Adam Arthur | Florida State University (original) (raw)
I am an alumnus of Florida State University.
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The multilateral military response to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Indonesia relied heavily o... more The multilateral military response to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Indonesia relied heavily on collaborative efforts between the United States, Australia, and Japan – allowing each state to serve their own national interests while working cooperatively to improve diplomatic relations with Indonesia as well as to respond to a major crisis using their military’s capabilities. In disaster management, one of the major actors has often been the military of the state or states involved, and this has proven true internationally as well as domestically. Additionally, military forces are a major player in multilateral disaster relief efforts. The response to the Indian Ocean Tsunami in Indonesia in 2004 was without a doubt one of the greatest examples of this. Some of the most important aid by way of world militaries was provided by three states from outside of the region, each a non-member of ASEAN: The United States, Australia, and Japan. The United States assumed a major leadership role in the operation through its coordination of Operation Unified Assitance (OUA): however, although the U.S. assumed a leadership role, it was one of a few extra-ASEAN actors, Japan and Australia also included, who contributed collaboratively to the relief efforts in Indonesia. In contributing, each state was able to pursue its national interests: The United States wanted to solidify and legitimize its influence in the region. Australia wanted to boost and to an extent rectify its image in the region. Japan wanted to prove its capabilities and potential with its limited military forces. Each state was able to achieve what they wanted in responding to the Indian Ocean tsunami in Indonesia in 2004, but could not have done so without an appropriate fusion of both national interests and
of each states’ capabilities. Although this type of response has some critics who level accusations of disaster militarism against the U.S. or its allies, the response to the 2004 tsunami in Indonesia nevertheless demonstrated neatly how those national interests and capabilities can fuse together in a situation that benefits all actors involved.
Drafts by Adam Arthur
France should intervene against Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, but should exercise caution and ... more France should intervene against Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, but should exercise caution and seek to limit its imprint on the region in its intervention. France is a country that faces a number of challenges from terrorist organizations, both at home and abroad. Of those abroad, France faces one if its largest challenges from Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, an Al Qaeda affiliate that has grown in the region and poses potential challenges not only to French allies but also to France itself. France has in the past launched operations against this organization, and should continue to do so in the future. However, any French action in the region will be complicated by its past as a colonial power in Africa, on which groups such as Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb can draw in inciting resentment against France and against French intervention. Therefore, France must acknowledge its past as well as the roots of resentment in the region while choosing to carry out limited military actions against Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb.
ABSTRACT As Boko Haram is a religiously motivated terror group operating within a religiously and... more ABSTRACT
As Boko Haram is a religiously motivated terror group operating within a religiously and ethnically diverse country, an obvious question is whether or not Boko Haram’s actions have provoked substantive religious divisions within Nigeria, as well as whether or not this has been their intent all along. Among Nigerian Christians, the perception exists that Boko Haram makes a large-scale goal out of specifically targeting them, and this perspective is further reflected within several academic journal articles about the topics of religion and terrorism in Nigeria. Although Boko Haram has attacked and at times targeted Nigerian Christians, these attacks have been a smaller feature of the group’s larger goals of using terrorism to promote a fundamentalist interpretation of Islam and impose Sharia law in northern Nigeria, attacking a broad range of victims to do so. The effect, especially where attacks on Nigerian Christians are involved, has been to promote a sense of religious division and a fear that they will be singled out and targeted. Although this effect has contributed to the terror Boko Haram has spread in Nigeria, it is essential to understand that this is only an effect rather than a primary goal of Boko Haram’s in using violent terror tactics to draw attention to their cause.
Keywords: Nigeria, Terrorism, Religious Conflict, Boko Haram, Africa, Political Violence
This essay summarizes the role of religious rhetoric in the long-running alliance between the U.S... more This essay summarizes the role of religious rhetoric in the long-running alliance between the U.S. and Israel. This essay argues that although religion is integral to the existence of Israel, religion is not itself a strategic imperative for the alliance so much as a way of discourse-framing vital national interests that are served by the U.S.-Israel alliance. This is a working paper written in 2016, and may in the future be updated to reflect more recent events such as President Trump's recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's capital.
The multilateral military response to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Indonesia relied heavily o... more The multilateral military response to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Indonesia relied heavily on collaborative efforts between the United States, Australia, and Japan – allowing each state to serve their own national interests while working cooperatively to improve diplomatic relations with Indonesia as well as to respond to a major crisis using their military’s capabilities. In disaster management, one of the major actors has often been the military of the state or states involved, and this has proven true internationally as well as domestically. Additionally, military forces are a major player in multilateral disaster relief efforts. The response to the Indian Ocean Tsunami in Indonesia in 2004 was without a doubt one of the greatest examples of this. Some of the most important aid by way of world militaries was provided by three states from outside of the region, each a non-member of ASEAN: The United States, Australia, and Japan. The United States assumed a major leadership role in the operation through its coordination of Operation Unified Assitance (OUA): however, although the U.S. assumed a leadership role, it was one of a few extra-ASEAN actors, Japan and Australia also included, who contributed collaboratively to the relief efforts in Indonesia. In contributing, each state was able to pursue its national interests: The United States wanted to solidify and legitimize its influence in the region. Australia wanted to boost and to an extent rectify its image in the region. Japan wanted to prove its capabilities and potential with its limited military forces. Each state was able to achieve what they wanted in responding to the Indian Ocean tsunami in Indonesia in 2004, but could not have done so without an appropriate fusion of both national interests and
of each states’ capabilities. Although this type of response has some critics who level accusations of disaster militarism against the U.S. or its allies, the response to the 2004 tsunami in Indonesia nevertheless demonstrated neatly how those national interests and capabilities can fuse together in a situation that benefits all actors involved.
France should intervene against Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, but should exercise caution and ... more France should intervene against Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, but should exercise caution and seek to limit its imprint on the region in its intervention. France is a country that faces a number of challenges from terrorist organizations, both at home and abroad. Of those abroad, France faces one if its largest challenges from Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, an Al Qaeda affiliate that has grown in the region and poses potential challenges not only to French allies but also to France itself. France has in the past launched operations against this organization, and should continue to do so in the future. However, any French action in the region will be complicated by its past as a colonial power in Africa, on which groups such as Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb can draw in inciting resentment against France and against French intervention. Therefore, France must acknowledge its past as well as the roots of resentment in the region while choosing to carry out limited military actions against Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb.
ABSTRACT As Boko Haram is a religiously motivated terror group operating within a religiously and... more ABSTRACT
As Boko Haram is a religiously motivated terror group operating within a religiously and ethnically diverse country, an obvious question is whether or not Boko Haram’s actions have provoked substantive religious divisions within Nigeria, as well as whether or not this has been their intent all along. Among Nigerian Christians, the perception exists that Boko Haram makes a large-scale goal out of specifically targeting them, and this perspective is further reflected within several academic journal articles about the topics of religion and terrorism in Nigeria. Although Boko Haram has attacked and at times targeted Nigerian Christians, these attacks have been a smaller feature of the group’s larger goals of using terrorism to promote a fundamentalist interpretation of Islam and impose Sharia law in northern Nigeria, attacking a broad range of victims to do so. The effect, especially where attacks on Nigerian Christians are involved, has been to promote a sense of religious division and a fear that they will be singled out and targeted. Although this effect has contributed to the terror Boko Haram has spread in Nigeria, it is essential to understand that this is only an effect rather than a primary goal of Boko Haram’s in using violent terror tactics to draw attention to their cause.
Keywords: Nigeria, Terrorism, Religious Conflict, Boko Haram, Africa, Political Violence
This essay summarizes the role of religious rhetoric in the long-running alliance between the U.S... more This essay summarizes the role of religious rhetoric in the long-running alliance between the U.S. and Israel. This essay argues that although religion is integral to the existence of Israel, religion is not itself a strategic imperative for the alliance so much as a way of discourse-framing vital national interests that are served by the U.S.-Israel alliance. This is a working paper written in 2016, and may in the future be updated to reflect more recent events such as President Trump's recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's capital.