madhab gautam | TU, Nepal (original) (raw)

Papers by madhab gautam

E3S web of conferences, Dec 31, 2022

Synthetic water repellent (WRep) generally blocks the ingress of corrosive factors like moisture ... more Synthetic water repellent (WRep) generally blocks the ingress of corrosive factors like moisture and various gases to the reinforced steel (RS) surface through the concrete pores. Mixing such WReps in the concrete mix did not affect the anti-corrosive response to the RS infrastructures. Considering such consequences, the present work explored the uses of two synthetic water repellents (e.g., WRep-A & WRep-B) and plant-derived green inhibitors to control the corrosion stability level of the RS in the concrete matrix. The broader question of the work is to know whether the water-repellent affects the anti-degradation response to the steel in concrete at the same patterns as commonly practiced in the concrete matrix or differently when the cast reinforced concretes exposed to water-repellent suspension for a certain curing time. The concrete slab exposed for one week to the suspension mixture of 1000 ppm WRep-B+Mangifera indica (WRep-B+MILE) and 1000 ppm WRep-B+Psidium guajava (WRep-B+PGLE) extracts exhibited maximum anti-corrosive response, which is justified by corrosion potential shifting to a more positive potential zone where the reinforced steel corrosion damage state rated as <10% probability and anticipated more effective corrosion inhibiting activities compared to other concentrations used in this work.

Tribhuvan Journal, Nov 29, 2023

Nepalese market has witnessed an impressive upsurge in the production and consumption of a variet... more Nepalese market has witnessed an impressive upsurge in the production and consumption of a variety of soaps in recent times since 2022 after covid pandemic. The physicochemical parameterization determines the quality, competency and cleaning properties of soap so that we urge sagacious use of these soaps to keep skin healthy. Due to scant knowledge about the quality of soaps, there is need to assess them. Ten parameters namely foam height,

Oils are unsaturated triglycerides or lipids which are liquid at room temperature. The physicoche... more Oils are unsaturated triglycerides or lipids which are liquid at room temperature. The physicochemical parameters of oils should be analyzed to assess the quality and functionality of the oil. The parameters like saponification value, acid value, iodine value, and insoluble impurities can identify characteristics of edible vegetable oils available in Nepali market whose characteristics remain indistinct and for this, the quality of individual edible oil also remains unknown. Objective of this research work is to get idea about other applicability of vegetable oils instead of commonly used mustard oils. Five different branded and certified samples of oils: coconut oil, olive oil, castor oil, soybean oil and sunflower oil were collected from different shops of Tansen bazaar for quality analysis. The saponification values, acid values, iodine values and percentage insoluble impurities of the selected oil samples were recorded in the range (178.54-284.70) mg KOH/gm, (0.48-4.48) mg KOH/gm, (8.75-141.2) mg KOH/gm and (0.004-0.078) % respectively. This study showed that all the selected five samples of oils are very good for soap making process or studied coconut oil was observed to produce the best quality soap. Analyzed olive oil was not consumable or good as skin care product either. This study had recommended public not to use pre-heated oil more than one time and also, analyzed sunflower oil had been recommended as the best suitable for all purposes among all samples of oils under study from Tansen.

Macromolecular Symposia

Competence to combat corrosion of steel‐reinforced concrete (SRC) infrastructures for long period... more Competence to combat corrosion of steel‐reinforced concrete (SRC) infrastructures for long periods has become a fascinating topic for corrosion scientists. The longevity of such infrastructures is limited mainly by the corrosion process. Hence, urgent demands for developing effective and practical methods are necessary to minimize the corrosion of such concrete structures. The anti‐corrosive components can be designed from the green plants' parts to mitigate the SRC corrosion in recent years. The ongoing research aims to substantiate the success of the leaf extract of Psidium guajava (LEPG) and its 50% blend (BnD) with the leaf extract of Mangifera indica (LEMI) for assessing the steel corrosion condition in a concrete slab. For this purpose, a fast corrosion potential monitoring (CPM) method is applied per the ASTM procedure. Outcomes of the work summarized that the additions of 500–4000 ppm LEPG and its 50% BnD blend have significant corrosion‐inhibiting action. The corrosion ...

A lot of corrosion failures were observed in municipal potable water supply system using buried g... more A lot of corrosion failures were observed in municipal potable water supply system using buried galvanized steel or cast-iron pipelines in urban roadway areas of Nepal. It is very urgent to investigate corrosivity parameters of soil and to evaluate glimpse of corrosion risk in Tansen municipality. Several physical and chemical parameters of soils were determined for thirty samples at two different depths in Batasedanda-Tansen Buspark-Pravas roadway area of Tansen Municipality according to ASTM standard. The soil parameters were found as: moisture (5.69-17.70) %, pH (7.29-9.93), resistivity (2003.7-59171.59) Ohm.cm, chloride (32.10-260.62) ppm and sulphate (105-258) ppm, gave an indication of mildly corrosive to non-corrosive nature of soils on the buried pipes. Thus, the undisturbed soil at 0.5 m depth and disturbed soil at (0.5-1.0) m depth seems the best for metallic pipelines due to sandy or non-corrosive nature of the soil. Furthermore, simple modification to soils with cheapest materials like sand or gravel for burying metallic pipelines is the good in this study area to increase their life time for long times after soil testing if possible.

Tribhuvan Journal

Milk is a source of Lactose, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, minerals, etc. This work was carried out t... more Milk is a source of Lactose, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, minerals, etc. This work was carried out to estimate and compare the physicochemical parameters of fresh milk and boiled milk of Human (woman), Cow, Buffalo and Goat of Palpa after one month of their pregnancy time in December, 2018and to compare these parameters with their standard values. These were analyzed using standard literature methods. I t has been determined that Fresh Human milk has 8.16 pH, 7.7 % Lactose, 3.30 %, Fat, 85 % Water, and 0.036mg Chloride, Fresh Cow milk has 6.68 pH, 3.7 % Lactose, 3.71 % Fat, 90 % Water, and 0.035mg Chloride, Fresh Buffalo milk has 6.07 pH, 3.8 % Lactose, 5.84 % Fat, 90 % Water, and 0.037 mg Chloride and Fresh Goat Milk has 6.81 pH, 3.1 % Lactose, 4.93 % Fat, 83.25 % Water, and 0.036 mg Chloride but 7.50 pH, 7.6 % Lactose, 3.11 %Fat, 71 % Water and 0.03249 mg Chloride in Human milk, 6.24 pH, 3.3 % Lactose, 3.21 % Fat, 79.5 % Water, and 0.03427 mg Chloride in Cow milk, 5.54 pH, 3.1 % Lact...

Tribhuvan University Journal, 2021

Assessment of the corrosion condition of different types of eighty steel-reinforced concrete (SRC... more Assessment of the corrosion condition of different types of eighty steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) structures of Pokhara Valley (Nepal) was carried out in the present study using a half-cell potential measurement (HCPM) method without destruction of specimens. It is concluded from the experimental results that the SRC structures found at dried places in Pokhara areas showed a low percentage(i.e., < 10%) of corrosion risk, while the fencing pillars used for decoration as well as boundary purposes, and the sewer pipes at damp places found under the high percentage (i.e., > 90%) of corrosion risk. The SRC infrastructures, which have rough and cracked surfaces with high humid surrounding environments, are at high risk of corrosion. The SRC columns of the buildings in Pokhara Valley are at a slightly higher corrosion risk than the SRC roof structures.

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology, 2014

Soil parameters such as moisture, pH, resistivity, oxidation-reduction potential, chloride and su... more Soil parameters such as moisture, pH, resistivity, oxidation-reduction potential, chloride and sulfate ions were investigated, because these parameters affect the corrosive nature of soils toward the buried-galvanized steels and cast-iron pipelines used to supply drinking water in Tanglaphant-Tribhuvan University Campus-Balkhu areas of Kirtipur. The soil parameters examined in the study areas are found as: moisture (7-48%), pH (7.0-7.9), resistivity (6,300-37,000 ohm.cm), oxidation-reduction potential (307-490 mV vs SHE), chloride (13-92 ppm) and sulfate (62-309 ppm) contents. The results gave an indication of mildly corrosive to non-corrosive nature of soils on the buried galvanized steels and cast-iron pipes used to supply drinking water in the study areas of Kirtipur. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v14i2.10417 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 14, No. 2 (2013) 65-72

Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention

Soil parameters such as moisture, pH, resistivity, oxidation-reduction potential, chloride and su... more Soil parameters such as moisture, pH, resistivity, oxidation-reduction potential, chloride and sulfate ions were investigated, because these parameters affect the corrosive nature of soils toward the buried-galvanized steels and cast-iron pipelines used to supply drinking water in Tanglaphant-Tribhuvan University Campus-Balkhu areas of Kirtipur. The soil parameters examined in the study areas are found as: moisture (7-48%), pH (7.0-7.9), resistivity (6,300-37,000 ohm.cm), oxidation-reduction potential (307-490 mV vs SHE), chloride (13-92 ppm) and sulfate (62-309 ppm) contents. The results gave an indication of mildly corrosive to non-corrosive nature of soils on the buried-galvanized steels and cast-iron pipes used to supply drinking water in the study areas of Kirtipur.

E3S web of conferences, Dec 31, 2022

Synthetic water repellent (WRep) generally blocks the ingress of corrosive factors like moisture ... more Synthetic water repellent (WRep) generally blocks the ingress of corrosive factors like moisture and various gases to the reinforced steel (RS) surface through the concrete pores. Mixing such WReps in the concrete mix did not affect the anti-corrosive response to the RS infrastructures. Considering such consequences, the present work explored the uses of two synthetic water repellents (e.g., WRep-A & WRep-B) and plant-derived green inhibitors to control the corrosion stability level of the RS in the concrete matrix. The broader question of the work is to know whether the water-repellent affects the anti-degradation response to the steel in concrete at the same patterns as commonly practiced in the concrete matrix or differently when the cast reinforced concretes exposed to water-repellent suspension for a certain curing time. The concrete slab exposed for one week to the suspension mixture of 1000 ppm WRep-B+Mangifera indica (WRep-B+MILE) and 1000 ppm WRep-B+Psidium guajava (WRep-B+PGLE) extracts exhibited maximum anti-corrosive response, which is justified by corrosion potential shifting to a more positive potential zone where the reinforced steel corrosion damage state rated as <10% probability and anticipated more effective corrosion inhibiting activities compared to other concentrations used in this work.

Tribhuvan Journal, Nov 29, 2023

Nepalese market has witnessed an impressive upsurge in the production and consumption of a variet... more Nepalese market has witnessed an impressive upsurge in the production and consumption of a variety of soaps in recent times since 2022 after covid pandemic. The physicochemical parameterization determines the quality, competency and cleaning properties of soap so that we urge sagacious use of these soaps to keep skin healthy. Due to scant knowledge about the quality of soaps, there is need to assess them. Ten parameters namely foam height,

Oils are unsaturated triglycerides or lipids which are liquid at room temperature. The physicoche... more Oils are unsaturated triglycerides or lipids which are liquid at room temperature. The physicochemical parameters of oils should be analyzed to assess the quality and functionality of the oil. The parameters like saponification value, acid value, iodine value, and insoluble impurities can identify characteristics of edible vegetable oils available in Nepali market whose characteristics remain indistinct and for this, the quality of individual edible oil also remains unknown. Objective of this research work is to get idea about other applicability of vegetable oils instead of commonly used mustard oils. Five different branded and certified samples of oils: coconut oil, olive oil, castor oil, soybean oil and sunflower oil were collected from different shops of Tansen bazaar for quality analysis. The saponification values, acid values, iodine values and percentage insoluble impurities of the selected oil samples were recorded in the range (178.54-284.70) mg KOH/gm, (0.48-4.48) mg KOH/gm, (8.75-141.2) mg KOH/gm and (0.004-0.078) % respectively. This study showed that all the selected five samples of oils are very good for soap making process or studied coconut oil was observed to produce the best quality soap. Analyzed olive oil was not consumable or good as skin care product either. This study had recommended public not to use pre-heated oil more than one time and also, analyzed sunflower oil had been recommended as the best suitable for all purposes among all samples of oils under study from Tansen.

Macromolecular Symposia

Competence to combat corrosion of steel‐reinforced concrete (SRC) infrastructures for long period... more Competence to combat corrosion of steel‐reinforced concrete (SRC) infrastructures for long periods has become a fascinating topic for corrosion scientists. The longevity of such infrastructures is limited mainly by the corrosion process. Hence, urgent demands for developing effective and practical methods are necessary to minimize the corrosion of such concrete structures. The anti‐corrosive components can be designed from the green plants' parts to mitigate the SRC corrosion in recent years. The ongoing research aims to substantiate the success of the leaf extract of Psidium guajava (LEPG) and its 50% blend (BnD) with the leaf extract of Mangifera indica (LEMI) for assessing the steel corrosion condition in a concrete slab. For this purpose, a fast corrosion potential monitoring (CPM) method is applied per the ASTM procedure. Outcomes of the work summarized that the additions of 500–4000 ppm LEPG and its 50% BnD blend have significant corrosion‐inhibiting action. The corrosion ...

A lot of corrosion failures were observed in municipal potable water supply system using buried g... more A lot of corrosion failures were observed in municipal potable water supply system using buried galvanized steel or cast-iron pipelines in urban roadway areas of Nepal. It is very urgent to investigate corrosivity parameters of soil and to evaluate glimpse of corrosion risk in Tansen municipality. Several physical and chemical parameters of soils were determined for thirty samples at two different depths in Batasedanda-Tansen Buspark-Pravas roadway area of Tansen Municipality according to ASTM standard. The soil parameters were found as: moisture (5.69-17.70) %, pH (7.29-9.93), resistivity (2003.7-59171.59) Ohm.cm, chloride (32.10-260.62) ppm and sulphate (105-258) ppm, gave an indication of mildly corrosive to non-corrosive nature of soils on the buried pipes. Thus, the undisturbed soil at 0.5 m depth and disturbed soil at (0.5-1.0) m depth seems the best for metallic pipelines due to sandy or non-corrosive nature of the soil. Furthermore, simple modification to soils with cheapest materials like sand or gravel for burying metallic pipelines is the good in this study area to increase their life time for long times after soil testing if possible.

Tribhuvan Journal

Milk is a source of Lactose, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, minerals, etc. This work was carried out t... more Milk is a source of Lactose, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, minerals, etc. This work was carried out to estimate and compare the physicochemical parameters of fresh milk and boiled milk of Human (woman), Cow, Buffalo and Goat of Palpa after one month of their pregnancy time in December, 2018and to compare these parameters with their standard values. These were analyzed using standard literature methods. I t has been determined that Fresh Human milk has 8.16 pH, 7.7 % Lactose, 3.30 %, Fat, 85 % Water, and 0.036mg Chloride, Fresh Cow milk has 6.68 pH, 3.7 % Lactose, 3.71 % Fat, 90 % Water, and 0.035mg Chloride, Fresh Buffalo milk has 6.07 pH, 3.8 % Lactose, 5.84 % Fat, 90 % Water, and 0.037 mg Chloride and Fresh Goat Milk has 6.81 pH, 3.1 % Lactose, 4.93 % Fat, 83.25 % Water, and 0.036 mg Chloride but 7.50 pH, 7.6 % Lactose, 3.11 %Fat, 71 % Water and 0.03249 mg Chloride in Human milk, 6.24 pH, 3.3 % Lactose, 3.21 % Fat, 79.5 % Water, and 0.03427 mg Chloride in Cow milk, 5.54 pH, 3.1 % Lact...

Tribhuvan University Journal, 2021

Assessment of the corrosion condition of different types of eighty steel-reinforced concrete (SRC... more Assessment of the corrosion condition of different types of eighty steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) structures of Pokhara Valley (Nepal) was carried out in the present study using a half-cell potential measurement (HCPM) method without destruction of specimens. It is concluded from the experimental results that the SRC structures found at dried places in Pokhara areas showed a low percentage(i.e., < 10%) of corrosion risk, while the fencing pillars used for decoration as well as boundary purposes, and the sewer pipes at damp places found under the high percentage (i.e., > 90%) of corrosion risk. The SRC infrastructures, which have rough and cracked surfaces with high humid surrounding environments, are at high risk of corrosion. The SRC columns of the buildings in Pokhara Valley are at a slightly higher corrosion risk than the SRC roof structures.

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology, 2014

Soil parameters such as moisture, pH, resistivity, oxidation-reduction potential, chloride and su... more Soil parameters such as moisture, pH, resistivity, oxidation-reduction potential, chloride and sulfate ions were investigated, because these parameters affect the corrosive nature of soils toward the buried-galvanized steels and cast-iron pipelines used to supply drinking water in Tanglaphant-Tribhuvan University Campus-Balkhu areas of Kirtipur. The soil parameters examined in the study areas are found as: moisture (7-48%), pH (7.0-7.9), resistivity (6,300-37,000 ohm.cm), oxidation-reduction potential (307-490 mV vs SHE), chloride (13-92 ppm) and sulfate (62-309 ppm) contents. The results gave an indication of mildly corrosive to non-corrosive nature of soils on the buried galvanized steels and cast-iron pipes used to supply drinking water in the study areas of Kirtipur. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v14i2.10417 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 14, No. 2 (2013) 65-72

Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention

Soil parameters such as moisture, pH, resistivity, oxidation-reduction potential, chloride and su... more Soil parameters such as moisture, pH, resistivity, oxidation-reduction potential, chloride and sulfate ions were investigated, because these parameters affect the corrosive nature of soils toward the buried-galvanized steels and cast-iron pipelines used to supply drinking water in Tanglaphant-Tribhuvan University Campus-Balkhu areas of Kirtipur. The soil parameters examined in the study areas are found as: moisture (7-48%), pH (7.0-7.9), resistivity (6,300-37,000 ohm.cm), oxidation-reduction potential (307-490 mV vs SHE), chloride (13-92 ppm) and sulfate (62-309 ppm) contents. The results gave an indication of mildly corrosive to non-corrosive nature of soils on the buried-galvanized steels and cast-iron pipes used to supply drinking water in the study areas of Kirtipur.