beril akın | Gazi University (original) (raw)
Papers by beril akın
Karadeniz fen bilimleri dergisi, Apr 28, 2024
Environmental Earth Sciences, Jun 1, 2017
The present study to find seasonal (September 2010-June 2011) heavy metal (Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn... more The present study to find seasonal (September 2010-June 2011) heavy metal (Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu, Fe, As) contamination and the origins thereof in surface sediments of Gökçekaya Dam Lake, as constructed on Sakarya River, the third-longest river in Turkey and the largest river of the Northwestern Anatolia. Upon analyses for the purpose thereof, heavy metal contamination in annual average concentrations in the lake sediment varied, respectively, as Fe [ Zn [ Cr [ Ni [ Cu [ Pb [ Co [ As [ Cd. Statistical assessments performed in order to see whether the average values of the heavy metal contamination as measured at stations placed in the lake changed by seasonal periods. There found statistically significant differences especially in Cd, Zn, and Pb between seasonal periods. In accordance with the Sediment Quality Index, Gökçekaya Dam Lake sediment was classified as ''highly polluted'' in terms of the amount of anthropogenic contaminants of As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index values (I geo) were calculated in order to geochemically interpret the source of contamination due to heavy metal concentration in the lake sediment and the level of pollution. The As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni Pb, and Zn values demonstrated that the sediment was rich for anthropogenic contaminants. The lake was found especially rich for arsenic (14.97-34.70 mg/kg) and lead (68.75-98.65 mg/kg) in accordance with annual average values. In general the lake was geochemically characterized as ''moderately contaminated'' in terms of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn content.
Process Biochemistry, Jul 1, 2005
Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) can be used to monitor and cont... more Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) can be used to monitor and control biological nutrient removal process in an Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) reactor. The objective of this study was to establish control strategies for biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal using ORP, DO and pH profiles. A lab scale SBR system was used. It was observed that when nitrate was fully consumed in the anoxic phase, ORP values were more negative (À55 mV). However, after the consumption of nitrates, phosphate release was observed in the anoxic phase with the provision of true anaerobic conditions. This shows that the anoxic phase was characterized by denitrification and phosphorus release. The break point in the pH and ORP curve in the anoxic period coincided with the end of denitrifying activity at about 10 min of the anoxic phase. The change in the ORP and pH appears to be related to nitrate concentration and these parameters show a nitrate ''knee'' and the ammonia ''valley'' during the operation. Therefore, the experimental study showed that pH and ORP values can be used as control parameters for denitrification and biological phosphorus removal. However, it is observed that pH profile provide much information during the oxic phase, whereas ORP in the anoxic phase.
Mühendislik bilimleri ve tasarım dergisi, Jun 26, 2019
İklim değişikliği ekolojik, sosyal ve ekonomik sistemlere önemli derecede zarar vermektedir. İnsa... more İklim değişikliği ekolojik, sosyal ve ekonomik sistemlere önemli derecede zarar vermektedir. İnsan aktiviteleri sonucu atmosfere salınan karbondioksit ve diğer ısı tutan (sera) gazların artışıyla beraber, dünya ortalama sıcaklığının artacağı, yağış paternlerinin etkileneceği, buz ve kar örtüsünün azalacağı, deniz seviyesinin yükseleceği, okyanusların asitliği artacağı, ekstrem olayların sıklığı, yoğunluğu ve süresinin artacağı, değişik ekosistem özelliklerinin görüleceği beklenmektedir. Artış ve değişiklik göstermesi beklenen tüm bu hadiselerin, insan sağlığına yönelik tehditleri artıracağı da kaçınılmazdır. Bu sebeple, iklimde gerçekleşen ve gerçekleşmesi muhtemel değişimlerin incelenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Türkiye'nin de içerisinde yer aldığı Doğu Akdeniz havzası, iklim değişikliğine en duyarlı bölgelerden biridir. Aynı zamanda Doğu Akdeniz havzası, Afrika ve Orta Doğu çöllerini içerdiği için bölgede sık gerçekleşen toz taşınımı sebebiyle aerosol miktarında artışlarla beraber hava kalitesinde düşüş yaşamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, öncelikli olarak Doğu Akdeniz Havzası geneli ve Türkiye için 1981-2010 dönemi sıcaklık ve yağış, 2003-2017 dönemi için ise aerosol değişimleri ve trendleri incelenmiştir. Gerçekleşen değişimlerin %95 güven aralığında olup olmadığını incelemek amacıyla verilere Mann-Kendall testi uygulanmıştır. Sonrasında ise, GFDL-ESM2M küresel iklim modelinin sıcaklık ve yağış gelecek öngörüleri tartışılmıştır.
Journal of Environmental Protection, 2021
Over-exploitation and sand-gravel mining affect groundwater resources in terms of both quantity a... more Over-exploitation and sand-gravel mining affect groundwater resources in terms of both quantity and quality. Groundwater level and well yields in and around the sand-gravel pits significantly decrease. Sand-gravel mining also changes the turbidity levels and temperature of groundwater. Reduction and destruction of valuable aquifers are significant issues. In this case, the natural state of the aquifer disappears. The Kazan Plain in central Turkey is a dramatic example of these kinds of results. The productive sand-gravel aquifer in the Kazan plain has been substantially damaged due to intensive sand-gravel mining since the 1980s. Additionally, over-exploitation has caused notable declines in groundwater levels, particularly in the 2000s. This study focuses on the hydrogeochemical situation of the Kazan Plain alluvium aquifer after intensive sand-gravel mining and over-exploitation. Groundwater samples were collected seasonally in 2015, five years after the over-exploitation and heavy sand-gravel mining. The decline reached 20 m (about half of the saturated thickness of the sand-gravel aquifer) in the region where the intensive groundwater abstraction lasted until 2010. Some quarries continued to operate until 2010, but after that mining activity continued only at a minimum level. Today, groundwater quality has been significantly degraded due to the over-exploitation of sand-gravel mining and also the cessation of recharge from fresh river water.
Journal of Environmental Protection, 2016
Hospital laboratory wastewater has been considered to significantly change the degree of contamin... more Hospital laboratory wastewater has been considered to significantly change the degree of contamination of especially the hospital wastewater. The present study investigated the hospital clinical laboratory wastewater and the pollution loads were assessed for pathogens, heavy metals, and organic materials. Composite samples were collected from clinical laboratory wastewater of a 350-bed hospital for a six-month period. Analyses for pH, TSS (Total Suspended Solid), BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), PO4-P, and Cl as well as heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Al, and Mn) were made in order to physiochemical properties of the samples. Bacterial isolation (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobaumanii, CNS-Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus) and antigen-antibody analyses were conducted in order to find the microbiological pollution load of the wastewater. As a result of the study it was found that the hospital clinical laboratory wastewater was alkaline and COD/BOD ratio reached to a range of 10-12 in the wastewater. It was concluded that although the heavy metal concentrations were within the sewage discharge limits the said levels could pose health risk. It was also found that the wastewater entailed health risk due to pathogens.
Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2008
Excess molar volumes (V E), viscosities, refractive index, and Gibbs energies were evaluated for ... more Excess molar volumes (V E), viscosities, refractive index, and Gibbs energies were evaluated for binary biodiesel + benzene and toluene mixtures at 298.15 and 303.15 K. The excess molar volumes V E were determined from density, while the excess Gibbs free energy of activation G*E was calculated from viscosity deviation Δη. The excess molar volume (V E), viscosity deviation (Δη),
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2010
The purpose of this study was to determine the overall effectiveness of conceptual change texts (... more The purpose of this study was to determine the overall effectiveness of conceptual change texts (CCTs) on academic achievement and to find out if effectiveness was related to some characteristics of the study. It followed up a Metaanalysis research approach. 42 published and unpublished studies, published between 1995 and 2010, and 42 experiment groups' effect sizes were tested in this study. The overall effect size for CCTs was calculated as 1.18. This is a large effect size according to Cohen's criteria. It was found that CCTs have been quite successful in promoting the students' academic success. However results showed that there was no publication bias in respect to publication status. Moreover, no statistically significant difference was found on the nature of assessment instrument, study origin, subject matter, type of instruction, school level, sample size, type of instrument, publication date and duration of treatment. Moreover statistically significant difference was found for instruction effect. The effects of the research results are discussed.
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2008
Dams built to supply electricity, irrigation and fresh water, change the characteristics of the r... more Dams built to supply electricity, irrigation and fresh water, change the characteristics of the region they are located. The ecological, limnological characteristics and the quality of water in the dam reservoir deteriorate with time. In this study, the physicochemical, toxicological and ecological parameters of Gokcekaya Dam Lake’s water, which is situated on Sakarya River were examined. The selected area has different characteristics from the others. This lake is situated between two other dam lakes on Sakarya River. So the main water of the lake comes from Sakarya Dam. During the years 2005-2006, water samples were taken from the lake surface and depths in seasonal periods, and the physical, chemical and biological parameters were examined to determine the modifications in the quality of water. It was seen that while the quality had no certain differences, the level of the nutrients in the water was low. The different characteristics of the coming water enriched the varieties of ...
Allergologia et Immunopathologia, 2011
Study Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the levels of toxic heavy metals related... more Study Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the levels of toxic heavy metals related with environmental pollution and trace elements involved in antioxidant system in children suffering from recurrent wheezing. Study Design: One hundred children with recurrent wheezing (at least three recurrences) between the ages from 1 to 6 years took part in the study, and also 116 age-and sex-matched healthy children were involved in the study as a control group. Venous blood samples were collected and serum mercury, lead, aluminium, zinc, selenium, and copper levels were studied using ICP-MS. Results: Serum lead (0.76 ± 0.15 vs. 0.27 ± 0.01, p:0.001) and mercury levels (1.31 ± 0.15 vs 0.71 ± 0.05, p < 0.001) were higher in wheezy group than those acquired from the control group. Serum zinc (69.4 ± 1.65 vs. 78.9 ± 2.78, p:0.005) and selenium (115.6 ± 1.87 vs. 125.4 ± 2.94, p:0.008) levels were lower in wheezy group than those acquired from the control group. Serum zinc levels were found to be correlated with number of ARTIs (r p :−0.332, p:0.001) and the number of wheezy attacks (r p :−0.776, p < 0.001) during the previous year in the wheezy group. Conclusion: Elevated levels of serum lead and mercury and low levels of zinc and selenium may suggest some disturbances in the antioxidant system in children with recurrent wheezing. This means that children with recurrent wheezing are much more susceptible to environmental pollutants and respiratory tract infections than healthy children and this heavy metal-antioxidant relationship may play a role as a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of recurrent wheezing in children.
African Journal of Biotechnology, Dec 31, 2004
Environmental Earth Sciences, 2010
Gökçekaya Dam is one of the dams located on the Sakarya River (Eskişehir) in Turkey and is approx... more Gökçekaya Dam is one of the dams located on the Sakarya River (Eskişehir) in Turkey and is approximately 38 years old. No study regarding to the water quality of the dam lake has been hitherto made. This study aimed at determining the seasonal variations with physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the water quality of the dam lake. Depth-wise water samples
Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A-toxic/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering, 2001
In this study an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for an enhanced biological p... more In this study an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for an enhanced biological phosphorus removal. These conditions were tested by a laboratory scale reactor (14 liter) with a synthetic feed, glucose being the sole carbon source. However, enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) was not achieved during this study. A series of batch tests were conducted with various substrates; acetic acid, glucose and the mixture of acetic acid and glucose. High phosphate removal was obtained when acetate was the substrate (68.7%). It was observed that when the acetic acid was used as a sole substrate, the bacteria growing in the alternating anaerobic/aerobic system removed the organic substrate under anaerobic conditions. However, in case of the glucose feed most of the COD removal took place under not truly anaerobic conditions. This also coincides with low phosphate removal (37.8%). These results are in consistent with the results of the continuous operation. When the acetic...
Environmental Earth Sciences
Process Biochemistry, Jul 1, 2005
Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) can be used to monitor and cont... more Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) can be used to monitor and control biological nutrient removal process in an Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) reactor. The objective of this study was to establish control strategies for biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal using ORP, DO and pH profiles. A lab scale SBR system was used. It was observed that when nitrate was fully consumed in the anoxic phase, ORP values were more negative (À55 mV). However, after the consumption of nitrates, phosphate release was observed in the anoxic phase with the provision of true anaerobic conditions. This shows that the anoxic phase was characterized by denitrification and phosphorus release. The break point in the pH and ORP curve in the anoxic period coincided with the end of denitrifying activity at about 10 min of the anoxic phase. The change in the ORP and pH appears to be related to nitrate concentration and these parameters show a nitrate ''knee'' and the ammonia ''valley'' during the operation. Therefore, the experimental study showed that pH and ORP values can be used as control parameters for denitrification and biological phosphorus removal. However, it is observed that pH profile provide much information during the oxic phase, whereas ORP in the anoxic phase.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1081 Ese 100106257, Aug 23, 2006
In this study an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for an enhanced biological p... more In this study an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for an enhanced biological phosphorus removal. These conditions were tested by a laboratory scale reactor (14 liter) with a synthetic feed, glucose being the sole carbon source. However, enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) was not achieved during this study. A series of batch tests were conducted with various substrates; acetic acid, glucose and the mixture of acetic acid and glucose. High phosphate removal was obtained when acetate was the substrate (68.7%). It was observed that when the acetic acid was used as a sole substrate, the bacteria growing in the alternating anaerobic/aerobic system removed the organic substrate under anaerobic conditions. However, in case of the glucose feed most of the COD removal took place under not truly anaerobic conditions. This also coincides with low phosphate removal (37.8%). These results are in consistent with the results of the continuous operation. When the acetic acid-glucose mixture was used, the phosphate removal decreased down to 60.8%. This was thought to be due to the glucose that reduced the dependency on poly-P as an energy source.
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2016
The aim of the present 1-year study was to investigate the effect of heavy metals in synthetic fe... more The aim of the present 1-year study was to investigate the effect of heavy metals in synthetic fertilizers on water and sediment quality in the Seyfe Lake, where agricultural activity was the only anthropogenic source. Metal concentrations of five different types of synthetic fertilizers used in agricultural fields within the Seyfe Lake closed basin were as follows: Zn &amp;gt; Pb &amp;gt; Cu &amp;gt; Cr &amp;gt; Cd &amp;gt; As &amp;gt; Ni &amp;gt; Co. The annual average of heavy metal concentrations in the sediment samples were as follows: Zn &amp;gt; Pb &amp;gt; As &amp;gt; Cr &amp;gt; Ni &amp;gt; Cu &amp;gt; Cd &amp;gt; Co. Seyfe Lake sediment was classified as anthropogenically &amp;quot;highly polluted&amp;quot; in terms of the As and Zn concentrations at each sample station based on the sediment quality guidelines. Furthermore, the sediment could be classified as &amp;quot;moderately to highly polluted&amp;quot; in terms of the As concentration, based on the geo-accumulation index.
Biological Trace Element Research, 2012
Hair analysis is a promising tool for routine clinical screening and diagnosis of heavy metal exp... more Hair analysis is a promising tool for routine clinical screening and diagnosis of heavy metal exposure and essential trace element status in the human body. Systemic intoxications have been identified by anomalously high values of toxins in hair samples. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between smoking habit of the family members and the levels of toxic and nontoxic trace elements in hair samples of children. The randomized cross-sectional controlled study comprised of 95 children (41 girls and 54 boys) between the ages of 1 and 6 years. After written informed consent was obtained, a face-to-face interview was conducted with the families about educational background, total income of the family, and smoking habits of family members. The mineral elements considered in this study were Zn, Se, B, V, Co, Mo, Mn, iron (Fe), Be, aluminum (Al), As, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), Hg, chromium (Cr), Ag, Be, nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), Sn, and antimony (Sb). Hair mineral contents were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The results showed that the levels of Cd, Pb, Cr, Sb, Fe, and Al in hair samples of children whose parents smoked were significantly higher than those whose parents were nonsmokers. The number of smokers and the frequency of smoking at home were positively correlated with Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Sb levels found. At the same time, it was found that there was no correlation between toxic element concentrations and family income or educational background excluding the levels of Cd. A correlation was observed between the smoking status of family members and levels of toxic trace elements in hair where this correlation was more significant with the levels of Pb and Cd. High socioeconomic status and the level of education of family members did not have any effect on toxic trace levels in hair samples of children.
Water Science & Technology: Water Supply, 2006
Waste activated sludge (WAS) is more difficult to digest than primary sludge due to rate limiting... more Waste activated sludge (WAS) is more difficult to digest than primary sludge due to rate limiting cell hydrolysis. High-power ultrasound can effectively disintegrate the bacterial cells and thus enhance the subsequent digestion. This research examines the effectiveness of ultrasound pretreatment on WAS disintegration at different specific energy inputs, ultrasonic densities and total solids (TS) contents. The results show that the cut diameter (d50) for WAS with 2% TS content declined nearly 6.5-fold at an ultrasonic density of 0.67 W/ml. For higher TS contents of 4 and 6%, higher densities of 1.03 and 0.86 W/ml, respectively, were needed to achieve the same degree of particle size reduction. The efficacy of ultrasonic disintegration measured as soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) release was primarily governed by ultrasonic density (W/ml); whereas ultrasonic density did not show a significant effect on protein release at all TS levels. SCOD release of about 320 mg SCOD/g TS was o...
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2001
In this study an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for an enhanced biological p... more In this study an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for an enhanced biological phosphorus removal. These conditions were tested by a laboratory scale reactor (14 liter) with a synthetic feed, glucose being the sole carbon source. However, enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) was not achieved during this study. A series of batch tests were conducted with various substrates; acetic acid, glucose and the mixture of acetic acid and glucose. High phosphate removal was obtained when acetate was the substrate (68.7%). It was observed that when the acetic acid was used as a sole substrate, the bacteria growing in the alternating anaerobic/aerobic system removed the organic substrate under anaerobic conditions. However, in case of the glucose feed most of the COD removal took place under not truly anaerobic conditions. This also coincides with low phosphate removal (37.8%). These results are in consistent with the results of the continuous operation. When the acetic acid-glucose mixture was used, the phosphate removal decreased down to 60.8%. This was thought to be due to the glucose that reduced the dependency on poly-P as an energy source.
Karadeniz fen bilimleri dergisi, Apr 28, 2024
Environmental Earth Sciences, Jun 1, 2017
The present study to find seasonal (September 2010-June 2011) heavy metal (Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn... more The present study to find seasonal (September 2010-June 2011) heavy metal (Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu, Fe, As) contamination and the origins thereof in surface sediments of Gökçekaya Dam Lake, as constructed on Sakarya River, the third-longest river in Turkey and the largest river of the Northwestern Anatolia. Upon analyses for the purpose thereof, heavy metal contamination in annual average concentrations in the lake sediment varied, respectively, as Fe [ Zn [ Cr [ Ni [ Cu [ Pb [ Co [ As [ Cd. Statistical assessments performed in order to see whether the average values of the heavy metal contamination as measured at stations placed in the lake changed by seasonal periods. There found statistically significant differences especially in Cd, Zn, and Pb between seasonal periods. In accordance with the Sediment Quality Index, Gökçekaya Dam Lake sediment was classified as ''highly polluted'' in terms of the amount of anthropogenic contaminants of As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index values (I geo) were calculated in order to geochemically interpret the source of contamination due to heavy metal concentration in the lake sediment and the level of pollution. The As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni Pb, and Zn values demonstrated that the sediment was rich for anthropogenic contaminants. The lake was found especially rich for arsenic (14.97-34.70 mg/kg) and lead (68.75-98.65 mg/kg) in accordance with annual average values. In general the lake was geochemically characterized as ''moderately contaminated'' in terms of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn content.
Process Biochemistry, Jul 1, 2005
Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) can be used to monitor and cont... more Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) can be used to monitor and control biological nutrient removal process in an Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) reactor. The objective of this study was to establish control strategies for biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal using ORP, DO and pH profiles. A lab scale SBR system was used. It was observed that when nitrate was fully consumed in the anoxic phase, ORP values were more negative (À55 mV). However, after the consumption of nitrates, phosphate release was observed in the anoxic phase with the provision of true anaerobic conditions. This shows that the anoxic phase was characterized by denitrification and phosphorus release. The break point in the pH and ORP curve in the anoxic period coincided with the end of denitrifying activity at about 10 min of the anoxic phase. The change in the ORP and pH appears to be related to nitrate concentration and these parameters show a nitrate ''knee'' and the ammonia ''valley'' during the operation. Therefore, the experimental study showed that pH and ORP values can be used as control parameters for denitrification and biological phosphorus removal. However, it is observed that pH profile provide much information during the oxic phase, whereas ORP in the anoxic phase.
Mühendislik bilimleri ve tasarım dergisi, Jun 26, 2019
İklim değişikliği ekolojik, sosyal ve ekonomik sistemlere önemli derecede zarar vermektedir. İnsa... more İklim değişikliği ekolojik, sosyal ve ekonomik sistemlere önemli derecede zarar vermektedir. İnsan aktiviteleri sonucu atmosfere salınan karbondioksit ve diğer ısı tutan (sera) gazların artışıyla beraber, dünya ortalama sıcaklığının artacağı, yağış paternlerinin etkileneceği, buz ve kar örtüsünün azalacağı, deniz seviyesinin yükseleceği, okyanusların asitliği artacağı, ekstrem olayların sıklığı, yoğunluğu ve süresinin artacağı, değişik ekosistem özelliklerinin görüleceği beklenmektedir. Artış ve değişiklik göstermesi beklenen tüm bu hadiselerin, insan sağlığına yönelik tehditleri artıracağı da kaçınılmazdır. Bu sebeple, iklimde gerçekleşen ve gerçekleşmesi muhtemel değişimlerin incelenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Türkiye'nin de içerisinde yer aldığı Doğu Akdeniz havzası, iklim değişikliğine en duyarlı bölgelerden biridir. Aynı zamanda Doğu Akdeniz havzası, Afrika ve Orta Doğu çöllerini içerdiği için bölgede sık gerçekleşen toz taşınımı sebebiyle aerosol miktarında artışlarla beraber hava kalitesinde düşüş yaşamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, öncelikli olarak Doğu Akdeniz Havzası geneli ve Türkiye için 1981-2010 dönemi sıcaklık ve yağış, 2003-2017 dönemi için ise aerosol değişimleri ve trendleri incelenmiştir. Gerçekleşen değişimlerin %95 güven aralığında olup olmadığını incelemek amacıyla verilere Mann-Kendall testi uygulanmıştır. Sonrasında ise, GFDL-ESM2M küresel iklim modelinin sıcaklık ve yağış gelecek öngörüleri tartışılmıştır.
Journal of Environmental Protection, 2021
Over-exploitation and sand-gravel mining affect groundwater resources in terms of both quantity a... more Over-exploitation and sand-gravel mining affect groundwater resources in terms of both quantity and quality. Groundwater level and well yields in and around the sand-gravel pits significantly decrease. Sand-gravel mining also changes the turbidity levels and temperature of groundwater. Reduction and destruction of valuable aquifers are significant issues. In this case, the natural state of the aquifer disappears. The Kazan Plain in central Turkey is a dramatic example of these kinds of results. The productive sand-gravel aquifer in the Kazan plain has been substantially damaged due to intensive sand-gravel mining since the 1980s. Additionally, over-exploitation has caused notable declines in groundwater levels, particularly in the 2000s. This study focuses on the hydrogeochemical situation of the Kazan Plain alluvium aquifer after intensive sand-gravel mining and over-exploitation. Groundwater samples were collected seasonally in 2015, five years after the over-exploitation and heavy sand-gravel mining. The decline reached 20 m (about half of the saturated thickness of the sand-gravel aquifer) in the region where the intensive groundwater abstraction lasted until 2010. Some quarries continued to operate until 2010, but after that mining activity continued only at a minimum level. Today, groundwater quality has been significantly degraded due to the over-exploitation of sand-gravel mining and also the cessation of recharge from fresh river water.
Journal of Environmental Protection, 2016
Hospital laboratory wastewater has been considered to significantly change the degree of contamin... more Hospital laboratory wastewater has been considered to significantly change the degree of contamination of especially the hospital wastewater. The present study investigated the hospital clinical laboratory wastewater and the pollution loads were assessed for pathogens, heavy metals, and organic materials. Composite samples were collected from clinical laboratory wastewater of a 350-bed hospital for a six-month period. Analyses for pH, TSS (Total Suspended Solid), BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), PO4-P, and Cl as well as heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Al, and Mn) were made in order to physiochemical properties of the samples. Bacterial isolation (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobaumanii, CNS-Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus) and antigen-antibody analyses were conducted in order to find the microbiological pollution load of the wastewater. As a result of the study it was found that the hospital clinical laboratory wastewater was alkaline and COD/BOD ratio reached to a range of 10-12 in the wastewater. It was concluded that although the heavy metal concentrations were within the sewage discharge limits the said levels could pose health risk. It was also found that the wastewater entailed health risk due to pathogens.
Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2008
Excess molar volumes (V E), viscosities, refractive index, and Gibbs energies were evaluated for ... more Excess molar volumes (V E), viscosities, refractive index, and Gibbs energies were evaluated for binary biodiesel + benzene and toluene mixtures at 298.15 and 303.15 K. The excess molar volumes V E were determined from density, while the excess Gibbs free energy of activation G*E was calculated from viscosity deviation Δη. The excess molar volume (V E), viscosity deviation (Δη),
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2010
The purpose of this study was to determine the overall effectiveness of conceptual change texts (... more The purpose of this study was to determine the overall effectiveness of conceptual change texts (CCTs) on academic achievement and to find out if effectiveness was related to some characteristics of the study. It followed up a Metaanalysis research approach. 42 published and unpublished studies, published between 1995 and 2010, and 42 experiment groups' effect sizes were tested in this study. The overall effect size for CCTs was calculated as 1.18. This is a large effect size according to Cohen's criteria. It was found that CCTs have been quite successful in promoting the students' academic success. However results showed that there was no publication bias in respect to publication status. Moreover, no statistically significant difference was found on the nature of assessment instrument, study origin, subject matter, type of instruction, school level, sample size, type of instrument, publication date and duration of treatment. Moreover statistically significant difference was found for instruction effect. The effects of the research results are discussed.
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2008
Dams built to supply electricity, irrigation and fresh water, change the characteristics of the r... more Dams built to supply electricity, irrigation and fresh water, change the characteristics of the region they are located. The ecological, limnological characteristics and the quality of water in the dam reservoir deteriorate with time. In this study, the physicochemical, toxicological and ecological parameters of Gokcekaya Dam Lake’s water, which is situated on Sakarya River were examined. The selected area has different characteristics from the others. This lake is situated between two other dam lakes on Sakarya River. So the main water of the lake comes from Sakarya Dam. During the years 2005-2006, water samples were taken from the lake surface and depths in seasonal periods, and the physical, chemical and biological parameters were examined to determine the modifications in the quality of water. It was seen that while the quality had no certain differences, the level of the nutrients in the water was low. The different characteristics of the coming water enriched the varieties of ...
Allergologia et Immunopathologia, 2011
Study Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the levels of toxic heavy metals related... more Study Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the levels of toxic heavy metals related with environmental pollution and trace elements involved in antioxidant system in children suffering from recurrent wheezing. Study Design: One hundred children with recurrent wheezing (at least three recurrences) between the ages from 1 to 6 years took part in the study, and also 116 age-and sex-matched healthy children were involved in the study as a control group. Venous blood samples were collected and serum mercury, lead, aluminium, zinc, selenium, and copper levels were studied using ICP-MS. Results: Serum lead (0.76 ± 0.15 vs. 0.27 ± 0.01, p:0.001) and mercury levels (1.31 ± 0.15 vs 0.71 ± 0.05, p < 0.001) were higher in wheezy group than those acquired from the control group. Serum zinc (69.4 ± 1.65 vs. 78.9 ± 2.78, p:0.005) and selenium (115.6 ± 1.87 vs. 125.4 ± 2.94, p:0.008) levels were lower in wheezy group than those acquired from the control group. Serum zinc levels were found to be correlated with number of ARTIs (r p :−0.332, p:0.001) and the number of wheezy attacks (r p :−0.776, p < 0.001) during the previous year in the wheezy group. Conclusion: Elevated levels of serum lead and mercury and low levels of zinc and selenium may suggest some disturbances in the antioxidant system in children with recurrent wheezing. This means that children with recurrent wheezing are much more susceptible to environmental pollutants and respiratory tract infections than healthy children and this heavy metal-antioxidant relationship may play a role as a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of recurrent wheezing in children.
African Journal of Biotechnology, Dec 31, 2004
Environmental Earth Sciences, 2010
Gökçekaya Dam is one of the dams located on the Sakarya River (Eskişehir) in Turkey and is approx... more Gökçekaya Dam is one of the dams located on the Sakarya River (Eskişehir) in Turkey and is approximately 38 years old. No study regarding to the water quality of the dam lake has been hitherto made. This study aimed at determining the seasonal variations with physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the water quality of the dam lake. Depth-wise water samples
Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A-toxic/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering, 2001
In this study an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for an enhanced biological p... more In this study an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for an enhanced biological phosphorus removal. These conditions were tested by a laboratory scale reactor (14 liter) with a synthetic feed, glucose being the sole carbon source. However, enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) was not achieved during this study. A series of batch tests were conducted with various substrates; acetic acid, glucose and the mixture of acetic acid and glucose. High phosphate removal was obtained when acetate was the substrate (68.7%). It was observed that when the acetic acid was used as a sole substrate, the bacteria growing in the alternating anaerobic/aerobic system removed the organic substrate under anaerobic conditions. However, in case of the glucose feed most of the COD removal took place under not truly anaerobic conditions. This also coincides with low phosphate removal (37.8%). These results are in consistent with the results of the continuous operation. When the acetic...
Environmental Earth Sciences
Process Biochemistry, Jul 1, 2005
Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) can be used to monitor and cont... more Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) can be used to monitor and control biological nutrient removal process in an Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) reactor. The objective of this study was to establish control strategies for biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal using ORP, DO and pH profiles. A lab scale SBR system was used. It was observed that when nitrate was fully consumed in the anoxic phase, ORP values were more negative (À55 mV). However, after the consumption of nitrates, phosphate release was observed in the anoxic phase with the provision of true anaerobic conditions. This shows that the anoxic phase was characterized by denitrification and phosphorus release. The break point in the pH and ORP curve in the anoxic period coincided with the end of denitrifying activity at about 10 min of the anoxic phase. The change in the ORP and pH appears to be related to nitrate concentration and these parameters show a nitrate ''knee'' and the ammonia ''valley'' during the operation. Therefore, the experimental study showed that pH and ORP values can be used as control parameters for denitrification and biological phosphorus removal. However, it is observed that pH profile provide much information during the oxic phase, whereas ORP in the anoxic phase.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1081 Ese 100106257, Aug 23, 2006
In this study an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for an enhanced biological p... more In this study an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for an enhanced biological phosphorus removal. These conditions were tested by a laboratory scale reactor (14 liter) with a synthetic feed, glucose being the sole carbon source. However, enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) was not achieved during this study. A series of batch tests were conducted with various substrates; acetic acid, glucose and the mixture of acetic acid and glucose. High phosphate removal was obtained when acetate was the substrate (68.7%). It was observed that when the acetic acid was used as a sole substrate, the bacteria growing in the alternating anaerobic/aerobic system removed the organic substrate under anaerobic conditions. However, in case of the glucose feed most of the COD removal took place under not truly anaerobic conditions. This also coincides with low phosphate removal (37.8%). These results are in consistent with the results of the continuous operation. When the acetic acid-glucose mixture was used, the phosphate removal decreased down to 60.8%. This was thought to be due to the glucose that reduced the dependency on poly-P as an energy source.
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2016
The aim of the present 1-year study was to investigate the effect of heavy metals in synthetic fe... more The aim of the present 1-year study was to investigate the effect of heavy metals in synthetic fertilizers on water and sediment quality in the Seyfe Lake, where agricultural activity was the only anthropogenic source. Metal concentrations of five different types of synthetic fertilizers used in agricultural fields within the Seyfe Lake closed basin were as follows: Zn &amp;gt; Pb &amp;gt; Cu &amp;gt; Cr &amp;gt; Cd &amp;gt; As &amp;gt; Ni &amp;gt; Co. The annual average of heavy metal concentrations in the sediment samples were as follows: Zn &amp;gt; Pb &amp;gt; As &amp;gt; Cr &amp;gt; Ni &amp;gt; Cu &amp;gt; Cd &amp;gt; Co. Seyfe Lake sediment was classified as anthropogenically &amp;quot;highly polluted&amp;quot; in terms of the As and Zn concentrations at each sample station based on the sediment quality guidelines. Furthermore, the sediment could be classified as &amp;quot;moderately to highly polluted&amp;quot; in terms of the As concentration, based on the geo-accumulation index.
Biological Trace Element Research, 2012
Hair analysis is a promising tool for routine clinical screening and diagnosis of heavy metal exp... more Hair analysis is a promising tool for routine clinical screening and diagnosis of heavy metal exposure and essential trace element status in the human body. Systemic intoxications have been identified by anomalously high values of toxins in hair samples. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between smoking habit of the family members and the levels of toxic and nontoxic trace elements in hair samples of children. The randomized cross-sectional controlled study comprised of 95 children (41 girls and 54 boys) between the ages of 1 and 6 years. After written informed consent was obtained, a face-to-face interview was conducted with the families about educational background, total income of the family, and smoking habits of family members. The mineral elements considered in this study were Zn, Se, B, V, Co, Mo, Mn, iron (Fe), Be, aluminum (Al), As, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), Hg, chromium (Cr), Ag, Be, nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), Sn, and antimony (Sb). Hair mineral contents were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The results showed that the levels of Cd, Pb, Cr, Sb, Fe, and Al in hair samples of children whose parents smoked were significantly higher than those whose parents were nonsmokers. The number of smokers and the frequency of smoking at home were positively correlated with Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Sb levels found. At the same time, it was found that there was no correlation between toxic element concentrations and family income or educational background excluding the levels of Cd. A correlation was observed between the smoking status of family members and levels of toxic trace elements in hair where this correlation was more significant with the levels of Pb and Cd. High socioeconomic status and the level of education of family members did not have any effect on toxic trace levels in hair samples of children.
Water Science & Technology: Water Supply, 2006
Waste activated sludge (WAS) is more difficult to digest than primary sludge due to rate limiting... more Waste activated sludge (WAS) is more difficult to digest than primary sludge due to rate limiting cell hydrolysis. High-power ultrasound can effectively disintegrate the bacterial cells and thus enhance the subsequent digestion. This research examines the effectiveness of ultrasound pretreatment on WAS disintegration at different specific energy inputs, ultrasonic densities and total solids (TS) contents. The results show that the cut diameter (d50) for WAS with 2% TS content declined nearly 6.5-fold at an ultrasonic density of 0.67 W/ml. For higher TS contents of 4 and 6%, higher densities of 1.03 and 0.86 W/ml, respectively, were needed to achieve the same degree of particle size reduction. The efficacy of ultrasonic disintegration measured as soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) release was primarily governed by ultrasonic density (W/ml); whereas ultrasonic density did not show a significant effect on protein release at all TS levels. SCOD release of about 320 mg SCOD/g TS was o...
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2001
In this study an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for an enhanced biological p... more In this study an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor was used for an enhanced biological phosphorus removal. These conditions were tested by a laboratory scale reactor (14 liter) with a synthetic feed, glucose being the sole carbon source. However, enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) was not achieved during this study. A series of batch tests were conducted with various substrates; acetic acid, glucose and the mixture of acetic acid and glucose. High phosphate removal was obtained when acetate was the substrate (68.7%). It was observed that when the acetic acid was used as a sole substrate, the bacteria growing in the alternating anaerobic/aerobic system removed the organic substrate under anaerobic conditions. However, in case of the glucose feed most of the COD removal took place under not truly anaerobic conditions. This also coincides with low phosphate removal (37.8%). These results are in consistent with the results of the continuous operation. When the acetic acid-glucose mixture was used, the phosphate removal decreased down to 60.8%. This was thought to be due to the glucose that reduced the dependency on poly-P as an energy source.