Rajesh Mondal | University of Florida (original) (raw)

Papers by Rajesh Mondal

Biomedical Dermatology, 2020

Hypertrophic scars (HTS) are raised, red, rigid, inflexible cell-like, and cosmetic problems prec... more Hypertrophic scars (HTS) are raised, red, rigid, inflexible cell-like, and cosmetic problems precipitated due to multiple underlying dermal injuries such as burn, surgery, and trauma during which aberrant wound healing with more pathological deposition of the extracellular matrix than degradation leads to their spawning. Till date, well established and specific treatments for HTS have not been reported; hence, the need of recent developments is thrusted with novel drug delivery vision. This review will try to encompass all the agogs to HTS, definition, pathophysiology, mechanism of hypertrophic scar formation, the role of growth factors in hypertrophic scarring, and their difference with keloids. Further, it will illuminate the available medicaments and recent advances in novel topical drug delivery systems such as ethosomes, transethosomes, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and microsponges for treatment of HTS.

Control and Optimization of Renewable Energy Systems / 860: Mechatronics and Control, 2019

International Journal of Microbiology, 2020

Optimal recovery of mycobacteria from the contaminated liquid culture is a challenge. While alter... more Optimal recovery of mycobacteria from the contaminated liquid culture is a challenge. While alternative methods have been suggested to reduce the rate of contamination in the BACTEC MGIT 960 system, reprocessing the contaminated liquid culture improves recovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Among 793 MGIT cultures raised from as many sputum specimens after primary decontamination by the standard NaLC-NaOH method, valid results were available for 687 (86.6%) as 106 (13.4%) were contaminated. Reprocessing and reculturing of the contaminated cultures increased valid results to 739 (93.2%) and reduced the contamination rate to 6.8%. Both values were statistically significant. Recovery of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex increased from 45.6% to 48.4%. Valid negative results were available for an additional 3.4%. The method may be adopted to reduce the rate of contamination and to improve the valid culture results for mycobacteria.

Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2019

$Research paper thumbnail of {"__content__"=>" inhibits bone loss and increases bone heterogeneity in osteoporotic mice via modulating Treg-Th17 cell balance.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Lactobacillus acidophilus"}}$

Bone reports, 2018

Osteoporosis is one of the most important but often neglected bone disease associated with aging ... more Osteoporosis is one of the most important but often neglected bone disease associated with aging and postmenopausal condition leading to bone loss and fragility. Probiotics have been associated with various immunomodulatory properties and have the potential to ameliorate several inflammatory conditions including osteoporosis. (LA) was selected as probiotic of choice in our present study due its common availability and established immunomodulatory properties. In the present study, we report for the first time that administration of LA in ovariectomized (ovx) mice enhances both trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture along with increasing the mineral density and heterogeneity of bones. This effect of LA administration is due to its immunomodulatory effect on host immune system. LA thus skews the Treg-Th17 cell balance by inhibiting osteoclastogenic Th17 cells and promoting anti-osteoclastogenic Treg cells in ovx mice. LA administration also suppressed expression of osteoclastog...

The bispectrum can quantify the non-Gussianity present in the redshifted 21-cm signal produced by... more The bispectrum can quantify the non-Gussianity present in the redshifted 21-cm signal produced by the neutral hydrogen (HI) during the epoch of reionization (EoR). Motivated by this, we perform a comprehensive study of the EoR 21-cm bispectrum using simulated signals. Given a model of reionization, we demonstrate the behaviour of the bispectrum for all unique triangles in k space. For ease of identification of the unique triangles, we parametrize the k-triangle space with two parameters, namely the ratio of the two arms of the triangle (n=k_2/k_1) and the cosine of the angle between them (cosθ). Furthermore, for the first time, we quantify the impact of the redshift space distortions (RSD) on the spherically averaged EoR 21-cm bispectrum in the entire unique triangle space. We find that the real space signal bispectra for small and intermediate k_1-triangles (k_1 ≤ 0.6 Mpc^-1) is negative in most of the unique triangle space. It takes a positive sign for squeezed, stretched and line...

Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2008

Multi-drug resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates may be transmitted within communit... more Multi-drug resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates may be transmitted within communities due to dense population and poor hygienic conditions. For proper management and control of MDR-TB, understanding drug susceptibility pattern of M. tuberculosis isolates and their transmission pattern in every health care setting are essential. In the present study, we attempted to describe the current prevalence of MDR-TB in Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh, and our observations on transmission of MDR isolates among populations in and around this area. Patients diagnosed as that of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) were enrolled from primary level (PLH), secondary level (SLH) and tertiary level (TLH) healthcare centres from Lucknow district. Detailed history of intake of antitubercular drug in the past was taken to decipher initial/ acquired drug resistance. Sputum samples were cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen media to isolate mycobacteria. Drug susceptibility patterns of isolated M. tubercul...

Background & objectives: Clinical laboratories need to develop quick screening methods for detect... more Background & objectives: Clinical laboratories need to develop quick screening methods for detection of extended spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains, so that the appropriate medication can be started without delay. In this study, we report the screening sensitivity of four representative antimicrobial agents i.e., cefpodoxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam, commonly used for ESBL detection in Klebsiella spp. Methods: A total of 100 clinical isolates of Klebsiella spp. from the cases of neonatal septicaemia at a tertiary care hospital from north India, were screened for ESBL production by Kirby- Bauer’s disc diffusion (cefpodoxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test by agar dilution methods. Confirmation was done by double disc method. Results: Results showed that 58 of the 100 isolates tested were ESBL positive by confirmatory test and cefpodoxime was more efficient ESBL screening antimicrobial agent than ceftazid...

The Indian journal of medical research, 2007

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella spp led to se... more BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella spp led to serious concern about septicaemic neonates in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) due to high resistance against commonly used antimicrobial agents. Knowledge of disease burden and information on resistance to antimicrobials are required for proper management of such cases in NICUs. Here we report the prevalence and resistance pattern of ESBL producing Klebsiella spp isolated from cases of neonatal septicaemia at a tertiary care hospital from north India. METHODS A total of 100 clinical isolates of Klebsiella spp isolated from 2995 blood samples of suspected cases of neonatal septicaemia were studied. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by Kirby- Bauer's disc diffusion method. All isolates were screened for ESBL production on the basis of inhibition zone against cephotaxime (<27 mm) and ceftazidime (<22 mm) and a breakpoint of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (<...

The Indian journal of medical research, 2008

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Clinical laboratories need to develop quick screening methods for detectio... more BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Clinical laboratories need to develop quick screening methods for detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains, so that the appropriate medication can be started without delay. In this study, we report the screening sensitivity of four representative antimicrobial agents i.e., cefpodoxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam, commonly used for ESBL detection in Klebsiella spp. METHODS A total of 100 clinical isolates of Klebsiella spp. from the cases of neonatal septicaemia at a tertiary care hospital from north India, were screened for ESBL production by Kirby- Bauer's disc diffusion (cefpodoxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test by agar dilution methods. Confirmation was done by double disc method. RESULTS Results showed that 58 of the 100 isolates tested were ESBL positive by confirmatory test and cefpodoxime was more efficient ESBL screening antimicrobial agent than cefta...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are often plasmid mediated deri... more BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are often plasmid mediated derived from mutations in the classic TEM and SHV genes by one or more amino acid substitution around the active site. Detection of TEM and SHV genes by molecular methods in ESBL producing bacteria and their pattern of antimicrobial resistance can provide useful information about its epidemiology and risk factors associated with these infections. We investigated the presence of TEM and SHV genes in ESBL producing Klebsiella spp. and their antimicrobial resistance pattern in cases of neonatal septicaemia in a tertiary care hospital. METHODS A total of 130 clinical isolates of Klebsiella spp. isolated from septicaemic neonates of a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from a tertiary care hospital in north India, were screened for ESBL production by combined disk diffusion method. PCR was used to detect TEM and SHV genes in ESBL positive isolates. Isoelectric points of ESBL enzymes from a few i...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Ethambutol (EMB) resistance, thought to be occurring due to mutations in e... more BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Ethambutol (EMB) resistance, thought to be occurring due to mutations in embB gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on the rise is a cause of grave concern. The present study was planned to investigate the presence of EMB resistance in M. tuberculosis isolates and to look for prevalent mutations in embB gene. METHODS A total of 591(283 from new and 308 from previously treated cases) sputum samples from the same number of pulmonary tuberculosis cases were cultured. Isolates were tested by 1 per cent proportion method for resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin streptomycin and ethambutol. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EMB was measured by absolute concentration method. Ten randomly selected isolates were subjected to single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) and direct DNA sequencing to look for mutation in 364 bp segments of embB gene. RESULTS Of 353 isolates of M. tuberculosis from 591 sputum samples, 62 (17.58%) were resistant to EMB, of which, 16...

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

In India, the tribal population constitutes almost 8.6% of the nation's total population. Des... more In India, the tribal population constitutes almost 8.6% of the nation's total population. Despite their large presence, there are only a few reports available on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) strain prevalence in Indian tribal communities considering the mobile nature of this population and also the influence of the mainstream populations they coexist within many areas for their livelihood. This study attempts to provide critical information pertaining to the TB strain diversity, its public health implications, and distribution among the tribal population in eleven Indian states and Andaman & Nicobar (A&N) Island. The study employed a population-based molecular approach. Clinical isolates were received from 66 villages (10 states and Island) and these villages were selected by implying situation analysis. A total of 78 M. tb clinical isolates were received from 10 different states and A&N Island. Among these, 16 different strains were observed by spoligotyping technique. The major M. tb strains spoligotype belong to the Beijing, CAS1_DELHI, and EAI5 family of M. tb strains followed by EAI1_SOM, EAI6_BGD1, LAM3, LAM6, LAM9, T1, T2, U strains. Drug-susceptibility testing (DST) results showed almost 15.4% of clinical isolates found to be resistant to isoniazid (INH) or rifampicin (RMP) + INH. Predominant multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) isolates seem to be Beijing strain. Beijing, CAS1_DELHI, EAI3_IND, and EAI5 were the principal strains infecting mixed tribal populations across India. Despite the small sample size, this study has demonstrated higher diversity among the TB strains with significant MDR-TB findings. Prevalence of Beijing MDR-TB strains in Central, Southern, Eastern India and A&N Island indicates the transmission of the TB strains.

PLOS ONE

Background Tuberculosis (TB) prevalence surveys add to the active case detection in the community... more Background Tuberculosis (TB) prevalence surveys add to the active case detection in the community level burden of TB both national and regional levels. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in the community. Methods Household community-based tuberculosis disease survey was conducted targeting 69054 population from 43 villages of 5 blocks in Tiruvallure district adopting cluster sampling methodology of ≥15 years old adult rural population of South India during 2015–2018. All eligible individuals with suspected symptoms of PTB were screened with chest X-ray. Two sputum specimens (one spot and the other early morning sample) were collected for M.tb smear and culture examination. Conversely demographical, smoking and alcohol drinking habits information were also collected to explore the risk factor. Stepwise logistic regression was employed to associate risk factors for PTB. Results A total of 62494 were screened a...

Frontiers in Microbiology

International Journal of Mycobacteriology, 2019

Background: Bedaquiline (BDQ) is a new antituberculosis (TB) drug effectively used for the treatm... more Background: Bedaquiline (BDQ) is a new antituberculosis (TB) drug effectively used for the treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant TB. However, the reports on drug-susceptibility testing (DST) for BDQ are scarce. The study aimed to validate and standardize BDQ DST by BACTEC MGIT 960 system for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods: A panel of ten M. tuberculosis isolates comprising 8 BDQ sensitive and 2 BDQ resistant strains were used to test accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of BDQDST by MGIT 960. BDQ DST by Middlebrook 7H11 agar method using polystyrene tubes was used as a standard method to calculate the accuracy of the validation. Results: DST by MGIT for BDQ showed 100% accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility, although variations were observed in the growth units of the “test” MGIT tubes between technologist and drug stocks while testing for reproducibility. Conclusion: BDQ DST by MGIT 960 system is accurate, repeatable, and reproducible and hence can be implemented in certified laboratories routinely performing DST by MGIT 960 system.

European Journal of Integrative Medicine

Abstract Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and deserves ... more Abstract Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and deserves global attention to identify new effective drugs. The present in-vitro study is an attempt to explore the anti-TB potential of selected, commonly available, and well-known medicinal plants, namely, Lantana camara L., Euphorbia hirta L., Mukia maderaspatana (L.) M. Roem, and Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet known to have proven antimicrobial activity. Methods The cold extraction procedure was adopted for preparing the methanolic crude extracts from the four selected medicinal plants.The anti-tuberculosis activity of methanolic crude extracts of the plants was tested against multi-drug resistant (MDR) clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and Mtb H37Rv using luciferase reporter phage (LRP) assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the selected potent compounds was estimated using the broth dilution method. Results The phytochemical and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses showed that phytocompounds that have been reported earlier exhibit anti-TB activity are abundant. The LRP assay revealed the heightened inhibitory activity of methanolic crude extracts and individual fractions against the tested clinical and laboratory Mtb strains. MICs of the selected plant fractions against Mtb strains were found to be in a range of 400–1600 μg/mL in which Mukia maderaspatana (L.) M. Roem showed the lowest MIC of 400 μg/mL and this was validated by two different methods. Conclusion The four medicinal plants examined as potential sources for anti-TB drug formulations initially look promising. Further investigation combining these plants should be considered as they may provide the basis for developing future treatment for TB.