val - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

val

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Vehes.

Shortening of Valium.

val (countable and uncountable, plural vals)

  1. (informal) Valium.
    • 1997 May 29, Kate Sholl, “Re: MED: Pain relief in Neck?”, in alt.med.fibromyalgia‎[2] (Usenet):
      and i must be on that list of people that need to get knocked over with a hammer 'cause vicodin and val don't knock me out.
    • 1998 December 29, rob [username], “Re: Depression and MS(leg/feet burning pain)”, in alt.support.mult-sclerosis‎[3] (Usenet):
      I would think though that whatever the reason for a panic attack valium would be great. I know that if my house was on fire and I was on 15mg of val It[_sic_] would take a lot more energy than I had, to panic. ;^)
    • 2002 June 28, FllSpdAhd1 [username], “Re: Valium?”, in rec.pets.cats.health+behav‎[4] (Usenet):
      I'm a medic and phenobarb is the primary drug for true seizures, but the OP states the cat presents seizure like behavior at the sound of her voice. I don't know where any of you are from, but we don't treat seizures with val.

From Dutch vallen.

val (present **val, present participle vallende, past participle geval)

  1. to fall

Likely borrowed from Latin vallis. The term may be an example of an ancient borrowing that later fell out of use. Its presence is minimal but scattered both in Southern and Northern Albanian toponyms.

val m (definite vali) (chiefly uncountable, regional)

  1. valley
    Synonyms: luginë, lug
  2. scree
    Synonyms: valishtë, rrëgallë
  3. mountain pass
    Synonym: qafë
  4. summer pasture, shieling

Borrowed from Sicilian vagliu, vagghiu.

val m (plural vale, definite vali) (dialectal, Calabria)

  1. courtyard
    Synonym: (standard) oborr

val m (definite vali) (dialectal, Calabria, San Marzano, Mandrica)

  1. alternative form of vaj (“olive oil”)
    Këta val ë të vjetër. (Frascineto)
    This olive oil is old.

From Latin valles.

val f (plural vals)

  1. valley

val m (plural vals)

  1. voucher

val

  1. inflection of valer:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative
  2. inflection of valdre:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

val

  1. okay

Derived from Middle High German wal, from Latin vallum.

val m inan

  1. bulwark, rampart

Reborrowed from Old Norse valr in the 1800s. Found in Old Danish wal (“field, pasture”)

val c (singular definite valen, not used in plural form)

  1. (poetic) battlefield
    Synonyms: slagmark, (poetic) valplads

From Middle Low German wal or Dutch wal (“coast, shore”), from Latin vallum. Doublet of vold.

val c (singular definite vallen, not used in plural form)

  1. (obsolete) steep coastline

From Old Norse vǫllr, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz (“forest”), cognate with German Wald. Doublet of vold. Alternatively, the same word as the noun above.

val c (singular definite vallen, not used in plural form)

  1. (obsolete) plain
    • 1812, N.F.S. Grundtvig, Til Danerkongen Frederik hin Sjette (in: Poetiske Skrifter, vol. 3, p. 2):
      Paa faste Val og paa den grønne Strand, | At ofre villig baade Liv og Blod.
      On the firm plain and the green beach to sacrifice both life and blood.

From Middle Dutch val, from Old Dutch *fal, from Proto-West Germanic *fall, from Proto-Germanic *fallaz. Equivalent to a deverbal from vallen (“to fall”).

val m (plural vallen, diminutive valletje n)

  1. a fall (act or event of falling)
  2. a downfall, demise
    Synonym: ondergang

From Middle Dutch valle, from Old Dutch falla, ultimately from the root of vallen (“to fall”), thus related to Etymology 1 above.

val f (plural vallen, diminutive valletje n)

  1. a physical trap, snare
  2. any trap, ploy

Related to Etymology 1 above.

val n (plural vallen, diminutive valletje n)

  1. (nautical) halyard
    Synonym: vlaggenlijn

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Probably of the same origin as walvis (“whale”), being the largest land fish.

val m (plural vallen, diminutive valletje n)

  1. (obsolete) a catfish
    Synonym: meerval
  2. any of its relatives in the family Siluridae

From Sanskrit वल्ल (valla),[1][2] a word used for various grains and pulses, or for a unit of weight equal to 3 रक्तिका (raktikā). The explanation of latter meaning is that the रक्तिका (raktikā) is named after the seeds of Abrus precatorius, of which there are often 3 in a pod.[3]

val m (plural vals, diminutive valletje n)

  1. (obsolete) an East Indian weight for silver and gold.
    • 1682, Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, De zes reizen van den Heer J. Bapt. Tavernier, die hij, gedurende de tyt van veertig jaren, in Turkyen, Persiën, en in d'Indiën, langs alle de wegen, die derwaarts strekken, gedaan heeft [The six voyages of Lord J. Bapt. Tavernier, which he made during the period of forty years, in Turkey, Persia, and in the Indies, along all the roads leading thither], Amsterdam: Weduwe Johannes van Someren, page 12:
      Wat de Spaansche Reaal aangaat / die drieënzeventig Vals weegt / men heeft 'er vier Mamoudiën en een halve voor / en een Mamoudi geld twintig Pechas; en in dezer voegen heeft men voor de Spaansche Reaal tnegentig [_sic_] Pechas: maar zij moeten / gelijk ik gezegt heb / goed zijn / en drieenzeventig Vals wegen.
      As for the Spanish real, which weighs seventy-three vals, one gets four and a half mahmudi for it, and a mahmudi is worth twenty paisa; and in this way one has ninety paisa for the Spanish real: but they should, as I was saying, be good, and weigh seventy-three vals.

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

val

  1. inflection of vallen:

    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

  2. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001), “valla-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 462

  3. ^ Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “वल्ल”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016

  4. ^ Matthias de Vries; Lambert Allard te Winkel (1864), “val”, in Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal, published 2001

From Old Norse val (“choice”) (see the verb velja (“to choose”)), from Proto-Germanic *walą.

val n (genitive singular vals, plural **val)

  1. choice
    Eg hevði einki val. ― I had no choice.
  2. (politics) election
    Í dag er val í Norðurkorea, og tað gongur fyri seg upp á ein heilt serligan hátt. ― Today there is an election in North Korea, and it is happening in a very special way.
  3. quality

Inherited from Old French val, from Latin vallem.

val m (plural vaux / vals)

  1. (literary) valley, vale

From Latin vallis, vallem.

val f (plural valis)

  1. valley

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese vale, from Latin vallis, vallem.

val m (plural vales)

  1. valley
    • c1350, Kevin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto Padre Sarmiento, page 122:
      Et ao ferir, braadarõ et deron tan grãdes vozes que os vales rretenyam.
      As they clashed, they shouted and cried so aloud that the valleys resounded.

From Old Norse val (“choice”) (see the verb velja (“to choose”)), from Proto-Germanic *walą.

val n (genitive singular vals, nominative plural völ)

  1. choice
  2. selection

val f (apocopated)

  1. apocopic form of valle

val

  1. apocopic form of vale

From Proto-Finnic *valo, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *waĺɜ. Cognates include Finnish valo.

va’l

  1. light

From Proto-Finnic *valo, probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *kwalō.

va’l

  1. pain, ache

Inherited from Old High German val.

val m

  1. fall
  2. (grammar) case
    • 14th century, Heinrich von Mügeln, Der meide krancz (Codex Palatinus germanicus (Cod. Pal. germ.) 14)
      Wÿ man dy namen brechen ſol
      Nach iren vellen hin czu cal
      [the following verses contain a declension of Petrus (genitive Petri, dative Petro, accusative Petrum, vocative Petre and ablative Petro)]
      How one shall inflect/decline (literally break) the nouns
      After their cases over to number

From Old Norse vaðill (“ford, shallow water”).

val m (definite singular valen, indefinite plural valer, definite plural valene)

  1. inlet, shallow bay

From Old Norse valr (“the fallen”).

val m (definite singular valen, indefinite plural valer, definite plural valene)

  1. (poetic) battlefield

From Old Norse val.

val n

  1. form removed with the spelling reform of 1959; superseded by valg

From Old Norse val, from Proto-Germanic *walą.

val n (definite singular valet, indefinite plural **val, definite plural vala)

  1. choice
    Du har ikkje noko val.
    You don't have a choice.
  2. election
    Synonym: røysting
    Kven skal du røysta på til valet?
    Who are you going to vote for in the election?

From Old Norse valr, from Proto-Germanic *walaz.

val m (definite singular valen, uncountable)

  1. the slain (in battle)

From Latin vallis.

val f (plural vals)

  1. valley

From Latin vallis, vallem.

val oblique singular, m (oblique plural vaus or vax or vals, nominative singular vaus or vax or vals, nominative plural **val)

  1. valley

From Proto-West Germanic *fall, from Proto-Germanic *fallaz.

val m

  1. fall

val

  1. accusative singular of valr

From Latin vallis, vallem.

val f (plural vaj)

  1. valley

val m (plural vales)

  1. apocopic form of vale (“valley”)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ), from Proto-Slavic *valъ. Compare Serbo-Croatian val; close to Albanian valë.

val n (plural valuri)

  1. wave
    Synonym: undă

From Latin vallum (“wall, rampart”), probably a later borrowing; cf. German Wall, Italian vallo, also English wall.

val n (plural valuri)

  1. earth rampart which served in antiquity as a military stronghold

From Latin vallis, vallem.

val f (plural vals)

  1. valley

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *valъ.

vȃl m inan (Cyrillic spelling ва̑л)

  1. (regional, Croatia) wave (a long body of water curling into an arched form)
    Synonym: tȁlās

Derived from Middle High German wal, from Latin vallum.

val m inan (relational adjective valový)

  1. bulwark, rampart

From Proto-Slavic *valъ. First attested in the 16th century.

vȃl m inan

  1. wave, undulation
Masculine inan., hard o-stem, plural in -ôv-
nom. sing. vál
gen. sing. vála
singular dual plural
nominative(imenovȃlnik) vál valôva valôvi
genitive(rodȋlnik) vála valôv valôv
dative(dajȃlnik) válu valôvoma valôvom
accusative(tožȋlnik) vál valôva valôve
locative(mẹ̑stnik) válu valôvih valôvih
instrumental(orọ̑dnik) válom valôvoma valôvi
Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. vál
gen. sing. vála
singular dual plural
nominative(imenovȃlnik) vál vála váli
genitive(rodȋlnik) vála válov válov
dative(dajȃlnik) válu váloma válom
accusative(tožȋlnik) vál vála vále
locative(mẹ̑stnik) válu válih válih
instrumental(orọ̑dnik) válom váloma váli

val m (plural valles)

  1. apocopic form of valle: valley

val

  1. apocopic form of vale: is worth

From Old Swedish hval, from Old Norse hvalr, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“sheatfish”).

en val (knölval) [a whale (humpback whale)] (etymology 1, noun sense 1)

val c

  1. a whale
    Blåvalen är den största valen och det största djuret överhuvudtaget
    The blue whale is the largest whale [double definiteness – see the usage notes for _den_] and the largest animal in general

From Old Norse val (related to the verb velja (“to choose”)), from Proto-Germanic *walą. Related to välja, vilja (English will).

ett val [an election] (etymology 2 sense 2)

val n

  1. a choice
    Har du gjort ditt val?
    Have you made your choice?
    Du har inget val
    You have no choice
    ett svårt val
    a difficult choice
    ett medvetet val
    a conscious/deliberate choice
  2. an election[1]
    att hålla ett val
    to hold an election
    att hålla val
    to hold elections / an election [as an activity]
    (literally, “to hold election [Could also be interpreted as "elections" for the plural case here, since the plural is identical]”)

From Old Norse valr (“the slain, the fallen”), from Proto-Germanic *walaz (“corpse, body; carnage”).

val c

  1. (obsolete) the fallen; casualties of a war or battle
  1. ^ Government terms, Government Offices of Sweden

val

  1. like, similar to

From Latin vallis, vallem.

val f (plural **val)

  1. valley