André Ourednik | Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (original) (raw)
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Papers by André Ourednik
in Administory : Journal for the History of Public Administration, Volume 3: Issue 1, 31 Dec 2018... more in Administory : Journal for the History of Public Administration, Volume 3: Issue 1, 31 Dec 2018, pp. 112–146
Joachim Brik est un post-doctorant qui participe a la mise en ligne d'une cartographie revise... more Joachim Brik est un post-doctorant qui participe a la mise en ligne d'une cartographie revisee de l'Europe, dont les confins ne sont plus tres clairs. Mandate par des pontes europeens, il part scanner la monumentale collection de cartes du Boyard Kraienski a la frontiere dacene. Des l'atterrissage, le cours des evenements amorce comme un glissement de terrain. Ce roman a mi-chemin entre l'essai philosophique et le recit burlesque interroge, au fil du recit, les concepts d'espace, de territoire et de la representabilite cartographique.
Revue Electronique Des Sciences Humaines Et Sociales, Jun 12, 2014
The recurring challenge facing anyone who tries to localize realities in order to show their spat... more The recurring challenge facing anyone who tries to localize realities in order to show their spatial relations on a map is the systematic impermanence of any objectivized space. Thus any space used as a base layer in thematic maps must be thought of as the result of an ongoing production. Places, like any mobile individuals, always move with respect to any given formalized space. In this process, maps have a localization purpose which should be understood as a “here”-enhancement, i.e. an enhancement of the potential of our environment. I argue that the static, zenithal-view map, which used to be an important instrument of such enhancement, it is being growingly replaced by mobile devices able to articulate local information (building facades, vehicles, QR tags, etc.) with spatial databases into a new hic et nunc. I suggest that that the very concept of the "geographical map" should evolve so as to refer precisely to this interactive system of spatial information.
Le Wikitractatus procède d'une réflexion sur la construction de la connaissance dans le conte... more Le Wikitractatus procède d'une réflexion sur la construction de la connaissance dans le contexte du big data. Il se propose sous la forme d'un traité philosophico-poétique en réseau. Le lecteur chemine au gré des envies et des intérêts thématiques. La liste exhaustive des termes du dictionnaire classique laisse place à l’expérience d’un réseau de sens
Between Art and Truth with MachineLearning: A brief history of ArtificialIntelligence from the co... more Between Art and Truth with MachineLearning: A brief history of ArtificialIntelligence from the code of Ur-Nammu to the Generative NeuralNetworks. From autofiction to the open collective author. English translation of the French original “Entre l’art et la vérité“, in La Cinquième Saison: Revue littéraire romande, volume 6, ‘Portrait des robots’. 2019.
Health & Place, 2022
This article examines the entanglement between feelings of stress and discomfort, physiological a... more This article examines the entanglement between feelings of stress and discomfort, physiological arousal and urban experiences of persons living with early psychosis. It adopts a biosocial approach, using mixed methods combining ambulatory skin conductance monitoring, mobile interviews and contextual data, collected through GPS and video recordings. The study draws on and strives to cross-fertilize two recent strands of research. The first relates to the use of digital phenotyping in mental health research. The second explores stress and emotional arousal in cities using ambulatory physiological measures. Empirically, the paper is based on fieldwork in Basel, Switzerland, with nine participants recruited within the Basel Early Treatment Service (BEATS), and four controls. We focus on three salient elements in our results: visual perception of moving bodies, spatial transitions and openness and enclosure of the built environment. The analysis shows how these elements elicit physiological responses of arousal and expressed feelings of discomfort. In the concluding section we discuss the methodological implications of these results and suggest the notion of regime of attention as a focus for future biosocial research on urban mental health.
Revue Electronique Des Sciences Humaines Et Sociales, Nov 14, 2006
Les panneaux d’information electroniques ont d’abord ete l’apanage des aeroports et des gares. Da... more Les panneaux d’information electroniques ont d’abord ete l’apanage des aeroports et des gares. Dans les deux cas, ils servaient surtout de soupapes d’une gigantesque machine a deplacer des populations vastes, dont il s’agissait de distribuer la pression dans divers [...]
The very existence of urban formations on all inhabited continents and throughout the history of ... more The very existence of urban formations on all inhabited continents and throughout the history of mankind since the 3rd millennium B.C. leads to suppose a tendency of some structured societies to maximize interaction by minimizing physical distance. Were this tendency unconstrained, it should eventually lead to the concentration of all of the society’s population into one single point: a situation only partially realized by the distribution of urban populations at the global scale. Models of constraints preventing its realization have thus to be proposed. We have set up one such model, using agent based simulation of food production and accessibility, in order to account for the structural constraints particular to the physical space. The simulations have notably shown that, while necessarily emerging from a society investing agricultural surplus into the upholding of specialists, an upper limit to city-growth is imposed by the phenomena of spatial friction.
CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Moving walkways (MW) have been imagined as a possible means of transport since the late 19th cent... more Moving walkways (MW) have been imagined as a possible means of transport since the late 19th century, and this system has fascinated urban planners and engineers ever since. Contrary to what has been imagined, moving walkways are only used in transportation hub corridors, and not as a main transport mode in city centers. Today however, MWs are receiving increasing attention as a possible solution to congestion and pollution, as well as a catalyst for soft mobility. This paper explores the role of moving walkways as a transport system, and it presents an optimized design of a network of MWs in a city center. We review historical MWs, current installations and future possibilities, using different perspectives, from geography to urban planning to transport engineering. We discuss the way in which MWs influence how people inhabit the urban space, and we review this system in the context of history of urban planning. Then, we describe a technological development called accelerating movi...
Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 2017
Density-equalizing cartograms in the Euclidian plane are the usual cartographic solution for the ... more Density-equalizing cartograms in the Euclidian plane are the usual cartographic solution for the discrepancy between the topographic nature of the GIS map, reflecting the extent of land surfaces, and the demographic nature of a vote, pertaining to the number of voters expressing a given political choice. Cartograms adapt map polygon areas to population sizes. Contemporary mapping technologies allow a different approach by giving access to interactive models in which the third dimension of space can be used to reflect a demographic variable while leaving the topographic base-map intact. This offers an answer to concerns about cartogram readability by the general public. Examples from Austrian election and Swiss referendum results are given to illustrate our approach.
Revue Electronique Des Sciences Humaines Et Sociales, Oct 16, 2008
in Administory : Journal for the History of Public Administration, Volume 3: Issue 1, 31 Dec 2018... more in Administory : Journal for the History of Public Administration, Volume 3: Issue 1, 31 Dec 2018, pp. 112–146
Joachim Brik est un post-doctorant qui participe a la mise en ligne d'une cartographie revise... more Joachim Brik est un post-doctorant qui participe a la mise en ligne d'une cartographie revisee de l'Europe, dont les confins ne sont plus tres clairs. Mandate par des pontes europeens, il part scanner la monumentale collection de cartes du Boyard Kraienski a la frontiere dacene. Des l'atterrissage, le cours des evenements amorce comme un glissement de terrain. Ce roman a mi-chemin entre l'essai philosophique et le recit burlesque interroge, au fil du recit, les concepts d'espace, de territoire et de la representabilite cartographique.
Revue Electronique Des Sciences Humaines Et Sociales, Jun 12, 2014
The recurring challenge facing anyone who tries to localize realities in order to show their spat... more The recurring challenge facing anyone who tries to localize realities in order to show their spatial relations on a map is the systematic impermanence of any objectivized space. Thus any space used as a base layer in thematic maps must be thought of as the result of an ongoing production. Places, like any mobile individuals, always move with respect to any given formalized space. In this process, maps have a localization purpose which should be understood as a “here”-enhancement, i.e. an enhancement of the potential of our environment. I argue that the static, zenithal-view map, which used to be an important instrument of such enhancement, it is being growingly replaced by mobile devices able to articulate local information (building facades, vehicles, QR tags, etc.) with spatial databases into a new hic et nunc. I suggest that that the very concept of the "geographical map" should evolve so as to refer precisely to this interactive system of spatial information.
Le Wikitractatus procède d'une réflexion sur la construction de la connaissance dans le conte... more Le Wikitractatus procède d'une réflexion sur la construction de la connaissance dans le contexte du big data. Il se propose sous la forme d'un traité philosophico-poétique en réseau. Le lecteur chemine au gré des envies et des intérêts thématiques. La liste exhaustive des termes du dictionnaire classique laisse place à l’expérience d’un réseau de sens
Between Art and Truth with MachineLearning: A brief history of ArtificialIntelligence from the co... more Between Art and Truth with MachineLearning: A brief history of ArtificialIntelligence from the code of Ur-Nammu to the Generative NeuralNetworks. From autofiction to the open collective author. English translation of the French original “Entre l’art et la vérité“, in La Cinquième Saison: Revue littéraire romande, volume 6, ‘Portrait des robots’. 2019.
Health & Place, 2022
This article examines the entanglement between feelings of stress and discomfort, physiological a... more This article examines the entanglement between feelings of stress and discomfort, physiological arousal and urban experiences of persons living with early psychosis. It adopts a biosocial approach, using mixed methods combining ambulatory skin conductance monitoring, mobile interviews and contextual data, collected through GPS and video recordings. The study draws on and strives to cross-fertilize two recent strands of research. The first relates to the use of digital phenotyping in mental health research. The second explores stress and emotional arousal in cities using ambulatory physiological measures. Empirically, the paper is based on fieldwork in Basel, Switzerland, with nine participants recruited within the Basel Early Treatment Service (BEATS), and four controls. We focus on three salient elements in our results: visual perception of moving bodies, spatial transitions and openness and enclosure of the built environment. The analysis shows how these elements elicit physiological responses of arousal and expressed feelings of discomfort. In the concluding section we discuss the methodological implications of these results and suggest the notion of regime of attention as a focus for future biosocial research on urban mental health.
Revue Electronique Des Sciences Humaines Et Sociales, Nov 14, 2006
Les panneaux d’information electroniques ont d’abord ete l’apanage des aeroports et des gares. Da... more Les panneaux d’information electroniques ont d’abord ete l’apanage des aeroports et des gares. Dans les deux cas, ils servaient surtout de soupapes d’une gigantesque machine a deplacer des populations vastes, dont il s’agissait de distribuer la pression dans divers [...]
The very existence of urban formations on all inhabited continents and throughout the history of ... more The very existence of urban formations on all inhabited continents and throughout the history of mankind since the 3rd millennium B.C. leads to suppose a tendency of some structured societies to maximize interaction by minimizing physical distance. Were this tendency unconstrained, it should eventually lead to the concentration of all of the society’s population into one single point: a situation only partially realized by the distribution of urban populations at the global scale. Models of constraints preventing its realization have thus to be proposed. We have set up one such model, using agent based simulation of food production and accessibility, in order to account for the structural constraints particular to the physical space. The simulations have notably shown that, while necessarily emerging from a society investing agricultural surplus into the upholding of specialists, an upper limit to city-growth is imposed by the phenomena of spatial friction.
CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Moving walkways (MW) have been imagined as a possible means of transport since the late 19th cent... more Moving walkways (MW) have been imagined as a possible means of transport since the late 19th century, and this system has fascinated urban planners and engineers ever since. Contrary to what has been imagined, moving walkways are only used in transportation hub corridors, and not as a main transport mode in city centers. Today however, MWs are receiving increasing attention as a possible solution to congestion and pollution, as well as a catalyst for soft mobility. This paper explores the role of moving walkways as a transport system, and it presents an optimized design of a network of MWs in a city center. We review historical MWs, current installations and future possibilities, using different perspectives, from geography to urban planning to transport engineering. We discuss the way in which MWs influence how people inhabit the urban space, and we review this system in the context of history of urban planning. Then, we describe a technological development called accelerating movi...
Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 2017
Density-equalizing cartograms in the Euclidian plane are the usual cartographic solution for the ... more Density-equalizing cartograms in the Euclidian plane are the usual cartographic solution for the discrepancy between the topographic nature of the GIS map, reflecting the extent of land surfaces, and the demographic nature of a vote, pertaining to the number of voters expressing a given political choice. Cartograms adapt map polygon areas to population sizes. Contemporary mapping technologies allow a different approach by giving access to interactive models in which the third dimension of space can be used to reflect a demographic variable while leaving the topographic base-map intact. This offers an answer to concerns about cartogram readability by the general public. Examples from Austrian election and Swiss referendum results are given to illustrate our approach.
Revue Electronique Des Sciences Humaines Et Sociales, Oct 16, 2008
L'"intelligence artificielle" telle que nous la concevons aujourd'hui se concentre sur l'apprenti... more L'"intelligence artificielle" telle que nous la concevons aujourd'hui se concentre sur l'apprentissage automatique, par lequel un programme isolé évolue pour prendre des décisions de plus en plus "correctes" en fonction d'un objectif prédéfini. Son mythe se nourrit de l'idéologie du self-made-man, que les plus grand investisseurs du domaine prennent pour un modèle d'intelligence. Malgré le potentiel créatif de l'IA, son imaginaire demeure dans l'orbite de systèmes de pensée établis qu'elle contribue à figer. Pour y échapper, nous avons besoin de perspectives plus larges. Cet essai soutient que l'IA n'est pas une invention récente, mais plutôt la continuation d'une longue tradition de création de systèmes artificiels qui médient notre relation au monde. Son histoire commence avec l'apparition même du langage, et elle se matérialise dans l'écriture et dans le tissu urbain antique. André Ourednik redéfinit l'IA comme l'ensemble des systèmes symboliques et fonctionnels qui méditent notre rapport à l'incontrôlable, à l'innommable, à l'insaisissable, en d'autres mots: à la nature. Reliant les tablettes de lois de la cité d'Ur, les méganombres védiques, les automates du 19e, la cybernétique et les algorithmes génératifs, voici l'histoire de l'autonomie croissante des dispositifs de pensée. Quel sera le rôle futur des humains dans leurs créations? Une intelligence artificielle qui échappe au contrôle humain redevient-elle "nature"? Avec quelles conséquences? L'IA peut-elle nous aider dans nos relations aux êtres vivants et à notre propre subjectivité?
Arbido, 2021
Les documents numériques sont de plus en plus des ensembles de données imbriquées, qui doivent êt... more Les documents numériques sont de plus en plus des ensembles de données imbriquées, qui doivent être compris comme une articulation de plusieurs fichiers qui en représentent les divers aspects. Leur contextualisation exige l’élaboration d’un réseau de connaissances qui tombera toujours davantage sous la responsabilité des archives, de manière à épargner les ressources des clients et des équipes de recherches. Les historiennes du futur s’intéresseront peut-être moins au contenu de nos échanges qu’à notre manière de les structurer.
La Baconnière, 2019
« Déroutant pour les personnes qui croient au peuplement paléolithique de la Suisse comme pour ce... more « Déroutant pour les personnes qui croient au peuplement paléolithique de la Suisse comme pour celles qui se persuadent de pouvoir réserver le meilleur hôtel possible sur Internet, ce pamphlet s’attaque aux formes prises par l’utopie dans l’histoire moderne et contemporaine. André Ourednik part du rêve des penseurs humanistes pour montrer que l’utopie est mise au service de la manipulation de la réalité à des fins idéologiques. Cette instrumentalisation de l’utopie connaît aujourd’hui une curieuse métamorphose : l’hypertopie, symptôme du changement profond de notre rapport au monde à l’heure d’Internet. L’hypertopie est un monde de l’omniscience dans lequel l’être humain, s’il n’y prend garde, perdra ce qu’il a de plus cher: la possibilité de se réinventer sans cesse. » (Cécile Guinand, Editions la Baconnière)
art&fiction, 2018
Trois aventuriers découvrent un sous-marin prophétique prisonnier des glaces dans un monde en cry... more Trois aventuriers découvrent un sous-marin prophétique prisonnier des glaces dans un monde en cryostase. Ils parviennent à réveiller son équipage, cinq mužiks qui se remémorent leurs espoirs de création d’un monde nouveau. Saga nostalgique, Atomik Submarine est basé sur une histoire vraie: celle du périple d’un sous-marin en tôle créé par l’artiste François Burland à travers l’Europe des années 2010.