ek- - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Proto-Hellenic *eks

Esperanto ek-

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἐκ (ek).[1]

ek-

  1. The prefix ek- indicates that the action it modifies is momentary or just beginning. It marks the inceptive aspect of verbs.
    ‎ek- + ‎_krii_ (“to cry”) → ‎_ekkrii_ (“to cry out”)
    ‎ek- + ‎_kanti_ (“to sing”) → ‎_ekkanti_ (“to begin to sing”)
  1. ^ André Cherpillod, “ek”, in Konciza Etimologia Vortaro [Concise Etymological Dictionary], →ISBN

Prefix form of ek (“out of (motion from; made or extracted from; fractional part of), out from, out (forth from), of (made of)”).

ek-

  1. prefix indicating out, out from
    ‎ek- + ‎_irar_ (“to go”) → ‎_ekirar_ (“to go out; exit”)

Compare Southern Ohlone -ka.

ek-

  1. I (first-person, singular, proclitic subject pronoun)
    • 1921, María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, John Peabody Harrington, Chochenyo Field Notes, →DOI:
      ek-jawwasin
      I will wait [for it]

ek-

  1. my (first-person, singular, possessive)
    • 1921, María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, John Peabody Harrington, Chochenyo Field Notes, →DOI:
      kiš kaayi ek-mootil
      My head is hurting me

Northern Ohlone personal pronouns

| | person | subject | object | possessive | | | | | | | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | disjunctive1 | proclitic | enclitic | disjunctive1 | proclitic | enclitic | | | | | singular | first | kaana | ek- | -ek, -k | kiš, kaaniš | kiš- | -kiš | ek-, kaanak | | second | meene | em-, im- | -em, -im, -m | miš | emiš-, imiš-, miš- | -miš | em-, meenem | | | third | waaka | Ø-2 | -Ø2 | wiš | Ø-2, eš- | -Ø2, -eš | i-, waakai- | | | plural | first | makkin | mak- | -mak | makkiš, makkinše | — | — | mak-, makkinmak | | second | makkam | kam- | -kam | makkamše | — | — | kam-, makkam | | | third | waakamak | ya- | -ya | yaṭiš | — | — | ya-, waakamak | |

1 Disjunctive is mostly used in copular sentences or for emphasis, either alone (eg. kaana) or with a clitic (eg. kaana-k ...-ek).
2 Null morpheme. An unmarked verb implies a third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives waaka and wiš may also be used.
Note: Proclitic and enclitic forms can combine and undergo syncope, eg. ellešk (“let me do to him/her/it”) = elle +‎ -eš +‎ -ek

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