Erol Balkan | Hamilton College (original) (raw)
Papers by Erol Balkan
Refugees on the Move highlights and explores the profound complexities of the current refugee iss... more Refugees on the Move highlights and explores the profound complexities of the current refugee issue by focusing specifically on Syrian refugees in Turkey and other European countries and responses from the host countries involved. It examines the causes of the movement of refugee populations, the difficulties they face during their journeys, the daily challenges and obstacles they experience, and host governments’ attempts to manage and overcome the so-called “refugee crisis.”
Berghahn Books, Dec 31, 2022
Research and Policy on Turkey, 2016
Party (JDP) – takes advantage of Europe to recall the Ottoman past. Thus it is argued that there ... more Party (JDP) – takes advantage of Europe to recall the Ottoman past. Thus it is argued that there is a parallel in the discursive acts of the both sides and one of the main critiques of the work is that both reduce what is political and social to cultural and civilizational. Moreover, it was also emphasized that the reforms of the JDP did not result in a structural change in the attitudes of the Sunni-Turkish majority towards the acceptance of other groups in Turkish society. Discussions are grounded through the major challenges to the traditional state structure of modern Turkey, namely the Alevi question, the Kurdish question and the headscarf issue and a key strength of the book is that arguments are supported by findings from the in-depth interviews with individuals from relevant social groups. The book makes a considerable contribution on questioning the concept of tolerance in Turkish society in the context of Europeanization and rightfully entitles it only as a ‘myth’ but not ...
Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews, 2010
... her support of Rutz during his stay and she, along with Niikhet Sir-man, Belgin Tekce, Fred S... more ... her support of Rutz during his stay and she, along with Niikhet Sir-man, Belgin Tekce, Fred Shorter, Ferhunde Ozbay, Leyla Neyzi, and ... Fiigen, Elif, and Tuncay Pulcu; Feray and Zeynep Oz; Birkan Yetkm; $ule Sevin; Sevil Tugrul; Dicle Oldurulenoglu; Lale Unal; Giiler Esmergil ...
Public Finance Review, 1991
one bracket; they claim &dquo;the other indexes depend on this assumption and will be differe... more one bracket; they claim &dquo;the other indexes depend on this assumption and will be different with different assumptions&dquo; (Greene and Balkan 1991, 111). This claim is incorrect. Kiefer (1984) shows that all of the progressivity indexes are unchanged in the face of a proportional change in incomes with an indexed tax system. The tax data used by Greene and Balkan (1987) and in my reexamination are in the form of effective tax rates which we applied to the assumed average incomes in each bracket to estimate average tax liability in each bracket. This is equivalent to working with an indexed tax system if income levels are changed proportionately. Hence, my procedure is not arbitrary; it yields accurate estimates of all of the progressivity indexes. Second, Greene and Balkan (1991) reveal that in their calculations they estimated a rebracketing of the after-tax income data. This introduces another arbitrary element into their estimates. While accu-
Public Finance Quarterly, 1991
Indices of progressivity may need some arbitrary assumptions for their calculation. The assumptio... more Indices of progressivity may need some arbitrary assumptions for their calculation. The assumptions the authors make are no more unreasonable than those suggested by Kiefer. Those that are salient concern the mean incomes in each bracket and the movement of families between brackets in the pre- and posttax distributions. If one accepts the authors' assumptions as reasonable, then there is little correlation between transitional measures of progressivity and more modern welfare-based measures.
Applied Economics Letters, 1995
Paper prepared for presentation at the International Development Economics Associates
In a well known passage in The Communist Manifesto Marx and Engels claim that the bourgeoisie ... more In a well known passage in The Communist Manifesto Marx and Engels claim that the bourgeoisie 'creates a world after its own image.' Inspired by this observation we argue that in its struggle to attain hegemony, the rising Islamic bourgeoisie in Turkey is attempting to fashion a 'world in its own image,' and we present some of the results of a comprehensive survey with selected middle class families of both the 'laic' and 'Islamic' communities in Istanbul. The Islamic and laic bourgeoisies are two separate capitalist classes that emerged in two different social sectors during the 20th century evolution of modern Turkey. The Islamic bourgeoisie has overtaken the laic bourgeoisie as we enter the 21st century. The constitutionally backed political power and role of the army which was at the top echelons of the social hierarchy during the reign of the laic bourgeoisie has been eroding and political parties and the organizations of the civil society have b...
Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice
Questo scritto mette a confronto differenti teorie economiche sull’arruolamento militare obbligat... more Questo scritto mette a confronto differenti teorie economiche sull’arruolamento militare obbligatorio, sottoponendole successivamente a verifica empirica.Si è sostenuto che, poiché il costo del servizio militare è concentrato su una ristretta base sociale, la maggioranza sarebbe pronta a votare contro la sua eliminazione.Il contro-argomento è stato che, poiché l’arruolamento obbligatorio è inefficiente, sarebbe invece conveniente eliminarlo. Infatti, con una forte domanda di lavoro e in assenza di guerre si dovrebbe fare minore ricorso all’arruolamento.Malgrado la varietà delle situazioni concrete, appare che i sistemi democratici sono quelli che maggiormente ricorrono all’arruolamento.Il problema è quello del confronto tra i costi di efficienza dell’arruolamento e quelli dovuti alle distorsioni prodotte dalle imposte che dovrebbero altrimenti essere prelevate per far fronte alle spese militari.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 00036849200000077, Jul 28, 2006
... variables correctly predicts reschedulings 92% of the time (51 out of 59, whereas the probit ... more ... variables correctly predicts reschedulings 92% of the time (51 out of 59, whereas the probit model excluding the political variables only predicts reschedulings 40% of ... This confirms the earlier discussion on the importance of the political risk factors in assessing country risk. ...
Research and Policy on Turkey, 2016
Economia Internazionale International Economics, 1995
Refugees on the Move highlights and explores the profound complexities of the current refugee iss... more Refugees on the Move highlights and explores the profound complexities of the current refugee issue by focusing specifically on Syrian refugees in Turkey and other European countries and responses from the host countries involved. It examines the causes of the movement of refugee populations, the difficulties they face during their journeys, the daily challenges and obstacles they experience, and host governments’ attempts to manage and overcome the so-called “refugee crisis.”
Berghahn Books, Dec 31, 2022
Research and Policy on Turkey, 2016
Party (JDP) – takes advantage of Europe to recall the Ottoman past. Thus it is argued that there ... more Party (JDP) – takes advantage of Europe to recall the Ottoman past. Thus it is argued that there is a parallel in the discursive acts of the both sides and one of the main critiques of the work is that both reduce what is political and social to cultural and civilizational. Moreover, it was also emphasized that the reforms of the JDP did not result in a structural change in the attitudes of the Sunni-Turkish majority towards the acceptance of other groups in Turkish society. Discussions are grounded through the major challenges to the traditional state structure of modern Turkey, namely the Alevi question, the Kurdish question and the headscarf issue and a key strength of the book is that arguments are supported by findings from the in-depth interviews with individuals from relevant social groups. The book makes a considerable contribution on questioning the concept of tolerance in Turkish society in the context of Europeanization and rightfully entitles it only as a ‘myth’ but not ...
Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews, 2010
... her support of Rutz during his stay and she, along with Niikhet Sir-man, Belgin Tekce, Fred S... more ... her support of Rutz during his stay and she, along with Niikhet Sir-man, Belgin Tekce, Fred Shorter, Ferhunde Ozbay, Leyla Neyzi, and ... Fiigen, Elif, and Tuncay Pulcu; Feray and Zeynep Oz; Birkan Yetkm; $ule Sevin; Sevil Tugrul; Dicle Oldurulenoglu; Lale Unal; Giiler Esmergil ...
Public Finance Review, 1991
one bracket; they claim &dquo;the other indexes depend on this assumption and will be differe... more one bracket; they claim &dquo;the other indexes depend on this assumption and will be different with different assumptions&dquo; (Greene and Balkan 1991, 111). This claim is incorrect. Kiefer (1984) shows that all of the progressivity indexes are unchanged in the face of a proportional change in incomes with an indexed tax system. The tax data used by Greene and Balkan (1987) and in my reexamination are in the form of effective tax rates which we applied to the assumed average incomes in each bracket to estimate average tax liability in each bracket. This is equivalent to working with an indexed tax system if income levels are changed proportionately. Hence, my procedure is not arbitrary; it yields accurate estimates of all of the progressivity indexes. Second, Greene and Balkan (1991) reveal that in their calculations they estimated a rebracketing of the after-tax income data. This introduces another arbitrary element into their estimates. While accu-
Public Finance Quarterly, 1991
Indices of progressivity may need some arbitrary assumptions for their calculation. The assumptio... more Indices of progressivity may need some arbitrary assumptions for their calculation. The assumptions the authors make are no more unreasonable than those suggested by Kiefer. Those that are salient concern the mean incomes in each bracket and the movement of families between brackets in the pre- and posttax distributions. If one accepts the authors' assumptions as reasonable, then there is little correlation between transitional measures of progressivity and more modern welfare-based measures.
Applied Economics Letters, 1995
Paper prepared for presentation at the International Development Economics Associates
In a well known passage in The Communist Manifesto Marx and Engels claim that the bourgeoisie ... more In a well known passage in The Communist Manifesto Marx and Engels claim that the bourgeoisie 'creates a world after its own image.' Inspired by this observation we argue that in its struggle to attain hegemony, the rising Islamic bourgeoisie in Turkey is attempting to fashion a 'world in its own image,' and we present some of the results of a comprehensive survey with selected middle class families of both the 'laic' and 'Islamic' communities in Istanbul. The Islamic and laic bourgeoisies are two separate capitalist classes that emerged in two different social sectors during the 20th century evolution of modern Turkey. The Islamic bourgeoisie has overtaken the laic bourgeoisie as we enter the 21st century. The constitutionally backed political power and role of the army which was at the top echelons of the social hierarchy during the reign of the laic bourgeoisie has been eroding and political parties and the organizations of the civil society have b...
Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice
Questo scritto mette a confronto differenti teorie economiche sull’arruolamento militare obbligat... more Questo scritto mette a confronto differenti teorie economiche sull’arruolamento militare obbligatorio, sottoponendole successivamente a verifica empirica.Si è sostenuto che, poiché il costo del servizio militare è concentrato su una ristretta base sociale, la maggioranza sarebbe pronta a votare contro la sua eliminazione.Il contro-argomento è stato che, poiché l’arruolamento obbligatorio è inefficiente, sarebbe invece conveniente eliminarlo. Infatti, con una forte domanda di lavoro e in assenza di guerre si dovrebbe fare minore ricorso all’arruolamento.Malgrado la varietà delle situazioni concrete, appare che i sistemi democratici sono quelli che maggiormente ricorrono all’arruolamento.Il problema è quello del confronto tra i costi di efficienza dell’arruolamento e quelli dovuti alle distorsioni prodotte dalle imposte che dovrebbero altrimenti essere prelevate per far fronte alle spese militari.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 00036849200000077, Jul 28, 2006
... variables correctly predicts reschedulings 92% of the time (51 out of 59, whereas the probit ... more ... variables correctly predicts reschedulings 92% of the time (51 out of 59, whereas the probit model excluding the political variables only predicts reschedulings 40% of ... This confirms the earlier discussion on the importance of the political risk factors in assessing country risk. ...
Research and Policy on Turkey, 2016
Economia Internazionale International Economics, 1995