Harshvadan Patel | Gujarat Technological University (original) (raw)
Papers by Harshvadan Patel
International Journal of Design Engineering
In highway design, subgrade strength ismostly affected by thickness of pavement. One of the metho... more In highway design, subgrade strength ismostly affected by thickness of pavement. One of the methods to determine the subgrade strength in India is CBR (California Bearing Ratio) test. CBR testing in the laboratory on soaked and un-soaked conditions to simulate the field soil conditions. in this paper the comparisons between CBR soaked test results for CBR un-soaked in some variation of silt+clay content in soil of Gujarat region and make simple comparisons between CBR soaked for CBR un-soaked by considering the soil properties whereas can be predicted the CBR soaked value based on the CBR unsoaked test results.The results showed that there was a linear correlation between the CBR soaked and CBR un-soaked also influenced by the nature of the index (the properties of the soil). The maximum value of CBR ranges of 20-40 percent silt+clay content.Silt+clay content also affect the DCP results and DCP is maximum at higher silt+Clay content.
Subgrade soil is an essential component for design of both flexible and rigid pavement structures... more Subgrade soil is an essential component for design of both flexible and rigid pavement structures. Laboratory assessment of California Bearing Ratio beneficial for design of flexible pavement, Coefficient of subgrade reaction K-Value required for design of rigid pavement, raft footing and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) is useful for determination of shear strength parameter of subgrade are time consuming and demand significant effort but mandatory. This study considers the use of multiple variable regression analysis (MLR) to predict the California Bearing Ratio (CBR), Coefficient of subgrade reaction K-Value, unconfined compressive strength, Dynamic Cone Penetration (DCP) from maximum dry density (MDD) and optimum moisture content (OMC) of subgrade. This paper presents the empirical correlations developed from multiple variable regression analysis from test results obtained from experimental investigation of soil sample taken from different locations of Gujarat region. The formulations are validated using other sets of tests data. The developed empirical correlations may be useful in quick determination of strength parameters of subgrade from physical properties.
The development of new roads, enhancement of existing roads and new runways are part of infrastru... more The development of new roads, enhancement of existing roads and new runways are part of infrastructure boom in India as well as in Gujarat. Need of strength parameters of subgrade soils is very important in design of roads and runways. Laboratory determination of California Bearing Ratio useful for flexible pavement design and Coefficient of subgrade reaction –K-Value needed for rigid pavement, raft footing are time consuming and demand significant effort but mandatory. Dynamic Cone Penetration test can be a faster and easier way to evaluate subgrade strength. In present study an investigation has been carried out on strength parameters for the soil from various locations of Gujarat, In-situ condition has been created in laboratory using bigger testing mould and various tests like Liquid Limit, Plastic limit as well as CBR, PBT, UCS and DCP were carried out on repetitive samples of Maximum Dry Densities achieved through modified proctor effect. The empirical correlations have been established among test results using linear regression procedure. The formulations are validated using other sets of tests data. The developed empirical correlations may be useful to estimate time consuming strength parameters as well as physical properties at numerous locations within area under consideration using simple and rapid DCP test.
The development of new roads, enhancement of existing roads and new runways are part of infrastru... more The development of new roads, enhancement of existing roads and new runways are part of infrastructure boom in India as well as in Gujarat. Need of strength parameters of subgrade soils is very important in monitoring and evaluation of roads and runways subgrade quality. Laboratory determination of California Bearing Ratio useful for flexible pavement design, Coefficient of subgrade reaction K-Value needed for rigid pavement, raft footing and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) is required for determination of shear strength parameter of subgrade are time consuming and demand significant effort but mandatory. Dynamic Cone Penetration test can be a faster and easier way to evaluate subgrade strength. In present study an investigation has been carried out on strength parameters for the soil from various locations of Gujarat, In-situ condition has been created in laboratory using bigger testing mould and various tests like Liquid Limit, Plastic limit as well as CBR, PBT, UCS and DCP were carried out on repetitive samples of Maximum Dry Densities achieved through modified proctor effect in soaked condition.The empirical correlations have been established among test results using linear regression procedure. The formulations are validated using other sets of tests data. The developed empirical correlations may be useful to estimate time consuming strength parameters as well as physical properties at numerous locations within area under consideration using simple and rapid DCP test.
Soil stabilisation is a process to treat a soil to maintain, alter or improve the performance of ... more Soil stabilisation is a process to treat a soil to maintain, alter or improve the performance of the soil as a construction material and very important to minimise the cost of earth work in case of unavailability of good earth at nearby source. The use of Stabilising agent, for sub-grade with weak soil, improves strength parameter such as cohesion and improvement in cohesion leads to strengthening of embankment. This will ultimately lower down the road construction cost. In present investigation fly-ash and cement are used as stabilizing agents with the sandy soil to improve strength properties and also to increase binding properties to prevent settlement of sub-grade and rain cut of road shoulders. Improved strength of soil provides stability to road embankment against soil erosion and settlement during rainy seasons. The present paper describes outcome of experimental investigation of effect of stabilising agents such as fly-ash and cement used with non-cohesive soil. The effects of stabilizing agent on soil characteristics and strength parameters are measured using tests like Sieve analysis, Liquid limit test, Plastic limit test, Plate Bearing Test, Dynamic cone Penetrometer test, unconfined compressive strength and CBR test. Using results of investigation, correlations are derived between simple, rapid and economical Dynamic cone penetrometer test and CBR value, UCS-value & K-value for various proportion of cement and Fly-ash mixed with sandy soil. Use of these correlations will prove economical and reduce considerable time.
—Steel concrete composite deck is used in many parts of the world as fast and economical structur... more —Steel concrete composite deck is used in many parts of the world as fast and economical structural system. Recently the techniques are getting attention in India also. The profile deck is made up of thin cold formed steel sheet which can be formed in any desired shape. In this paper, critical study is made by varying the geometrical and material strength parameters of steel concrete deck. Its effect on flexural resistance and neutral axis location is analyzed. Ductile behavior of deck is another important concern. Here, authors put forward the limiting value of neutral axis for commonly used grades of steel for profile deck, which should be checked to ensure ductile behavior of composite deck. The paper considers variations in concrete thickness, yield strength of material, cylinder strength of concrete for an open trough type profile deck .Analysis of moment of resistance and depth of neutral axis are made as per Euro code EN-1994 assuming full bond between steel and concrete. The results show that there is significant variation in flexural capacity and neutral axis location on varying geometrical and material parameters
Profile steel sheet concrete composite slab are gaining increasing usage in modern construction p... more Profile steel sheet concrete composite slab are gaining increasing usage in modern construction practice in many parts of world. But in India, composite deck construction is an emerging concept. Load carrying capacity of composite deck is associated with bond between steel and concrete, which is generally provided by embossment. Role of embossment, its standard dimensions and its ability to transfer horizontal shear for various profile configuration is not much explored in Indian context. Moreover, for each profile configuration and embossment pattern separate set of full scale testing is necessary. This paper focuses on innovative bond techniques as an alternative to embossments in profile sheets by relatively small scale test. A total of twelve composite specimens, each in set of two specimens are casted and tested under uniformly distributed load with varying interface connections. The connection patterns considered are: bolt with different orientation, semicircular bend and bolt combination, stiffener and fabricated embossment. Comparison of load carrying capacities from the tests is presented. Comparison of test result has been made and it is found that connection topology with semicircular bend and bolt combination performed better in terms of load carrying capacity than other topologies.
—Elevated water tanks are commonly used for storing water in public water distribution system and... more —Elevated water tanks are commonly used for storing water in public water distribution system and it should be competent of keeping the expected performance during and after earthquake. It has large mass concentrated at the top of slender supporting structure and hence extremely vulnerable against horizontal forces due to earthquake. They must be functional even after earthquakes to ensure water supply is available in earthquake-affected regions. A dynamic analysis of such tanks must take into account the motion of the water relative to the tank as well as the motion of the tank relative to the ground. Therefore, an understanding of the earthquake damage, or survival, of elevated water tanks requires an understanding of the effect of dynamic forces at each level from bottom to top. For certain proportions of the tank and the structure the displacement of the tank may be the dominant factor, whereas for other proportions the displacement of tank may have small effect. The main aim of this study is to understand the seismic behaviour of the elevated water tank under alternate column proportionality under different time history records using finite element software SAP 2000. The present work aims at checking the adequacy of water tank for the seismic excitations. The result shows that the structure responses are exceedingly influenced by different column proportionality and earthquake characteristics. The responses include displacement of elevated water tank at each level from bottom to top under the four different time history have been compared and contrasted.
—In the 21st Century, with the expansion of cities, it is required to store and distribute water ... more —In the 21st Century, with the expansion of cities, it is required to store and distribute water to areas far away from water reservoirs. RC elevated water tank is a feasible alternate for distributing water under natural head to the maximum possible area. It is very important for water tank to remain in function later to any natural calamity like earthquake. Seismic behaviour of them has to be investigated in depth. Historically, tank damage during earthquake occurs due to contribution of base shear, over turning moment, transverse displacement and sloshing displacement. Therefore, the estimation of the structural response to lateral forces has to be mainly investigated and elevated tank is to be designed accordingly. The reviewed literature shows different aspect for seismic behaviour of RC elevated water tank.
— Concrete is the versatile and widely used construction material due to its good compressive str... more — Concrete is the versatile and widely used construction material due to its good compressive strength. To achieve desired properties of concrete one of the major parameter is curing. There are various types of curing techniques used in the construction industry but it was found that proper curing should not take place due to several reasons like improper management, lack of quality supervising, lack of water etc. The study presents an evaluation of concrete strength using a polymeric self curing agent as an internal ingredient. Polyethylene Glycol [PEG] and Acrylic polymers of percentage " 0.2% limited based on past study " by weight of cement was used. Variation of compressive strength and weight loss has been carried out with three self curing agents. It was found that the compressive strength of PEG-400 was higher than other two self curing agents but at same time percentage weight loss was higher for PEG-4000.
Elevated water tanks are structures of high importance and it should be competent of keeping the ... more Elevated water tanks are structures of high importance and it should be competent of keeping the expected perforrnance during and after earthquake. It has large mass concentrated at the top ofslender supporting structure and hence extremely vulnerable against horizontal forces due to earthquake. The main aim of this study is to understand the seismic behaviour of the elevated water tank under alternate column proportionality under different time history records using software SAP2000. It considered water as two mass idealization suggested byGujarat State Disaster Management Authority(GsDMA)guideline. The result shows thatthe structure responses are exceedingly influenced by different column proportionality and earthquake characteristics. The responses including base sheaq overturning moment and tank displacement under the four different time history have been compared and contrasted.
Liquid storage tanks supported on staging are used widely for storing water. Staging is formed by... more Liquid storage tanks supported on staging are used widely for storing water. Staging is formed by a group of columns and horizontal braces provided at intermediate levels. The frame staging with a single row of columns placed straight (vertical) along the periphery of circle, are generally adopted for elevated water tanks to support the tank container. Apart from vertical column,tapered (inclined) columnsare also used to support the tank container.The aim of this paper is to study the seismic behaviour of elevated tank with frame type tapered staging under different time history records using FEM software SAP2000. Analysis follows the guideline for "Seismic Design ofliquid Storage Tanks" provided by the Gujarat State Disaster ManagementAuthorityand Preliminary Draft of IS: 11682 "Criteria for Design of RCC Staging for Overhead Water Tanks". The study have been assess, the behavior of staging considering quantities like, base shear, overturning momentand tank displacement which is highly affected under various degree of tapering, filled up conditions as well as diflerent characteristic of earthquake.
– A prescient assessment of early earthquakes reveals damage/failure of key lifeline facilities l... more – A prescient assessment of early earthquakes reveals damage/failure of key lifeline facilities like elevated water tanks in recurrence, leading to serious hazards even after the act. The Bhuj 2001 (India) earthquake left another example when large number of water tanks with shaft and frame staging suffered damage and few collapsed because of poor thin section and lack of ductility (Patel et al, 2012). One of the most common reason for failure of structures under seismic loading is failure of connection in structural members. The research presented in this paper investigates the innovative systems of precast panel as a novel method for building structures. The main objective of study is to determine the dynamic characteristics and the seismic behavior of the proposed precast panels compared to conventional shaft structural system during ground motion. Results of research indicates that the composed precast panel mechanism influences the performance of lateral load resisting systems of the structures during seismic activity, contributing to better structural flexibility and easier maintenance. The importance of water tanks are as old as civilized men needs, providing storage water for drinking, irrigation, fire safety as well as many other applications in industrial activity. Thus the water tower must remain functional during and after adverse ground motions. Their safety performance is a critical concern during and after strong earthquakes. Several research groups have looked at fluid structure interaction and improvement of water tanks performance (R. Livaoglu et al, 2006). In case of shaft structures less researches were published on the performance improvement of conventional shafts (D. C. Rai, 2002). This paper presents a new system of assembling shafts for elevated water tanks using composed precast panel assembly. This method is based on the use of panels which are readily transported and quickly assembled onsite. As a prototype for this study (AcerMetric, 2010), precast rectangle panel (panel 1) and curved panel (panel 2) are used as shown in Fig. 1a. 2. MODEL PROVISION For this study four water tower with different staging types and tank with same geometric configurations are designed and analysed in ANSYS under seismic conditions. Staging types adopted as square shaft (Model 1) and circular shafts (Model 2) compared with rectangle panel (Model 3) based shaft and curved panel (Model 4) based shafts as shown in Fig. 1b.
—Seismic analysis of hydrodynamic structure such as elevated concrete water tank is somewhat comp... more —Seismic analysis of hydrodynamic structure such as elevated concrete water tank is somewhat complex when compared with other structures. Also, dynamic fluid-structure interaction (FSI) plays an important effect in this complexity. The main objective of this study is the analytical evaluation of seismic response of elevated water tanks under different earthquake time history records with SAP2000 structural software. Two models were simulated in empty, Half-full and full condition. For later conditions water mass has been considered in two parts as impulsive and convective suggested by GSDMA guidelines. In addition to that impulsive mass of water has been added to the container wall using Westergaard's added mass approach. Tank responses including base shear, overturning moment and roof displacement have been observed, and then the results have been compared and contrasted. The result shows that the structure responses are exceedingly influenced by the presence of water and the earthquake characteristics.
—Software tools are nowadays become very important and essential for the structural problems wher... more —Software tools are nowadays become very important and essential for the structural problems where a lack of well-established methods is available for analysis. Soil Structure Interaction (SSI) analysis is similar kind of problem where all the information about analysis is remains up to research level. In this paper, a finite element elevated reinforced concrete water tank is modeled and analysed considering SSI. For mounting soil effect at the base of tank, widely used cone model and elastic solid modeling techniques has been selected. In first method, equivalent spring model is used at the base of water tank and for other soil is modeled as elastic solid body. The effectiveness of both methods is discussed as well as output results are compared and contrast between modeling techniques using SAP2000 structural software.
—Analysis of ground supported water tank is generally carried out using IS 3370 (Part IV) design ... more —Analysis of ground supported water tank is generally carried out using IS 3370 (Part IV) design tables, which gives coefficients for calculation of bending moment and tensile force. This analysis method considers different base conditions like hinged or fixed, but does not consider any effect of load coming from top slab/dome. The analysis results are influenced by roof loading which is resting on the top of tank. Stress analysis results of rectangular tank with flat roof top and circular tank with dome of capacity 1000 m 3 are discussed in this paper. As due to lack of well-established guidelines and methods available for analysis, a general purpose software STAAD.Pro is used for performing three dimensional analyses with mesh element. The effects of dead load and hydrostatic water load have been considered. The objective of present study to understand the use of software STAAD.Pro for the analysis of ground supported tank.
In the 21st Century, with the expansion of cities, it is required to store and distribute water t... more In the 21st Century, with the expansion of cities, it is required to store and distribute water to areas far away from water reservoirs. RC elevated water tank is a feasible alternate for distributing water under natural head to the maximum possible area. It is very important for water tank to remain in function later to any natural calamity like earthquake. Seismic behaviour of them has to be investigated in depth. It can be seen from the literature that fluid-structure interaction plays an important role on seismic behaviour of elevated tanks. The main aim of this study is to analyse water tank in SAP 2000 considering fluid-structure interaction and compute structural response such as base shear, overturning moment, top displacement and sloshing displacement under response spectrum seismic analysis. Result shows dynamic response of SAP 2000 can be used for further analysis and fluid-structure interaction can be assigned using alternate approach.
— Structure Engineers are using exact methods to analyze indeterminate structures. These methods ... more — Structure Engineers are using exact methods to analyze indeterminate structures. These methods produce a structural solutions that satisfies the equilibrium of forces and compatibility of deformations at all joints and supports. If a structure is highly indeterminate, an exact analysis can be time consuming. For continuous beam the innovative approximate method gives nearly accurate results. This method is based on relative deformation coefficient. In this paper parametric study for two span continuous beam with the concept of innovative approximate method for continuous beam is performed. From the study one can prepare charts for finding out Relative deformation coefficient. By obtaining this coefficient, moment for continuous beam can be find out very easily and nearly accurately.
International Journal of Design Engineering
In highway design, subgrade strength ismostly affected by thickness of pavement. One of the metho... more In highway design, subgrade strength ismostly affected by thickness of pavement. One of the methods to determine the subgrade strength in India is CBR (California Bearing Ratio) test. CBR testing in the laboratory on soaked and un-soaked conditions to simulate the field soil conditions. in this paper the comparisons between CBR soaked test results for CBR un-soaked in some variation of silt+clay content in soil of Gujarat region and make simple comparisons between CBR soaked for CBR un-soaked by considering the soil properties whereas can be predicted the CBR soaked value based on the CBR unsoaked test results.The results showed that there was a linear correlation between the CBR soaked and CBR un-soaked also influenced by the nature of the index (the properties of the soil). The maximum value of CBR ranges of 20-40 percent silt+clay content.Silt+clay content also affect the DCP results and DCP is maximum at higher silt+Clay content.
Subgrade soil is an essential component for design of both flexible and rigid pavement structures... more Subgrade soil is an essential component for design of both flexible and rigid pavement structures. Laboratory assessment of California Bearing Ratio beneficial for design of flexible pavement, Coefficient of subgrade reaction K-Value required for design of rigid pavement, raft footing and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) is useful for determination of shear strength parameter of subgrade are time consuming and demand significant effort but mandatory. This study considers the use of multiple variable regression analysis (MLR) to predict the California Bearing Ratio (CBR), Coefficient of subgrade reaction K-Value, unconfined compressive strength, Dynamic Cone Penetration (DCP) from maximum dry density (MDD) and optimum moisture content (OMC) of subgrade. This paper presents the empirical correlations developed from multiple variable regression analysis from test results obtained from experimental investigation of soil sample taken from different locations of Gujarat region. The formulations are validated using other sets of tests data. The developed empirical correlations may be useful in quick determination of strength parameters of subgrade from physical properties.
The development of new roads, enhancement of existing roads and new runways are part of infrastru... more The development of new roads, enhancement of existing roads and new runways are part of infrastructure boom in India as well as in Gujarat. Need of strength parameters of subgrade soils is very important in design of roads and runways. Laboratory determination of California Bearing Ratio useful for flexible pavement design and Coefficient of subgrade reaction –K-Value needed for rigid pavement, raft footing are time consuming and demand significant effort but mandatory. Dynamic Cone Penetration test can be a faster and easier way to evaluate subgrade strength. In present study an investigation has been carried out on strength parameters for the soil from various locations of Gujarat, In-situ condition has been created in laboratory using bigger testing mould and various tests like Liquid Limit, Plastic limit as well as CBR, PBT, UCS and DCP were carried out on repetitive samples of Maximum Dry Densities achieved through modified proctor effect. The empirical correlations have been established among test results using linear regression procedure. The formulations are validated using other sets of tests data. The developed empirical correlations may be useful to estimate time consuming strength parameters as well as physical properties at numerous locations within area under consideration using simple and rapid DCP test.
The development of new roads, enhancement of existing roads and new runways are part of infrastru... more The development of new roads, enhancement of existing roads and new runways are part of infrastructure boom in India as well as in Gujarat. Need of strength parameters of subgrade soils is very important in monitoring and evaluation of roads and runways subgrade quality. Laboratory determination of California Bearing Ratio useful for flexible pavement design, Coefficient of subgrade reaction K-Value needed for rigid pavement, raft footing and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) is required for determination of shear strength parameter of subgrade are time consuming and demand significant effort but mandatory. Dynamic Cone Penetration test can be a faster and easier way to evaluate subgrade strength. In present study an investigation has been carried out on strength parameters for the soil from various locations of Gujarat, In-situ condition has been created in laboratory using bigger testing mould and various tests like Liquid Limit, Plastic limit as well as CBR, PBT, UCS and DCP were carried out on repetitive samples of Maximum Dry Densities achieved through modified proctor effect in soaked condition.The empirical correlations have been established among test results using linear regression procedure. The formulations are validated using other sets of tests data. The developed empirical correlations may be useful to estimate time consuming strength parameters as well as physical properties at numerous locations within area under consideration using simple and rapid DCP test.
Soil stabilisation is a process to treat a soil to maintain, alter or improve the performance of ... more Soil stabilisation is a process to treat a soil to maintain, alter or improve the performance of the soil as a construction material and very important to minimise the cost of earth work in case of unavailability of good earth at nearby source. The use of Stabilising agent, for sub-grade with weak soil, improves strength parameter such as cohesion and improvement in cohesion leads to strengthening of embankment. This will ultimately lower down the road construction cost. In present investigation fly-ash and cement are used as stabilizing agents with the sandy soil to improve strength properties and also to increase binding properties to prevent settlement of sub-grade and rain cut of road shoulders. Improved strength of soil provides stability to road embankment against soil erosion and settlement during rainy seasons. The present paper describes outcome of experimental investigation of effect of stabilising agents such as fly-ash and cement used with non-cohesive soil. The effects of stabilizing agent on soil characteristics and strength parameters are measured using tests like Sieve analysis, Liquid limit test, Plastic limit test, Plate Bearing Test, Dynamic cone Penetrometer test, unconfined compressive strength and CBR test. Using results of investigation, correlations are derived between simple, rapid and economical Dynamic cone penetrometer test and CBR value, UCS-value & K-value for various proportion of cement and Fly-ash mixed with sandy soil. Use of these correlations will prove economical and reduce considerable time.
—Steel concrete composite deck is used in many parts of the world as fast and economical structur... more —Steel concrete composite deck is used in many parts of the world as fast and economical structural system. Recently the techniques are getting attention in India also. The profile deck is made up of thin cold formed steel sheet which can be formed in any desired shape. In this paper, critical study is made by varying the geometrical and material strength parameters of steel concrete deck. Its effect on flexural resistance and neutral axis location is analyzed. Ductile behavior of deck is another important concern. Here, authors put forward the limiting value of neutral axis for commonly used grades of steel for profile deck, which should be checked to ensure ductile behavior of composite deck. The paper considers variations in concrete thickness, yield strength of material, cylinder strength of concrete for an open trough type profile deck .Analysis of moment of resistance and depth of neutral axis are made as per Euro code EN-1994 assuming full bond between steel and concrete. The results show that there is significant variation in flexural capacity and neutral axis location on varying geometrical and material parameters
Profile steel sheet concrete composite slab are gaining increasing usage in modern construction p... more Profile steel sheet concrete composite slab are gaining increasing usage in modern construction practice in many parts of world. But in India, composite deck construction is an emerging concept. Load carrying capacity of composite deck is associated with bond between steel and concrete, which is generally provided by embossment. Role of embossment, its standard dimensions and its ability to transfer horizontal shear for various profile configuration is not much explored in Indian context. Moreover, for each profile configuration and embossment pattern separate set of full scale testing is necessary. This paper focuses on innovative bond techniques as an alternative to embossments in profile sheets by relatively small scale test. A total of twelve composite specimens, each in set of two specimens are casted and tested under uniformly distributed load with varying interface connections. The connection patterns considered are: bolt with different orientation, semicircular bend and bolt combination, stiffener and fabricated embossment. Comparison of load carrying capacities from the tests is presented. Comparison of test result has been made and it is found that connection topology with semicircular bend and bolt combination performed better in terms of load carrying capacity than other topologies.
—Elevated water tanks are commonly used for storing water in public water distribution system and... more —Elevated water tanks are commonly used for storing water in public water distribution system and it should be competent of keeping the expected performance during and after earthquake. It has large mass concentrated at the top of slender supporting structure and hence extremely vulnerable against horizontal forces due to earthquake. They must be functional even after earthquakes to ensure water supply is available in earthquake-affected regions. A dynamic analysis of such tanks must take into account the motion of the water relative to the tank as well as the motion of the tank relative to the ground. Therefore, an understanding of the earthquake damage, or survival, of elevated water tanks requires an understanding of the effect of dynamic forces at each level from bottom to top. For certain proportions of the tank and the structure the displacement of the tank may be the dominant factor, whereas for other proportions the displacement of tank may have small effect. The main aim of this study is to understand the seismic behaviour of the elevated water tank under alternate column proportionality under different time history records using finite element software SAP 2000. The present work aims at checking the adequacy of water tank for the seismic excitations. The result shows that the structure responses are exceedingly influenced by different column proportionality and earthquake characteristics. The responses include displacement of elevated water tank at each level from bottom to top under the four different time history have been compared and contrasted.
—In the 21st Century, with the expansion of cities, it is required to store and distribute water ... more —In the 21st Century, with the expansion of cities, it is required to store and distribute water to areas far away from water reservoirs. RC elevated water tank is a feasible alternate for distributing water under natural head to the maximum possible area. It is very important for water tank to remain in function later to any natural calamity like earthquake. Seismic behaviour of them has to be investigated in depth. Historically, tank damage during earthquake occurs due to contribution of base shear, over turning moment, transverse displacement and sloshing displacement. Therefore, the estimation of the structural response to lateral forces has to be mainly investigated and elevated tank is to be designed accordingly. The reviewed literature shows different aspect for seismic behaviour of RC elevated water tank.
— Concrete is the versatile and widely used construction material due to its good compressive str... more — Concrete is the versatile and widely used construction material due to its good compressive strength. To achieve desired properties of concrete one of the major parameter is curing. There are various types of curing techniques used in the construction industry but it was found that proper curing should not take place due to several reasons like improper management, lack of quality supervising, lack of water etc. The study presents an evaluation of concrete strength using a polymeric self curing agent as an internal ingredient. Polyethylene Glycol [PEG] and Acrylic polymers of percentage " 0.2% limited based on past study " by weight of cement was used. Variation of compressive strength and weight loss has been carried out with three self curing agents. It was found that the compressive strength of PEG-400 was higher than other two self curing agents but at same time percentage weight loss was higher for PEG-4000.
Elevated water tanks are structures of high importance and it should be competent of keeping the ... more Elevated water tanks are structures of high importance and it should be competent of keeping the expected perforrnance during and after earthquake. It has large mass concentrated at the top ofslender supporting structure and hence extremely vulnerable against horizontal forces due to earthquake. The main aim of this study is to understand the seismic behaviour of the elevated water tank under alternate column proportionality under different time history records using software SAP2000. It considered water as two mass idealization suggested byGujarat State Disaster Management Authority(GsDMA)guideline. The result shows thatthe structure responses are exceedingly influenced by different column proportionality and earthquake characteristics. The responses including base sheaq overturning moment and tank displacement under the four different time history have been compared and contrasted.
Liquid storage tanks supported on staging are used widely for storing water. Staging is formed by... more Liquid storage tanks supported on staging are used widely for storing water. Staging is formed by a group of columns and horizontal braces provided at intermediate levels. The frame staging with a single row of columns placed straight (vertical) along the periphery of circle, are generally adopted for elevated water tanks to support the tank container. Apart from vertical column,tapered (inclined) columnsare also used to support the tank container.The aim of this paper is to study the seismic behaviour of elevated tank with frame type tapered staging under different time history records using FEM software SAP2000. Analysis follows the guideline for "Seismic Design ofliquid Storage Tanks" provided by the Gujarat State Disaster ManagementAuthorityand Preliminary Draft of IS: 11682 "Criteria for Design of RCC Staging for Overhead Water Tanks". The study have been assess, the behavior of staging considering quantities like, base shear, overturning momentand tank displacement which is highly affected under various degree of tapering, filled up conditions as well as diflerent characteristic of earthquake.
– A prescient assessment of early earthquakes reveals damage/failure of key lifeline facilities l... more – A prescient assessment of early earthquakes reveals damage/failure of key lifeline facilities like elevated water tanks in recurrence, leading to serious hazards even after the act. The Bhuj 2001 (India) earthquake left another example when large number of water tanks with shaft and frame staging suffered damage and few collapsed because of poor thin section and lack of ductility (Patel et al, 2012). One of the most common reason for failure of structures under seismic loading is failure of connection in structural members. The research presented in this paper investigates the innovative systems of precast panel as a novel method for building structures. The main objective of study is to determine the dynamic characteristics and the seismic behavior of the proposed precast panels compared to conventional shaft structural system during ground motion. Results of research indicates that the composed precast panel mechanism influences the performance of lateral load resisting systems of the structures during seismic activity, contributing to better structural flexibility and easier maintenance. The importance of water tanks are as old as civilized men needs, providing storage water for drinking, irrigation, fire safety as well as many other applications in industrial activity. Thus the water tower must remain functional during and after adverse ground motions. Their safety performance is a critical concern during and after strong earthquakes. Several research groups have looked at fluid structure interaction and improvement of water tanks performance (R. Livaoglu et al, 2006). In case of shaft structures less researches were published on the performance improvement of conventional shafts (D. C. Rai, 2002). This paper presents a new system of assembling shafts for elevated water tanks using composed precast panel assembly. This method is based on the use of panels which are readily transported and quickly assembled onsite. As a prototype for this study (AcerMetric, 2010), precast rectangle panel (panel 1) and curved panel (panel 2) are used as shown in Fig. 1a. 2. MODEL PROVISION For this study four water tower with different staging types and tank with same geometric configurations are designed and analysed in ANSYS under seismic conditions. Staging types adopted as square shaft (Model 1) and circular shafts (Model 2) compared with rectangle panel (Model 3) based shaft and curved panel (Model 4) based shafts as shown in Fig. 1b.
—Seismic analysis of hydrodynamic structure such as elevated concrete water tank is somewhat comp... more —Seismic analysis of hydrodynamic structure such as elevated concrete water tank is somewhat complex when compared with other structures. Also, dynamic fluid-structure interaction (FSI) plays an important effect in this complexity. The main objective of this study is the analytical evaluation of seismic response of elevated water tanks under different earthquake time history records with SAP2000 structural software. Two models were simulated in empty, Half-full and full condition. For later conditions water mass has been considered in two parts as impulsive and convective suggested by GSDMA guidelines. In addition to that impulsive mass of water has been added to the container wall using Westergaard's added mass approach. Tank responses including base shear, overturning moment and roof displacement have been observed, and then the results have been compared and contrasted. The result shows that the structure responses are exceedingly influenced by the presence of water and the earthquake characteristics.
—Software tools are nowadays become very important and essential for the structural problems wher... more —Software tools are nowadays become very important and essential for the structural problems where a lack of well-established methods is available for analysis. Soil Structure Interaction (SSI) analysis is similar kind of problem where all the information about analysis is remains up to research level. In this paper, a finite element elevated reinforced concrete water tank is modeled and analysed considering SSI. For mounting soil effect at the base of tank, widely used cone model and elastic solid modeling techniques has been selected. In first method, equivalent spring model is used at the base of water tank and for other soil is modeled as elastic solid body. The effectiveness of both methods is discussed as well as output results are compared and contrast between modeling techniques using SAP2000 structural software.
—Analysis of ground supported water tank is generally carried out using IS 3370 (Part IV) design ... more —Analysis of ground supported water tank is generally carried out using IS 3370 (Part IV) design tables, which gives coefficients for calculation of bending moment and tensile force. This analysis method considers different base conditions like hinged or fixed, but does not consider any effect of load coming from top slab/dome. The analysis results are influenced by roof loading which is resting on the top of tank. Stress analysis results of rectangular tank with flat roof top and circular tank with dome of capacity 1000 m 3 are discussed in this paper. As due to lack of well-established guidelines and methods available for analysis, a general purpose software STAAD.Pro is used for performing three dimensional analyses with mesh element. The effects of dead load and hydrostatic water load have been considered. The objective of present study to understand the use of software STAAD.Pro for the analysis of ground supported tank.
In the 21st Century, with the expansion of cities, it is required to store and distribute water t... more In the 21st Century, with the expansion of cities, it is required to store and distribute water to areas far away from water reservoirs. RC elevated water tank is a feasible alternate for distributing water under natural head to the maximum possible area. It is very important for water tank to remain in function later to any natural calamity like earthquake. Seismic behaviour of them has to be investigated in depth. It can be seen from the literature that fluid-structure interaction plays an important role on seismic behaviour of elevated tanks. The main aim of this study is to analyse water tank in SAP 2000 considering fluid-structure interaction and compute structural response such as base shear, overturning moment, top displacement and sloshing displacement under response spectrum seismic analysis. Result shows dynamic response of SAP 2000 can be used for further analysis and fluid-structure interaction can be assigned using alternate approach.
— Structure Engineers are using exact methods to analyze indeterminate structures. These methods ... more — Structure Engineers are using exact methods to analyze indeterminate structures. These methods produce a structural solutions that satisfies the equilibrium of forces and compatibility of deformations at all joints and supports. If a structure is highly indeterminate, an exact analysis can be time consuming. For continuous beam the innovative approximate method gives nearly accurate results. This method is based on relative deformation coefficient. In this paper parametric study for two span continuous beam with the concept of innovative approximate method for continuous beam is performed. From the study one can prepare charts for finding out Relative deformation coefficient. By obtaining this coefficient, moment for continuous beam can be find out very easily and nearly accurately.