Amobi Onovo | University of Geneva, Switzerland (original) (raw)

Papers by Amobi Onovo

Methods of Information in Medicine

Background Timely and reliable data are crucial for clinical, epidemiologic, and program manageme... more Background Timely and reliable data are crucial for clinical, epidemiologic, and program management decision making. Electronic health information systems provide platforms for managing large longitudinal patient records. Nigeria implemented the National Data Repository (NDR) to create a central data warehouse of all people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) while providing useful functionalities to aid decision making at different levels of program implementation. Objective We describe the Nigeria NDR and its development process, including its use for surveillance, research, and national HIV program monitoring toward achieving HIV epidemic control. Methods Stakeholder engagement meetings were held in 2013 to gather information on data elements and vocabulary standards for reporting patient-level information, technical infrastructure, human capacity requirements, and information flow. Findings from these meetings guided the development of the NDR. An implementation gui...

IntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that was first ... more IntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that was first reported in Wuhan1,2, China, and has subsequently spread worldwide. Knowledge of coronavirus-related risk factors can help countries build more systematic and successful responses to COVID-19 disease outbreak. Here we used Supervised Machine Learning and Empirical Bayesian Kriging (EBK) techniques to reveal correlates and patterns of COVID-19 Disease outbreak in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).MethodsWe analyzed time series aggregate data compiled by Johns Hopkins University on the outbreak of COVID-19 disease across SSA. COVID-19 data was merged with additional data on socio-demographic and health indicator survey data for 39 of SSA’s 48 countries that reported confirmed cases and deaths from coronavirus between February 28, 2020 through March 26, 2020. We used supervised machine learning algorithm, Lasso for variable selection and statistical inference. EBK was used to also create a raster es...

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 2013

Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 57% of Adults living with HIV are Women.HIV prev... more Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 57% of Adults living with HIV are Women.HIV prevalence in Cross River State is 7.1%, compared to National of 4.1%. This study aims to ascertain the HIV prevalence rates among men and women assessing HIV Testing and Counseling (HTC) services in Nigeria's South-South region. Methods: Cross-Sectional quantitative study was conducted in November, 2011 among clients who received HTC services in 34 Primary Health centers across 5 LGAs of Cross River state. Relevant data of HIV Sero-Status of clients were collected from provider administered HTC client intake forms. Data was analyzed using Pearson Chi-Square. Results: 690 clients 316 (45.8%) male and 374 (54.2%) females were tested for HIV using Determine Abbott test kits. Age distribution of clients ranged from 18-41 years with mean age of 29.5 years. Prevalence of HIV among clients is 4.2% (29/690) with women contributing 7.0% (25/374) as compared with Men 1.2% (4/316). There was a significant association between HIV Sero-Status of Men and Women, (Pearson Chi-Square, P= 0.01). Conclusion: This result indicates that HIV Prevalence among women is disproportionately greater than that among men in Cross River state which appeared significant at the 95% confidence interval.

Background: The HIV epidemic in Nigeria is concentrated in Key Populations (KP), people who injec... more Background: The HIV epidemic in Nigeria is concentrated in Key Populations (KP), people who inject drugs (PWID), men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW), and partners of people living with HIV. Due to stigma and discrimination, these groups have poor access to HIV testing services (HTS) and linkage to treatment is challenging. To address this gap, index case testing, targeting sexual contacts and injecting partners of KP index clients, was introduced in 2017.MethodsHTS was offered between October 1, 2018 and September 30, 2019 in nightclubs, hotels, or community-based ART clinics in Akwa Ibom, Cross River and Lagos states. Index testing was assisted by peer navigators. In-person and social network methods were used to mobilize partners of KP. We described the feasibility of implementing index testing, analyzed Partner Notification (PN) delivery models, and calculated HIV seropositivity among persons who underwent Index Testing. Findings: We found that a mixed appro...

Study regions and state. (PDF 373Â kb)

HIVQual sample size determination chart based on 95Â % CI. (PDF 173Â kb)

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 2021

Background The assessment of geographical heterogeneity of HIV among men who have sex with men (M... more Background The assessment of geographical heterogeneity of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) and people who inject drugs (PWID) can usefully inform targeted HIV prevention and care strategies. Objective We aimed to measure HIV seroprevalence and identify hotspots of HIV infection among MSM and PWID in Nigeria. Methods We included all MSM and PWID accessing HIV testing services across 7 prioritized states (Lagos, Nasarawa, Akwa Ibom, Cross Rivers, Rivers, Benue, and the Federal Capital Territory) in 3 geographic regions (North Central, South South, and South West) between October 1, 2016, and September 30, 2017. We extracted data from national testing registers, georeferenced all HIV test results aggregated at the local government area level, and calculated HIV seroprevalence. We calculated and compared HIV seroprevalence from our study to the 2014 integrated biological and behavioural surveillance survey and used global spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis to highlig...

BioMed

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Journal of Virus Eradication

Background: Assessment of geographical heterogeneity of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM)... more Background: Assessment of geographical heterogeneity of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) and people who inject drugs (PWID) can usefully inform targeted HIV prevention and care strategies. We aimed to measure HIV prevalence and identify hotspots of HIV infection among MSM and PWID in Nigeria. Methods: We included all MSM and PWID accessing HIV testing services across seven prioritized states (Lagos, Nasarawa, Akwa Ibom, Cross Rivers, Rivers, Benue and the Federal Capital Territory) in three geographic regions (North Central, South South, South West) between Oct 1, 2016 and Sept 30, 2017. We extracted data from national testing registers, georeferenced all HIV test results aggregated at the level of Local Government Areas (LGAs), and calculated HIV prevalence. We calculated and compared HIV prevalence from our study to the integrated biological and behavioral surveillance survey (IBBSS) 2014 and used global spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis to highlight patterns o...

Journal of the International AIDS Society

Introduction: "Treat All"the treatment of all people with HIV, irrespective of disease stage or C... more Introduction: "Treat All"the treatment of all people with HIV, irrespective of disease stage or CD4 cell countrepresents a paradigm shift in HIV care that has the potential to end AIDS as a public health threat. With accelerating implementation of Treat All in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), there is a need for a focused agenda and research to identify and inform strategies for promoting timely uptake of HIV treatment, retention in care, and sustained viral suppression and addressing bottlenecks impeding implementation. Methods: The Delphi approach was used to develop consensus around research priorities for Treat All implementation in SSA. Through an iterative process (June 2017 to March 2018), a set of research priorities was collectively formulated and refined by a technical working group and shared for review, deliberation and prioritization by more than 200 researchers, implementation experts, policy/decision-makers, and HIV community representatives in East, Central, Southern and West Africa. Results and discussion: The process resulted in a list of nine research priorities for generating evidence to guide Treat All policies, implementation strategies and monitoring efforts. These priorities highlight the need for increased focus on adolescents, men, and those with mental health and substance use disordersgroups that remain underserved in SSA and for whom more effective testing, linkage and care strategies need to be identified. The priorities also reflect consensus on the need to: (1) generate accurate national and sub-national estimates of the size of key populations and describe those who remain underserved along the HIV-care continuum; (2) characterize the timeliness of HIV care and short-and long-term HIV care continuum outcomes, as well as factors influencing timely achievement of these outcomes; (3) estimate the incidence and prevalence of HIV-drug resistance and regimen switching; and (4) identify cost-effective and affordable service delivery models and strategies to optimize uptake and minimize gaps, disparities, and losses along the HIV-care continuum, particularly among underserved populations. Conclusions: Reflecting consensus among a broad group of experts, researchers, policy-and decision-makers, PLWH, and other stakeholders, the resulting research priorities highlight important evidence gaps that are relevant for ministries of health, funders, normative bodies and research networks.