tumaini - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Borrowed from Arabic طَمِعَ (ṭamiʕa).[1]
-tumaini (infinitive kutumaini)
| Conjugation of -tumaini |
|---|
| Positive present -natumaini Subjunctive -tumaini Negative -tumaini Imperative singular tumaini |
| Infinitives |
| Positive kutumaini Negative kutotumaini |
| Imperatives |
| Singular tumaini Plural tumainini |
| Tensed forms |
| Habitual hutumaini Positive past positive subject concord + -litumaini Negative past negative subject concord + -kutumaini |
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -natumaini) Singular Plural 1st person ninatumaini/natumaini tunatumaini 2nd person unatumaini mnatumaini 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatumaini wanatumaini other classes positive subject concord + -natumaini |
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -tumaini) Singular Plural 1st person situmaini hatutumaini 2nd person hutumaini hamtumaini 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatumaini hawatumaini other classes negative subject concord + -tumaini |
| Positive future positive subject concord + -tatumaini Negative future negative subject concord + -tatumaini |
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tumaini) Singular Plural 1st person nitumaini tutumaini 2nd person utumaini mtumaini 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atumaini watumaini other classes positive subject concord + -tumaini |
| Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -situmaini Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetumaini Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetumaini Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalitumaini Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalitumaini |
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atumaini) Singular Plural 1st person natumaini twatumaini 2nd person watumaini mwatumaini 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atumaini watumaini m-mi(III/IV) watumaini yatumaini ji-ma(V/VI) latumaini yatumaini ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatumaini vyatumaini n(IX/X) yatumaini zatumaini u(XI) watumaini see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwatumaini pa(XVI) patumaini mu(XVIII) mwatumaini |
| Perfect positive subject concord + -metumaini "Already" positive subject concord + -meshatumaini "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatumaini "If/When" positive subject concord + -kitumaini "If not" positive subject concord + -sipotumaini Consecutive katumaini / positive subject concord + -katumaini Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katumaini |
| Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nitumaini -tutumaini 2nd person -kutumaini -watumaini/-kutumainini/-watumainini 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtumaini -watumaini m-mi(III/IV) -utumaini -itumaini ji-ma(V/VI) -litumaini -yatumaini ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kitumaini -vitumaini n(IX/X) -itumaini -zitumaini u(XI) -utumaini see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kutumaini pa(XVI) -patumaini mu(XVIII) -mutumaini Reflexive -jitumaini |
| Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tumaini- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -tumainiye -tumainio m-mi(III/IV) -tumainio -tumainiyo ji-ma(V/VI) -tumainilo -tumainiyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -tumainicho -tumainivyo n(IX/X) -tumainiyo -tumainizo u(XI) -tumainio see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -tumainiko pa(XVI) -tumainipo mu(XVIII) -tumainimo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tumaini) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yetumaini -otumaini m-mi(III/IV) -otumaini -yotumaini ji-ma(V/VI) -lotumaini -yotumaini ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotumaini -vyotumaini n(IX/X) -yotumaini -zotumaini u(XI) -otumaini see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kotumaini pa(XVI) -potumaini mu(XVIII) -motumaini |
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. |
- Verbal derivations:
- Causative: -tumainisha (“give hope to”)
- Passive: -tumainiwa (“be expected to”)
tumaini class V (plural matumaini class VI)
^ Baldi, Sergio (30 November 2020), Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 193 Nr. 1721