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In recent years, many empirical studies about the factors affecting multinational/multicultural t... more In recent years, many empirical studies about the factors affecting multinational/multicultural team performance has been published. But these studies mostly focused on a single factor or only a maximum of three factors. Studies analyzing the complex relationships between these variables or their interrelations and how they influence team performance are missing. An interpretive structural modeling (ISM)-based approach has been employed to model the variables effecting multinational team performance. Societal factors and institutional factors are the major drivers for the performance of multinational teams. Organizational factors and education, which have high driving power and low dependence in the ISM Model, have emerged as the critical factors for improving performance of multinational teams. Management emerged as a linkage variable. Finally, Team Culture, Team Climate, Team Factors and CQ are weak drivers and strongly dependent on other variables. This paper provides a comprehen...

Earlier open innovation studies focused mainly on large enterprises. Limited number of studies on... more Earlier open innovation studies focused mainly on large enterprises. Limited number of studies on small and medium enterprises (SMEs), on the other hand, mainly focused on developed countries. Empirical studies on open innovation in developing country SMEs are still missing in the literature. This study addresses this gap by focusing on SMEs in a developing country context. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first explorative study that measures to which extent SMEs apply open innovation practices in Turkey. We draw on a survey database of 674 SMEs and found that more than two third of SMEs involve in open innovation. Among open innovation practices measured in this study, vertical collaboration (collaboration with suppliers and customers) emerged as the most common open innovation practice. We analysed the results according to the sector and found that SMEs in high technology sector involve in open innovation more than their counterparts in low technology sectors. However, more than half of low technology SMEs involve in open innovation. We also found that customers are the most preferred collaborators for SMEs, followed by suppliers and rivals. Final and the most interesting finding of this study is collaboration with suppliers yields more innovation than collaboration with customers.

Today's highly competitive and rapidly changing environment makes innovation more challenging, co... more Today's highly competitive and rapidly changing environment makes innovation more challenging, costly and risky for companies. To overcome these challenges and to decrease the cost and the risk of innovation, companies, including SMEs, have adopted a new approach called Open Innovation, which was proven by academic studies to be useful for SMEs to improve their innovativeness. However, studies about the openness of SMEs or the adoption level of open innovation approach by SMEs give conflicting results. We argue that these conflicting results stem from the different conditions in developing countries and developed countries. Main aim of this paper is to define factors that motivate or prevent the adoption of open innovation approach by SMEs operating in developing countries, and to suggest policy requirements and actions need to be taken to ease the creation of an open innovation ecosystems that support SMEs. Incentive to leverage SME-university and SME-LE collaboration, creating innovation hubs to improve networking ability of SMEs, free IP consulting, conducting external search on behalf of SMEs are some of the actions suggested in this paper.

serhat sağ

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NEDEN AÇIK İNOVASYON: AÇIK İNOVASYON UYGULAMALARI VE FİRMALARA SAĞLADIĞI YARARLAR Serhat SAĞ ÖZ... more NEDEN AÇIK İNOVASYON: AÇIK İNOVASYON UYGULAMALARI VE FİRMALARA SAĞLADIĞI YARARLAR
Serhat SAĞ

ÖZET
Yenilik ve teknolojik gelişim ülkeler için üretkenliğin artırılması, uluslararası rekabetçilik ve hayat standardının yükseltilmesinde hayati öneme sahiptir. Günümüzde ivmelenerek artan teknolojik gelişme ve değişim, küreselleşmenin getirdiği artan rekabet ortamı, hızlı değişen tüketici ihtiyaçları, firmaların hayatta kalabilmek ve sürdürülebilir rekabet avantajı sağlamak adına yenilik yapmalarını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Zorunluluk haline gelen yeniliğin maliyeti, günümüz ürün, süreç ve teknolojilerinin karmaşıklığı nedeni ile artmış, yenilikten sağlanan gelir ise, ürün yaşam süresinin kısalması ile azalmıştır. Maliyet ve gelir dengesinin firma lehine çevrilmesi ise açık inovasyon yaklaşımlarının benimsenmesi ile mümkündür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, son yıllarda özellikle Avrupa ve Amerika'da faaliyet gösteren büyük firmalar tarafından benimsenen açık inovasyon yaklaşımının uygulamaları ve firmalara sağladığı potansiyel yararları gerçek örnekler ile açıklamaktır.

ABSTRACT
Innovation and technological development is vital for increasing productivity, international competitiveness and increasing life standards. Accelareting technological development and change, competetive environment triggered by globalization, fast changing customer requirements makes innovation mandatory for firms to survive and gain sustainable cocmpetitive advantage. Cost of innovation increased because of the complexity of today's products, processes and Technologies, but profits from innovation decreased because of shorter product life cycles. It is possible for firms to decrease costs and increase profits by adopting open innovation approach. The aim of this study is explaining open innovation practices, which are adopted by European and American based large enterprises in recent years, and its potential benefits with real examples.

Teaching Documents by serhat sağ

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