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Papers by Mohamed Aheeyar
Water, 2019
Floods account for a majority of disasters, especially in South Asia, where they affect 27 millio... more Floods account for a majority of disasters, especially in South Asia, where they affect 27 million people annually, causing economic losses of over US$1 billion. Climate change threatens to exacerbate these risks. Risk transfer mechanisms, such as weather index insurance (WII) may help buffer farmers against these hazards. However, WII programs struggle to attract the clients most in need of protection, including marginalized women and men. This risks re-enforcing existing inequalities and missing opportunities to promote pro-poor and gender-sensitive development. Key questions, therefore, include what factors constrain access to WIIs amongst heterogeneous communities, and how these can be addressed. This paper contributes to that end through primary data from two WII case studies (one in India, the other in Bangladesh) that identify contextual socio-economic and structural barriers to accessing WII, and strategies to overcome these. More significantly, this paper synthesizes the ca...
Annex 15 Regulatory actors and other government organizations in the Sri Jayewardenepura-Kotte Mu... more Annex 15 Regulatory actors and other government organizations in the Sri Jayewardenepura-Kotte Municipality area responsible for food waste generation and management Name Contact details Government Organizations
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development has called for halving the global per capita food was... more The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development has called for halving the global per capita food waste from retail to consumer level and the reduction of food losses along production and supply chains by 2030 (United Nations 2015). Globally, state and non-state actors have introduced measures (e.g., regulatory and other incentive mechanisms) to mitigate food waste (FW) at the national, regional or local/supply chain level (Chalak et al. 2016).
Circular Economy and Sustainability
Using farm animals for their natural capability of “recycling” food waste (FW) that is unfit for ... more Using farm animals for their natural capability of “recycling” food waste (FW) that is unfit for direct human consumption can support a circular economy as shown in the case of Sri Lanka’s Western Province. The reuse of organic residues including FW as animal feed is a traditional agricultural practice in Sri Lanka but is less studied within an urban FW context. A survey of piggeries using FW in and around the rapidly urbanizing city of Colombo showed that FW is a major feed source in the farms accounting for on average 82% of total feed. About 40% of the farms collected the FW mainly from hotels, restaurants, and institutional canteens. Urban FW is supplied to farmers free of charge when collected directly from the sources, although 26% of the farmers collected FW via intermediaries against a fee. As FW is collected daily, the restaurants appreciate the reliable service, the farmers the low-cost feed, and the municipality the reduced FW volumes to be collected. However, this triple...
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Overall high annual precipitation in Sri Lanka belies significant spatial and temporal variation ... more Overall high annual precipitation in Sri Lanka belies significant spatial and temporal variation in surface water availability. The ‘dry zone’ comprising two-third of Sri Lanka’s land area receives significantly less rainfall and has high precipitation rates and a five-month dry season. Nevertheless, these regions account for the majority of rice production, the staple crop, thanks largely to the ancient hydraulic civilization based on networks of rainwater harvesting (irrigation) tanks. This manipulation of surface water resources including modern surface irrigation schemes continues to form the backbone of dry zone farming. Groundwater irrigation has remained in the shadows except in the North where surface flows are absent. This scenario is now changing as population growth; poorly maintained infrastructure; commercial agriculture; sectoral competition for water and climate change combine to exert severe pressure on surface water resources. Since the dry zone is also home to a la...
practicalaction.org
Page 1. FINAL REPORT Preliminary Investigation on the Issues Related to Poverty and Marginalizati... more Page 1. FINAL REPORT Preliminary Investigation on the Issues Related to Poverty and Marginalization of Estate Sector Communities in Badulla and Nuwara Eliya Districts By MMM Aheeyar Page 2. 1 List of Abbreviations AMO ...
Floods and other weather-related disasters plague farmers in Bangladesh, and climate change threa... more Floods and other weather-related disasters plague farmers in Bangladesh, and climate change threatens to exacerbate these risks. At stake are the livelihoods of millions of small and marginal farmer households that are at risk of becoming further entrenched in poverty. Lack of compensation or other buffering mechanisms means crop losses give rise to deepening cycles of debt, especially when cultivation is financed through loans. While neighboring India has developed strong policy and strategic direction for using risk transfer mechanisms, such as Weather Index Insurance (WII), as a disaster risk reduction tool, policy support in Bangladesh is lukewarm. To date, most WII schemes have been pilots implemented mainly by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and donors. The Index-based Flood Insurance (IBFI) project of the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) hopes to adapt the pilot scheme it is trialling in Bihar, India, to Bangladesh. To understand how such a scheme can be m...
Water, 2019
Floods account for a majority of disasters, especially in South Asia, where they affect 27 millio... more Floods account for a majority of disasters, especially in South Asia, where they affect 27 million people annually, causing economic losses of over US$1 billion. Climate change threatens to exacerbate these risks. Risk transfer mechanisms, such as weather index insurance (WII) may help buffer farmers against these hazards. However, WII programs struggle to attract the clients most in need of protection, including marginalized women and men. This risks re-enforcing existing inequalities and missing opportunities to promote pro-poor and gender-sensitive development. Key questions, therefore, include what factors constrain access to WIIs amongst heterogeneous communities, and how these can be addressed. This paper contributes to that end through primary data from two WII case studies (one in India, the other in Bangladesh) that identify contextual socio-economic and structural barriers to accessing WII, and strategies to overcome these. More significantly, this paper synthesizes the ca...
Annex 15 Regulatory actors and other government organizations in the Sri Jayewardenepura-Kotte Mu... more Annex 15 Regulatory actors and other government organizations in the Sri Jayewardenepura-Kotte Municipality area responsible for food waste generation and management Name Contact details Government Organizations
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development has called for halving the global per capita food was... more The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development has called for halving the global per capita food waste from retail to consumer level and the reduction of food losses along production and supply chains by 2030 (United Nations 2015). Globally, state and non-state actors have introduced measures (e.g., regulatory and other incentive mechanisms) to mitigate food waste (FW) at the national, regional or local/supply chain level (Chalak et al. 2016).
Circular Economy and Sustainability
Using farm animals for their natural capability of “recycling” food waste (FW) that is unfit for ... more Using farm animals for their natural capability of “recycling” food waste (FW) that is unfit for direct human consumption can support a circular economy as shown in the case of Sri Lanka’s Western Province. The reuse of organic residues including FW as animal feed is a traditional agricultural practice in Sri Lanka but is less studied within an urban FW context. A survey of piggeries using FW in and around the rapidly urbanizing city of Colombo showed that FW is a major feed source in the farms accounting for on average 82% of total feed. About 40% of the farms collected the FW mainly from hotels, restaurants, and institutional canteens. Urban FW is supplied to farmers free of charge when collected directly from the sources, although 26% of the farmers collected FW via intermediaries against a fee. As FW is collected daily, the restaurants appreciate the reliable service, the farmers the low-cost feed, and the municipality the reduced FW volumes to be collected. However, this triple...
[
Overall high annual precipitation in Sri Lanka belies significant spatial and temporal variation ... more Overall high annual precipitation in Sri Lanka belies significant spatial and temporal variation in surface water availability. The ‘dry zone’ comprising two-third of Sri Lanka’s land area receives significantly less rainfall and has high precipitation rates and a five-month dry season. Nevertheless, these regions account for the majority of rice production, the staple crop, thanks largely to the ancient hydraulic civilization based on networks of rainwater harvesting (irrigation) tanks. This manipulation of surface water resources including modern surface irrigation schemes continues to form the backbone of dry zone farming. Groundwater irrigation has remained in the shadows except in the North where surface flows are absent. This scenario is now changing as population growth; poorly maintained infrastructure; commercial agriculture; sectoral competition for water and climate change combine to exert severe pressure on surface water resources. Since the dry zone is also home to a la...
practicalaction.org
Page 1. FINAL REPORT Preliminary Investigation on the Issues Related to Poverty and Marginalizati... more Page 1. FINAL REPORT Preliminary Investigation on the Issues Related to Poverty and Marginalization of Estate Sector Communities in Badulla and Nuwara Eliya Districts By MMM Aheeyar Page 2. 1 List of Abbreviations AMO ...
Floods and other weather-related disasters plague farmers in Bangladesh, and climate change threa... more Floods and other weather-related disasters plague farmers in Bangladesh, and climate change threatens to exacerbate these risks. At stake are the livelihoods of millions of small and marginal farmer households that are at risk of becoming further entrenched in poverty. Lack of compensation or other buffering mechanisms means crop losses give rise to deepening cycles of debt, especially when cultivation is financed through loans. While neighboring India has developed strong policy and strategic direction for using risk transfer mechanisms, such as Weather Index Insurance (WII), as a disaster risk reduction tool, policy support in Bangladesh is lukewarm. To date, most WII schemes have been pilots implemented mainly by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and donors. The Index-based Flood Insurance (IBFI) project of the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) hopes to adapt the pilot scheme it is trialling in Bihar, India, to Bangladesh. To understand how such a scheme can be m...