mula - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
mula (uncountable)
- Alternative spelling of moola.
From Proto-Great Andamanese *mulə.
mula
- Juliette Blevins, Linguistic clues to Andamanese pre-history: Understanding the North-South divide, pg. 22 (2009)
mula
- Hills O., Roberto, et al. (2004), Diccionario lulu ña̱ sanyaꞌá xiinꞌ nya̱nya̱ = Pequeño diccionario ilustrado en el mixteco de Ayutla, Gro.[1] (overall work in Ayutla Mixtec and Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 7
- mulè (Urban Jakarta)
Inherited from Classical Malay mula, from Sanskrit मूल (mūla).
mula
mula (not comparable)
mula f (plural mules)
- female equivalent of mul
- tree spurge
Synonym: lleterassa - callus
- garfish
Synonym: agulla prima
- mulassa
- “mula”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
Una mula (1)
Una mula (2)
From Latin mula, feminine of mulus.
mula f (masculine mulu, plural mule)
From its scientific name Mola mola.
mula f (plural mule)
- pesciu tondu
- “mula” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa
mula
mula f (relational adjective mulový or mulí)
- mezek
- “mula”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
- “mula”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “mula”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026
- mulla (obsolete)
mula
mulabu (“men”, collective)
mulamang (“husband”)
Troy, Jakelin (2019) [1994], The Sydney Language[2], 2nd edition, Canberra, ACT: Aboriginal Studies Press, →ISBN, page 29
mula
mula f (plural mules) (ORB, broad)
- mule in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
- mula in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu
Further information
[edit]
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “mūlus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 6/3: Mobilis–Myxa, page 211
mula
- inflection of mulir:
mula
mùla (grade 3)
mula
- to plant
From Malay mula, probably from either:
- Sanskrit मूल (mūla, “origin, beginning, base, foundation, radish, root, cause”), or
- Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mula (“to start”, literally “to plant”).[1]
- IPA(key): /mula/
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
mula (plural **mula-mula)
- “mula”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016
- IPA(key): /ˈmu.la/
- Rhymes: -ula
- Hyphenation: mù‧la
mula f (plural mule, masculine mulo)
Feminine of mūlus; mūlus + -a (feminine suffix).
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈmuː.ɫa]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈmuː.la]
mūla f (genitive mūlae); first declension
- female mule, she-mule
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 7.14:
[…] : mulis strata detrahi iubet binisque tantum centunculis relictis agasones partim captivis, partim aegrorum armis ornatos imponit.
[…] : he orders the mules to be stripped off their saddles and, leaving them only some two small pieces of patchwork to be sat on, be mounted with their muleteers carrying weapons taken from either the prisoners or the sick.
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 7.14:
First-declension noun (dative/ablative plural in -īs or dative/ablative plural in -ābus).
Italo-Romance:
Gallo-Romance:
Ibero-Romance:
Borrowings:
→ Old Galician-Portuguese: mula
→? Old Spanish: mula
“mula”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“mula”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
"mula", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
mula f (male equivalent mul)
- female mule
mula
- inflection of mul:
- Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “mula”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
- Starosta, Manfred (1999), “mula”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
There are two suggested theories as to where this word usage originated:
- From Old Malay [script needed] (mula), from Sanskrit मूल (mūla, “origin, beginning, base, foundation, radish, root, cause”).
- Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mula (“to start”, literally “to plant”).[1]
- (Standard Literary) IPA(key): /ˈmula/ [ˈmu.la]
- (schwa-variety) IPA(key): /ˈmulə/ [ˈmu.lə]
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
mula (Jawi spelling مولا, uncountable)
- the beginning, the start
dari mula lagi
since the beginning - (medicine) onset
mula demam ― onset of fever.
permulaan (“beginning; start; commencement”)
sebermula (“in the beginning (archaic literary)”)
semula (“again; anew; originally”)
pada mulanya (“at first”)
> Indonesian: mula (inherited)
- "mula" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [_Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)_] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
Inherited from Arabic مَوْلَى (mawlā).
mula m (plural mwiel)
mūla
Old Galician-Portuguese
[edit]
Learned borrowing from Latin mūla, from mūlus + -a. Doublet of mua.
mula f (plural mulas)
- Fala: mula
- Portuguese: mula
- Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “mula”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “mula”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂
Proto-Italic *-ā
Latin mūla
Old Spanish mula
From Latin mūla, feminine of mūlus (“mule”).
mula f (plural mulas)
- mule
- 13th century, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, page 38vb:
E dixo acab a abdias ue ala tr̃a por las fontanas todas de las tr̃as ⁊ por las torriẽtes quiçab trobaremos yerba ont biuan los cauallos elas mulas e nõ p̃damos las beſtias.
And Ahab said to Obadiah, “Go into the land to every fountain throughout the land and to the brooks. Perhaps we will find grass on which the horses and mules can live, that we may not lose the beasts.”
- 13th century, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, page 38vb:
Spanish: mula (see there for further descendants)
Ferreiro, Manuel (2014–2026), “mula”, in Universo Cantigas: edición crítica da poesía medieval galego-portuguesa [Universo Cantigas: critical edition of Galician-Portuguese medieval poetry] (in Galician), A Coruña: University of A Coruña, →ISSN
Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “mula”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “mula”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Rhymes: -ula
Syllabification: mu‧la
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
mula f
- (Buddhism) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
mula m animal
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
mula
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mula, a learned borrowing from Latin mūla, from mūlus + -a. Displaced Old Galician-Portuguese mua.
-
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈmu.la/
Rhymes: -ulɐ
Hyphenation: mu‧la
mula f (plural mulas)
- mule (hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse)
Coordinate term: bardoto - (strictly, rare) female equivalent of mulo (“female mule”)
- (figuratively) a stubborn person
- (jargon) a pile of salt
- drug mule
“mula”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026
“mula”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
“mula”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN
“mula”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
“mula” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
a mula (third-person singular present mulează, past participle mulat) 1st conjugation
- to mold
mȕla f (Cyrillic spelling му̏ла)
- mule (offspring of male donkey and female horse)
- “mula”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026
- IPA(key): /mùːla/
múla f
- mule (offspring of male donkey and female horse)
| Feminine, a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nom. sing. | múla | ||
| gen. sing. | múle | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative(imenovȃlnik) | múla | múli | múle |
| genitive(rodȋlnik) | múle | múl | múl |
| dative(dajȃlnik) | múli | múlama | múlam |
| accusative(tožȋlnik) | múlo | múli | múle |
| locative(mẹ̑stnik) | múli | múlah | múlah |
| instrumental(orọ̑dnik) | múlo | múlama | múlami |
- “mula”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2026
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂
Proto-Italic *-ā
Latin mūla
Old Spanish mula
Spanish mula
Inherited from Old Spanish mula, from Latin mūla, feminine of mūlus (“mule”).
mula f (plural mulas)
- female equivalent of mulo (“mule”)
- trash
- (Latin America) traitor
- (Mexico) a smart, somewhat abusive person
→ Ayutla Mixtec: mula
→ Taos: mùloʼóna
→ Zacatepec Chatino: mùlyā
“mula”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025
mula (1)
From Old Swedish mule, via German, from Latin mulus.
mula c
From mule (“muzzle”).
mula (present mular, preterite mulade, supine mulat, imperative **mula)
- (colloquial) to rub snow in someone's face
- 2006, “16-åring friad från snöbollsmisshandel [16-year-old released in court from snowball abuse]”, in Sydsvenskan[4]:
Kamraten sade i tingsrätten att han bara tog tag i 16-åringen och mulade honom med snö innan han släppte taget.
His friend said in district court that he only grabbed the 16-year-old and rubbed snow in his face before letting go.
- 2006, “16-åring friad från snöbollsmisshandel [16-year-old released in court from snowball abuse]”, in Sydsvenskan[4]:
- (by extension, colloquial) to rub something in someone’s face
Synonym: pula- 2008, P J Anders Linder, “En ding, ding, ding, ding värld? [A mad, mad, mad, mad world?]”, in Svenska Dagbladet[5]:
Bäst som Barack Obama stod och övade segergester framför hallspegeln ringde Reuters på dörren och mulade honom med gratulationstårtan.
Just as Barack Obama stood in front of his hall mirror, practicing victory gestures, Reuters called on the door and rubbed a congratulatory cake in his face.
- 2008, P J Anders Linder, “En ding, ding, ding, ding värld? [A mad, mad, mad, mad world?]”, in Svenska Dagbladet[5]:
- (colloquial) to wolf down, stuff down; to eat, especially as if (figuratively) rubbing one’s face in the food
Jag mulade en hel chokladkaka.
I wolfed down an entire chocolate bar.- 2024 April 27, Eleonor Svensson, Clara Wasell, “Strategin som gav Lhiam förstaplatsen”, in Hela Gotland:
Med en annorlunda strategi lyckades han mula i sig flest korvar på tio minuter: ”Det blir mer som att du dricker brödet, vilket spar tid”
With an unusual strategy he managed to stuff down the most sausages in ten minutes: “It becomes more like you drink the bread, which saves time.”
- 2024 April 27, Eleonor Svensson, Clara Wasell, “Strategin som gav Lhiam förstaplatsen”, in Hela Gotland:
This verb for rubbing snow in someone’s face is known for its many dialectal synonyms, and in a survey made in 2006 by the radio programme Språket i P1, they received 95 synonyms for this word based on 5800 replies, mula being the most common one.
gnosa (Västergötland)
grosa (Västergötland)
gura (Gothenburg)
göra (Västergötland)
muddra (Roslagen)
mulla (Uppland)
myla (Östergötland)
mylla (Småland)
möla (Västergötland)
pesa (Finland Swedish)
pula (Närke, Västmanland, Uppland, Hälsingland, Åland)
sylta (Gothenburg)
tryna (Värmland)
From Romani.
mula
- “Om 95 olika ord för att gnida in snö i ansiktet [About 95 different words for rubbing snow in someone’s face]”, in Språket i P1[6], Sveriges Radio, 10 January 2006, retrieved 23 October 2019
- “mula”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
- mola — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling
Borrowed from Sanskrit मूल (mūla).
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /muˈlaʔ/ [mʊˈlaʔ]
- Rhymes: -aʔ
- Syllabification: mu‧la
mulâ (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ)
mulâ (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ)
- (formal, archaic) origin
Synonyms: orihen, pinagmulan, pinanggalingan
- magmula
- mula ngayon
- mula't mula
- mula't sapol
- mulaan
- mulang buhat
- mulang danaw
- mulang dilim
- pagmula
- pagmulan
- pamula
- panimula
- parang tao sa mula
- pinagmulan
- Samula
- simula
- simulain
- simulan
- tuntong mula
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂
Proto-Italic *-ā
Latin mūla
Old Spanish mula
Tagalog mula
Borrowed from Spanish mula, from Old Spanish mula, from Latin mūla, from mūlus + -a.
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈmula/ [ˈmuː.lɐ]
- Rhymes: -ula
- Syllabification: mu‧la
mula (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ)
- mule (sterile hybrid of donkey and horse)
Borrowed from Spanish mula, from Medieval Latin mula (“slipper, shoe with a thick sole”), presumably from classical Latin mulleus, the dyed shoe of either the patricians or senators, from Ancient Greek μύλλος (múllos).
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈmula/ [ˈmuː.lɐ]
- Rhymes: -ula
- Syllabification: mu‧la
mula (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ)
- mule (backless shoe)
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /muˈla/ [mʊˈla]
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: mu‧la
mulá (complete nula, progressive nunula, contemplative pupula, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ) (obsolete)
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈmulaʔ/ [ˈmuː.lɐʔ]
- Rhymes: -ulaʔ
- Syllabification: mu‧la
mulà (complete nula, progressive nunula, contemplative pupula, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ) (obsolete)
- “mula”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
- Serrano Laktaw, Pedro (1914), Diccionario tagálog-hispano (overall work in Tagalog and Spanish), Intramuros, Manila: Ateneo de Manila., page 834
- ulam, luma
mula
mula
mula
- yunak (“shade, shadow”)
- ^ https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/server/api/core/bitstreams/f4512721-7645-4722-90b8-168541d38240/content
mulá
- a plant