Muhammad Azam Khan | Government College for Men, Nazimabad. karachi (original) (raw)
Papers by Muhammad Azam Khan
A25. PREDICTING DEVELOPMENT AND OUTCOMES IN ACUTE LUNG INJURY, 2012
B57. IMPROVING OUTCOME IN TUBERCULOSIS, 2012
C48. SEPSIS, 2011
To determine if red cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with all-cause mortality in patie... more To determine if red cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with all-cause mortality in patients on chronic dialysis and to evaluate its prognostic value among validated prognostic biomarkers. This is a single center, prospective longitudinal study. At the time of inclusion in January 2011, all patients were physically examined and a routine blood analysis was performed. A sera sample was preserved for determination of NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) and eosinophil cationic protein. Carotid intima media thickness (IMT) was also measured. Following one year, all-cause mortality was evaluated. Of 100 patients, 25 patients died during the follow-up period of one-year. Patients who died had significantly higher median [range] RDW levels (16.7% [14.3-19.5] vs 15.5% [13.2-19.7], P<0.001. They had significantly higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (4 [2-4] vs 2 [1-4], Plt;0.001), increased intima-media thickness (IMT) (0.71 [0.47-1.25] vs 0.63 [0.31-1.55], P=0.011), increased NT-pro-BNP levels (8300 [1108-35000] vs 4837 [413-35000], P=0.043), and increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (11.6 [1.3-154.2] vs 4.9 [0.4-92.9], Plt;0.001). For each 1% point increase in RDW level as a continuous variable, one-year all cause mortality risk was increased by 54% in univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis. In the final model, when RDW was entered as a categorical variable, mortality risk was significantly increased (hazard ratio, 5.15, 95% confidence interval, 2.33 to 11.36) and patients with RDW levels above 15.75% had significantly shorter survival time (Log rank Plt;0.001) than others. RDW could be an additive predictor for all-cause mortality in patients on chronic dialysis. Furthermore, RDW combined with sound clinical judgment improves identification of patients who are at increased risk compared to RDW alone.
B27. ACUTE PULMONARY EMBOLISM: DIAGNOSIS, RISK STRATIFICATION AND TREATMENT, 2011
B27. ACUTE PULMONARY EMBOLISM: DIAGNOSIS, RISK STRATIFICATION AND TREATMENT, 2011
Pulmonary Division.St. Joseph's Regional Medical Center/Seton Hall University School of heal... more Pulmonary Division.St. Joseph's Regional Medical Center/Seton Hall University School of health and medical sciences, Paterson, NJ, St 1 ... Joseph's Regional Medical Center, paterson, NJ, Seton Hall University/St. Joseph Regional Medical Center, Paterson, NJ, Seton Hall 3
Genes, 2014
The customary consanguineous nuptials in Pakistan underlie the frequent occurrence of autosomal r... more The customary consanguineous nuptials in Pakistan underlie the frequent occurrence of autosomal recessive inherited disorders, including retinal dystrophy (RD). In many studies, homozygosity mapping has been shown to be successful in mapping susceptibility loci for autosomal recessive inherited disease. RDs are the most frequent cause of inherited blindness worldwide. To date there is no comprehensive genetic overview of different RDs in Pakistan. In this review, genetic data of syndromic and non-syndromic RD families from Pakistan has been collected. Out of the 132 genes known to be involved in non-syndromic RD, 35 different genes have been reported to be mutated in families of Pakistani origin. In the Pakistani RD families 90% of the mutations causing non-syndromic RD and all mutations causing syndromic forms of the disease have not
Food Research International, 2014
Production of wastes during the processing of meat products is not desirable because it significa... more Production of wastes during the processing of meat products is not desirable because it significantly deteriorates the quality of the final product as well as causes some serious health threats if not properly disposed-off. The majority of the waste, in the meat industry is produced during slaughtering. The composition of waste generated by the meat industry depends on species of animals slaughtered. The waste material of the meat processing industry contains plentiful amount of organic compounds due to which its disposal is quite difficult. Efficient utilization of byproducts has direct impact on the economy of the country and reduce environmental pollution. Edible meat byproducts are claimed to have high nutritional value as compared to the lean meat. Organ meats can be used for human consumption, animal feed production and medicinal purposes after proper treatment and processing. This article provides information regarding the waste material generated by meat processing plants, its health impacts, nutritional status of meat by-products and their utilization.
Advanced Materials Research, 2014
Atlas of Rheumatology, 2000
Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2000
... Hamidullah Shah Amir Zada Khan Syed Muhammad Ashhad Halimi Nematullah Khan Waqar Ahma... more ... Hamidullah Shah Amir Zada Khan Syed Muhammad Ashhad Halimi Nematullah Khan Waqar Ahmad Kaleem Mughal Qayum Adnan Shahidullah Muhammad Azam Khan ... Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur Ahmed E, Arshad M, Ahmad M, Saeed M, Ishaque M (2004 ...
International Journal for Agro Veterinary and Medical Sciences, 2007
Transition Studies Review, 2012
ABSTRACT This study examines the potential effect of political risk and macroeconomic policy unce... more ABSTRACT This study examines the potential effect of political risk and macroeconomic policy uncertainty on FDI in South Asia. To highlight the affect of political risk and macro policy uncertainty on FDI, we setup a theoretical framework based on oligopolistic and imperfect competition environment in host country. Autoregressive distributed lags (ARDL) is used to examine the impact of political risk and macro economic policy uncertainty index on FDI inflows. Macroeconomic policy uncertainty and political risk indices are constructed for this purpose. The long run results show negative affect of political risk and macroeconomic policy uncertainty indices on FDI inflows. Trade openness shows positive effect on FDI inflows only in short run while in long run it has negative impact on due lack of creditability regarding consistent trade liberalization policy and high trade cost. Furthermore, the market size significantly affects the inflow of FDI both in long run and short run which shows that FDI inflows in South Asia are mainly depend on market size. South Asian economies need to focus on political and macroeconomic factors along with FDI incentives policies to attract more FDI.
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011
... Ex. Poir, Cucurbitaceae, Squash The large fruits are used as vegetable and for making squash.... more ... Ex. Poir, Cucurbitaceae, Squash The large fruits are used as vegetable and for making squash. Cucurbita pepo L. Schrad, Cucurbitaceae Dubbri, Safaid, Pumpkin. The fruits are used as vegetable. Luffa aegyptiaca Miller ex.Hk.f, Cucurbitaceae, Tori, Vegetable sponge. ...
Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 2007
Quartic non-polynomial splines are used to develop a new numerical method for computing approxima... more Quartic non-polynomial splines are used to develop a new numerical method for computing approximations to the solution of a system of third-order boundary-value problems associated with obstacle, unilateral, and contact problems. It is shown that the new method gives approximations, which are better than those produced by other collocation, finite-difference, and spline methods. Convergence analysis of the method is discussed through standard procedures. A numerical example is given to illustrate the applicability and efficiency of the novel method. .pk (I.A. Tirmizi), azam_giki@hotmail.com (M.A. Khan).
Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 2006
A family of fourth and second-order accurate numerical schemes is presented for the solution of f... more A family of fourth and second-order accurate numerical schemes is presented for the solution of fifthorder boundary-value problems with two-point-boundary conditions. The non-polynomial sextic spline functions are applied to construct the numerical algorithms. This approach generalizes polynomial spline algorithms, and provides solution at every point of range of integration. Convergence of the methods is discussed through standard convergence analysis. A numerical illustration is given to show the pertinent features of the technique.
Irrigation Science, 2013
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the Cropping System Model (CSM)-... more The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the Cropping System Model (CSM)-CERES (Crop-Environment Resource Synthesis)-Rice for simulating growth and yield of rice under irrigated conditions for a semiarid environment in Pakistan and to determine the impact of plant density and irrigation regime on grain yield and economic returns. The crop simulation model was evaluated with experimental data collected in 2000 and 2001 in Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. The experiment utilized a randomized complete block design with three replications and included three plant densities (one seedling hill -1 , PD 1 ; two seedlings hill -1 , PD 2 ; and three seedlings hill -1 , PD 3 ) and five irrigation regimes (625 mm, I 1 ; 775 mm, I 2 ; 925 mm, I 3 ; 1075 mm, I 4 ; and 1225 mm, I 5 ). To determine the most appropriate combination of plant densities and irrigation regimes, four plant densities from one seedling hill -1 to four seedlings hill -1 and 17 irrigation regimes ranging from 0 to 1600 mm, for a total of 68 different scenarios, were simulated for 35 years of historical daily weather data. The evaluation of CSM-CERES-Rice showed that the model was able to accurately simulate growth and yield of rice for irrigated semiarid conditions, with an average error of 11% between simulated and observed grain yield. The results of the biophysical analysis showed that the combination of the two seedlings hill -1 plant density and the 1,300 mm irrigation regime produced the highest yield compared to all other scenarios. Furthermore, the economic analysis through the Mean-Gini Dominance (MGD) also showed the superiority of this treatment compared to the other treatment combinations. The mean monetary return ranged from -47 to 1,265 $ ha -1 among all 68 scenarios. However, to be able to furnish the demand of rice grain for local consumption and to increase export, there is a need to expand this technology among the rice growers of other rice producing areas in Pakistan through extension workers.
Applied Mathematics and Computation, 2008
Non-polynomial splines, which are equivalent to seven-degree polynomial splines, are used to deve... more Non-polynomial splines, which are equivalent to seven-degree polynomial splines, are used to develop a class of numerical methods for computing approximations to the solution of sixth-order boundary-value problems with two-point boundary conditions. Second-, fourth- and sixth-order convergence is obtained by using standard procedure. It is shown that the present methods give approximations, which are better than those produced by other spline and domain decomposition methods. Numerical examples are given to illustrate practical usefulness of the new approach.
Applied Mathematics and Computation, 2006
We use a cubic spline equivalent nonpolynomial spline functions to develop a numerical method for... more We use a cubic spline equivalent nonpolynomial spline functions to develop a numerical method for computing approximations to the solution of a system of second-order boundary-value problems associated with obstacle, unilateral, and contact problems. We show that the present method gives approximations which are better than those produced by other collocation, finite difference and spline methods. Convergence analysis of the method is discussed. A numerical example is given to illustrate practical usefulness of our method.
Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 2006
A family of fourth and second-order accurate numerical schemes is presented for the solution of f... more A family of fourth and second-order accurate numerical schemes is presented for the solution of fifth-order boundary-value problems with two-point-boundary conditions. The non-polynomial sextic spline functions are applied to construct the numerical algorithms. This approach generalizes polynomial spline algorithms, and provides solution at every point of range of integration. Convergence of the methods is discussed through standard convergence analysis. A numerical illustration is given to show the pertinent features of the technique.
A25. PREDICTING DEVELOPMENT AND OUTCOMES IN ACUTE LUNG INJURY, 2012
B57. IMPROVING OUTCOME IN TUBERCULOSIS, 2012
C48. SEPSIS, 2011
To determine if red cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with all-cause mortality in patie... more To determine if red cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with all-cause mortality in patients on chronic dialysis and to evaluate its prognostic value among validated prognostic biomarkers. This is a single center, prospective longitudinal study. At the time of inclusion in January 2011, all patients were physically examined and a routine blood analysis was performed. A sera sample was preserved for determination of NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) and eosinophil cationic protein. Carotid intima media thickness (IMT) was also measured. Following one year, all-cause mortality was evaluated. Of 100 patients, 25 patients died during the follow-up period of one-year. Patients who died had significantly higher median [range] RDW levels (16.7% [14.3-19.5] vs 15.5% [13.2-19.7], P<0.001. They had significantly higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (4 [2-4] vs 2 [1-4], Plt;0.001), increased intima-media thickness (IMT) (0.71 [0.47-1.25] vs 0.63 [0.31-1.55], P=0.011), increased NT-pro-BNP levels (8300 [1108-35000] vs 4837 [413-35000], P=0.043), and increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (11.6 [1.3-154.2] vs 4.9 [0.4-92.9], Plt;0.001). For each 1% point increase in RDW level as a continuous variable, one-year all cause mortality risk was increased by 54% in univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis. In the final model, when RDW was entered as a categorical variable, mortality risk was significantly increased (hazard ratio, 5.15, 95% confidence interval, 2.33 to 11.36) and patients with RDW levels above 15.75% had significantly shorter survival time (Log rank Plt;0.001) than others. RDW could be an additive predictor for all-cause mortality in patients on chronic dialysis. Furthermore, RDW combined with sound clinical judgment improves identification of patients who are at increased risk compared to RDW alone.
B27. ACUTE PULMONARY EMBOLISM: DIAGNOSIS, RISK STRATIFICATION AND TREATMENT, 2011
B27. ACUTE PULMONARY EMBOLISM: DIAGNOSIS, RISK STRATIFICATION AND TREATMENT, 2011
Pulmonary Division.St. Joseph's Regional Medical Center/Seton Hall University School of heal... more Pulmonary Division.St. Joseph's Regional Medical Center/Seton Hall University School of health and medical sciences, Paterson, NJ, St 1 ... Joseph's Regional Medical Center, paterson, NJ, Seton Hall University/St. Joseph Regional Medical Center, Paterson, NJ, Seton Hall 3
Genes, 2014
The customary consanguineous nuptials in Pakistan underlie the frequent occurrence of autosomal r... more The customary consanguineous nuptials in Pakistan underlie the frequent occurrence of autosomal recessive inherited disorders, including retinal dystrophy (RD). In many studies, homozygosity mapping has been shown to be successful in mapping susceptibility loci for autosomal recessive inherited disease. RDs are the most frequent cause of inherited blindness worldwide. To date there is no comprehensive genetic overview of different RDs in Pakistan. In this review, genetic data of syndromic and non-syndromic RD families from Pakistan has been collected. Out of the 132 genes known to be involved in non-syndromic RD, 35 different genes have been reported to be mutated in families of Pakistani origin. In the Pakistani RD families 90% of the mutations causing non-syndromic RD and all mutations causing syndromic forms of the disease have not
Food Research International, 2014
Production of wastes during the processing of meat products is not desirable because it significa... more Production of wastes during the processing of meat products is not desirable because it significantly deteriorates the quality of the final product as well as causes some serious health threats if not properly disposed-off. The majority of the waste, in the meat industry is produced during slaughtering. The composition of waste generated by the meat industry depends on species of animals slaughtered. The waste material of the meat processing industry contains plentiful amount of organic compounds due to which its disposal is quite difficult. Efficient utilization of byproducts has direct impact on the economy of the country and reduce environmental pollution. Edible meat byproducts are claimed to have high nutritional value as compared to the lean meat. Organ meats can be used for human consumption, animal feed production and medicinal purposes after proper treatment and processing. This article provides information regarding the waste material generated by meat processing plants, its health impacts, nutritional status of meat by-products and their utilization.
Advanced Materials Research, 2014
Atlas of Rheumatology, 2000
Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2000
... Hamidullah Shah Amir Zada Khan Syed Muhammad Ashhad Halimi Nematullah Khan Waqar Ahma... more ... Hamidullah Shah Amir Zada Khan Syed Muhammad Ashhad Halimi Nematullah Khan Waqar Ahmad Kaleem Mughal Qayum Adnan Shahidullah Muhammad Azam Khan ... Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur Ahmed E, Arshad M, Ahmad M, Saeed M, Ishaque M (2004 ...
International Journal for Agro Veterinary and Medical Sciences, 2007
Transition Studies Review, 2012
ABSTRACT This study examines the potential effect of political risk and macroeconomic policy unce... more ABSTRACT This study examines the potential effect of political risk and macroeconomic policy uncertainty on FDI in South Asia. To highlight the affect of political risk and macro policy uncertainty on FDI, we setup a theoretical framework based on oligopolistic and imperfect competition environment in host country. Autoregressive distributed lags (ARDL) is used to examine the impact of political risk and macro economic policy uncertainty index on FDI inflows. Macroeconomic policy uncertainty and political risk indices are constructed for this purpose. The long run results show negative affect of political risk and macroeconomic policy uncertainty indices on FDI inflows. Trade openness shows positive effect on FDI inflows only in short run while in long run it has negative impact on due lack of creditability regarding consistent trade liberalization policy and high trade cost. Furthermore, the market size significantly affects the inflow of FDI both in long run and short run which shows that FDI inflows in South Asia are mainly depend on market size. South Asian economies need to focus on political and macroeconomic factors along with FDI incentives policies to attract more FDI.
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011
... Ex. Poir, Cucurbitaceae, Squash The large fruits are used as vegetable and for making squash.... more ... Ex. Poir, Cucurbitaceae, Squash The large fruits are used as vegetable and for making squash. Cucurbita pepo L. Schrad, Cucurbitaceae Dubbri, Safaid, Pumpkin. The fruits are used as vegetable. Luffa aegyptiaca Miller ex.Hk.f, Cucurbitaceae, Tori, Vegetable sponge. ...
Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 2007
Quartic non-polynomial splines are used to develop a new numerical method for computing approxima... more Quartic non-polynomial splines are used to develop a new numerical method for computing approximations to the solution of a system of third-order boundary-value problems associated with obstacle, unilateral, and contact problems. It is shown that the new method gives approximations, which are better than those produced by other collocation, finite-difference, and spline methods. Convergence analysis of the method is discussed through standard procedures. A numerical example is given to illustrate the applicability and efficiency of the novel method. .pk (I.A. Tirmizi), azam_giki@hotmail.com (M.A. Khan).
Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 2006
A family of fourth and second-order accurate numerical schemes is presented for the solution of f... more A family of fourth and second-order accurate numerical schemes is presented for the solution of fifthorder boundary-value problems with two-point-boundary conditions. The non-polynomial sextic spline functions are applied to construct the numerical algorithms. This approach generalizes polynomial spline algorithms, and provides solution at every point of range of integration. Convergence of the methods is discussed through standard convergence analysis. A numerical illustration is given to show the pertinent features of the technique.
Irrigation Science, 2013
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the Cropping System Model (CSM)-... more The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the Cropping System Model (CSM)-CERES (Crop-Environment Resource Synthesis)-Rice for simulating growth and yield of rice under irrigated conditions for a semiarid environment in Pakistan and to determine the impact of plant density and irrigation regime on grain yield and economic returns. The crop simulation model was evaluated with experimental data collected in 2000 and 2001 in Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. The experiment utilized a randomized complete block design with three replications and included three plant densities (one seedling hill -1 , PD 1 ; two seedlings hill -1 , PD 2 ; and three seedlings hill -1 , PD 3 ) and five irrigation regimes (625 mm, I 1 ; 775 mm, I 2 ; 925 mm, I 3 ; 1075 mm, I 4 ; and 1225 mm, I 5 ). To determine the most appropriate combination of plant densities and irrigation regimes, four plant densities from one seedling hill -1 to four seedlings hill -1 and 17 irrigation regimes ranging from 0 to 1600 mm, for a total of 68 different scenarios, were simulated for 35 years of historical daily weather data. The evaluation of CSM-CERES-Rice showed that the model was able to accurately simulate growth and yield of rice for irrigated semiarid conditions, with an average error of 11% between simulated and observed grain yield. The results of the biophysical analysis showed that the combination of the two seedlings hill -1 plant density and the 1,300 mm irrigation regime produced the highest yield compared to all other scenarios. Furthermore, the economic analysis through the Mean-Gini Dominance (MGD) also showed the superiority of this treatment compared to the other treatment combinations. The mean monetary return ranged from -47 to 1,265 $ ha -1 among all 68 scenarios. However, to be able to furnish the demand of rice grain for local consumption and to increase export, there is a need to expand this technology among the rice growers of other rice producing areas in Pakistan through extension workers.
Applied Mathematics and Computation, 2008
Non-polynomial splines, which are equivalent to seven-degree polynomial splines, are used to deve... more Non-polynomial splines, which are equivalent to seven-degree polynomial splines, are used to develop a class of numerical methods for computing approximations to the solution of sixth-order boundary-value problems with two-point boundary conditions. Second-, fourth- and sixth-order convergence is obtained by using standard procedure. It is shown that the present methods give approximations, which are better than those produced by other spline and domain decomposition methods. Numerical examples are given to illustrate practical usefulness of the new approach.
Applied Mathematics and Computation, 2006
We use a cubic spline equivalent nonpolynomial spline functions to develop a numerical method for... more We use a cubic spline equivalent nonpolynomial spline functions to develop a numerical method for computing approximations to the solution of a system of second-order boundary-value problems associated with obstacle, unilateral, and contact problems. We show that the present method gives approximations which are better than those produced by other collocation, finite difference and spline methods. Convergence analysis of the method is discussed. A numerical example is given to illustrate practical usefulness of our method.
Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 2006
A family of fourth and second-order accurate numerical schemes is presented for the solution of f... more A family of fourth and second-order accurate numerical schemes is presented for the solution of fifth-order boundary-value problems with two-point-boundary conditions. The non-polynomial sextic spline functions are applied to construct the numerical algorithms. This approach generalizes polynomial spline algorithms, and provides solution at every point of range of integration. Convergence of the methods is discussed through standard convergence analysis. A numerical illustration is given to show the pertinent features of the technique.