Maikon Borba | Harding University (original) (raw)
Papers by Maikon Borba
Harding University, 2017
This is a thorough research on Colossians 1:15-23. It includes: 1) a detailed analysis of the his... more This is a thorough research on Colossians 1:15-23. It includes: 1) a detailed analysis of the historical and cultural backgrounds of the city of Colossae and the Colossian church; 2) Linguistic aspects of the passage; 3) Implication and applications to today's church.
Harding University, 2019
There's been huge debate over the pericope adulterae in both academia and religious circl... more There's been huge debate over the pericope adulterae in both academia and religious circles. Is it truly part of the Gospel of John (or Luke)? Even though textual criticism shows us that it was not original to any first-century apostolic writing, can we call it authoritative nevertheless?
Harding University, 2019
Howard and Jane Norton were part of the Sao Paulo, Brazil Team in the 1960s. The work done by Nor... more Howard and Jane Norton were part of the Sao Paulo, Brazil Team in the 1960s. The work done by Norton and the rest of the team has profoundly inspired and changed the churches of Christ in the country. Many missionaries (in Brazil and abroad) have been tremendously influenced by the work done by Norton.
Harding University, 2019
There's been huge debate over the pericope adulterae in both academia and religious circles. Is i... more There's been huge debate over the pericope adulterae in both academia and religious circles. Is it truly part of the Gospel of John (or Luke)? Even though textual criticism shows us that it was not original to any first-century apostolic writing, can we call it authoritative nevertheless?
Harding University, 2019
The Southern Cross (Crux) is maybe the most important constellation in the southern hemisphere. I... more The Southern Cross (Crux) is maybe the most important constellation in the southern hemisphere. It is present not only in the Brazilian flag but in many others.
Harding University, 2019
The King David of Chronicles is quite different from the one of Samuel-Kings. The Thanksgiving So... more The King David of Chronicles is quite different from the one of Samuel-Kings. The Thanksgiving Song in 1 Chronicles 16 helps us see the heart of David as a man who truly loved and worshiped YHWH with all his being. This passage helps us understand how, even the not-so-perfect David in Samuel-Kings, can still be a man after God's own heart.
Harding University, 2019
This is an exegesis on Mark 1:1-13. This paper contains: 1) a quick analysis of the historical/cu... more This is an exegesis on Mark 1:1-13. This paper contains: 1) a quick analysis of the historical/cultural background of the Gospel of Mark; 2) key theological themes; 3) verse by verse interpretation; and 4) lifestyle application.
Harding University, 2016
What was the Jerusalem Temple like and what was its purpose? How did it compare to temples in oth... more What was the Jerusalem Temple like and what was its purpose? How did it compare to temples in other ancient Near East nations? How should Christianity view the temple and the modern church building?
Harding University, 2018
Obadiah is one of the 12 minor prophets and is also the smallest book in the Old Testament. Howev... more Obadiah is one of the 12 minor prophets and is also the smallest book in the Old Testament. However, this does not diminish the significance of its message, which is still really relevant to us nowadays.
Harding University, 2017
This is a thorough research on Colossians 1:15-23. It includes: 1) a detailed analysis of the his... more This is a thorough research on Colossians 1:15-23. It includes: 1) a detailed analysis of the historical and cultural backgrounds of the city of Colossae and the Colossian church; 2) Linguistic aspects of the passage; 3) Implication and applications to today's church.
Harding University, 2018
The Quechuas (Ethnonyms: Kichwa, Qquichua, Quechua, Kechua) are the largest indigenous people in... more The Quechuas (Ethnonyms: Kichwa, Qquichua, Quechua, Kechua) are the largest indigenous people in South America. Distributed throughout the entire continent, the most significant populations are located in the Andes Mountains, primarily in Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador. Less populated groups are also found in Colombia, Argentina, Chile and Brazil. There is an important distinction – and many times intertwine – between the Quechua, as an ethnic group, and the speakers of the Quechua language. The number of Quechuas living in South America today is believed to be around 2,5 million, however, the speakers of the Quechua language can be as much as 10 million.
The Quechuas probably are the biological descendants of the first Andean population, but the line of descent is not direct. Several times in the history of the region, populations were moved in and out. Culturally, today’s Quechuas are the inheritors of an indigenous Andean culture that extends back at least to 8000 B.C.E. and quite likely as far as 20000 B.C.E. They see themselves as descendants of the Incas and the Quechua language was the one spoken by the ancient empire. Today, Quechua is still the most widely spoken Amerindian language in South America and, in Peru alone, over one fourth of the population speak it as their native tongue. Despite their ethnic diversity and linguistic distinctions, the various Quechua ethnic groups have numerous cultural characteristics in common with one another.
Subsisted farming is the base of the Quechua economy. They are known for their potato crops and for raising llamas and alpacas. Pottery, textiles and other handcrafts are also produced for sale at local markets. In terms of religion, they have been strongly influenced by Roman Catholicism, which was brought by the Spanish invaders in the 16th century. Nowadays, syncretism between Christianity and ancient Quechua religious practices walk hand in hand.
The Quechua are a diverse people with a rich culture but are still found at the bottom of the social strata and are very oppressed by the “whites” (full-blooded Spanish) and the mestizos (mixed-blood people).
With this research paper, our group intends to learn more about the Quechua people and also understand their history, cultural and religious practices. As we comprehend more about them, we will be able to better connect and share the good news of Jesus Christ with them.
Harding University, 2017
This is a cultural analysis of the movie The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wa... more This is a cultural analysis of the movie The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe. How did Disney adapt the book, which is profoundly based on Christianity? How was it received by the great masses?
Harding University, 2017
How should εὐαγγελίζω (euangelízō) be translated into our English Bibles? Why most Christians rea... more How should εὐαγγελίζω (euangelízō) be translated into our English Bibles? Why most Christians read the term "preach" and instantly associate it with the job of the preacher or pastor? Is only the missionary or the evangelist who are to share the good news of Jesus?
Harding University, 2017
What is Glossolalia (speaking in tongues)? Should it still be practiced in today's church?
Harding University, 2017
Most authors and researchers in various fields would agree that the transgender issue is very cha... more Most authors and researchers in various fields would agree that the transgender issue is very challenging to understand, let alone explain. This is indeed a very controversial topic and there is currently, maybe more so now than ever before, heated debate over people’s genders and their sexuality. A cultural shift – as significant as that toward African-Americans and (though not parallel) homosexuals – is predicted and it is not surprising, then, that Time magazine called transgender the next civil rights movement.
Today’s western world seems to be getting more and more permissible and liberal in terms of culture and behavior. Gay activists and transgender movements are pushing the boundaries for acceptance and normalization of their identities and sexual practices and, contrary to that, biology and religion strongly oppose them. Which side is right? Or, better put, is there a right side? The ongoing disputes over homosexuality based on scriptural interpretation are still one of the leading issues that continue to keep the LGBTQ community divided. As clergy and laypersons wrestle with each other, Christ’s message of forgiveness and love to everyone seems to be put to the side as people are being labeled as either worthy or unworthy of Him.
Harding University, 2018
The book of Hebrews is full of fascinating mysteries that have puzzled many researchers and schol... more The book of Hebrews is full of fascinating mysteries that have puzzled many researchers and scholars throughout history. It is a difficult riddle, one which many people have tried to decipher with various degrees of precision and success. We cannot know for sure who the author was, nor the exact audience, nor even the date in which it was written. Therefore, it should not come as a surprise that the literary genre and structure of Hebrews would be a case of great dispute and controversy. It is indeed a great challenge for anyone who wishes to analyze it.
With this research paper I intend to thoroughly study several options in which, literarily speaking, Hebrews has been placed into. 1) In the first section I will quickly present a historical analysis of the genre of Hebrews and show how it has been classified, from the time of the early church fathers until today. 2) In the second section I will examine the characteristics that could make Hebrews be considered an epistle. What features does it have that would qualify it as a letter? 3) The third section will focus on the linguistic and rhetorical features that support the idea that Hebrews is actually a sermon/homily. 4) Finally, in the fourth and last section I will share a few other possible genres for Hebrews. Some alternatives include: an exhortation, a speech, a midrash, and a treatise.
I humbly admit the complexity of the text and do not aim at drawing a definite and clear answer to the literary genre applied by the author. My main goal with this analysis is simply to better understand Hebrews as a whole.
Drafts by Maikon Borba
Jornal NH, 1981
This is an interview given by Baron von Berg in 1981 to Jornal NH, in Novo Hamburgo (southern Bra... more This is an interview given by Baron von Berg in 1981 to Jornal NH, in Novo Hamburgo (southern Brazil). His full name was Dietrich Günther von Berg and he was a famous opera singer in Germany during WWII. He was saught after and forced by the Nazi to do propaganda for them. He ran away from Germany and helped his Jewish friends.
Harding University, 2017
This is a thorough research on Colossians 1:15-23. It includes: 1) a detailed analysis of the his... more This is a thorough research on Colossians 1:15-23. It includes: 1) a detailed analysis of the historical and cultural backgrounds of the city of Colossae and the Colossian church; 2) Linguistic aspects of the passage; 3) Implication and applications to today's church.
Harding University, 2019
There's been huge debate over the pericope adulterae in both academia and religious circl... more There's been huge debate over the pericope adulterae in both academia and religious circles. Is it truly part of the Gospel of John (or Luke)? Even though textual criticism shows us that it was not original to any first-century apostolic writing, can we call it authoritative nevertheless?
Harding University, 2019
Howard and Jane Norton were part of the Sao Paulo, Brazil Team in the 1960s. The work done by Nor... more Howard and Jane Norton were part of the Sao Paulo, Brazil Team in the 1960s. The work done by Norton and the rest of the team has profoundly inspired and changed the churches of Christ in the country. Many missionaries (in Brazil and abroad) have been tremendously influenced by the work done by Norton.
Harding University, 2019
There's been huge debate over the pericope adulterae in both academia and religious circles. Is i... more There's been huge debate over the pericope adulterae in both academia and religious circles. Is it truly part of the Gospel of John (or Luke)? Even though textual criticism shows us that it was not original to any first-century apostolic writing, can we call it authoritative nevertheless?
Harding University, 2019
The Southern Cross (Crux) is maybe the most important constellation in the southern hemisphere. I... more The Southern Cross (Crux) is maybe the most important constellation in the southern hemisphere. It is present not only in the Brazilian flag but in many others.
Harding University, 2019
The King David of Chronicles is quite different from the one of Samuel-Kings. The Thanksgiving So... more The King David of Chronicles is quite different from the one of Samuel-Kings. The Thanksgiving Song in 1 Chronicles 16 helps us see the heart of David as a man who truly loved and worshiped YHWH with all his being. This passage helps us understand how, even the not-so-perfect David in Samuel-Kings, can still be a man after God's own heart.
Harding University, 2019
This is an exegesis on Mark 1:1-13. This paper contains: 1) a quick analysis of the historical/cu... more This is an exegesis on Mark 1:1-13. This paper contains: 1) a quick analysis of the historical/cultural background of the Gospel of Mark; 2) key theological themes; 3) verse by verse interpretation; and 4) lifestyle application.
Harding University, 2016
What was the Jerusalem Temple like and what was its purpose? How did it compare to temples in oth... more What was the Jerusalem Temple like and what was its purpose? How did it compare to temples in other ancient Near East nations? How should Christianity view the temple and the modern church building?
Harding University, 2018
Obadiah is one of the 12 minor prophets and is also the smallest book in the Old Testament. Howev... more Obadiah is one of the 12 minor prophets and is also the smallest book in the Old Testament. However, this does not diminish the significance of its message, which is still really relevant to us nowadays.
Harding University, 2017
This is a thorough research on Colossians 1:15-23. It includes: 1) a detailed analysis of the his... more This is a thorough research on Colossians 1:15-23. It includes: 1) a detailed analysis of the historical and cultural backgrounds of the city of Colossae and the Colossian church; 2) Linguistic aspects of the passage; 3) Implication and applications to today's church.
Harding University, 2018
The Quechuas (Ethnonyms: Kichwa, Qquichua, Quechua, Kechua) are the largest indigenous people in... more The Quechuas (Ethnonyms: Kichwa, Qquichua, Quechua, Kechua) are the largest indigenous people in South America. Distributed throughout the entire continent, the most significant populations are located in the Andes Mountains, primarily in Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador. Less populated groups are also found in Colombia, Argentina, Chile and Brazil. There is an important distinction – and many times intertwine – between the Quechua, as an ethnic group, and the speakers of the Quechua language. The number of Quechuas living in South America today is believed to be around 2,5 million, however, the speakers of the Quechua language can be as much as 10 million.
The Quechuas probably are the biological descendants of the first Andean population, but the line of descent is not direct. Several times in the history of the region, populations were moved in and out. Culturally, today’s Quechuas are the inheritors of an indigenous Andean culture that extends back at least to 8000 B.C.E. and quite likely as far as 20000 B.C.E. They see themselves as descendants of the Incas and the Quechua language was the one spoken by the ancient empire. Today, Quechua is still the most widely spoken Amerindian language in South America and, in Peru alone, over one fourth of the population speak it as their native tongue. Despite their ethnic diversity and linguistic distinctions, the various Quechua ethnic groups have numerous cultural characteristics in common with one another.
Subsisted farming is the base of the Quechua economy. They are known for their potato crops and for raising llamas and alpacas. Pottery, textiles and other handcrafts are also produced for sale at local markets. In terms of religion, they have been strongly influenced by Roman Catholicism, which was brought by the Spanish invaders in the 16th century. Nowadays, syncretism between Christianity and ancient Quechua religious practices walk hand in hand.
The Quechua are a diverse people with a rich culture but are still found at the bottom of the social strata and are very oppressed by the “whites” (full-blooded Spanish) and the mestizos (mixed-blood people).
With this research paper, our group intends to learn more about the Quechua people and also understand their history, cultural and religious practices. As we comprehend more about them, we will be able to better connect and share the good news of Jesus Christ with them.
Harding University, 2017
This is a cultural analysis of the movie The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wa... more This is a cultural analysis of the movie The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe. How did Disney adapt the book, which is profoundly based on Christianity? How was it received by the great masses?
Harding University, 2017
How should εὐαγγελίζω (euangelízō) be translated into our English Bibles? Why most Christians rea... more How should εὐαγγελίζω (euangelízō) be translated into our English Bibles? Why most Christians read the term "preach" and instantly associate it with the job of the preacher or pastor? Is only the missionary or the evangelist who are to share the good news of Jesus?
Harding University, 2017
What is Glossolalia (speaking in tongues)? Should it still be practiced in today's church?
Harding University, 2017
Most authors and researchers in various fields would agree that the transgender issue is very cha... more Most authors and researchers in various fields would agree that the transgender issue is very challenging to understand, let alone explain. This is indeed a very controversial topic and there is currently, maybe more so now than ever before, heated debate over people’s genders and their sexuality. A cultural shift – as significant as that toward African-Americans and (though not parallel) homosexuals – is predicted and it is not surprising, then, that Time magazine called transgender the next civil rights movement.
Today’s western world seems to be getting more and more permissible and liberal in terms of culture and behavior. Gay activists and transgender movements are pushing the boundaries for acceptance and normalization of their identities and sexual practices and, contrary to that, biology and religion strongly oppose them. Which side is right? Or, better put, is there a right side? The ongoing disputes over homosexuality based on scriptural interpretation are still one of the leading issues that continue to keep the LGBTQ community divided. As clergy and laypersons wrestle with each other, Christ’s message of forgiveness and love to everyone seems to be put to the side as people are being labeled as either worthy or unworthy of Him.
Harding University, 2018
The book of Hebrews is full of fascinating mysteries that have puzzled many researchers and schol... more The book of Hebrews is full of fascinating mysteries that have puzzled many researchers and scholars throughout history. It is a difficult riddle, one which many people have tried to decipher with various degrees of precision and success. We cannot know for sure who the author was, nor the exact audience, nor even the date in which it was written. Therefore, it should not come as a surprise that the literary genre and structure of Hebrews would be a case of great dispute and controversy. It is indeed a great challenge for anyone who wishes to analyze it.
With this research paper I intend to thoroughly study several options in which, literarily speaking, Hebrews has been placed into. 1) In the first section I will quickly present a historical analysis of the genre of Hebrews and show how it has been classified, from the time of the early church fathers until today. 2) In the second section I will examine the characteristics that could make Hebrews be considered an epistle. What features does it have that would qualify it as a letter? 3) The third section will focus on the linguistic and rhetorical features that support the idea that Hebrews is actually a sermon/homily. 4) Finally, in the fourth and last section I will share a few other possible genres for Hebrews. Some alternatives include: an exhortation, a speech, a midrash, and a treatise.
I humbly admit the complexity of the text and do not aim at drawing a definite and clear answer to the literary genre applied by the author. My main goal with this analysis is simply to better understand Hebrews as a whole.
Jornal NH, 1981
This is an interview given by Baron von Berg in 1981 to Jornal NH, in Novo Hamburgo (southern Bra... more This is an interview given by Baron von Berg in 1981 to Jornal NH, in Novo Hamburgo (southern Brazil). His full name was Dietrich Günther von Berg and he was a famous opera singer in Germany during WWII. He was saught after and forced by the Nazi to do propaganda for them. He ran away from Germany and helped his Jewish friends.