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Papers by Rajvir Kaur SRAW

Materials Today: Proceedings, 2022

The aim of the present study is to degrade Malachite green (MG) dye electrochemically, which is b... more The aim of the present study is to degrade Malachite green (MG) dye electrochemically, which is become an alternative attractive method in recent years. The degradation of dye was studied in KCl as supporting electrolyte medium at graphite anode and platinum cathode under amperostatic condition. The variation of the dye concentration was accessed by UV-Visible measurements and Chemical oxygen demand (COD) reductions were also performed. The results clearly shown that at the optimum conditions(current density = 1.805 mA cm-2 , initial dye concentration = 100 mgL-1 , KCl concentration = 5 gL-1 , Temperature = 25 ± 2 °C, pH = 4, electrode gap = 1 cm), 99% MG degradation and 82% of reduction in COD was achieved within 120 min during electrolysis with maximum energy resource management, i.e., 21.212 KWh kg-1. The reaction mechanism of electrocatalytic MG degradation was characterized with mass spectrum and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Kinetic studies showed that at di...

Chemical Science Transactions

Toxicity caused by the presence of synthetic dyes in aquatic system is extremely important from t... more Toxicity caused by the presence of synthetic dyes in aquatic system is extremely important from the environmental point of view because most of these dyes are toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic. In the present work the ability to remove 'Congo red' from aqueous solution has been studied by using waste material Pigeon dropping, as an adsorbent. Effects of various parameters on adsorption process such as; contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentrations, pH and temperature was studied. The isotherm data was described by the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The kinetic data were used for modelling from the second-order kinetic models and intra-particle diffusion model. The thermodynamic studies showed that the process is exothermic and physiosorption. The present investigation confirms that Pigeon dropping can be successfully employed as a good adsorbent for the removal of dye from effluent.

Moroccan Journal of Chemistry, 2016

The demand of water doubles globally due to rapid increase in population and industrial activitie... more The demand of water doubles globally due to rapid increase in population and industrial activities. With the development of dye industries, the dye waste water has become one of the important environmental problem. In order to evaluate the feasibility of removal of basic dye Rhodamine B from aqueous solution, the electrolysis of aqueous solution of dye has been carried out at graphite electrodes. The various parameters, which influence the extent of removal of dye such as, initial dye concentration, amount of supporting electrolyte, current density, electrolysis time, pH and electrode material have been determined. It is concluded that the electrochemical degradation can be used effectively as a pre-treatment alternative for dye removal and COD reduction in aqueous solution before conventional treatment.

The aim of the present study is to degrade Malachite green (MG) dye electrochemically, which is b... more The aim of the present study is to degrade Malachite green (MG) dye electrochemically, which is become an alternative attractive method in recent years. The degradation of dye was studied in KCl as supporting electrolyte medium at graphite anode and platinum cathode under amperostatic condition. The variation of the dye concentration was accessed by UV-Visible measurements and Chemical oxygen demand (COD) reductions were also performed. The results clearly shown that at the optimum conditions(current density = 1.805 mA cm -2 , initial dye concentration = 100 mgL -1 , KCl concentration = 5 gL -1 , Temperature = 25 ± 2 °C, pH = 4, electrode gap = 1 cm), 99% MG degradation and 82% of reduction in COD was achieved within 120 min during electrolysis with maximum energy resource management, i.e., 21.212 KWh kg -1 . The reaction mechanism of electrocatalytic MG degradation was characterized with mass spectrum and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Kinetic studies showed that ...

Asian Journal of Chemistry

In the present work the efficiency of activated carbon made from stems of Ricinus communis (CRC) ... more In the present work the efficiency of activated carbon made from stems of Ricinus communis (CRC) has been studied for removal of anionic dye- Amido black 10B from aqueous solution. The adsorbent has been characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformer infrared (FT-IR). The effects of various experimental parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentrations, pH, concentration of salt and temperature have been studied. Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin isotherm models have been used for describing the adsorption process. Of these, Langmuir isotherm model has best fitted the experimental data with a maximum adsorption capacity of 7.12 mg/g. Kinetics studies indicate that the adsorption of Amido black 10B has favoured toward pseudo-second-order model with high correlation coefficients. Thermodynamics parameters confirmed that the adsorption has been found to be spontaneous and endothermic in nature. These results suggested that CRC has...

Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta

The present work has been carried out to study the mechanism of electrochemical degradation of Co... more The present work has been carried out to study the mechanism of electrochemical degradation of Congo red dye. Electrolysis has been carried out in a single-chamber electrochemical cell having graphite anode and platinum cathode in the presence of KCl as supporting electrolyte under amperostatic conditions. The potential across the electrodes has been adjusted so that a constant 30 mA current passed through the cell. The effect of various operating parameters such as current density, initial dye concentration, nature of supporting electrolyte KCl, pH and electrode materials, on electrochemical degradation of Congo red dye has been investigated. The decolourization efficiency was assessed through UV-Visible studies which are supported by a percentage reduction in Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Kinetic studies indicate that decolourization takes place through a second order diffusion controlled reaction. Energy consumption has been calculated. It is observed from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and mass spectra that Congo red dye has been degraded to small molecules. Results indicate that electrochemical degradation of Congo red by using low-cost graphite electrodes proves to be an efficient method at an optimum current density of 1.805 mA cm-2 .

DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT

The present work is devoted to study the influence of various factors such as contact time, adsor... more The present work is devoted to study the influence of various factors such as contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, ionic concentration, pH, temperature and desorption for adsorption of malachite green (MG) on dried leaf powder of Calotropis procera (DPCP) and thereby to determine the kinetics of process by subjecting the data to various kinetic models, i.e., pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intra-particle diffusion and Elovich models. It has been observed that kinetic is best fitted to pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption data have been fitted with Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models with maximum adsorption capacity 39.22 mg g-1. The thermodynamic studies of process confirm that process is spontaneous over the temperature range of 293.15-323.15 K. The whole studies have been monitored by UV-visible spectrophotometer. The prepared biomass has been characterized by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transformer infrared studies. The results showed that abundant and eco-friendly nature of DPCP (without any pre-treatment) has been proven its potential application toward MG dye treatment.

Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2017

Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 2017

From environmental point of view, the removal of effluents from aquatic systems caused by presenc... more From environmental point of view, the removal of effluents from aquatic systems caused by presence of synthetic dyes is extremely important. Oven dried leaf powder solid waste of low-cost bioadsorbent Calotropis procera, has been tested for the removal of azo dye, Congo red (CR) from aqueous solution. Adsorption of CR onto this natural adsorbent has been characterized with X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transformer infrared. The effects of different parameter such as; contact time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent amount, pH, temperature, electrolyte, surfactant concentration and desorption have been studied. The adsorption has been represented with Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacity of CR onto bioadsorbent has been found to be 25.77 mg g− 1. The adsorption process has been followed the Weber–Morris Intra-particle diffusion model with the involvement of pseudo second order and Elovich models. The calculated values of thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH and ΔS for uptake of CR have been found to be 35.26 kJ mol− 1 and 120.11 J mol− 1K− 1 respectively. Negative values of ΔG indicate the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. The results indicate that C. procera has high potential application towards removal of CR dye due to its high adsorption capacity.

Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2017

Conference papers by Rajvir Kaur SRAW

Materials Today: Proceedings, 2022

The aim of the present study is to degrade Malachite green (MG) dye electrochemically, which is b... more The aim of the present study is to degrade Malachite green (MG) dye electrochemically, which is become an alternative attractive method in recent years. The degradation of dye was studied in KCl as supporting electrolyte medium at graphite anode and platinum cathode under amperostatic condition. The variation of the dye concentration was accessed by UV-Visible measurements and Chemical oxygen demand (COD) reductions were also performed. The results clearly shown that at the optimum conditions(current density = 1.805 mA cm-2 , initial dye concentration = 100 mgL-1 , KCl concentration = 5 gL-1 , Temperature = 25 ± 2 °C, pH = 4, electrode gap = 1 cm), 99% MG degradation and 82% of reduction in COD was achieved within 120 min during electrolysis with maximum energy resource management, i.e., 21.212 KWh kg-1. The reaction mechanism of electrocatalytic MG degradation was characterized with mass spectrum and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Kinetic studies showed that at di...

Chemical Science Transactions

Toxicity caused by the presence of synthetic dyes in aquatic system is extremely important from t... more Toxicity caused by the presence of synthetic dyes in aquatic system is extremely important from the environmental point of view because most of these dyes are toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic. In the present work the ability to remove 'Congo red' from aqueous solution has been studied by using waste material Pigeon dropping, as an adsorbent. Effects of various parameters on adsorption process such as; contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentrations, pH and temperature was studied. The isotherm data was described by the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The kinetic data were used for modelling from the second-order kinetic models and intra-particle diffusion model. The thermodynamic studies showed that the process is exothermic and physiosorption. The present investigation confirms that Pigeon dropping can be successfully employed as a good adsorbent for the removal of dye from effluent.

Moroccan Journal of Chemistry, 2016

The demand of water doubles globally due to rapid increase in population and industrial activitie... more The demand of water doubles globally due to rapid increase in population and industrial activities. With the development of dye industries, the dye waste water has become one of the important environmental problem. In order to evaluate the feasibility of removal of basic dye Rhodamine B from aqueous solution, the electrolysis of aqueous solution of dye has been carried out at graphite electrodes. The various parameters, which influence the extent of removal of dye such as, initial dye concentration, amount of supporting electrolyte, current density, electrolysis time, pH and electrode material have been determined. It is concluded that the electrochemical degradation can be used effectively as a pre-treatment alternative for dye removal and COD reduction in aqueous solution before conventional treatment.

The aim of the present study is to degrade Malachite green (MG) dye electrochemically, which is b... more The aim of the present study is to degrade Malachite green (MG) dye electrochemically, which is become an alternative attractive method in recent years. The degradation of dye was studied in KCl as supporting electrolyte medium at graphite anode and platinum cathode under amperostatic condition. The variation of the dye concentration was accessed by UV-Visible measurements and Chemical oxygen demand (COD) reductions were also performed. The results clearly shown that at the optimum conditions(current density = 1.805 mA cm -2 , initial dye concentration = 100 mgL -1 , KCl concentration = 5 gL -1 , Temperature = 25 ± 2 °C, pH = 4, electrode gap = 1 cm), 99% MG degradation and 82% of reduction in COD was achieved within 120 min during electrolysis with maximum energy resource management, i.e., 21.212 KWh kg -1 . The reaction mechanism of electrocatalytic MG degradation was characterized with mass spectrum and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Kinetic studies showed that ...

Asian Journal of Chemistry

In the present work the efficiency of activated carbon made from stems of Ricinus communis (CRC) ... more In the present work the efficiency of activated carbon made from stems of Ricinus communis (CRC) has been studied for removal of anionic dye- Amido black 10B from aqueous solution. The adsorbent has been characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformer infrared (FT-IR). The effects of various experimental parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentrations, pH, concentration of salt and temperature have been studied. Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin isotherm models have been used for describing the adsorption process. Of these, Langmuir isotherm model has best fitted the experimental data with a maximum adsorption capacity of 7.12 mg/g. Kinetics studies indicate that the adsorption of Amido black 10B has favoured toward pseudo-second-order model with high correlation coefficients. Thermodynamics parameters confirmed that the adsorption has been found to be spontaneous and endothermic in nature. These results suggested that CRC has...

Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta

The present work has been carried out to study the mechanism of electrochemical degradation of Co... more The present work has been carried out to study the mechanism of electrochemical degradation of Congo red dye. Electrolysis has been carried out in a single-chamber electrochemical cell having graphite anode and platinum cathode in the presence of KCl as supporting electrolyte under amperostatic conditions. The potential across the electrodes has been adjusted so that a constant 30 mA current passed through the cell. The effect of various operating parameters such as current density, initial dye concentration, nature of supporting electrolyte KCl, pH and electrode materials, on electrochemical degradation of Congo red dye has been investigated. The decolourization efficiency was assessed through UV-Visible studies which are supported by a percentage reduction in Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Kinetic studies indicate that decolourization takes place through a second order diffusion controlled reaction. Energy consumption has been calculated. It is observed from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and mass spectra that Congo red dye has been degraded to small molecules. Results indicate that electrochemical degradation of Congo red by using low-cost graphite electrodes proves to be an efficient method at an optimum current density of 1.805 mA cm-2 .

DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT

The present work is devoted to study the influence of various factors such as contact time, adsor... more The present work is devoted to study the influence of various factors such as contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, ionic concentration, pH, temperature and desorption for adsorption of malachite green (MG) on dried leaf powder of Calotropis procera (DPCP) and thereby to determine the kinetics of process by subjecting the data to various kinetic models, i.e., pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intra-particle diffusion and Elovich models. It has been observed that kinetic is best fitted to pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption data have been fitted with Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models with maximum adsorption capacity 39.22 mg g-1. The thermodynamic studies of process confirm that process is spontaneous over the temperature range of 293.15-323.15 K. The whole studies have been monitored by UV-visible spectrophotometer. The prepared biomass has been characterized by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transformer infrared studies. The results showed that abundant and eco-friendly nature of DPCP (without any pre-treatment) has been proven its potential application toward MG dye treatment.

Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2017

Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 2017

From environmental point of view, the removal of effluents from aquatic systems caused by presenc... more From environmental point of view, the removal of effluents from aquatic systems caused by presence of synthetic dyes is extremely important. Oven dried leaf powder solid waste of low-cost bioadsorbent Calotropis procera, has been tested for the removal of azo dye, Congo red (CR) from aqueous solution. Adsorption of CR onto this natural adsorbent has been characterized with X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transformer infrared. The effects of different parameter such as; contact time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent amount, pH, temperature, electrolyte, surfactant concentration and desorption have been studied. The adsorption has been represented with Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacity of CR onto bioadsorbent has been found to be 25.77 mg g− 1. The adsorption process has been followed the Weber–Morris Intra-particle diffusion model with the involvement of pseudo second order and Elovich models. The calculated values of thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH and ΔS for uptake of CR have been found to be 35.26 kJ mol− 1 and 120.11 J mol− 1K− 1 respectively. Negative values of ΔG indicate the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. The results indicate that C. procera has high potential application towards removal of CR dye due to its high adsorption capacity.

Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2017