Reza Yeganehshakib | Fullerton College (original) (raw)
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Papers by Reza Yeganehshakib
Silk Road Briefing , 2019
In late 2013, the President of China unveiled his plan to revitalize the ancient Silk Road trade ... more In late 2013, the President of China unveiled his plan to revitalize the ancient Silk Road trade route. This plan includes a land-based Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) as well as a maritime Silk Road (MSR) that together are known as the One Belt and One Road (OBOR) Initiative. However, China is not the only country that will benefit from this cooperation among Eurasian countries, and Chinese goods will not be the only merchandise transported on the route.
This article investigates the geopolitical and economic implications of Baku-Tbilisi-Kars railroad for the involved countries in West Asia, as a crucial part of the Road and Belt Initiative.
To read the full article, see:
International Policy Digest, 2019
Iran and Turkey are facing common threats in West Asia, particularly from terrorism and separatis... more Iran and Turkey are facing common threats in West Asia, particularly from terrorism and separatism menaces. Both countries relationships with the regional and non-regional countries are affecting the conflicts with terrorist and separatist groups. This article investigates, Tehran and Ankara cooperation as well as interaction with these groups vis-à-vis Iran and Turkey's relations with countries that are supporting or fighting with such organizations. To read the full article, see:
https://medium.com/intpolicydigest/turkey-and-iran-facing-common-threats-fc8aa8e0a8df
A full understanding of the current crisis between Saudi Arabia and Qatar is impossible without l... more A full understanding of the current crisis between Saudi Arabia and Qatar is impossible without looking at the history of the tensions between these relatively new nation states.
President Trump’s statements about deregulating energy production in the US, as well as recent de... more President Trump’s statements about deregulating energy production in the US, as well as recent developments in US LNG capabilities (such as Cheniere Terminal’s first export last spring and the growth of Sabine Pas Terminal), could transform the US from a net LNG importer into a net exporter. This may be a factor in the US acquiring an unprecedented controlling power in the LNG market, enabling it to influence prices. On the Other Hand, since China is one of the world’s major energy importers, and one of the US main trade partners, any new US energy or trade policy, may affect US and China economies as well as their relationship. Read the Full Article Here: http://en.trend.az/other/commentary/2720223.html
The oil industry has experienced numerous fluctuations in crude prices during its history. Fallin... more The oil industry has experienced numerous fluctuations in crude prices during its history. Falling prices in 2014 developed into a historic downturn by 2016, reaching lows that were last seen in the 1990s. As a result, several oil giants were forced to decommission almost two thirds of their rigs, while also dramatically decreasing their investment in the upstream oil industry. What is interesting is that the crude shipping industry did not go through the same catastrophic loss as its upstream counterpart. Iran, one of the world’s biggest oil exporters and crude shipping operators, experienced this firsthand. Currently National Iranian Tanker Company (NITC), by operating 42 Very Large Crude Carriers (VLCCs), is the world’s largest fleet of supertankers. In this vein, while the country’s oil revenue sharply declined, its crude shipping industry grew. This situation was not without problems, however. This paper is a unique investigation of the outcomes of Iran’s massive tankers fleet entering the global market. This article also analyzes how the post-sanction Iran’s crude oil input may change crude oil transport market while putting further pressure on crude prices and increases the demand for tankers.
While Iran’s efforts to boost its natural gas industry to seize a greater share of the global ene... more While Iran’s efforts to boost its natural gas industry to seize a greater share of the global energy market will face obstacles, opportunities are abound – and it can pursue such opportunities despite the climate of low global prices and geopolitical risks.
Criticism of the general terms of the new Iran Petroleum Contract do not appear to be based on so... more Criticism of the general terms of the new Iran Petroleum Contract do not appear to be based on sound legal reasoning, but is rather the result of factionalism ahead of upcoming elections.
The newly inaugurated phases 15 and 16 of Iran's giant South Pars project have the potential to g... more The newly inaugurated phases 15 and 16 of Iran's giant South Pars project have the potential to greatly boost the country's economy
The Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran defined and released the general structure of the ... more The Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran defined and released the general structure of the upstream oil and gas contracts, Iran Petroleum Contract (IPC) Bill, in September 30, 2015. Although the new generation of Iran oil and gas contracts is named Iran Petroleum Contracts (IPC), they are indeed another buy-back agreement with better incentives and more flexibility.
After nationalizing the oil industry in Iran in 1951, the government passed protectionist laws th... more After nationalizing the oil industry in Iran in 1951, the government passed protectionist laws that restrained foreign ownership of Iran’s oil fields and industries. Since the Islamic Revolution in 1979, these laws have been reinforced to further reflect the anti-Western ideological underpinnings of the revolution. Yet, after the Iran-Iraq War and the beginning of the era of so-called “reconstruction” in 1988, the Iranian government adopted several laws to encourage foreign investment, particularly in the country’s largest industry, oil and gas. These laws, particularly the Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Act (FIPPA), despite having been revised several times, have not been successful in either encouraging foreign companies to invest in Iran’s oil and gas industries. As a result, the Iranian oil ministry announced recently that it would issue a new generation of oil and gas contracts that is more attractive to foreign investors. This paper investigates possible challenges that Iran’s protectionist laws may pose for these contracts particularly in light of Iran’s prevailing political and religious anti-West/anti-imperialist ideology and Iran’s distrust towards the West after the fall of Mossadegh’s government in 1953. It also studies Iran’s political and legal realities and whether they might provide foreign investors with attractive incentives such as partial or conditional ownership of the industries in which they invest.
Silk Road Briefing , 2019
In late 2013, the President of China unveiled his plan to revitalize the ancient Silk Road trade ... more In late 2013, the President of China unveiled his plan to revitalize the ancient Silk Road trade route. This plan includes a land-based Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) as well as a maritime Silk Road (MSR) that together are known as the One Belt and One Road (OBOR) Initiative. However, China is not the only country that will benefit from this cooperation among Eurasian countries, and Chinese goods will not be the only merchandise transported on the route.
This article investigates the geopolitical and economic implications of Baku-Tbilisi-Kars railroad for the involved countries in West Asia, as a crucial part of the Road and Belt Initiative.
To read the full article, see:
International Policy Digest, 2019
Iran and Turkey are facing common threats in West Asia, particularly from terrorism and separatis... more Iran and Turkey are facing common threats in West Asia, particularly from terrorism and separatism menaces. Both countries relationships with the regional and non-regional countries are affecting the conflicts with terrorist and separatist groups. This article investigates, Tehran and Ankara cooperation as well as interaction with these groups vis-à-vis Iran and Turkey's relations with countries that are supporting or fighting with such organizations. To read the full article, see:
https://medium.com/intpolicydigest/turkey-and-iran-facing-common-threats-fc8aa8e0a8df
A full understanding of the current crisis between Saudi Arabia and Qatar is impossible without l... more A full understanding of the current crisis between Saudi Arabia and Qatar is impossible without looking at the history of the tensions between these relatively new nation states.
President Trump’s statements about deregulating energy production in the US, as well as recent de... more President Trump’s statements about deregulating energy production in the US, as well as recent developments in US LNG capabilities (such as Cheniere Terminal’s first export last spring and the growth of Sabine Pas Terminal), could transform the US from a net LNG importer into a net exporter. This may be a factor in the US acquiring an unprecedented controlling power in the LNG market, enabling it to influence prices. On the Other Hand, since China is one of the world’s major energy importers, and one of the US main trade partners, any new US energy or trade policy, may affect US and China economies as well as their relationship. Read the Full Article Here: http://en.trend.az/other/commentary/2720223.html
The oil industry has experienced numerous fluctuations in crude prices during its history. Fallin... more The oil industry has experienced numerous fluctuations in crude prices during its history. Falling prices in 2014 developed into a historic downturn by 2016, reaching lows that were last seen in the 1990s. As a result, several oil giants were forced to decommission almost two thirds of their rigs, while also dramatically decreasing their investment in the upstream oil industry. What is interesting is that the crude shipping industry did not go through the same catastrophic loss as its upstream counterpart. Iran, one of the world’s biggest oil exporters and crude shipping operators, experienced this firsthand. Currently National Iranian Tanker Company (NITC), by operating 42 Very Large Crude Carriers (VLCCs), is the world’s largest fleet of supertankers. In this vein, while the country’s oil revenue sharply declined, its crude shipping industry grew. This situation was not without problems, however. This paper is a unique investigation of the outcomes of Iran’s massive tankers fleet entering the global market. This article also analyzes how the post-sanction Iran’s crude oil input may change crude oil transport market while putting further pressure on crude prices and increases the demand for tankers.
While Iran’s efforts to boost its natural gas industry to seize a greater share of the global ene... more While Iran’s efforts to boost its natural gas industry to seize a greater share of the global energy market will face obstacles, opportunities are abound – and it can pursue such opportunities despite the climate of low global prices and geopolitical risks.
Criticism of the general terms of the new Iran Petroleum Contract do not appear to be based on so... more Criticism of the general terms of the new Iran Petroleum Contract do not appear to be based on sound legal reasoning, but is rather the result of factionalism ahead of upcoming elections.
The newly inaugurated phases 15 and 16 of Iran's giant South Pars project have the potential to g... more The newly inaugurated phases 15 and 16 of Iran's giant South Pars project have the potential to greatly boost the country's economy
The Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran defined and released the general structure of the ... more The Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran defined and released the general structure of the upstream oil and gas contracts, Iran Petroleum Contract (IPC) Bill, in September 30, 2015. Although the new generation of Iran oil and gas contracts is named Iran Petroleum Contracts (IPC), they are indeed another buy-back agreement with better incentives and more flexibility.
After nationalizing the oil industry in Iran in 1951, the government passed protectionist laws th... more After nationalizing the oil industry in Iran in 1951, the government passed protectionist laws that restrained foreign ownership of Iran’s oil fields and industries. Since the Islamic Revolution in 1979, these laws have been reinforced to further reflect the anti-Western ideological underpinnings of the revolution. Yet, after the Iran-Iraq War and the beginning of the era of so-called “reconstruction” in 1988, the Iranian government adopted several laws to encourage foreign investment, particularly in the country’s largest industry, oil and gas. These laws, particularly the Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Act (FIPPA), despite having been revised several times, have not been successful in either encouraging foreign companies to invest in Iran’s oil and gas industries. As a result, the Iranian oil ministry announced recently that it would issue a new generation of oil and gas contracts that is more attractive to foreign investors. This paper investigates possible challenges that Iran’s protectionist laws may pose for these contracts particularly in light of Iran’s prevailing political and religious anti-West/anti-imperialist ideology and Iran’s distrust towards the West after the fall of Mossadegh’s government in 1953. It also studies Iran’s political and legal realities and whether they might provide foreign investors with attractive incentives such as partial or conditional ownership of the industries in which they invest.