Ram Pratap Sinha | Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (original) (raw)
Papers by Ram Pratap Sinha
Information Technology & Management, Jun 28, 2023
Asian-Pacific Business Review, Jul 1, 2007
The present paper tries to make an asset quality based ranking of select (28) Indian commercial b... more The present paper tries to make an asset quality based ranking of select (28) Indian commercial banks (20 public sector and eight private sector commercial banks) for the five year period 2000–01 to 2005–06 using Data Envelopment Analysis – a non parametric tool. The paper also compares the observed banks in terms of total factor productivity growth for the aforementioned period. The results obtained from the exercise indicate improvement in mean technical efficiency scores in 2004–05 relative to the previous four years. However, mean technical efficiency showed a declined in the next year. The observed private sector banks exhibited higher mean technical efficiency relative to the observed public sector banks for 2000–01 to 2003–04 (and 2005–06) while the reverse is true for 2004–05. The public sector banks, however, exhibit higher mean scale efficiency relative to the observed private sector banks. In so far as total factor productivity growth is concerned, the observed public sector commercial banks exhibited relatively higher Malmquist TFP growth than the observed private sector banks. However, the commercial banks, across ownership groups, exhibited negative mean total factor productivity growth. The negative growth (in real terms) may be the result of emphasis laid on off balance sheet activities on the part of the commercial banks
The IUP Journal of Financial Economics, 2006
Capital adequacy stipulations at the global level have become more demanding following the Basel ... more Capital adequacy stipulations at the global level have become more demanding following the Basel Committee's initiative to introduce internal model-based capital charge. This article considers the three alternative paradigms—Value at Risk (VaR), Expected Shortfall (ES) and Expected Excess Loss (EEL) that may be used to determine the regulatory capital. The study also articulates the methodology for dealing with the granularity problem. Furthermore, it outlines the Indian banking sector scenario in respect of capital adequacy for the period ...
The Indian Economic Journal, 2008
The present paper compares the Indian commercial banks in respect of their technical efficiency t... more The present paper compares the Indian commercial banks in respect of their technical efficiency taking contingent liabilities and other incomes as the output indicators and tries to find out the how total factor productivity changed during the period. For this, single stage and Malmquist DEA have been used. The paper excludes the foreign commercial banks from the discussion. The period of analysis is 2001-02 to 2004-05. Thirty-eight Indian commercial banks have been included in the analysis. The results obtained from the exercise indicate substantial fluctuations in mean technical efficiency scores for the observed years. Further, the mean technical efficiency scores of the observed public sector commercial banks is considerably lower than the observed private sector banks. Both under constant and variable returns to scale, the overall mean technical efficiency score of the observed public sector banks is about 85 per cent of the observed private sector banks. In so far as total factor productivity growth is concerned, the observed commercial banks exhibit negative growth. A comparison of results across bank categories indicate that the observed public sector commercial banks exhibited marginally higher Malmquist TFP Index than the observed private sector banks.
Artha Vijnana: Journal of The Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Mar 1, 2008
The present paper tries to make an asset quality based ranking of select (28) Indian commercial b... more The present paper tries to make an asset quality based ranking of select (28) Indian commercial banks (20 public sector and eight private sector commercial banks) for the five year period 2000–01 to 2005–06 using Data Envelopment Analysis – a non parametric tool. The paper also compares the observed banks in terms of total factor productivity growth for the aforementioned period. The results obtained from the exercise indicate improvement in mean technical efficiency scores in 2004–05 relative to the previous four years. However, mean technical efficiency showed a declined in the next year. The observed private sector banks exhibited higher mean technical efficiency relative to the observed public sector banks for 2000–01 to 2003–04 (and 2005–06) while the reverse is true for 2004–05. The public sector banks, however, exhibit higher mean scale efficiency relative to the observed private sector banks. In so far as total factor productivity growth is concerned, the observed public sector commercial banks exhibited relatively higher Malmquist TFP growth than the observed private sector banks. However, the commercial banks, across ownership groups, exhibited negative mean total factor productivity growth. The negative growth (in real terms) may be the result of emphasis laid on off balance sheet activities on the part of the commercial banks
Metamorphosis: A Journal of Management Research, Sep 28, 2022
Inter-firm performance differences are influenced by several contextual variables, and managerial... more Inter-firm performance differences are influenced by several contextual variables, and managerial ability is one important factor that enables some firms to gain leadership positions in the market and helps them to sustain the advantage over successive time periods. However, managerial ability is the cognitive capability which is not directly observable/measurable. In this article, an indirect estimate of managerial ability under a three-stage approach for 20 Indian general insurance companies based on 120 firm-year observations spread over the period 2012–2013 to 2017–2018 is provided. The three-stage estimation method for the measurement of firm-specific managerial ability includes data envelopment analysis (DEA)-goal programming, pooled regression, residual of the pooled regression, Ordinary Least Squares, and General Additive Model regression. Unlike other studies, in this study, DEA-goal programming method is considered to improve discriminatory power for proper classification of the Indian general insurance companies. The results indicate that the influence is statistically significant.
The IUP Journal of Bank Management, 2006
The study concentrates on twenty public and ten Indian private sector banks. This paper makes use... more The study concentrates on twenty public and ten Indian private sector banks. This paper makes use of two nonparametric methodsthe Free Disposal Hull approach (FDH) and the Data Envelopment approach for construction of the cost frontier for efficiency measurement. In the FDH approach, we take segments of the cost frontier as the benchmark. In the DEA approach, the authors take a linear version of the entire frontier as the benchmark. As per the FDH results, observed public sector commercial banks exhibit higher mean efficiency scores (when the year-wise figures are averaged) than the observed private sector banks when net interest margin or non-interest income are taken as the output indicators. However, if loan is taken as the output indicator, the mean efficiency score of the observed private sector banks is higher than the observed public sector banks. In terms of DEA, the observed private sector commercial banks have higher mean cost, technical and cost efficiencies than the observed public sector commercial banks. In case of allocative efficiency, however, the results indicate fluctuations in efficiency scores across the commercial bank groups when loan is taken as the output indicator. Test of significance has been carried out to examine if the mean cost efficiencies of the two bank groups are significantly different across bank groups. The results are positive for both FDH and DEA.
Croatian Operational Research Review, Dec 22, 2022
In the current millennium, the Indian general insurance market has witnessed major structural cha... more In the current millennium, the Indian general insurance market has witnessed major structural changes because of the establishment of a market regulator and the initiation of entry deregulation. The present study evaluates the efficiency performance of fifteen Indian general insurance companies for the period 2011/12-2016/17 using a robust nonparametric approach. The study also seeks to explain efficiency by considering the influence of environmental variables on the efficiency scores. The results indicate that efficiency is positively related to ownership, insurer age, market share, and return on equity but negatively related to size.
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics, 2021
Decision Analytics Journal
The IUP Journal of Applied Finance, Jul 1, 2014
ABSTRACT Benchmarking of Indian mutual funds is mostly based on ratio approach involving methodol... more ABSTRACT Benchmarking of Indian mutual funds is mostly based on ratio approach involving methodologies suggested by Sharpe and Treynor. The present paper employs Bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for evaluating the performance of a few sectoral mutual fund schemes for the second half of 2010. The study uses input-oriented, output-oriented and graph hyperbolic measures of efficiency for the purpose of bootstrap DEA analysis. The computation is made in “R”.
Studies in Microeconomics, 2021
The present study estimated labour-use efficiency of 48 branches of Assam Gramin Vikash Bank at i... more The present study estimated labour-use efficiency of 48 branches of Assam Gramin Vikash Bank at its branch level, covering three districts of Barak Valley, which falls under Silchar region of the bank for the time period from 2010–2011 to 2017–2018. The study applied data envelopment analysis for estimating labour-use efficiency. In the second stage, the study applied censored Tobit regression for determining the impact of several contextual variables on efficiency. The study reveals that the mean labour-use efficiency score of the selected branches is 76% when averaged for the in-sample branches over the observation period. Results of the Tobit regression identified cluster 2 and total business of the branches as the significant factors for determining efficiency and the number of employees as a significant variable influencing inefficiency. JEL Classifications: G2, G20, G21, J3
Performance evaluation studies of mutual funds operating in the Indian capital markets have mostl... more Performance evaluation studies of mutual funds operating in the Indian capital markets have mostly used ratio analysis involving methodologies suggested by Sharpe and Treynor. The present paper makes use of non-parametric endogenous benchmarking to evaluate the performance of 16 sectoral mutual fund schemes based on observations for the period July-December 2010. The study uses both the reward to variability and reward to lower partial moment framework for the measurement of pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the in-sample mutual fund schemes. The results indicate that 3 schemes achieved technical efficiency in the reward to variability framework while 2 schemes were found to be efficient if one uses the reward to lower partial moment framework.
International Journal of Rural Management, 2021
Increased competition coupled with commercialisation in the Indian microfinance sector has brough... more Increased competition coupled with commercialisation in the Indian microfinance sector has brought about many major transformations. From an impact-driven development programme, microfinance institutions (MFIs) today emerged as commercially oriented profit-making entities. In addition to bringing their commercial and social objectives into balance, MFIs today are striving for efficient level of operation. Efficiency in the level of operation of MFIs allows them to remain competitive and attain financial sustainability. However, it is also imperative for MFIs to remain socially committed towards the ultimate mission of reaching the poorest at the bottom of the pyramid. Hence, it is of research interest to see the trade-off between MFIs’ social objective of spreading outreach and at the same time remaining financially sustainable. Against this backdrop, this article is devoted to study the potential impact of competition and commercialisation on efficiency of MFIs in India and Banglad...
Eurasian Economic Review, 2017
The present study explored the efficiency-solvency linkage in the context of the Indian general i... more The present study explored the efficiency-solvency linkage in the context of the Indian general insurance sector through a two stage analysis. In the first stage, a robust bootstrap approach is followed for the estimation of technical efficiency scores of 16 in-sample public and private sector general insurance companies. In the second stage, the impact of solvency on the efficiency of the insurers has been considered via truncated regression. The results point out a statistically significant relationship between input/output oriented efficiency and solvency ratio.
Global Business Review, 2015
Efficiency studies relating to the Indian life insurance companies have so far used static one-pe... more Efficiency studies relating to the Indian life insurance companies have so far used static one-period data envelopment analysis (DEA) models for the purpose of comparison of performance. A major weakness of the static framework is that the efficiency results are not inter-temporally comparable. In order to overcome this problem, the present study uses a dynamic slacks-based DEA model proposed by Tone and Tsutsui (2010) for performance evaluation of 15 in-sample life insurance companies for a seven-year period (2005–2006 to 2011–2012). The unique selling point (USP) of the present approach is that unlike the conventional static DEA models, the present framework, by using a link variable, connects the observed years and thereby creates a common benchmark. The results reveal significant fluctuations in mean technical efficiency over the period of observation.
Management and Labour Studies, 2010
The paper discusses in brief the implications Basel II regarding assessment of credit risk in the... more The paper discusses in brief the implications Basel II regarding assessment of credit risk in the commercial banking sector under both the standardized approach and the foundation and advanced Internal Rating Based Approach. The paper also provides a brief review of some of the popular credit risk models and discusses the important issues relating to the integration of portfolio credit risk models with the risk bucket rule of BCBS (Basel Committee on Banking Supervision). Finally, the paper provides a brief overview of the RBI initiatives regarding migration to Basel II in the Indian context.
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012
ABSTRACT
Information Technology & Management, Jun 28, 2023
Asian-Pacific Business Review, Jul 1, 2007
The present paper tries to make an asset quality based ranking of select (28) Indian commercial b... more The present paper tries to make an asset quality based ranking of select (28) Indian commercial banks (20 public sector and eight private sector commercial banks) for the five year period 2000–01 to 2005–06 using Data Envelopment Analysis – a non parametric tool. The paper also compares the observed banks in terms of total factor productivity growth for the aforementioned period. The results obtained from the exercise indicate improvement in mean technical efficiency scores in 2004–05 relative to the previous four years. However, mean technical efficiency showed a declined in the next year. The observed private sector banks exhibited higher mean technical efficiency relative to the observed public sector banks for 2000–01 to 2003–04 (and 2005–06) while the reverse is true for 2004–05. The public sector banks, however, exhibit higher mean scale efficiency relative to the observed private sector banks. In so far as total factor productivity growth is concerned, the observed public sector commercial banks exhibited relatively higher Malmquist TFP growth than the observed private sector banks. However, the commercial banks, across ownership groups, exhibited negative mean total factor productivity growth. The negative growth (in real terms) may be the result of emphasis laid on off balance sheet activities on the part of the commercial banks
The IUP Journal of Financial Economics, 2006
Capital adequacy stipulations at the global level have become more demanding following the Basel ... more Capital adequacy stipulations at the global level have become more demanding following the Basel Committee's initiative to introduce internal model-based capital charge. This article considers the three alternative paradigms—Value at Risk (VaR), Expected Shortfall (ES) and Expected Excess Loss (EEL) that may be used to determine the regulatory capital. The study also articulates the methodology for dealing with the granularity problem. Furthermore, it outlines the Indian banking sector scenario in respect of capital adequacy for the period ...
The Indian Economic Journal, 2008
The present paper compares the Indian commercial banks in respect of their technical efficiency t... more The present paper compares the Indian commercial banks in respect of their technical efficiency taking contingent liabilities and other incomes as the output indicators and tries to find out the how total factor productivity changed during the period. For this, single stage and Malmquist DEA have been used. The paper excludes the foreign commercial banks from the discussion. The period of analysis is 2001-02 to 2004-05. Thirty-eight Indian commercial banks have been included in the analysis. The results obtained from the exercise indicate substantial fluctuations in mean technical efficiency scores for the observed years. Further, the mean technical efficiency scores of the observed public sector commercial banks is considerably lower than the observed private sector banks. Both under constant and variable returns to scale, the overall mean technical efficiency score of the observed public sector banks is about 85 per cent of the observed private sector banks. In so far as total factor productivity growth is concerned, the observed commercial banks exhibit negative growth. A comparison of results across bank categories indicate that the observed public sector commercial banks exhibited marginally higher Malmquist TFP Index than the observed private sector banks.
Artha Vijnana: Journal of The Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Mar 1, 2008
The present paper tries to make an asset quality based ranking of select (28) Indian commercial b... more The present paper tries to make an asset quality based ranking of select (28) Indian commercial banks (20 public sector and eight private sector commercial banks) for the five year period 2000–01 to 2005–06 using Data Envelopment Analysis – a non parametric tool. The paper also compares the observed banks in terms of total factor productivity growth for the aforementioned period. The results obtained from the exercise indicate improvement in mean technical efficiency scores in 2004–05 relative to the previous four years. However, mean technical efficiency showed a declined in the next year. The observed private sector banks exhibited higher mean technical efficiency relative to the observed public sector banks for 2000–01 to 2003–04 (and 2005–06) while the reverse is true for 2004–05. The public sector banks, however, exhibit higher mean scale efficiency relative to the observed private sector banks. In so far as total factor productivity growth is concerned, the observed public sector commercial banks exhibited relatively higher Malmquist TFP growth than the observed private sector banks. However, the commercial banks, across ownership groups, exhibited negative mean total factor productivity growth. The negative growth (in real terms) may be the result of emphasis laid on off balance sheet activities on the part of the commercial banks
Metamorphosis: A Journal of Management Research, Sep 28, 2022
Inter-firm performance differences are influenced by several contextual variables, and managerial... more Inter-firm performance differences are influenced by several contextual variables, and managerial ability is one important factor that enables some firms to gain leadership positions in the market and helps them to sustain the advantage over successive time periods. However, managerial ability is the cognitive capability which is not directly observable/measurable. In this article, an indirect estimate of managerial ability under a three-stage approach for 20 Indian general insurance companies based on 120 firm-year observations spread over the period 2012–2013 to 2017–2018 is provided. The three-stage estimation method for the measurement of firm-specific managerial ability includes data envelopment analysis (DEA)-goal programming, pooled regression, residual of the pooled regression, Ordinary Least Squares, and General Additive Model regression. Unlike other studies, in this study, DEA-goal programming method is considered to improve discriminatory power for proper classification of the Indian general insurance companies. The results indicate that the influence is statistically significant.
The IUP Journal of Bank Management, 2006
The study concentrates on twenty public and ten Indian private sector banks. This paper makes use... more The study concentrates on twenty public and ten Indian private sector banks. This paper makes use of two nonparametric methodsthe Free Disposal Hull approach (FDH) and the Data Envelopment approach for construction of the cost frontier for efficiency measurement. In the FDH approach, we take segments of the cost frontier as the benchmark. In the DEA approach, the authors take a linear version of the entire frontier as the benchmark. As per the FDH results, observed public sector commercial banks exhibit higher mean efficiency scores (when the year-wise figures are averaged) than the observed private sector banks when net interest margin or non-interest income are taken as the output indicators. However, if loan is taken as the output indicator, the mean efficiency score of the observed private sector banks is higher than the observed public sector banks. In terms of DEA, the observed private sector commercial banks have higher mean cost, technical and cost efficiencies than the observed public sector commercial banks. In case of allocative efficiency, however, the results indicate fluctuations in efficiency scores across the commercial bank groups when loan is taken as the output indicator. Test of significance has been carried out to examine if the mean cost efficiencies of the two bank groups are significantly different across bank groups. The results are positive for both FDH and DEA.
Croatian Operational Research Review, Dec 22, 2022
In the current millennium, the Indian general insurance market has witnessed major structural cha... more In the current millennium, the Indian general insurance market has witnessed major structural changes because of the establishment of a market regulator and the initiation of entry deregulation. The present study evaluates the efficiency performance of fifteen Indian general insurance companies for the period 2011/12-2016/17 using a robust nonparametric approach. The study also seeks to explain efficiency by considering the influence of environmental variables on the efficiency scores. The results indicate that efficiency is positively related to ownership, insurer age, market share, and return on equity but negatively related to size.
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics, 2021
Decision Analytics Journal
The IUP Journal of Applied Finance, Jul 1, 2014
ABSTRACT Benchmarking of Indian mutual funds is mostly based on ratio approach involving methodol... more ABSTRACT Benchmarking of Indian mutual funds is mostly based on ratio approach involving methodologies suggested by Sharpe and Treynor. The present paper employs Bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for evaluating the performance of a few sectoral mutual fund schemes for the second half of 2010. The study uses input-oriented, output-oriented and graph hyperbolic measures of efficiency for the purpose of bootstrap DEA analysis. The computation is made in “R”.
Studies in Microeconomics, 2021
The present study estimated labour-use efficiency of 48 branches of Assam Gramin Vikash Bank at i... more The present study estimated labour-use efficiency of 48 branches of Assam Gramin Vikash Bank at its branch level, covering three districts of Barak Valley, which falls under Silchar region of the bank for the time period from 2010–2011 to 2017–2018. The study applied data envelopment analysis for estimating labour-use efficiency. In the second stage, the study applied censored Tobit regression for determining the impact of several contextual variables on efficiency. The study reveals that the mean labour-use efficiency score of the selected branches is 76% when averaged for the in-sample branches over the observation period. Results of the Tobit regression identified cluster 2 and total business of the branches as the significant factors for determining efficiency and the number of employees as a significant variable influencing inefficiency. JEL Classifications: G2, G20, G21, J3
Performance evaluation studies of mutual funds operating in the Indian capital markets have mostl... more Performance evaluation studies of mutual funds operating in the Indian capital markets have mostly used ratio analysis involving methodologies suggested by Sharpe and Treynor. The present paper makes use of non-parametric endogenous benchmarking to evaluate the performance of 16 sectoral mutual fund schemes based on observations for the period July-December 2010. The study uses both the reward to variability and reward to lower partial moment framework for the measurement of pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the in-sample mutual fund schemes. The results indicate that 3 schemes achieved technical efficiency in the reward to variability framework while 2 schemes were found to be efficient if one uses the reward to lower partial moment framework.
International Journal of Rural Management, 2021
Increased competition coupled with commercialisation in the Indian microfinance sector has brough... more Increased competition coupled with commercialisation in the Indian microfinance sector has brought about many major transformations. From an impact-driven development programme, microfinance institutions (MFIs) today emerged as commercially oriented profit-making entities. In addition to bringing their commercial and social objectives into balance, MFIs today are striving for efficient level of operation. Efficiency in the level of operation of MFIs allows them to remain competitive and attain financial sustainability. However, it is also imperative for MFIs to remain socially committed towards the ultimate mission of reaching the poorest at the bottom of the pyramid. Hence, it is of research interest to see the trade-off between MFIs’ social objective of spreading outreach and at the same time remaining financially sustainable. Against this backdrop, this article is devoted to study the potential impact of competition and commercialisation on efficiency of MFIs in India and Banglad...
Eurasian Economic Review, 2017
The present study explored the efficiency-solvency linkage in the context of the Indian general i... more The present study explored the efficiency-solvency linkage in the context of the Indian general insurance sector through a two stage analysis. In the first stage, a robust bootstrap approach is followed for the estimation of technical efficiency scores of 16 in-sample public and private sector general insurance companies. In the second stage, the impact of solvency on the efficiency of the insurers has been considered via truncated regression. The results point out a statistically significant relationship between input/output oriented efficiency and solvency ratio.
Global Business Review, 2015
Efficiency studies relating to the Indian life insurance companies have so far used static one-pe... more Efficiency studies relating to the Indian life insurance companies have so far used static one-period data envelopment analysis (DEA) models for the purpose of comparison of performance. A major weakness of the static framework is that the efficiency results are not inter-temporally comparable. In order to overcome this problem, the present study uses a dynamic slacks-based DEA model proposed by Tone and Tsutsui (2010) for performance evaluation of 15 in-sample life insurance companies for a seven-year period (2005–2006 to 2011–2012). The unique selling point (USP) of the present approach is that unlike the conventional static DEA models, the present framework, by using a link variable, connects the observed years and thereby creates a common benchmark. The results reveal significant fluctuations in mean technical efficiency over the period of observation.
Management and Labour Studies, 2010
The paper discusses in brief the implications Basel II regarding assessment of credit risk in the... more The paper discusses in brief the implications Basel II regarding assessment of credit risk in the commercial banking sector under both the standardized approach and the foundation and advanced Internal Rating Based Approach. The paper also provides a brief review of some of the popular credit risk models and discusses the important issues relating to the integration of portfolio credit risk models with the risk bucket rule of BCBS (Basel Committee on Banking Supervision). Finally, the paper provides a brief overview of the RBI initiatives regarding migration to Basel II in the Indian context.
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012
ABSTRACT