kathy gillan | Florida State College at Jacksonville (original) (raw)

Papers by kathy gillan

Research paper thumbnail of The effectiveness of an online algebra course

The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for und... more The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for underlying mathematical concepts, an ability with increasing importance in a world where

Research paper thumbnail of Succeeding at the gateway: Secondary algebra learning in the virtual school

Unpublished manuscript, 2005

The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for und... more The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for underlying mathematical concepts, an ability with increasing importance in a world where relatively abstract technology is used to organize work in a great many domains (Moses, 2002). As a gateway course to further education, algebra is a critical milestone in secondary education. Algebra is increasingly integrated into elementary school mathematics, and the majority of secondary level students take a stand-alone algebra course. States, districts, ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effectiveness of Interactive Online Algebra Learning Tools

Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2008

This study of student performance in an online Algebra course looked at the development, implemen... more This study of student performance in an online Algebra course looked at the development, implementation, and evaluation of interactive tools for graphing linear equations. The study focused on an interactive tool that was evaluated with virtual school Algebra students for a challenging component of the course. The performance of these students in the course on the component was compared to the performance of students who did not use the intervention. The performance of students learning in the online course with the interactive tools was equivalent to that of not using the tools. The implications of the unique nature of the online Algebra course for teacher preparation are discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Distance Education on K-12 Student Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis

4 Introduction 5 Distance Education in the K–12 Context 5 Characteristics for Success 6 Teaching ... more 4 Introduction 5 Distance Education in the K–12 Context 5 Characteristics for Success 6 Teaching and Learning Theory 7 Purpose of the Study 8 Method 10 Location and Selection of Studies 11 Limitations of the Review 13 Coding of Study Features 13 Calculation of Effect Sizes 14 Statistical Analysis of Effect Sizes 15 Results 15 Characteristics of the Study 15 Overall Effects on K–12 Distance Education 16 Publication and Methodological Variables 18 Distance Education Variables 18 Instructional and Program Variables 19 Discussion 19 Implications for Research and Practice 19 Conclusions 21 The Need for Prospective Study in Virtual Schooling 22 Recommendations for K–12 Online Learning Policy and Practice 23 References 26 Appendix: Coded Variables and Study Features in the Codebook 32

Research paper thumbnail of Effectiveness of Online Algebra Learning: Implications for Teacher Preparation

This study of an online algebra course looked at the overall effectiveness of the course and at t... more This study of an online algebra course looked at the overall effectiveness of the course and at the development, implementation, and evaluation of interactive tools for graphing linear equations. The first part of the study compared algebra achievement of virtual school students to that of public classroom-based students in the same state. The second part of the study focused on an interactive tool that was evaluated with virtual school algebra students. The performance of these students on the component was compared to the performance of students who did not use the intervention. The achievement of online algebra students was equivalent to that of students in faceto-face algebra courses, as was the performance of students learning in the online course with the interactive tools as compared to students not using the tools. The implications of the unique nature of the online algebra course for teacher preparation are discussed. The quality of algebra curricula and instruction has rec...

Research paper thumbnail of 8c Blomeyer, R.(2004)

The effects of distance education on K-12 student outcomes: A metaanalysis

Research paper thumbnail of Effectiveness of Online Algebra Learning: Implications for Teacher Preparation

TECHNOLOGY AND TEACHER EDUCATION ANNUAL, 2006

This study of an online algebra course looked at the overall effectiveness of the course and at t... more This study of an online algebra course looked at the overall effectiveness of the course and at the development, implementation, and evaluation of interactive tools for graphing linear equations. The first part of the study compared algebra achievement of virtual school students to that of public classroom-based students in the same state. The second part of the study focused on an interactive tool that was evaluated with virtual school algebra students. The performance of these students on the component was compared to ...

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of distance education on K–12 student outcomes: A meta-analysis

Learning Point Associates/North Central Regional Educational Laboratory (NCREL), Oct 1, 2004

Since the early 1930s, elementary and secondary students have learned through the use of electron... more Since the early 1930s, elementary and secondary students have learned through the use of electronic distance learning systems. Several benefits have been reported for K-12 distance education: increased access to education for students with a wide range of needs, flexibility in the speed and schedule of learning, greater parental influence on education. However, some researchers have found that the effectiveness of distance education depends on the contexts in which it occurs. The research on the effects of ...

Research paper thumbnail of Succeeding at the gateway: Secondary algebra learning in the virtual school

Unpublished manuscript, 2005

The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for und... more The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for underlying mathematical concepts, an ability with increasing importance in a world where relatively abstract technology is used to organize work in a great many domains (Moses, 2002). As a gateway course to further education, algebra is a critical milestone in secondary education. Algebra is increasingly integrated into elementary school mathematics, and the majority of secondary level students take a stand-alone algebra course. States, districts, ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effectiveness of Interactive Online Algebra Learning Tools

Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2008

This study of student performance in an online Algebra course looked at the development, implemen... more This study of student performance in an online Algebra course looked at the development, implementation, and evaluation of interactive tools for graphing linear equations. The study focused on an interactive tool that was evaluated with virtual school Algebra students for a challenging component of the course. The performance of these students in the course on the component was compared to the performance of students who did not use the intervention. The performance of students learning in the online course with the interactive ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effectiveness of Online Algebra Learning: Implications for Teacher Preparation

Abstract This study of an online algebra course looked at the overall effectiveness of the course... more Abstract This study of an online algebra course looked at the overall effectiveness of the course and at the development, implementation, and evaluation of interactive tools for graphing linear equations. The first part of the study compared algebra achievement of virtual school students to that of public classroom-based students in the same state. The second part of the study focused on an interactive tool that was evaluated with virtual school algebra students. The performance of these students on the component was compared to ...

Research paper thumbnail of Institutional Investors and Firm Efficiency of Real Estate Investment Trusts

Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 2012

This study investigates the effect of institutional ownership on improving firm efficiency of equ... more This study investigates the effect of institutional ownership on improving firm efficiency of equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), using a stochastic frontier approach. Firm inefficiency is estimated by comparing a benchmark Tobin’s Q of a hypothetical value-maximizing firm to the firm’s actual Q. We find that the average inefficiency of equity REITs is around 45.5%, and that institutional ownership can improve the firm’s corporate governance, and hence reduce firm inefficiency. Moreover, we highlight the importance of heterogeneity in institutional investors—certain types of institutional investors such as long-term, active, and top-five institutional investors, and investment advisors are more effective institutional investors in reducing firm inefficiency; whereas hedge funds and pension funds seem to aggravate the problem. In sub-sample analysis, we find that these effective institutional investors can reduce inefficiency more effectively for distressed REITs, and for REITs with high information asymmetry, and with longer term lease contracts. Lastly, we find that the negative impact of institutional ownership (except for long-term institutional investors) on firm inefficiency reduces over time, possibly due to strengthened corporate governance and regulatory environment in the REIT industry.

Research paper thumbnail of THE EFFECTS OF DISTANCE EDUCATION ON K-12 STUDENT OUTCOMES: A META-ANALYSIS WITH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR POLICY

Research paper thumbnail of The Effectiveness of an Online Algebra Course

The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for und... more The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for underlying mathematical concepts, an ability with increasing importance in a world where

Research paper thumbnail of The effectiveness of an online algebra course

The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for und... more The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for underlying mathematical concepts, an ability with increasing importance in a world where

Research paper thumbnail of Succeeding at the gateway: Secondary algebra learning in the virtual school

Unpublished manuscript, 2005

The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for und... more The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for underlying mathematical concepts, an ability with increasing importance in a world where relatively abstract technology is used to organize work in a great many domains (Moses, 2002). As a gateway course to further education, algebra is a critical milestone in secondary education. Algebra is increasingly integrated into elementary school mathematics, and the majority of secondary level students take a stand-alone algebra course. States, districts, ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effectiveness of Interactive Online Algebra Learning Tools

Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2008

This study of student performance in an online Algebra course looked at the development, implemen... more This study of student performance in an online Algebra course looked at the development, implementation, and evaluation of interactive tools for graphing linear equations. The study focused on an interactive tool that was evaluated with virtual school Algebra students for a challenging component of the course. The performance of these students in the course on the component was compared to the performance of students who did not use the intervention. The performance of students learning in the online course with the interactive tools was equivalent to that of not using the tools. The implications of the unique nature of the online Algebra course for teacher preparation are discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Distance Education on K-12 Student Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis

4 Introduction 5 Distance Education in the K–12 Context 5 Characteristics for Success 6 Teaching ... more 4 Introduction 5 Distance Education in the K–12 Context 5 Characteristics for Success 6 Teaching and Learning Theory 7 Purpose of the Study 8 Method 10 Location and Selection of Studies 11 Limitations of the Review 13 Coding of Study Features 13 Calculation of Effect Sizes 14 Statistical Analysis of Effect Sizes 15 Results 15 Characteristics of the Study 15 Overall Effects on K–12 Distance Education 16 Publication and Methodological Variables 18 Distance Education Variables 18 Instructional and Program Variables 19 Discussion 19 Implications for Research and Practice 19 Conclusions 21 The Need for Prospective Study in Virtual Schooling 22 Recommendations for K–12 Online Learning Policy and Practice 23 References 26 Appendix: Coded Variables and Study Features in the Codebook 32

Research paper thumbnail of Effectiveness of Online Algebra Learning: Implications for Teacher Preparation

This study of an online algebra course looked at the overall effectiveness of the course and at t... more This study of an online algebra course looked at the overall effectiveness of the course and at the development, implementation, and evaluation of interactive tools for graphing linear equations. The first part of the study compared algebra achievement of virtual school students to that of public classroom-based students in the same state. The second part of the study focused on an interactive tool that was evaluated with virtual school algebra students. The performance of these students on the component was compared to the performance of students who did not use the intervention. The achievement of online algebra students was equivalent to that of students in faceto-face algebra courses, as was the performance of students learning in the online course with the interactive tools as compared to students not using the tools. The implications of the unique nature of the online algebra course for teacher preparation are discussed. The quality of algebra curricula and instruction has rec...

Research paper thumbnail of 8c Blomeyer, R.(2004)

The effects of distance education on K-12 student outcomes: A metaanalysis

Research paper thumbnail of Effectiveness of Online Algebra Learning: Implications for Teacher Preparation

TECHNOLOGY AND TEACHER EDUCATION ANNUAL, 2006

This study of an online algebra course looked at the overall effectiveness of the course and at t... more This study of an online algebra course looked at the overall effectiveness of the course and at the development, implementation, and evaluation of interactive tools for graphing linear equations. The first part of the study compared algebra achievement of virtual school students to that of public classroom-based students in the same state. The second part of the study focused on an interactive tool that was evaluated with virtual school algebra students. The performance of these students on the component was compared to ...

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of distance education on K–12 student outcomes: A meta-analysis

Learning Point Associates/North Central Regional Educational Laboratory (NCREL), Oct 1, 2004

Since the early 1930s, elementary and secondary students have learned through the use of electron... more Since the early 1930s, elementary and secondary students have learned through the use of electronic distance learning systems. Several benefits have been reported for K-12 distance education: increased access to education for students with a wide range of needs, flexibility in the speed and schedule of learning, greater parental influence on education. However, some researchers have found that the effectiveness of distance education depends on the contexts in which it occurs. The research on the effects of ...

Research paper thumbnail of Succeeding at the gateway: Secondary algebra learning in the virtual school

Unpublished manuscript, 2005

The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for und... more The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for underlying mathematical concepts, an ability with increasing importance in a world where relatively abstract technology is used to organize work in a great many domains (Moses, 2002). As a gateway course to further education, algebra is a critical milestone in secondary education. Algebra is increasingly integrated into elementary school mathematics, and the majority of secondary level students take a stand-alone algebra course. States, districts, ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effectiveness of Interactive Online Algebra Learning Tools

Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2008

This study of student performance in an online Algebra course looked at the development, implemen... more This study of student performance in an online Algebra course looked at the development, implementation, and evaluation of interactive tools for graphing linear equations. The study focused on an interactive tool that was evaluated with virtual school Algebra students for a challenging component of the course. The performance of these students in the course on the component was compared to the performance of students who did not use the intervention. The performance of students learning in the online course with the interactive ...

Research paper thumbnail of Effectiveness of Online Algebra Learning: Implications for Teacher Preparation

Abstract This study of an online algebra course looked at the overall effectiveness of the course... more Abstract This study of an online algebra course looked at the overall effectiveness of the course and at the development, implementation, and evaluation of interactive tools for graphing linear equations. The first part of the study compared algebra achievement of virtual school students to that of public classroom-based students in the same state. The second part of the study focused on an interactive tool that was evaluated with virtual school algebra students. The performance of these students on the component was compared to ...

Research paper thumbnail of Institutional Investors and Firm Efficiency of Real Estate Investment Trusts

Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 2012

This study investigates the effect of institutional ownership on improving firm efficiency of equ... more This study investigates the effect of institutional ownership on improving firm efficiency of equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), using a stochastic frontier approach. Firm inefficiency is estimated by comparing a benchmark Tobin’s Q of a hypothetical value-maximizing firm to the firm’s actual Q. We find that the average inefficiency of equity REITs is around 45.5%, and that institutional ownership can improve the firm’s corporate governance, and hence reduce firm inefficiency. Moreover, we highlight the importance of heterogeneity in institutional investors—certain types of institutional investors such as long-term, active, and top-five institutional investors, and investment advisors are more effective institutional investors in reducing firm inefficiency; whereas hedge funds and pension funds seem to aggravate the problem. In sub-sample analysis, we find that these effective institutional investors can reduce inefficiency more effectively for distressed REITs, and for REITs with high information asymmetry, and with longer term lease contracts. Lastly, we find that the negative impact of institutional ownership (except for long-term institutional investors) on firm inefficiency reduces over time, possibly due to strengthened corporate governance and regulatory environment in the REIT industry.

Research paper thumbnail of THE EFFECTS OF DISTANCE EDUCATION ON K-12 STUDENT OUTCOMES: A META-ANALYSIS WITH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR POLICY

Research paper thumbnail of The Effectiveness of an Online Algebra Course

The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for und... more The role of mastering algebra is to learn to manipulate abstract symbolic representations for underlying mathematical concepts, an ability with increasing importance in a world where