Muthiahpillai Palanichamy | Hanseo University (original) (raw)
Papers by Muthiahpillai Palanichamy
Advanced Engineering Materials, 2002
Recently, a lot of attention has been given to microporous and mesoporous materials. The micropor... more Recently, a lot of attention has been given to microporous and mesoporous materials. The microporous and mesoporous materials are classified depending on their pore size up to 2 nm, and pore size 2 to 50 nm, respectively. The aim of this book has been to explore the variety of phenomena associated with the major forms of the material, while laying the foundation for a clear and detailed working and understanding of the materials. We tried to present new types of advanced materials, which are currently a hot topic, and provide readers with a selective review of important improvements in the field. Accordingly, this book "Microporous and Mesoporous Materials" focuses on important advances presented in the following chapters: "Biomass, Abundant Resources for Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Material", "Microporous and Mesoporous Materials in Decontamination of Water Process", "Overview of Phosphorous Effect in Molybdenum-Based Hydrotreating Catalysts Supported on Ordered Mesoporous Siliceous Materials", "Synthesis and Characterization of CMK Porous Carbons Modified with Metals Applied to Hydrogen Uptake and Storage", "Mesoporous Carbons for Energy-efficient Water Splitting to Produce Pure Hydrogen at Room Temperature", "The Increase of the Micoporosity and CO2 Adsorption Capacity of the Commercial Activated Carbon CWZ-22 by KOH Treatment", and "Application of Some Natural Porous Raw Materials for Removal of Lead and Zinc from Aqueous Solutions". I believe that every chapter in this book presents the progress in the subject and describes the latest advances in microporous and mesoporous materials. I am thankful to Ms. Romina Rovan, Publishing Process Manager, for her generous support at critical stages of this project. I also wish to acknowledge with gratitude the support and hospitality of InTech, Croatia.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2003
Hydroxyapatite (HAP), a well known biomaterial, was synthesized by a novel technique using agaros... more Hydroxyapatite (HAP), a well known biomaterial, was synthesized by a novel technique using agarose gel in a high alkaline medium at a relatively low temperature 85 • C. The XRD analysis of the as-synthesized material revealed the absence of either brushite or ␣ or  tricalcium phosphate phases. Sintering studies at 750 and 1200 • C revealed the conversion of HAP into pyrophosphate without leaving any additional phases. A considerable decrease in the transformation temperature of HAP phase to that of ␣-calcium pyrophosphate (␣-CPP) phase was found compared to the reported values.
The photocatalytic degradation of textile dye, basic yellow auramine 0 was studied by a batch pro... more The photocatalytic degradation of textile dye, basic yellow auramine 0 was studied by a batch process using ZnO as th e catalyst and sunlight as the ill uminant. ZnO was characterized by XRD, IR, DRS and BET techniques. Zinc oxide was found to be active tremendously in degrading the dye. In addition to removing the colour from the dye solution, the COD was also red uced suggesting that the fragments produced from the dye were mineralized. The process followed pseudo first order kinetics. The rate constant decreased with increase in the initial concentration of dye. The effect of H 2 0 2 , Fenton 's reagent and pH on the degradation of dye was also examined and the results were discussed.
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2008
Manganese incorporated SBA-15 was synthesized by pre-hydrolyzing tetraethyl orthosilicate and man... more Manganese incorporated SBA-15 was synthesized by pre-hydrolyzing tetraethyl orthosilicate and manganese acetate above the isoelectric point of silica (pH 2-4) employing triblock copolymer as the template. The synthesized material was characterized by AAS, XRD, N 2 adsorption, FT-IR, TGA, ESR, diffuse reflectance UV-Vis and SEM techniques. The XRD results showed well-ordered hexagonal array of the synthesized materials. The thermal stability of synthesized material was evaluated using TGA. The results of AAS, ESR and UV-Vis DRS revealed that almost all manganese added in the initial reaction is introduced into the product at higher pH. Thus, higher pH of the synthesis gel favoured better incorporation of manganese in the framework. The incorporation of Mn 2+ in the product was confirmed by ESR studies, and the presence of Mn 3+ ions was clearly evident from UV-Vis DRS studies. Thus manganese exists both as bivalent and trivalent states in all the synthesized materials.
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2006
ABSTRACT
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2007
... N. Venkatachalam a , M. Palanichamy a and V. Murugesan Corresponding Author Contact Informati... more ... N. Venkatachalam a , M. Palanichamy a and V. Murugesan Corresponding Author Contact Information , a , E-mail The Corresponding Author. ... One of the authors, N.Venkatachalam is thankful to the CSIR, New Delhi, India for the award of Senior Research Fellowship. ...
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2002
TiO 2 supported on alumina and glass beads were prepared and their photocatalytic activities were... more TiO 2 supported on alumina and glass beads were prepared and their photocatalytic activities were determined by photo-oxidation of commercial leather dye, Acid brown 14 in aqueous solution illuminated with solar light. The progress of photocatalytic degradation of the Acid brown 14 was studied by monitoring the change in the concentration of the dye employing HPLC and measuring the absorbance with UV-Vis spectrophotometer for decolourisation. The photodegradation rate was determined for each experiment and the highest efficiency was observed for TiO 2 supported on alumina beads suggesting that the dye molecules are adsorbed on the alumina supports to make high concentration environment around the loaded TiO 2. The effect of pH on the rate of degradation was followed in the pH range 3-11. Acidic pH range was found to favour the degradation rate. Comparative study of different advanced oxidation methods applied to degrade Acid brown 14 in aqueous solution was made and solar light/TiO 2 /Fenton system was found to be very effective.
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2013
![Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis of hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines under solvent-free condition using zn[(L)proline] 2 as lewis acid catalyst](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93617326/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 2005
Pyridine derivatives R 0380 Synthesis of Hantzsch 1,4-Dihydropyridines under Solvent-Free Conditi... more Pyridine derivatives R 0380 Synthesis of Hantzsch 1,4-Dihydropyridines under Solvent-Free Conditions Using Zn[(L)proline]2 as Lewis Acid Catalyst.-A study on optimum reaction conditions for the title reaction is performed. The conditions given are superior to known methods.
Applied Catalysis A: General, 2004
Oxyfunctionalisation of toluene with activated t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) was studied in the li... more Oxyfunctionalisation of toluene with activated t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) was studied in the liquid phase over Ti(IV) supported on NaY zeolite (Ti-NaY), silylated Ti-NaY (Sil-Ti-NaY), silica-supported titanium isopropoxide (Si-Ti(O i Pr) and silylated silica-supported Ti(O i Pr) {Sil-Si-Ti(O i Pr)}at 30 and 80 • C. Increase in temperature increased the TBHP conversion, and increase in the catalyst loading increased both conversion and high selectivity to benzaldehyde and benzyl alcohol. Though Ti-NaY gave high selectivity to benzaldehyde at 30 • C, the conversion was less. Silylated catalysts gave higher conversion than their parents, suggesting the importance of hydrophobicity for this reaction. The order of activity of the catalysts with respect to conversion at 30 and 80 • C for 12 h of the title reaction is Sil-Si-Ti(O i Pr) > Si-Ti-NaY>Si-Ti(O i Pr) ≈ Ti-NaY.
Advanced Porous Materials, 2014
ABSTRACT Iron containing AlPO-5 (Al/Fe = 75, 100 and 150) was synthesized hydrothermally in fluor... more ABSTRACT Iron containing AlPO-5 (Al/Fe = 75, 100 and 150) was synthesized hydrothermally in fluoride medium for catalytic applications. The framework incorporation of Fe3+ was confirmed by XRD from change in lattice parameters and shift in the angular position of the peaks. The DRS UV-vis spectrum revealed the absence of band gap excitation due to bulk iron oxide phase thus confirmed the framework incorporation of Fe3+ . The TPD (ammonia) study revealed the presence of weak acid sites in all the materials. The catalytic activity of the materials was examined for the Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes with 2,4-thiazolidinedione in water-ethanol (4:1) solvent system at 100 °C. The reaction yielded high conversion and selectivity to 5-arylidene-2,4-thiazolidinedione.
![Research paper thumbnail of [(L)Proline]2Zn Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,5-Benzodiazepine Derivatives under Solvent-Free Condition](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93617302/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](ChemInform, 2005
Multi-membered N-heterocycles R 0690 [(L)Proline] 2 Zn Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,5-Benzodiazepine ... more Multi-membered N-heterocycles R 0690 [(L)Proline] 2 Zn Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,5-Benzodiazepine Derivatives under Solvent-Free Condition.-The efficiency of the catalyst is demonstrated for a wide range of ketones (11 examples) under both conventional and microwave irradiation conditions. The catalyst is found to be reusable up to five times without appreciable loss of its catalytic activity.
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2009
Zinc aluminophosphate (ZAPO-5) molecular sieve was synthesized hydrothermally and ion-exchanged w... more Zinc aluminophosphate (ZAPO-5) molecular sieve was synthesized hydrothermally and ion-exchanged with Lewis acid metal ions such as Ga 3+ , In 3+ , La 3+ and Ce 3+ by wet method. The materials were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, BET, ICP-AES, 27 Al and 31 P MAS NMR, SEM, TPD ( ...
INDIAN JOURNAL OF …, 2000
The photocatalytic degradation of Acid Green 16 has been investigated in the presence of an aqueo... more The photocatalytic degradation of Acid Green 16 has been investigated in the presence of an aqueous suspension of ZnO irradiated with near UV light (254 nm). The influences of irradiation time, initial concentration of the dye, catalyst loadi ng, light intensity, pH, particle size, presence of oxygen , nitrogen, hydrogen peroxide, FeCl 3 and Fenton's reagent on the degradation efficiency were systemati cally studied. The decolourisation and extent of degradation of the dye were determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy and COD reflux methods respectively. Complete mineralisation was confirmed by COD analysis as well as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Journal of Porous Materials, 2008
Abstract Al-MCM-41, Fe,Al-MCM-41 and Zn,Al-MCM-41 materials with different silicon to metal ratio... more Abstract Al-MCM-41, Fe,Al-MCM-41 and Zn,Al-MCM-41 materials with different silicon to metal ratios were synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by XRD, BET, FT-IR, Acidity measurement by pyridine adsorbed FT-IR spectroscopy, 29Si and 27Al MAS NMR and ESR techniques. ...
Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 2005
The protonated cubic mesoporous aluminosilicate (Al-MCM-48) molecular sieves have been synthesize... more The protonated cubic mesoporous aluminosilicate (Al-MCM-48) molecular sieves have been synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption studies, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and solid-state 29 Si and 27 Al MAS NMR spectroscopy. The XRD patterns and nitrogen adsorption results reveal the cubic structural order and the mesoporous nature of the catalysts. 27 Al MAS NMR spectra demonstrate that most of the Al is incorporated in the framework in tetrahedral coordination. Acidity measurement by pyridine-adsorbed FT-IR spectroscopy reveals that the incorporation of Al in the framework imparts substantial Brönsted acidity, which increases with increase in metal content. Lewis acidity is probably generated by extra-framework Al species. Vapour phase isopropylation of naphthalene (NAP) with isopropyl alcohol (IPA) was carried out over H-form of Al-MCM-48 catalysts with different n Si /n Al ratios. The feed molar ratio of 1:2:10 (NAP:IPA:CYH) and WHSV (5.36 h −1) were found to be the optimized conditions for good NAP conversion with selectivity of 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene (2,6-DIPN). The effect of 2,6/2,7-DIPN ratio was also studied for catalysts with various n Si /n Al ratios and at different temperatures. Among the catalysts used in the present study, AlMCM-48 (25) showed a high NAP conversion and selectivity to 2,6-DIPN under the optimized reaction conditions.
Catalysis Communications, 2005
Liquid phase Claisen–Schmidt condensation between 2′-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde to form... more Liquid phase Claisen–Schmidt condensation between 2′-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde to form 2′-hydroxychalcone, followed by intramolecular cyclisation to form flavanone was carried out over zinc oxide supported metal oxide catalysts under solvent free condition. The reaction was carried out over ZnO supported MgO, BaO, K2O and Na2O catalysts with 0.2g of each catalyst at 140°C for 3h. Magnesium oxide impregnated zinc oxide was observed to offer higher conversion of 2′-hydroxyacetophenone than other catalysts. Further MgO impregnated with various other supports such as HZSM-5, Al2O3 and SiO2 were also used for the reaction to assess the suitability of the support. The order of activity of the support is ZnO>SiO2>Al2O3>HZSM-5. Various weight percentage of MgO was loaded on ZnO to optimize maximum efficiency of the catalyst system. The impregnation of MgO (wt%) in ZnO was optimized for better conversion of 2′-hydroxyacetophenone. The effect of temperature and catalyst loading was studied for the reaction.
Acylat ion of l -met hoxy-2-propanol and I-butyl alcohol has been in vestigated over MCM-4 1, AI-... more Acylat ion of l -met hoxy-2-propanol and I-butyl alcohol has been in vestigated over MCM-4 1, AI-MCM-4 1 (40), HPA MCM-41 and HPA-AI-MCM-4 I (400) /H JPW1P 40: 12H20 supported MCM-41 a nd AI-MCM-41 (400)1 in the liqui d phase, at appropri ate temperatures. Tho ugh HPA-MCM-41 and HPA-AI-MCM-4 1 (400) showed hi g h alcohol convers io n, leaching of HPA from th e cataly st surface is th e major proble m. T ho ugh th e att ainme nt of equi librium conve rsio n is littl e de layed over AI-MCM-4 1 (40) compared to HPA-MCM-41 it could still be a better catalyst, as it gives hi g h convers ion as HPA MCM-41. T he reaction has been found to occur largely wi thin the channe ls of the molecular sieves compared to the surface. T he reacti o n has also been studied over H~ zeolite (Si/AI =3. 14) for compari son and the results are discussed. Acylation of alc ohols with acetic anhydride is an industrially important reaction as th e products are extensively used as so lve nts for cellulose, oils...
ChemInform, 2010
ChemInform Abstract The title compound (I), a type of phosphorus heterocycle which has been found... more ChemInform Abstract The title compound (I), a type of phosphorus heterocycle which has been found to possess significant antitumor activity, crystallizes in the space group P21/c with Z=4.
Advanced Engineering Materials, 2002
Recently, a lot of attention has been given to microporous and mesoporous materials. The micropor... more Recently, a lot of attention has been given to microporous and mesoporous materials. The microporous and mesoporous materials are classified depending on their pore size up to 2 nm, and pore size 2 to 50 nm, respectively. The aim of this book has been to explore the variety of phenomena associated with the major forms of the material, while laying the foundation for a clear and detailed working and understanding of the materials. We tried to present new types of advanced materials, which are currently a hot topic, and provide readers with a selective review of important improvements in the field. Accordingly, this book "Microporous and Mesoporous Materials" focuses on important advances presented in the following chapters: "Biomass, Abundant Resources for Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Material", "Microporous and Mesoporous Materials in Decontamination of Water Process", "Overview of Phosphorous Effect in Molybdenum-Based Hydrotreating Catalysts Supported on Ordered Mesoporous Siliceous Materials", "Synthesis and Characterization of CMK Porous Carbons Modified with Metals Applied to Hydrogen Uptake and Storage", "Mesoporous Carbons for Energy-efficient Water Splitting to Produce Pure Hydrogen at Room Temperature", "The Increase of the Micoporosity and CO2 Adsorption Capacity of the Commercial Activated Carbon CWZ-22 by KOH Treatment", and "Application of Some Natural Porous Raw Materials for Removal of Lead and Zinc from Aqueous Solutions". I believe that every chapter in this book presents the progress in the subject and describes the latest advances in microporous and mesoporous materials. I am thankful to Ms. Romina Rovan, Publishing Process Manager, for her generous support at critical stages of this project. I also wish to acknowledge with gratitude the support and hospitality of InTech, Croatia.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2003
Hydroxyapatite (HAP), a well known biomaterial, was synthesized by a novel technique using agaros... more Hydroxyapatite (HAP), a well known biomaterial, was synthesized by a novel technique using agarose gel in a high alkaline medium at a relatively low temperature 85 • C. The XRD analysis of the as-synthesized material revealed the absence of either brushite or ␣ or  tricalcium phosphate phases. Sintering studies at 750 and 1200 • C revealed the conversion of HAP into pyrophosphate without leaving any additional phases. A considerable decrease in the transformation temperature of HAP phase to that of ␣-calcium pyrophosphate (␣-CPP) phase was found compared to the reported values.
The photocatalytic degradation of textile dye, basic yellow auramine 0 was studied by a batch pro... more The photocatalytic degradation of textile dye, basic yellow auramine 0 was studied by a batch process using ZnO as th e catalyst and sunlight as the ill uminant. ZnO was characterized by XRD, IR, DRS and BET techniques. Zinc oxide was found to be active tremendously in degrading the dye. In addition to removing the colour from the dye solution, the COD was also red uced suggesting that the fragments produced from the dye were mineralized. The process followed pseudo first order kinetics. The rate constant decreased with increase in the initial concentration of dye. The effect of H 2 0 2 , Fenton 's reagent and pH on the degradation of dye was also examined and the results were discussed.
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2008
Manganese incorporated SBA-15 was synthesized by pre-hydrolyzing tetraethyl orthosilicate and man... more Manganese incorporated SBA-15 was synthesized by pre-hydrolyzing tetraethyl orthosilicate and manganese acetate above the isoelectric point of silica (pH 2-4) employing triblock copolymer as the template. The synthesized material was characterized by AAS, XRD, N 2 adsorption, FT-IR, TGA, ESR, diffuse reflectance UV-Vis and SEM techniques. The XRD results showed well-ordered hexagonal array of the synthesized materials. The thermal stability of synthesized material was evaluated using TGA. The results of AAS, ESR and UV-Vis DRS revealed that almost all manganese added in the initial reaction is introduced into the product at higher pH. Thus, higher pH of the synthesis gel favoured better incorporation of manganese in the framework. The incorporation of Mn 2+ in the product was confirmed by ESR studies, and the presence of Mn 3+ ions was clearly evident from UV-Vis DRS studies. Thus manganese exists both as bivalent and trivalent states in all the synthesized materials.
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2006
ABSTRACT
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2007
... N. Venkatachalam a , M. Palanichamy a and V. Murugesan Corresponding Author Contact Informati... more ... N. Venkatachalam a , M. Palanichamy a and V. Murugesan Corresponding Author Contact Information , a , E-mail The Corresponding Author. ... One of the authors, N.Venkatachalam is thankful to the CSIR, New Delhi, India for the award of Senior Research Fellowship. ...
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2002
TiO 2 supported on alumina and glass beads were prepared and their photocatalytic activities were... more TiO 2 supported on alumina and glass beads were prepared and their photocatalytic activities were determined by photo-oxidation of commercial leather dye, Acid brown 14 in aqueous solution illuminated with solar light. The progress of photocatalytic degradation of the Acid brown 14 was studied by monitoring the change in the concentration of the dye employing HPLC and measuring the absorbance with UV-Vis spectrophotometer for decolourisation. The photodegradation rate was determined for each experiment and the highest efficiency was observed for TiO 2 supported on alumina beads suggesting that the dye molecules are adsorbed on the alumina supports to make high concentration environment around the loaded TiO 2. The effect of pH on the rate of degradation was followed in the pH range 3-11. Acidic pH range was found to favour the degradation rate. Comparative study of different advanced oxidation methods applied to degrade Acid brown 14 in aqueous solution was made and solar light/TiO 2 /Fenton system was found to be very effective.
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2013
Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 2005
Pyridine derivatives R 0380 Synthesis of Hantzsch 1,4-Dihydropyridines under Solvent-Free Conditi... more Pyridine derivatives R 0380 Synthesis of Hantzsch 1,4-Dihydropyridines under Solvent-Free Conditions Using Zn[(L)proline]2 as Lewis Acid Catalyst.-A study on optimum reaction conditions for the title reaction is performed. The conditions given are superior to known methods.
Applied Catalysis A: General, 2004
Oxyfunctionalisation of toluene with activated t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) was studied in the li... more Oxyfunctionalisation of toluene with activated t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) was studied in the liquid phase over Ti(IV) supported on NaY zeolite (Ti-NaY), silylated Ti-NaY (Sil-Ti-NaY), silica-supported titanium isopropoxide (Si-Ti(O i Pr) and silylated silica-supported Ti(O i Pr) {Sil-Si-Ti(O i Pr)}at 30 and 80 • C. Increase in temperature increased the TBHP conversion, and increase in the catalyst loading increased both conversion and high selectivity to benzaldehyde and benzyl alcohol. Though Ti-NaY gave high selectivity to benzaldehyde at 30 • C, the conversion was less. Silylated catalysts gave higher conversion than their parents, suggesting the importance of hydrophobicity for this reaction. The order of activity of the catalysts with respect to conversion at 30 and 80 • C for 12 h of the title reaction is Sil-Si-Ti(O i Pr) > Si-Ti-NaY>Si-Ti(O i Pr) ≈ Ti-NaY.
Advanced Porous Materials, 2014
ABSTRACT Iron containing AlPO-5 (Al/Fe = 75, 100 and 150) was synthesized hydrothermally in fluor... more ABSTRACT Iron containing AlPO-5 (Al/Fe = 75, 100 and 150) was synthesized hydrothermally in fluoride medium for catalytic applications. The framework incorporation of Fe3+ was confirmed by XRD from change in lattice parameters and shift in the angular position of the peaks. The DRS UV-vis spectrum revealed the absence of band gap excitation due to bulk iron oxide phase thus confirmed the framework incorporation of Fe3+ . The TPD (ammonia) study revealed the presence of weak acid sites in all the materials. The catalytic activity of the materials was examined for the Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes with 2,4-thiazolidinedione in water-ethanol (4:1) solvent system at 100 °C. The reaction yielded high conversion and selectivity to 5-arylidene-2,4-thiazolidinedione.
ChemInform, 2005
Multi-membered N-heterocycles R 0690 [(L)Proline] 2 Zn Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,5-Benzodiazepine ... more Multi-membered N-heterocycles R 0690 [(L)Proline] 2 Zn Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,5-Benzodiazepine Derivatives under Solvent-Free Condition.-The efficiency of the catalyst is demonstrated for a wide range of ketones (11 examples) under both conventional and microwave irradiation conditions. The catalyst is found to be reusable up to five times without appreciable loss of its catalytic activity.
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2009
Zinc aluminophosphate (ZAPO-5) molecular sieve was synthesized hydrothermally and ion-exchanged w... more Zinc aluminophosphate (ZAPO-5) molecular sieve was synthesized hydrothermally and ion-exchanged with Lewis acid metal ions such as Ga 3+ , In 3+ , La 3+ and Ce 3+ by wet method. The materials were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, BET, ICP-AES, 27 Al and 31 P MAS NMR, SEM, TPD ( ...
INDIAN JOURNAL OF …, 2000
The photocatalytic degradation of Acid Green 16 has been investigated in the presence of an aqueo... more The photocatalytic degradation of Acid Green 16 has been investigated in the presence of an aqueous suspension of ZnO irradiated with near UV light (254 nm). The influences of irradiation time, initial concentration of the dye, catalyst loadi ng, light intensity, pH, particle size, presence of oxygen , nitrogen, hydrogen peroxide, FeCl 3 and Fenton's reagent on the degradation efficiency were systemati cally studied. The decolourisation and extent of degradation of the dye were determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy and COD reflux methods respectively. Complete mineralisation was confirmed by COD analysis as well as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Journal of Porous Materials, 2008
Abstract Al-MCM-41, Fe,Al-MCM-41 and Zn,Al-MCM-41 materials with different silicon to metal ratio... more Abstract Al-MCM-41, Fe,Al-MCM-41 and Zn,Al-MCM-41 materials with different silicon to metal ratios were synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by XRD, BET, FT-IR, Acidity measurement by pyridine adsorbed FT-IR spectroscopy, 29Si and 27Al MAS NMR and ESR techniques. ...
Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 2005
The protonated cubic mesoporous aluminosilicate (Al-MCM-48) molecular sieves have been synthesize... more The protonated cubic mesoporous aluminosilicate (Al-MCM-48) molecular sieves have been synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption studies, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and solid-state 29 Si and 27 Al MAS NMR spectroscopy. The XRD patterns and nitrogen adsorption results reveal the cubic structural order and the mesoporous nature of the catalysts. 27 Al MAS NMR spectra demonstrate that most of the Al is incorporated in the framework in tetrahedral coordination. Acidity measurement by pyridine-adsorbed FT-IR spectroscopy reveals that the incorporation of Al in the framework imparts substantial Brönsted acidity, which increases with increase in metal content. Lewis acidity is probably generated by extra-framework Al species. Vapour phase isopropylation of naphthalene (NAP) with isopropyl alcohol (IPA) was carried out over H-form of Al-MCM-48 catalysts with different n Si /n Al ratios. The feed molar ratio of 1:2:10 (NAP:IPA:CYH) and WHSV (5.36 h −1) were found to be the optimized conditions for good NAP conversion with selectivity of 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene (2,6-DIPN). The effect of 2,6/2,7-DIPN ratio was also studied for catalysts with various n Si /n Al ratios and at different temperatures. Among the catalysts used in the present study, AlMCM-48 (25) showed a high NAP conversion and selectivity to 2,6-DIPN under the optimized reaction conditions.
Catalysis Communications, 2005
Liquid phase Claisen–Schmidt condensation between 2′-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde to form... more Liquid phase Claisen–Schmidt condensation between 2′-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde to form 2′-hydroxychalcone, followed by intramolecular cyclisation to form flavanone was carried out over zinc oxide supported metal oxide catalysts under solvent free condition. The reaction was carried out over ZnO supported MgO, BaO, K2O and Na2O catalysts with 0.2g of each catalyst at 140°C for 3h. Magnesium oxide impregnated zinc oxide was observed to offer higher conversion of 2′-hydroxyacetophenone than other catalysts. Further MgO impregnated with various other supports such as HZSM-5, Al2O3 and SiO2 were also used for the reaction to assess the suitability of the support. The order of activity of the support is ZnO>SiO2>Al2O3>HZSM-5. Various weight percentage of MgO was loaded on ZnO to optimize maximum efficiency of the catalyst system. The impregnation of MgO (wt%) in ZnO was optimized for better conversion of 2′-hydroxyacetophenone. The effect of temperature and catalyst loading was studied for the reaction.
Acylat ion of l -met hoxy-2-propanol and I-butyl alcohol has been in vestigated over MCM-4 1, AI-... more Acylat ion of l -met hoxy-2-propanol and I-butyl alcohol has been in vestigated over MCM-4 1, AI-MCM-4 1 (40), HPA MCM-41 and HPA-AI-MCM-4 I (400) /H JPW1P 40: 12H20 supported MCM-41 a nd AI-MCM-41 (400)1 in the liqui d phase, at appropri ate temperatures. Tho ugh HPA-MCM-41 and HPA-AI-MCM-4 1 (400) showed hi g h alcohol convers io n, leaching of HPA from th e cataly st surface is th e major proble m. T ho ugh th e att ainme nt of equi librium conve rsio n is littl e de layed over AI-MCM-4 1 (40) compared to HPA-MCM-41 it could still be a better catalyst, as it gives hi g h convers ion as HPA MCM-41. T he reaction has been found to occur largely wi thin the channe ls of the molecular sieves compared to the surface. T he reacti o n has also been studied over H~ zeolite (Si/AI =3. 14) for compari son and the results are discussed. Acylation of alc ohols with acetic anhydride is an industrially important reaction as th e products are extensively used as so lve nts for cellulose, oils...
ChemInform, 2010
ChemInform Abstract The title compound (I), a type of phosphorus heterocycle which has been found... more ChemInform Abstract The title compound (I), a type of phosphorus heterocycle which has been found to possess significant antitumor activity, crystallizes in the space group P21/c with Z=4.