Dr. Saeed Balubaid | Hadhramout University of Science and Technology (original) (raw)
Papers by Dr. Saeed Balubaid
Jurnal teknologi, Oct 15, 2014
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2017
In Malaysia, flash floods are common occurrences throughout the year in flood prone areas. In ter... more In Malaysia, flash floods are common occurrences throughout the year in flood prone areas. In terms of flood extent, flash floods affect smaller areas but because of its tendency to occur in densely urbanized areas, the value of damaged property is high and disruption to traffic flow and businesses are substantial. However, in river floods especially the river floods of Kelantan and Pahang, the flood extent is widespread and can extend over 1,000 square kilometers. Although the value of property and density of affected population is lower, the damage inflicted by these floods can also be high because the area affected is large. In order to combat these floods, various flood mitigation measures have been carried out. Structural flood mitigation alone can only provide protection levels from 10 to 100 years Average Recurrence Intervals (ARI). One of the economically effective non-structural approaches in flood mitigation and flood management is using a geospatial technology which involves flood forecasting and warning services to the flood prone areas. This approach which involves the use of Geographical Information Flood Forecasting system also includes the generation of a series of flood maps. There are three types of flood maps namely Flood Hazard Map, Flood Risk Map and Flood Evacuation Map. Flood Hazard Map is used to determine areas susceptible to flooding when discharge from a stream exceeds the bank-full stage. Early warnings of incoming flood events will enable the flood victims to prepare themselves before flooding occurs. Properties and life's can be saved by keeping their movable properties above the flood levels and if necessary, an early evacuation from the area. With respect to flood fighting, an early warning with reference through a series of flood maps including flood hazard map, flood risk map and flood evacuation map of the approaching flood should be able to alert the organization in charge of the flood fighting actions and the authority to undertake the necessary decisions, and the general public to be aware of the impending danger. However this paper will only discuss on the generations of Flood Hazard Maps and the use of Flood Risk Map and Flood Evacuation Map by using geospatial data.
International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 2018
Making a decision to select building structural components is one of the sustainable construction... more Making a decision to select building structural components is one of the sustainable construction keys. Extensive reviews of the literature revealed that despite various studies being carried out focusing on the selection of building component alternatives, it was found that none have focused on the selection of building component alternatives based on multiple energy efficiency criteria. In addressing the research gap, this study is conducted with the aim to identify the energy efficiency factors for a selection building structural component. A quantitative method research design was adopted through questionnaire surveys. The population of the study selected was engineers registered with the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM) in the year 2015. The Simple Random Sample (SRS) technique was adopted to select samples, and 263 samples were selected. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The outcome of these analyses has resulted in the identification of two main factors which consists of eight energy efficiency criteria. The results of this study are expected to be beneficial in developing a tool to assist the decision-makers in selecting the appropriate energy efficient building structural systems.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
Making decisions about the selection of energy efficiency building construction is one of the sus... more Making decisions about the selection of energy efficiency building construction is one of the sustainable construction key. Therefore it is crucial to identify criteria that can influence the choice of energy efficient common building structure systems. The main purpose of this paper explores the energy efficiency criteria for common building structure systems. Thus, the paper adopts a conceptual approach by using current literature on energy efficiency. The paper shows a wide range for the energy efficiency criteria for common building structure systems. This range in reported figures is due to the use of common different building structure systems through different LCA methodologies and different boundaries. For that reason, this paper contributes to the literature by providing deeper insights into the energy efficiency criteria influencing the selection of energy efficiency common building structure systems. The paper also present a new approach that will support energy efficienc...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Most of the developing countries experience rapid urbanization and population growth, Malaysia is... more Most of the developing countries experience rapid urbanization and population growth, Malaysia is among these countries as the population and the energy consumption in the country tremendously increased over the last few decades. A major challenge is the rate of energy consumption in the country is tremendous going higher which is a threat as the country was listed 26th out of the 30 top greenhouse emitters in the world. A survey was conducted on the ways occupants’ consumes energy in their residential buildings in relation to dwelling factors in the State of Johor Malaysia. Energy consumption of the residential owners was assessed using drop and pick self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaires were answered by each household heads. Air conditioning system, refrigeration system, kitchen appliances, bathroom and laundry appliances, lighting appliances as well as other home appliances was considered in the survey. Correlation analysis was used using Statistical Package for S...
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2017
Construction of infrastructure project is different from buildings. The main difference is term o... more Construction of infrastructure project is different from buildings. The main difference is term of project site where infrastructure project need to command a long stretch while building mostly confine to a limited area. As such factors that are critical to infrastructure project may not be that significant to building project and vice versa. Flood mitigation can be classified under infrastructure projects under which their developments are planned by the government with the specific objective to reduce or avoid the negative effects of flood to the environment and livelihood. One of the indicators in project success is delay. The impact of project delay in construction industry is significant that it decelerates the projects implementation, specifically the government projects. This study attempted to identify and compare the success factors between infrastructure and building projects, as such comparison rarely found in the current literature. A model of flood mitigation projects' success factors was developed by merging the experts' views and reports from the existing literature. The experts' views were obtained from the responses to open-ended questions on the required fundamentals to achieve successful completion of flood mitigation projects. An affinity analysis was applied to these responses to develop the model. The developed model was then compared to the established success factors found in building project, extracted from the previous studies to identify the similarities and differences between the two models. This study would assist the government and construction players to become more effective in constructing successful flood mitigation projects for the future practice in a flood-prone country like Malaysia.
Effective waste management and its contribution in green aspects at construction site is the cutt... more Effective waste management and its contribution in green aspects at construction site is the cutting edge sustainability research in construction industry. This paper highlights overview on waste management, types of building waste and more importantly the formulation of a conceptual framework to assess the performance of contractors’ contribution towards green waste management within Malaysian context. The discussion will also cover the exploration of the significant parameters required to be included in the scoring system emphasizing on the green issues in the construction industry. The green building index (GBI) appraisal system will be used as a guide to develop a more suitable and effective score measuring tool to assess the levels of green waste management contribute by contractors. The intentions are to promote the awareness of the green waste management and attract serious participations from contractors towards sustainable construction in the industry which in turn, helps to reduce the building material waste which is usually been ended up at the landfill or worst still dumped illegally on the unspecified areas
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Concrete structures are always exposed to the influence of environmental conditions. Mechanical p... more Concrete structures are always exposed to the influence of environmental conditions. Mechanical properties of concrete structures undergo changes due to temperature variation. Temperature reading varies with time, season, location and point. This manuscript compared temperature profile of various sizes of rectangular concrete structure. The thickness of the concrete structures ranges from 50 mm to 500 mm at regular intervals of 25 mm. One-dimensional transient heat conduction analytical method was used to generate data for the analysis. Findings showed that time taken for unit change of temperature at centre of rectangular concrete structure varies in a polynomial order with the thickness of the structure. Similarly, the gradient of the dimensionless surface temperature and thickness of structure is steeper as the thickness approaches zero. Furthermore, temperature values at specific points vary as thickness changes. Therefore, mechanical properties of concrete structures also vary ...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
The building sector is widely known for its greenhouse gas and carbon emission which is very sign... more The building sector is widely known for its greenhouse gas and carbon emission which is very significant to the global warming as observed in recent years. Many research works highlighted that buildings has a negative impact on the society as it consumes up to 80% of the total energy used during operation stage. In Malaysia, electricity energy consumption in buildings is 63,354GWh out of the total 116,353GWh of total energy consumed in the country in the year 2012. This paper consider the understanding level of the residential owners in their building energy usage at their various residential buildings. Energy use by household varies widely, this is due to the living standard of a country, type of buildings and climate condition of the region. The study is based on the tips and guides to energy efficiency at home of the Sustainable Energy Development Authority (SEDA) Malaysia. Data was collected through a questionnaire survey form and was analyzed using regression analysis, the resu...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Green highway is a highway project that has been designed and constructed with the sustainability... more Green highway is a highway project that has been designed and constructed with the sustainability requirements and global standard. Basically, green highway is one of the major parts for sustainable concept where three major aspects are addressed which are economic, social and environment. The main focus for economic aspect is to increase profitability by making more efficient use of resources especially material, improve the quality of life by fulfilling the nation’s need for social aspect while protecting the environment from the impact of CO2 emission and using of natural resources efficiently for the purpose of environment aspect. Therefore, it is important for highway stakeholders to incorporate sustainable criteria in their projects. The implementation of sustainable concept in highway needs to be evaluated by green highway rating tool assessment. Thus, the purpose of this study is to establish a tool to assess and certify a green highway in Malaysia. The data for this study w...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Construction labor productivity is critical to the success of the industry. It is thus, important... more Construction labor productivity is critical to the success of the industry. It is thus, important for the estimation and scheduling of construction project. However, most of the traditional construction firms have no accurate data on labor productivity. Therefore, this paper aims to identify through literature review those factors that affect labor production rate and evaluate their effects on the performance of the industry. The research made use of the 44 returned questionnaires from the contractors firms. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) to compute the mean score for each factor. These factors were subsequently ranked based on the mean score value.The results of the analysis has shown that, based on the management level factors “lack of motivation and incentive, lack of equipment, disruption of power and water supply and inspection delay” are the most significant factors affecting labour productivity each with mean score values of 0.79, 0.44, 0.38 and 0.35 respecti...
Risk Assessment consideration has become a major topic in modern organization plans. It is obviou... more Risk Assessment consideration has become a major topic in modern organization plans. It is obviously known that construction industry is not left out as it is faced with various challenges of risk. Oman is one of the Arabian Gulf countries that have huge offers from both private and public sectors of billions of dollars invested in the construction industry, infrastructural services, tourism and real estate. According to preliminary interviews with Oman"s construction firms, it appears clearly that risk assessment is not applied or not properly applied at most of construction firms. Lack of knowledge and awareness of risk management or assessment procedures in the construction industry in Oman caused an additional cost and time delay in most of construction projects. This paper aimed at identifying and evaluating the critical groups of risk factors in construction industry in Oman in order to avoid/reduce the continuous loss of financial and time resources in the private and pu...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2014
Oman as one of the Arabian Gulf countries which have invested billions of dollars in the construc... more Oman as one of the Arabian Gulf countries which have invested billions of dollars in the construction industries, infrastructural services and real estate, but it is clearly identified that risk assessment was not applied for once on these awarded contracts. Lack of knowledge and awareness of risk management or assessment procedures in the construction industry in Oman caused additional cost and time delay in most of the awarded construction projects. This paper aimed at developing a model for risk assessment in the Oman construction industry to save huge amounts of millions of money wasted due to this problem. A field survey of semi-structured questionnaire with face-to-face interviews was carried out in the Oman construction industry including public, contractors and consultants. The research approach relies on data collected from primary and secondary sources. Combination of quantitative and qualitative data analysis was used in analysing the data for the Model development. The r...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2013
Green highway is a roadway planned and designed with desires to integrate transportation function... more Green highway is a roadway planned and designed with desires to integrate transportation functionality and ecological. A green highway takes high consideration on the approach of environment to the transportation system development, the ecosystem, urban growth, public health and also to surrounding communities. Reference to standard system such Green Roads Rating System becomes more popular being used to measure the classification of a green highway. This journal paper aimed to discuss on how important is the energy efficiency criteria to be measured in the green highway development. Energy is considered highly related to highway development due to it is the most infrastructures involves in massive construction activities from its construction up to the operation and maintenance process. Relevant energy criteria in green highway development had been figured out and a checklist of the comparison among the current relevant reference in the green highway is highlighted in this paper. T...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2014
Building construction systems that come in different forms and types need to be properly selected... more Building construction systems that come in different forms and types need to be properly selected before being use, this may have different impact on overall embodied energy of the building construction. Hence, in order to achieve and maximize the construction contribution, the designer plays a big role in choosing the appropriate energy efficient construction. The designers need to be equipped with the right knowledge and tool which gathers a possible range of embodied energy indicators in order to select energy efficient construction. This paper aims at confirming the Malaysian common construction systems and compares it with the historical literature while it also explore energy efficiency in building construction. It is based on the common construction knowledge and also on the published literatures through a critical review of the possible range of embodied energy indicators and construction systems. The study demonstrated and confirmed that Malaysian common building constructi...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2014
Buildings consume up to 40% of the total global energy. By the year 2030, the consumption is expe... more Buildings consume up to 40% of the total global energy. By the year 2030, the consumption is expected to increase to 50%. In Malaysia, buildings consume a total of 48% of the electricity generated in the country. Commercial buildings consume up to 38,645 Giga watts (GWh) while Residential buildings consume 24,709 Gwh. Demand for electricity in the country is expected to rise from 91,539 GWh in the year 2007 to 108,732 GWh in 2011. By the year 2020, the energy demand in Malaysia is expected to reach 116 Million tons of oil equivalents (Mtoe). Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission in the country has increased by 221% ,which lists the nation at 26th among the top 30 greenhouse gas emitters in the world. Literature studies indicate more than 50% of this energy is used in buildings for occupants comfort (air conditioning and refrigeration). Energy consumptions by residential occupants can be minimized if energy usage is considered. This paper aimed at reviewing some literatures on energy consum...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2014
Energy efficiency is one of the most important issues for green buildings and their sustainabilit... more Energy efficiency is one of the most important issues for green buildings and their sustainability. This is not only due to the environmental impacts, but also because it incurs significantly high energy cost. The aim of this study is to identify the potential actions required for toll plaza that lead to energy reduction. The data were obtained through set of questionnaire and interviewing targeted respondents, including the employees at toll plaza, and architects and engineers who are directly involved in the design of highway projects. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis method. The findings of this study are the critical elements that influence the energy usage and factors that lead to energy wastage. Finally, potential actions were recommended to reduce energy consumption in toll plazas.
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013
The reduction in energy usage is proven able to minimize the carbon dioxide emission. By promotin... more The reduction in energy usage is proven able to minimize the carbon dioxide emission. By promoting energy efficient practices at Rest and Service areas (RSAs) along the highway, it is able to decreasing the carbon dioxide emission. This paper highlights the outcome of a study aims to compare the energy consumption of the RSA that utilized HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) and non-HVAC. Thus, the study extends to determine the potential retrofitting of RSAs that responsive to more energy reduction. Data collection conducted at the 6 RSAs in PLUS highway, Johor Region of Malaysia which are Pagoh RSA (Northbound & Southbound), Machap (Northbound & Southbound), and Gelang Patah (Northbound & Southbound). The results show that the energy consumption at Machap Northbound RSA is considered very high in comparison to the other RSAs in Johor Region that not utilized full HVAC. Thus, it was proven that the usage of full HVAC system contributing to the increase of energy consum...
Jurnal teknologi, Oct 15, 2014
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2017
In Malaysia, flash floods are common occurrences throughout the year in flood prone areas. In ter... more In Malaysia, flash floods are common occurrences throughout the year in flood prone areas. In terms of flood extent, flash floods affect smaller areas but because of its tendency to occur in densely urbanized areas, the value of damaged property is high and disruption to traffic flow and businesses are substantial. However, in river floods especially the river floods of Kelantan and Pahang, the flood extent is widespread and can extend over 1,000 square kilometers. Although the value of property and density of affected population is lower, the damage inflicted by these floods can also be high because the area affected is large. In order to combat these floods, various flood mitigation measures have been carried out. Structural flood mitigation alone can only provide protection levels from 10 to 100 years Average Recurrence Intervals (ARI). One of the economically effective non-structural approaches in flood mitigation and flood management is using a geospatial technology which involves flood forecasting and warning services to the flood prone areas. This approach which involves the use of Geographical Information Flood Forecasting system also includes the generation of a series of flood maps. There are three types of flood maps namely Flood Hazard Map, Flood Risk Map and Flood Evacuation Map. Flood Hazard Map is used to determine areas susceptible to flooding when discharge from a stream exceeds the bank-full stage. Early warnings of incoming flood events will enable the flood victims to prepare themselves before flooding occurs. Properties and life's can be saved by keeping their movable properties above the flood levels and if necessary, an early evacuation from the area. With respect to flood fighting, an early warning with reference through a series of flood maps including flood hazard map, flood risk map and flood evacuation map of the approaching flood should be able to alert the organization in charge of the flood fighting actions and the authority to undertake the necessary decisions, and the general public to be aware of the impending danger. However this paper will only discuss on the generations of Flood Hazard Maps and the use of Flood Risk Map and Flood Evacuation Map by using geospatial data.
International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 2018
Making a decision to select building structural components is one of the sustainable construction... more Making a decision to select building structural components is one of the sustainable construction keys. Extensive reviews of the literature revealed that despite various studies being carried out focusing on the selection of building component alternatives, it was found that none have focused on the selection of building component alternatives based on multiple energy efficiency criteria. In addressing the research gap, this study is conducted with the aim to identify the energy efficiency factors for a selection building structural component. A quantitative method research design was adopted through questionnaire surveys. The population of the study selected was engineers registered with the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM) in the year 2015. The Simple Random Sample (SRS) technique was adopted to select samples, and 263 samples were selected. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The outcome of these analyses has resulted in the identification of two main factors which consists of eight energy efficiency criteria. The results of this study are expected to be beneficial in developing a tool to assist the decision-makers in selecting the appropriate energy efficient building structural systems.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
Making decisions about the selection of energy efficiency building construction is one of the sus... more Making decisions about the selection of energy efficiency building construction is one of the sustainable construction key. Therefore it is crucial to identify criteria that can influence the choice of energy efficient common building structure systems. The main purpose of this paper explores the energy efficiency criteria for common building structure systems. Thus, the paper adopts a conceptual approach by using current literature on energy efficiency. The paper shows a wide range for the energy efficiency criteria for common building structure systems. This range in reported figures is due to the use of common different building structure systems through different LCA methodologies and different boundaries. For that reason, this paper contributes to the literature by providing deeper insights into the energy efficiency criteria influencing the selection of energy efficiency common building structure systems. The paper also present a new approach that will support energy efficienc...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Most of the developing countries experience rapid urbanization and population growth, Malaysia is... more Most of the developing countries experience rapid urbanization and population growth, Malaysia is among these countries as the population and the energy consumption in the country tremendously increased over the last few decades. A major challenge is the rate of energy consumption in the country is tremendous going higher which is a threat as the country was listed 26th out of the 30 top greenhouse emitters in the world. A survey was conducted on the ways occupants’ consumes energy in their residential buildings in relation to dwelling factors in the State of Johor Malaysia. Energy consumption of the residential owners was assessed using drop and pick self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaires were answered by each household heads. Air conditioning system, refrigeration system, kitchen appliances, bathroom and laundry appliances, lighting appliances as well as other home appliances was considered in the survey. Correlation analysis was used using Statistical Package for S...
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2017
Construction of infrastructure project is different from buildings. The main difference is term o... more Construction of infrastructure project is different from buildings. The main difference is term of project site where infrastructure project need to command a long stretch while building mostly confine to a limited area. As such factors that are critical to infrastructure project may not be that significant to building project and vice versa. Flood mitigation can be classified under infrastructure projects under which their developments are planned by the government with the specific objective to reduce or avoid the negative effects of flood to the environment and livelihood. One of the indicators in project success is delay. The impact of project delay in construction industry is significant that it decelerates the projects implementation, specifically the government projects. This study attempted to identify and compare the success factors between infrastructure and building projects, as such comparison rarely found in the current literature. A model of flood mitigation projects' success factors was developed by merging the experts' views and reports from the existing literature. The experts' views were obtained from the responses to open-ended questions on the required fundamentals to achieve successful completion of flood mitigation projects. An affinity analysis was applied to these responses to develop the model. The developed model was then compared to the established success factors found in building project, extracted from the previous studies to identify the similarities and differences between the two models. This study would assist the government and construction players to become more effective in constructing successful flood mitigation projects for the future practice in a flood-prone country like Malaysia.
Effective waste management and its contribution in green aspects at construction site is the cutt... more Effective waste management and its contribution in green aspects at construction site is the cutting edge sustainability research in construction industry. This paper highlights overview on waste management, types of building waste and more importantly the formulation of a conceptual framework to assess the performance of contractors’ contribution towards green waste management within Malaysian context. The discussion will also cover the exploration of the significant parameters required to be included in the scoring system emphasizing on the green issues in the construction industry. The green building index (GBI) appraisal system will be used as a guide to develop a more suitable and effective score measuring tool to assess the levels of green waste management contribute by contractors. The intentions are to promote the awareness of the green waste management and attract serious participations from contractors towards sustainable construction in the industry which in turn, helps to reduce the building material waste which is usually been ended up at the landfill or worst still dumped illegally on the unspecified areas
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Concrete structures are always exposed to the influence of environmental conditions. Mechanical p... more Concrete structures are always exposed to the influence of environmental conditions. Mechanical properties of concrete structures undergo changes due to temperature variation. Temperature reading varies with time, season, location and point. This manuscript compared temperature profile of various sizes of rectangular concrete structure. The thickness of the concrete structures ranges from 50 mm to 500 mm at regular intervals of 25 mm. One-dimensional transient heat conduction analytical method was used to generate data for the analysis. Findings showed that time taken for unit change of temperature at centre of rectangular concrete structure varies in a polynomial order with the thickness of the structure. Similarly, the gradient of the dimensionless surface temperature and thickness of structure is steeper as the thickness approaches zero. Furthermore, temperature values at specific points vary as thickness changes. Therefore, mechanical properties of concrete structures also vary ...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
The building sector is widely known for its greenhouse gas and carbon emission which is very sign... more The building sector is widely known for its greenhouse gas and carbon emission which is very significant to the global warming as observed in recent years. Many research works highlighted that buildings has a negative impact on the society as it consumes up to 80% of the total energy used during operation stage. In Malaysia, electricity energy consumption in buildings is 63,354GWh out of the total 116,353GWh of total energy consumed in the country in the year 2012. This paper consider the understanding level of the residential owners in their building energy usage at their various residential buildings. Energy use by household varies widely, this is due to the living standard of a country, type of buildings and climate condition of the region. The study is based on the tips and guides to energy efficiency at home of the Sustainable Energy Development Authority (SEDA) Malaysia. Data was collected through a questionnaire survey form and was analyzed using regression analysis, the resu...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Green highway is a highway project that has been designed and constructed with the sustainability... more Green highway is a highway project that has been designed and constructed with the sustainability requirements and global standard. Basically, green highway is one of the major parts for sustainable concept where three major aspects are addressed which are economic, social and environment. The main focus for economic aspect is to increase profitability by making more efficient use of resources especially material, improve the quality of life by fulfilling the nation’s need for social aspect while protecting the environment from the impact of CO2 emission and using of natural resources efficiently for the purpose of environment aspect. Therefore, it is important for highway stakeholders to incorporate sustainable criteria in their projects. The implementation of sustainable concept in highway needs to be evaluated by green highway rating tool assessment. Thus, the purpose of this study is to establish a tool to assess and certify a green highway in Malaysia. The data for this study w...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Construction labor productivity is critical to the success of the industry. It is thus, important... more Construction labor productivity is critical to the success of the industry. It is thus, important for the estimation and scheduling of construction project. However, most of the traditional construction firms have no accurate data on labor productivity. Therefore, this paper aims to identify through literature review those factors that affect labor production rate and evaluate their effects on the performance of the industry. The research made use of the 44 returned questionnaires from the contractors firms. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) to compute the mean score for each factor. These factors were subsequently ranked based on the mean score value.The results of the analysis has shown that, based on the management level factors “lack of motivation and incentive, lack of equipment, disruption of power and water supply and inspection delay” are the most significant factors affecting labour productivity each with mean score values of 0.79, 0.44, 0.38 and 0.35 respecti...
Risk Assessment consideration has become a major topic in modern organization plans. It is obviou... more Risk Assessment consideration has become a major topic in modern organization plans. It is obviously known that construction industry is not left out as it is faced with various challenges of risk. Oman is one of the Arabian Gulf countries that have huge offers from both private and public sectors of billions of dollars invested in the construction industry, infrastructural services, tourism and real estate. According to preliminary interviews with Oman"s construction firms, it appears clearly that risk assessment is not applied or not properly applied at most of construction firms. Lack of knowledge and awareness of risk management or assessment procedures in the construction industry in Oman caused an additional cost and time delay in most of construction projects. This paper aimed at identifying and evaluating the critical groups of risk factors in construction industry in Oman in order to avoid/reduce the continuous loss of financial and time resources in the private and pu...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2014
Oman as one of the Arabian Gulf countries which have invested billions of dollars in the construc... more Oman as one of the Arabian Gulf countries which have invested billions of dollars in the construction industries, infrastructural services and real estate, but it is clearly identified that risk assessment was not applied for once on these awarded contracts. Lack of knowledge and awareness of risk management or assessment procedures in the construction industry in Oman caused additional cost and time delay in most of the awarded construction projects. This paper aimed at developing a model for risk assessment in the Oman construction industry to save huge amounts of millions of money wasted due to this problem. A field survey of semi-structured questionnaire with face-to-face interviews was carried out in the Oman construction industry including public, contractors and consultants. The research approach relies on data collected from primary and secondary sources. Combination of quantitative and qualitative data analysis was used in analysing the data for the Model development. The r...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2013
Green highway is a roadway planned and designed with desires to integrate transportation function... more Green highway is a roadway planned and designed with desires to integrate transportation functionality and ecological. A green highway takes high consideration on the approach of environment to the transportation system development, the ecosystem, urban growth, public health and also to surrounding communities. Reference to standard system such Green Roads Rating System becomes more popular being used to measure the classification of a green highway. This journal paper aimed to discuss on how important is the energy efficiency criteria to be measured in the green highway development. Energy is considered highly related to highway development due to it is the most infrastructures involves in massive construction activities from its construction up to the operation and maintenance process. Relevant energy criteria in green highway development had been figured out and a checklist of the comparison among the current relevant reference in the green highway is highlighted in this paper. T...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2014
Building construction systems that come in different forms and types need to be properly selected... more Building construction systems that come in different forms and types need to be properly selected before being use, this may have different impact on overall embodied energy of the building construction. Hence, in order to achieve and maximize the construction contribution, the designer plays a big role in choosing the appropriate energy efficient construction. The designers need to be equipped with the right knowledge and tool which gathers a possible range of embodied energy indicators in order to select energy efficient construction. This paper aims at confirming the Malaysian common construction systems and compares it with the historical literature while it also explore energy efficiency in building construction. It is based on the common construction knowledge and also on the published literatures through a critical review of the possible range of embodied energy indicators and construction systems. The study demonstrated and confirmed that Malaysian common building constructi...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2014
Buildings consume up to 40% of the total global energy. By the year 2030, the consumption is expe... more Buildings consume up to 40% of the total global energy. By the year 2030, the consumption is expected to increase to 50%. In Malaysia, buildings consume a total of 48% of the electricity generated in the country. Commercial buildings consume up to 38,645 Giga watts (GWh) while Residential buildings consume 24,709 Gwh. Demand for electricity in the country is expected to rise from 91,539 GWh in the year 2007 to 108,732 GWh in 2011. By the year 2020, the energy demand in Malaysia is expected to reach 116 Million tons of oil equivalents (Mtoe). Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission in the country has increased by 221% ,which lists the nation at 26th among the top 30 greenhouse gas emitters in the world. Literature studies indicate more than 50% of this energy is used in buildings for occupants comfort (air conditioning and refrigeration). Energy consumptions by residential occupants can be minimized if energy usage is considered. This paper aimed at reviewing some literatures on energy consum...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2014
Energy efficiency is one of the most important issues for green buildings and their sustainabilit... more Energy efficiency is one of the most important issues for green buildings and their sustainability. This is not only due to the environmental impacts, but also because it incurs significantly high energy cost. The aim of this study is to identify the potential actions required for toll plaza that lead to energy reduction. The data were obtained through set of questionnaire and interviewing targeted respondents, including the employees at toll plaza, and architects and engineers who are directly involved in the design of highway projects. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis method. The findings of this study are the critical elements that influence the energy usage and factors that lead to energy wastage. Finally, potential actions were recommended to reduce energy consumption in toll plazas.
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013
The reduction in energy usage is proven able to minimize the carbon dioxide emission. By promotin... more The reduction in energy usage is proven able to minimize the carbon dioxide emission. By promoting energy efficient practices at Rest and Service areas (RSAs) along the highway, it is able to decreasing the carbon dioxide emission. This paper highlights the outcome of a study aims to compare the energy consumption of the RSA that utilized HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) and non-HVAC. Thus, the study extends to determine the potential retrofitting of RSAs that responsive to more energy reduction. Data collection conducted at the 6 RSAs in PLUS highway, Johor Region of Malaysia which are Pagoh RSA (Northbound & Southbound), Machap (Northbound & Southbound), and Gelang Patah (Northbound & Southbound). The results show that the energy consumption at Machap Northbound RSA is considered very high in comparison to the other RSAs in Johor Region that not utilized full HVAC. Thus, it was proven that the usage of full HVAC system contributing to the increase of energy consum...