Maria Ivchenkova | Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (original) (raw)

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Papers by Maria Ivchenkova

Science. Culture. Society

The transformations of modern society with its rapid informatization and digitalization form a ne... more The transformations of modern society with its rapid informatization and digitalization form a new social demand for analyzing present and future. A figure of an expert appears more and more often as a producer of special expert knowledge in public policy and everyday practices. Namely, expert knowledge becomes in demand and acquires the so-called symbolic capital. This paper deals with a retrospective review of understanding the phenomenon of expert knowledge in the theoretical concepts of the classics of sociological science. In addition, the article presents a theoretical and methodological analysis of the work of Russian social researchers dealing with the issues of expert knowledge in modern Russian society. As a result of theoretical concepts analyzing it is concluded that expert knowledge is a complex multifaceted social phenomenon, the history of which goes back to antiquity and develops over the centuries. First of all, expert knowledge is a set of skills and abilities that...

Izvestiya of Saratov University. Sociology. Politology

The article reveals the methodological and methodical features of the expert survey and its role ... more The article reveals the methodological and methodical features of the expert survey and its role in sociological research. The advantages and limitations of using the results of the experts survey as a multivariant complex process both from the methodological and methodical points of view of the research process were substantiated. The requirements for its organization and conduct, including the requirements for the competence of experts, are presented. It is shown that its advantages lie in the possibility of obtaining new reliable information, deep interpretation, explanation, forecasting of the phenomena and processes under study, development of practical recommendations from non-standard positions. Particular emphasis is placed on the problems and mistakes in the implementation of various types of expert survey in sociology. Today, this method helps to diagnose, model, design and predict the state of real objects and processes, including employee certification processes. Moreove...

Izvestiya of Saratov University. Sociology. Politology, 2021

The article refers to the works of O. N. Yanitskiy, Zh. T. Toschenko and S. A. Kravchenko that ar... more The article refers to the works of O. N. Yanitskiy, Zh. T. Toschenko and S. A. Kravchenko that are focused on modern world social processes, particularly in modern Russia. The purpose of the article is to identify the general and specific views of modern Russian sociologists on the role of scientific knowledge in developing Russian society. The importance of scientific knowledge in the political processes (O. N. Yanitskiy), in the process of developing and implementing the national government strategy (Zh. T. Toshchenko) and, in the most general sense, at the level of social dynamics (S. A. Kravchenko) is out of question. All three authors agree that the progressive development of society is largely determined by the development of the institute of science. Zh. T. Toshchenko hightlights the important role of scientific knowledge in trauma society. O. N. Yanitskiy shows specific mechanisms for the production of social and scientific knowledge and its inclusion in political processes....

RUDN Journal of Sociology, Dec 15, 2019

VESTNIK INSTITUTA SOTZIOLOGII, 2019

An information society sets new vectors for the development of all socio-political and socio-econ... more An information society sets new vectors for the development of all socio-political and socio-economic institutions. The efficiency and professionalism with which these institutions implement communication technologies into their practices and adapt to challenges of the modern world determine its potential and further development. This article examines the operation of such a socio-political institution as a “think tank”, given conditions of the internet’s ever growing importance and the expansion of social media. Traditionally “think tanks”, or “analytical centers”, are considered by political experts and specialists in international affairs to be components of political systems, however, the expansion and development of such organizations all around the world, together with their increasing functional capacity, leads to the need for interpreting the place and role in society of such think tanks from a sociological standpoint. This article examines them as a socio-political institut...

Sociology. Politology, 2018

В статье представлен обзор основных подходов и концепций глобализации, который подводит нас к пон... more В статье представлен обзор основных подходов и концепций глобализации, который подводит нас к пониманию, что общество знания может возникнуть и развиваться только в глобальном и информационном обществе. Концепция общества знания позволяет осознать невозможность глобализации без развития информационно-коммуникативных, сетевых технологий. Верно и обратное. Таким образом, становление общества знания и глобализация-это взаимодополняемые элементы. Рассуждая о взаимосвязи глобализации и общества знания, необходимо учитывать рост значимости не только научного, но и обыденного знания, а также фиксировать возможные риски, связанные с глобализацией и развитием науки. Ключевые слова: глобализация, общество знания, глобальное общество знания, новые политические практики.

espanolEl articulo analiza los resultados de la encuesta sociologica sobre las estimaciones de la... more espanolEl articulo analiza los resultados de la encuesta sociologica sobre las estimaciones de la realizacion de los derechos civiles y libertades por la poblacion de las regiones rusas (en el ejemplo de la ciudad de Saratov). Se detectan los problemas que mas afectan a los rusos, se revela la influencia de la edad, de los ingresos a las diferentes estimaciones de estos problemas. Se demuestra la necesidad de encontrar e implementar nuevas tecnologias para mejorar la efectividad de la labor de derechos humanos por las correspondientes instituciones del estado. EnglishIn this article are being analyzed the results of sociological poll about estimations of the realization of civil laws and freedoms by the population in Russian regions (on the example of the city of Saratov). The problems which affect Russians most frequently are detected; the influence of age, the income on these estimations is revealed. The necessity for search and implementation of modern technologies of increase in...

Izv. Saratov Univ. (N. S.), Ser. Sociology. Politology, 2018

The article covers an overview of the main approaches and concepts of globalization, that giving ... more The article covers an overview of the main approaches and concepts of globalization, that giving an understanding of development
the knowledge society only in the global and information society.
The concept of the knowledge society makes it possible to realize
the impossibility of globalization without the development of information, communication and network technologies. The opposite is also
true. Thus, the knowledge society development and globalization are
becoming complementary elements. Arguing about the relationship
between globalization and the knowledge society it is necessary to
consider the growing importance of not only scientific but also ordinary knowledge, and also to fix the possible risks associated with
globalization and the development of science

Vestnik instituta sotziologii, 2019

Information society sets new directions for development of all social, political and economic in... more Information society sets new directions for development of all social, political and economic institutions.
An efficiency and further development of any social institution will depend on how readily and professionally it
implements new informational and communicative technologies and adopts them to the reality of the modern world.
This article is invited to review functions of social and political institution - think tank - in the context of increasing
role of Internet and social media expansion. Traditionally think tanks (or analytical centers) are studied by political
scientists and experts in international relations as elements of political systems. With think tanks development
and spread around the world and also with evolution of their functions there is a need for sociological reflection
on place and role of think tanks in the society. The author considers think tanks as a socio-political institution that
generates and provides significant information to the authorities and to the society. According to author’s opinion,
the key function of think tanks is communication in which the social capacity of think tanks consists as an element
of public consciousness development and democratic society promotion. To access the functioning of analytical
centers in Russia, the author refers to the results of Global Go To Think Tank Index. In general, Russian think tanks
are highly recognized by foreign experts all though having their specific characteristics. The majority of think tanks
in Russia are government affiliated or organized on the base of Russian Academy of Science and universities The
scope of Russian analytical centers’ research mainly includes issues on foreign policy, international relations and
world economy. Sociological analysis of current social processes is presented fragmental in the agenda. Russian think
tanks are poorly represented in informational space. Russian think tanks make little use of modern communicative
technologies that has an impact on expert community isolation from the society.

RUDN JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY, 2019

Ethnic-confessional relationships in multiethnic regions are dynamic and influenced by globalizat... more Ethnic-confessional relationships in multiethnic regions are dynamic and influenced by globalization and the growth of horizontal mobility, and also by everyday practices. All these factors structure the public opinion in a certain way and determine the degree of tolerance of the regions and Russia as a whole. The article aims at assessing the level of ethnic-confessional tolerance in the multiethnic Saratov Region. The article presents the results of the sociological survey conducted in March 2018 in the city of Saratov and eleven districts of the Saratov Region. According to the survey’s results, the degree of acceptance of a person of a different nationality is inversely proportional to the size of social distance. The level of the religious tolerance is also high, but does not correlate with the size of social distance. According to the data, the vast majority of respondents did not encounter violations of national or religious rights, and among those who actually experienced national discrimination (personally or in close social circle) it was expressed in the form of ignoring, insulting, difficulties when looking for employment, threats and physical abuse. In general, the low prevalence of direct forms of negative ethnic-religious attitudes proves the high level of tolerance in the Saratov Region. Interethnic relations of the Saratovites with representatives of the Caucasian peoples are more prone to conflicts than with representatives of peoples traditionally settled in the region (Ukrainians, Tatars, Kazakhs, Jews, Bashkirs, Volga Germans). Despite the prevailing positive assessments of the national policy, it still needs to take into account the features of the Saratov Region.