Sani Ahmed | Gombe State University, Gombe State, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Socio-political and economic issues relating to financing higher education is broadly deliberated... more Socio-political and economic issues relating to financing higher education is broadly deliberated and debated subject in many public mediums and academic gatherings in Nigeria, for over a decade to date. Altogether those deliberations and debates are grounded virtually on two basic principles of, financing adequacy and equitability. Inadequacy of education financing is blamed for the deterioration in the quality of education. Furthermore, inequitable resource allocation between federal and State universities in Nigeria forms part of the key issue in accomplishing efficiency of resource utilization which is missing in academic literatures addressing higher education financing in Nigeria. In the context of Nigeria, considering the practical experiences, especially in the operational mechanism of financing of Higher education, transparency and corruptions became a syndrome that ravishes the educational system. This study focuses on sources of higher education finance and the relative contribution of each source to educational development of the nation. At the same time, implications of the present financing mechanism on parity and efficiency of higher education if Outsourcing is introduced as an alternative source of funding in the subsector. This study examines the matters relating to Higher Education Financing at three levels; financial allocation, resources allocation and education output distribution. This study is exploratory cross sectional survey and collects both primary and secondary data from relevant literatures available. The study revealed that outsourcing is a means of Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) in higher institution and therefore serve as alternative means of financing
The paper looks at higher education in Nigeria which encompasses a range of about 128 institution... more The paper looks at higher education in Nigeria which encompasses a range of about 128 institutions, and it is largely provided by both public and private sector. The impact of these higher education institutions has not keep abreast with development in the labor market. The system has suffered a lot from limited accessibility, low quality, and relevance and inadequate resources to meet emerging challenges. The funding of higher education institutions in Nigeria during the last 54 years of its existence as a sovereign nation suggests that there exists a chronic under-funding of the system, both at the public and the private level. The constant demand of the citizenry of the country to have access to higher education also continues to create more pressure to expand the capacity of higher education in Nigeria. In the context of high or proportionate of population growth in Nigeria in which the majority are youth, the present number of higher education institutions is rather small to provide equitable access to higher education institutions in Nigeria. The serious issue of inadequate financing of the higher education institutions in Nigeria and the proclivity to make adequate expansion is chanced upon with several challenges as identified in the main text of this paper.
Anxiety is a psychological disorder characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry about eve... more Anxiety is a psychological disorder characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry about events, mostly as a result of past direct or indirect experiences and or excessive concern about self-confidence. Researches have shown that examination anxiety is a possible impediment in the learning process and learning outcome, and if not well managed has negative effect on the learning achievement of students. This study was a descriptive survey carried out to examine the level of examination anxiety and its effect on learning achievement in General studies among Gombe State University undergraduates. For the purpose of the study, 600 undergraduates were sampled from levels 100 and 200 respectively; 300 students from each level. Two instruments were used; a 25-item questionnaire titled Test Anxiety Scale Questionnaire (TASQ) for eliciting information on examination anxiety. The second instrument used was a profoma for collecting students' scores in preceding General Studies examinations. Both instruments were adopted from Adeniyi and Iduguma (2015). Two research questions and three hypotheses were postulated in the study. Frequency count and percentages were used to answer research questions. Research hypotheses were tested using t-test at 0.05 alpha level of significance. On the whole, the outcome of this study indicated average level of examination anxiety with significant effect on the learning achievement in General studies among Gombe State University undergraduates. Based on the results the researcher recommended that educational psychologists/counsellors, administrators, lecturers, parents and other stakeholders should live up to their responsibilities of helping undergraduates in managing their level of examination anxiety through Study Skill Training and Cognitive Restructuring Therapy.
An important theme underlying the reform agenda is an avowed orientation to expansion and diversi... more An important theme underlying the reform agenda is an avowed orientation to expansion and diversification, driven by the demands of a growing, upwardly mobile (or at least upwardly aspiring) population and to the needs of an increasingly competitive, technologically-sophisticated economy.
Socio-political and economic issues relating to financing higher education is broadly deliberated... more Socio-political and economic issues relating to financing higher education is broadly deliberated and debated subject in many public mediums and academic gatherings in Nigeria, for over a decade to date. Altogether those deliberations and debates are grounded virtually on two basic principles of, financing adequacy and equitability. Inadequacy of education financing is blamed for the deterioration in the quality of education. Furthermore, inequitable resource allocation between federal and State universities in Nigeria forms part of the key issue in accomplishing efficiency of resource utilization which is missing in academic literatures addressing higher education financing in Nigeria. In the context of Nigeria, considering the practical experiences, especially in the operational mechanism of financing of Higher education, transparency and corruptions became a syndrome that ravishes the educational system. This study focuses on sources of higher education finance and the relative contribution of each source to educational development of the nation. At the same time, implications of the present financing mechanism on parity and efficiency of higher education if Outsourcing is introduced as an alternative source of funding in the subsector. This study examines the matters relating to Higher Education Financing at three levels; financial allocation, resources allocation and education output distribution. This study is exploratory cross sectional survey and collects both primary and secondary data from relevant literatures available. The study revealed that outsourcing is a means of Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) in higher institution and therefore serve as alternative means of financing
The paper looks at higher education in Nigeria which encompasses a range of about 128 institution... more The paper looks at higher education in Nigeria which encompasses a range of about 128 institutions, and it is largely provided by both public and private sector. The impact of these higher education institutions has not keep abreast with development in the labor market. The system has suffered a lot from limited accessibility, low quality, and relevance and inadequate resources to meet emerging challenges. The funding of higher education institutions in Nigeria during the last 54 years of its existence as a sovereign nation suggests that there exists a chronic under-funding of the system, both at the public and the private level. The constant demand of the citizenry of the country to have access to higher education also continues to create more pressure to expand the capacity of higher education in Nigeria. In the context of high or proportionate of population growth in Nigeria in which the majority are youth, the present number of higher education institutions is rather small to provide equitable access to higher education institutions in Nigeria. The serious issue of inadequate financing of the higher education institutions in Nigeria and the proclivity to make adequate expansion is chanced upon with several challenges as identified in the main text of this paper.
Anxiety is a psychological disorder characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry about eve... more Anxiety is a psychological disorder characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry about events, mostly as a result of past direct or indirect experiences and or excessive concern about self-confidence. Researches have shown that examination anxiety is a possible impediment in the learning process and learning outcome, and if not well managed has negative effect on the learning achievement of students. This study was a descriptive survey carried out to examine the level of examination anxiety and its effect on learning achievement in General studies among Gombe State University undergraduates. For the purpose of the study, 600 undergraduates were sampled from levels 100 and 200 respectively; 300 students from each level. Two instruments were used; a 25-item questionnaire titled Test Anxiety Scale Questionnaire (TASQ) for eliciting information on examination anxiety. The second instrument used was a profoma for collecting students' scores in preceding General Studies examinations. Both instruments were adopted from Adeniyi and Iduguma (2015). Two research questions and three hypotheses were postulated in the study. Frequency count and percentages were used to answer research questions. Research hypotheses were tested using t-test at 0.05 alpha level of significance. On the whole, the outcome of this study indicated average level of examination anxiety with significant effect on the learning achievement in General studies among Gombe State University undergraduates. Based on the results the researcher recommended that educational psychologists/counsellors, administrators, lecturers, parents and other stakeholders should live up to their responsibilities of helping undergraduates in managing their level of examination anxiety through Study Skill Training and Cognitive Restructuring Therapy.
An important theme underlying the reform agenda is an avowed orientation to expansion and diversi... more An important theme underlying the reform agenda is an avowed orientation to expansion and diversification, driven by the demands of a growing, upwardly mobile (or at least upwardly aspiring) population and to the needs of an increasingly competitive, technologically-sophisticated economy.