Emilie Fiorucci | European University Institute (original) (raw)

Papers by Emilie Fiorucci

Historia de la familia, historia social Experiencias de investigacion en España y en Europa (siglos XVI-XIX), Edited by Francisco García González ; Sandro Guzzi-Heeb (eds.), 2023, 2023

Mélanges de l'École française de Rome. Moyen Âge

This study investigates two key economic structures of pre-modern societies, family and the guild... more This study investigates two key economic structures of pre-modern societies, family and the guilds, in 16 th-century Venice. More specifically, I explore the origin and consolidation of the mercers' guild elite through various forms of kinship, focusing on the case of two parishes in the centre of Venice: San Zulian and San Salvador. In order to do this, I will reconstruct matrimonial ties and other forms of spiritual parenthood-such as the choice of godparents and wedding witnesses-while assessing their influence on the governance of the guild. Two other fundamental aspects will also be highlighted, namely the role of charitable institutions in both the process of integration into the guild and the evolution of family structure.

Apprenticeship, Work, Society in Early Modern Venice, Edited By Anna Bellavitis, Valentina Sapienza,London - New York, Routledge, 2023

Recent studies have shown that, in Venice, guilds' statutes contained precise rules on regulated ... more Recent studies have shown that, in Venice, guilds' statutes contained precise rules on regulated apprenticeships, 1 unlike what has been observed in other medieval and modern Italian cities, where most guilds do not make mention of any sort of apprenticeship. 2 Against a background that seems to be an exception to this prevailing trend, the statutes of the mercers' guild-i.e., an important guild of merchants-did not regulate the apprenticeship of his members. 3 While an article dated 15 March 1636 mentions a demonstration of skills required to be able to perform a mercer's job, this test does not seem to be necessary in order to join the mercers' guild, given that "This art being diff erent from any other, everyone can enter into it without any proof or other requisite". 4 As this quotation clearly points out, in 1636, rather than a lack of apprenticeship rules or a lack of a demonstration of ability, no entry requirements were necessary. Marked by a merchandise eclecticism at the confl uence of multiple activities, mercers break away from the classic defi nition of a guild. Indeed, a guild ordinarily grouped together individuals who belonged to the same trade. However, what sets apart mercery is its inadequacy in satisfying this commonly held defi nition, as there is a gap between mercery seen as a structured guild and the individuals entered into this guild who perform diff erent jobs. Thanks to the rule introduced in 1446, mercers secured a monopoly on sales of all manufactured goods. This rule, however, risked turning mercers into debtors vis-à-vis artisans and many other guilds, in addition to causing numerous jurisdictional confl icts. In fact, mercers had the right to market any products manufactured by guilds that were scattered around the city, including those products made by small groups of specialised artisans who were not grouped into trades and who did not enjoy institutional recognition by the Republic. This newly introduced rule defi ned mercery as a merchant guild, while the absence of any entry requirement allowed the mercers' guild to establish a hierarchy vis-à-vis the world of artisans and small traders, who would remain subordinate to it. Although apprenticeship was not compulsory, recent research has confi rmed the presence of numerous apprenticeship contracts for mercers. 5 This shows that regulated apprenticeships were a practice that the guild's statutes did not legislate on. This chapter therefore addresses the theme of apprenticeship in a job that officially did not require it. 6 My goal is thus twofold: to question, on the one hand, the

Dans les règles du métier. Les acteurs des normes professionnelles au Moyen Age et à l’époque moderne,Philippe Bernardi; Corine Maitte; François Rivière, New Digital Frontiers, pp. 83-101, 2020

Les études sur les corporations et les confréries dévotes en Europe ont souligné le mimétisme ent... more Les études sur les corporations et les confréries dévotes en Europe ont souligné le mimétisme entre le fonctionnement interne de ces associations et le système électoral développé dans les modèles de gouvernement urbains à l’époque moderne. A Venise, l’histoire politique et sociale détaille la manière dont le gouvernement à la fin du Moyen Age, se renforce par la mise en place d’un arsenal réglementaire important. Dans cette même veine, les corporations, les confréries professionnelles ou religieuses à Venise ont longtemps été décrites par l’historiographie comme de « petites républiques » fonctionnant sur le modèle de la cité-Etat. A l’image des débats qui animèrent chaque jours les séances du grand conseil, le « processus de fabrication du droit » à l’intérieur des corporations est le résultat d’une construction ouverte des normes professionnelles. Les normes désignent ici le droit, les pratiques mais également les valeurs qui règlent la conduite des acteurs à l’intérieur d’un corps de métier.Notre communication se propose d’étudier l’élaboration des règles de métiers en comparant deux groupes professionnels distincts à Venise au début de l’époque moderne : Les merciers d’une part, corps pluriprofessionnel regroupant en son sein des effectifs nombreux, et les membres d’un traghetto de l’autre, petit collectif de gondoliers transportant des passagers dans le périmètre d’une station. Il s’agira donc de comprendre ici, à des échelles et à des degrés d’incorporation différents, comment la normativité des professions de ces professions est le résultat d’accommodements, de discussion et de débats entre les acteurs

Gender, Law and Economic Well-Being in Europe from the Fifteenth to the Nineteenth Century. North versus South?,a cura di Anna Bellavitis; Beatrice Zucca Micheletto, London and New York, Routledge, 2019

Cet article tente de mettre en relief le rôle des femmes dans l'économie vénitienne du XVIe siècl... more Cet article tente de mettre en relief le rôle des femmes dans l'économie vénitienne du XVIe siècle. Après une brève introduction, l’article aborde le travail des femmes sous différents angles. La première partie de l’article donne un aperçu de la réglementation imposées par les guildes concernant le travail des femmes. La seconde et la dernière partie traitent des stratégies commerciales des boutiquières, tant d'un point de vue qualitatif que quantitatif.

Apprendistato e formazione tra Venezia e l’Europa in età moderna, a cura di Anna Bellavitis, Martina Frank, Valentina Sapienza, Mantova, Universitas Studiorum, 2017

Until the collapse of the Republic of Venice in 1797, the mariegole have regulated the functionin... more Until the collapse of the Republic of Venice in 1797, the mariegole have regulated the functioning and the organization of crafts and their artisans. In the norms of these statutes are stipulated the rules of apprenticeship that young people eager to access mastery have to follow. By considering the cases of four luxury crafts – mirror makers, glassmakers, weavers and jewellers – between the 15th and 16th centuries, I endeavour to bring out the main features of the formation of Venetian craftsmen and the transmission of knowledge

Talks by Emilie Fiorucci

The MAR.VEN. project aims to provide a tool for thematic exploration and research, ensuring schol... more The MAR.VEN. project aims to provide a tool for thematic exploration and research, ensuring
scholars direct access to a selected group of statutes of Venetian guilds from the modern era, appropriately digitized. This allows for the retrieval of a wide range of information organized by theme, including apprenticeship, institutional duties, or other social functions. The intervention aims to illustrate the project's development and present the implemented research tool.

Questo intervento nasce dall’intenzione di mettere insieme diversi spunti, problematiche, interro... more Questo intervento nasce dall’intenzione di mettere insieme diversi spunti, problematiche, interrogativi incontrati nel corso di due diverse attività di ricerca. L’una partiva da San Zulian e dal suo cantiere avviato negli anni Cinquanta del Cinquecento, dove i merciai sono apparsi figure chiave che lasciarono un segno indelebile in quanto committenti artistici, l’altra partiva dalla corporazione dei merciai per cui la chiesa di San Zulian e la contrada eponima erano luoghi privilegiati per l’attività commerciale ma anche per le pratiche devozionali. Da questi due studi è emersa l’esistenza di un gruppo di individui, un’élite precisamente riconoscibile in mezzo alla folla anonima dei parrocchiani, che rappresenta di fatto una sorta di oligarchia partecipativa, capace di condizionare i destini della corporazione e della variegata comunità di San Zulian. Di fatto proprio questo gruppo detta delle strategie ben precise, tanto economiche quanto artistiche, per affermare il proprio potere, ottenere il dovuto riconoscimento e soddisfare un desiderio di autorappresentazione.

Historia de la familia, historia social Experiencias de investigacion en España y en Europa (siglos XVI-XIX), Edited by Francisco García González ; Sandro Guzzi-Heeb (eds.), 2023, 2023

Mélanges de l'École française de Rome. Moyen Âge

This study investigates two key economic structures of pre-modern societies, family and the guild... more This study investigates two key economic structures of pre-modern societies, family and the guilds, in 16 th-century Venice. More specifically, I explore the origin and consolidation of the mercers' guild elite through various forms of kinship, focusing on the case of two parishes in the centre of Venice: San Zulian and San Salvador. In order to do this, I will reconstruct matrimonial ties and other forms of spiritual parenthood-such as the choice of godparents and wedding witnesses-while assessing their influence on the governance of the guild. Two other fundamental aspects will also be highlighted, namely the role of charitable institutions in both the process of integration into the guild and the evolution of family structure.

Apprenticeship, Work, Society in Early Modern Venice, Edited By Anna Bellavitis, Valentina Sapienza,London - New York, Routledge, 2023

Recent studies have shown that, in Venice, guilds' statutes contained precise rules on regulated ... more Recent studies have shown that, in Venice, guilds' statutes contained precise rules on regulated apprenticeships, 1 unlike what has been observed in other medieval and modern Italian cities, where most guilds do not make mention of any sort of apprenticeship. 2 Against a background that seems to be an exception to this prevailing trend, the statutes of the mercers' guild-i.e., an important guild of merchants-did not regulate the apprenticeship of his members. 3 While an article dated 15 March 1636 mentions a demonstration of skills required to be able to perform a mercer's job, this test does not seem to be necessary in order to join the mercers' guild, given that "This art being diff erent from any other, everyone can enter into it without any proof or other requisite". 4 As this quotation clearly points out, in 1636, rather than a lack of apprenticeship rules or a lack of a demonstration of ability, no entry requirements were necessary. Marked by a merchandise eclecticism at the confl uence of multiple activities, mercers break away from the classic defi nition of a guild. Indeed, a guild ordinarily grouped together individuals who belonged to the same trade. However, what sets apart mercery is its inadequacy in satisfying this commonly held defi nition, as there is a gap between mercery seen as a structured guild and the individuals entered into this guild who perform diff erent jobs. Thanks to the rule introduced in 1446, mercers secured a monopoly on sales of all manufactured goods. This rule, however, risked turning mercers into debtors vis-à-vis artisans and many other guilds, in addition to causing numerous jurisdictional confl icts. In fact, mercers had the right to market any products manufactured by guilds that were scattered around the city, including those products made by small groups of specialised artisans who were not grouped into trades and who did not enjoy institutional recognition by the Republic. This newly introduced rule defi ned mercery as a merchant guild, while the absence of any entry requirement allowed the mercers' guild to establish a hierarchy vis-à-vis the world of artisans and small traders, who would remain subordinate to it. Although apprenticeship was not compulsory, recent research has confi rmed the presence of numerous apprenticeship contracts for mercers. 5 This shows that regulated apprenticeships were a practice that the guild's statutes did not legislate on. This chapter therefore addresses the theme of apprenticeship in a job that officially did not require it. 6 My goal is thus twofold: to question, on the one hand, the

Dans les règles du métier. Les acteurs des normes professionnelles au Moyen Age et à l’époque moderne,Philippe Bernardi; Corine Maitte; François Rivière, New Digital Frontiers, pp. 83-101, 2020

Les études sur les corporations et les confréries dévotes en Europe ont souligné le mimétisme ent... more Les études sur les corporations et les confréries dévotes en Europe ont souligné le mimétisme entre le fonctionnement interne de ces associations et le système électoral développé dans les modèles de gouvernement urbains à l’époque moderne. A Venise, l’histoire politique et sociale détaille la manière dont le gouvernement à la fin du Moyen Age, se renforce par la mise en place d’un arsenal réglementaire important. Dans cette même veine, les corporations, les confréries professionnelles ou religieuses à Venise ont longtemps été décrites par l’historiographie comme de « petites républiques » fonctionnant sur le modèle de la cité-Etat. A l’image des débats qui animèrent chaque jours les séances du grand conseil, le « processus de fabrication du droit » à l’intérieur des corporations est le résultat d’une construction ouverte des normes professionnelles. Les normes désignent ici le droit, les pratiques mais également les valeurs qui règlent la conduite des acteurs à l’intérieur d’un corps de métier.Notre communication se propose d’étudier l’élaboration des règles de métiers en comparant deux groupes professionnels distincts à Venise au début de l’époque moderne : Les merciers d’une part, corps pluriprofessionnel regroupant en son sein des effectifs nombreux, et les membres d’un traghetto de l’autre, petit collectif de gondoliers transportant des passagers dans le périmètre d’une station. Il s’agira donc de comprendre ici, à des échelles et à des degrés d’incorporation différents, comment la normativité des professions de ces professions est le résultat d’accommodements, de discussion et de débats entre les acteurs

Gender, Law and Economic Well-Being in Europe from the Fifteenth to the Nineteenth Century. North versus South?,a cura di Anna Bellavitis; Beatrice Zucca Micheletto, London and New York, Routledge, 2019

Cet article tente de mettre en relief le rôle des femmes dans l'économie vénitienne du XVIe siècl... more Cet article tente de mettre en relief le rôle des femmes dans l'économie vénitienne du XVIe siècle. Après une brève introduction, l’article aborde le travail des femmes sous différents angles. La première partie de l’article donne un aperçu de la réglementation imposées par les guildes concernant le travail des femmes. La seconde et la dernière partie traitent des stratégies commerciales des boutiquières, tant d'un point de vue qualitatif que quantitatif.

Apprendistato e formazione tra Venezia e l’Europa in età moderna, a cura di Anna Bellavitis, Martina Frank, Valentina Sapienza, Mantova, Universitas Studiorum, 2017

Until the collapse of the Republic of Venice in 1797, the mariegole have regulated the functionin... more Until the collapse of the Republic of Venice in 1797, the mariegole have regulated the functioning and the organization of crafts and their artisans. In the norms of these statutes are stipulated the rules of apprenticeship that young people eager to access mastery have to follow. By considering the cases of four luxury crafts – mirror makers, glassmakers, weavers and jewellers – between the 15th and 16th centuries, I endeavour to bring out the main features of the formation of Venetian craftsmen and the transmission of knowledge

The MAR.VEN. project aims to provide a tool for thematic exploration and research, ensuring schol... more The MAR.VEN. project aims to provide a tool for thematic exploration and research, ensuring
scholars direct access to a selected group of statutes of Venetian guilds from the modern era, appropriately digitized. This allows for the retrieval of a wide range of information organized by theme, including apprenticeship, institutional duties, or other social functions. The intervention aims to illustrate the project's development and present the implemented research tool.

Questo intervento nasce dall’intenzione di mettere insieme diversi spunti, problematiche, interro... more Questo intervento nasce dall’intenzione di mettere insieme diversi spunti, problematiche, interrogativi incontrati nel corso di due diverse attività di ricerca. L’una partiva da San Zulian e dal suo cantiere avviato negli anni Cinquanta del Cinquecento, dove i merciai sono apparsi figure chiave che lasciarono un segno indelebile in quanto committenti artistici, l’altra partiva dalla corporazione dei merciai per cui la chiesa di San Zulian e la contrada eponima erano luoghi privilegiati per l’attività commerciale ma anche per le pratiche devozionali. Da questi due studi è emersa l’esistenza di un gruppo di individui, un’élite precisamente riconoscibile in mezzo alla folla anonima dei parrocchiani, che rappresenta di fatto una sorta di oligarchia partecipativa, capace di condizionare i destini della corporazione e della variegata comunità di San Zulian. Di fatto proprio questo gruppo detta delle strategie ben precise, tanto economiche quanto artistiche, per affermare il proprio potere, ottenere il dovuto riconoscimento e soddisfare un desiderio di autorappresentazione.