Fatih Deniz | Harran University (original) (raw)

Papers by Fatih Deniz

Journal of Taibah University for Science, 2024

Malachite green is a pestilential micropollutant with a wide range of uses. In this work, costeff... more Malachite green is a pestilential micropollutant with a wide range of uses. In this work, costefficient and sustainable treatment of malachite green from aqueous medium was first studied using the biosorbent material obtained from Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer plant. The biosorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model (R 2 : 0.996). The standard Gibbs free energy change parameter ranging from −8.472 kJ mol −1 to −7.357 kJ mol −1 indicated a spontaneous and feasible treatment process. The biosorption isotherm was well described by Freundlich model with an R 2 of 0.991. SEM and FTIR studies showed an irregular and uneven biosorbent surface morphology rich in active site. The biosorbent exhibited a good biosorption performance compared to its competitors, with a capacity of 117.745 mg g −1. As a result, this study indicated that P. coccinea M. J. Roemer-based biosorbent could be a promising candidate for the economical, effective, eco-friendly and sustainable treatment of malachite green micropollutant.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2024

Recently, to protect the health of aquatic life and, indirectly, all living things, biomass-based... more Recently, to protect the health of aquatic life and, indirectly, all living things, biomass-based substances have been increasingly applied as biosorbent materials to remove micropollutant agents from an aquatic environment. However, these studies are under development, and the search for more successful materials continues. Here, the biosorption of a common micropollutant, methylene blue, from an aquatic environment was investigated using the chemically activated biomass of a widely available plant species, Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer. The biosorption efficiency of the biosorbent material was improved by optimizing the experimental conditions, including the contact time, micropollutant load, pH, and biosorbent material amount, and the highest performance was observed at t = 360 mins, C0 = 15 mg L−1, pH = 8 and m = 10 mg. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Freundlich isotherm model were in good agreement with the experimentally obtained results. The thermodynamic study suggested that the micropollutant biosorption was a favorable, spontaneous, and physical process. The micropollutant-biosorbent interaction mechanism was presented using SEM and FTIR studies. The maximum Langmuir biosorption capacity of the biosorbent was determined to be 156.674 mg g−1. The activation operation more than doubled the biosorption potential of the biosorbent material. Thus, the present study showed that the chemically activated plant biomass-based material could be a promising biosorbent for the effective removal of the micropollutant from water environment.

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2023

The use of environmentally friendly biosorption method is attracting more and more attention to e... more The use of environmentally friendly biosorption method is attracting more and more attention to eliminate the possible hazards of synthetic dye pollution caused by various industrial activities to the natural environment and living things. Herein, Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer was tested for the first time to decolorize a simulated food industry wastewater by the biosorption treatment technique. FD&C Green No 3 (E143) was selected as a model food coloring agent to investigate the biosorption performance of the biosorbent. The effects of certain operating parameters on the biosorption process were explored and optimized. The kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherm studies were conducted to identify the biosorption behavior of the biosorbent. The biosorbent material was characterized by FTIR and SEM analyses before and after the dye biosorption. The best biosorption performance was observed at the pH of 9, biosorbent amount of 10 mg, contact time of 60 mins and dye load of 15 mg L-1. The pseudo-second-order and Freundlich equations were found to be the best models for describing the biosorption process behavior. Thermodynamics analysis showed that the biosorption process was of a spontaneous, feasible and physical nature. The maximum biosorption capacity of the biosorbent was obtained as 74.504 mg g-1. FTIR spectroscopic analysis showed that various active groups of the biosorbent were responsible for the dye biosorption, while SEM analysis indicated that the biosorbent had a rough and heterogeneous surface with cavities. This study indicated that the green biosorbent could be used in an ecologically and economically sustainable way for the effective treatment of synthetic dye-bearing food wastewater.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2024

The discharge of large amounts of wastewater carrying various contaminants from many anthropogeni... more The discharge of large amounts of wastewater carrying various contaminants from many anthropogenic activities into the receiving water environment is a multidimensional issue negatively affecting the ecological system and natural balance in many ways. The removal of pollutants by the biologically-originated materials is an emerging area of interest due to profoundly their environmental friendliness, renewability, sustainability, readily availability, biodegradability, multiplicity, low (or no) economic cost, high affinity, capacity, and stability. In the present study, a popular ornamental plant, Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer, was converted into a green sorbent material with the goal to effectively remove a widespread contaminant (synthetic dye, C. I. Basic Red 46) from synthetic wastewater. The physicochemical characteristics of the prepared biosorbent were determined by the instrumental analyses of FTIR and SEM. The batch experiments of various operational influence parameters were conducted to maximize the system efficiency. The wastewater remediation behavior by the material was investigated by the kinetics, thermodynamics, and isotherm experiments. The biosorbent had a non-uniform and rough surface architecture with a diversity of functional groups. The maximum remediation yield was achieved with the contact duration of 360 min, the pollutant load of 30 mg L À1 , the pH of 8, and the biosorbent quantity of 10 mg (0.1 g L À1). The kinetics of the contaminant removal showed good agreement with the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamics study indicated that the treatment process was spontaneous and occurred by physisorption. Langmuir model fitted the isotherm data of the biosorption operation well and the maximum pollutant cleanup capacity of the material was determined to be 169.354 mg g À1. These outcomes showed that P. coccinea M. J. Roemer could be used as a promising material for low-cost and green treatment of wastewater. NOVELTY STATEMENT In the current study, Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer was converted into a novel alternative sorbent material that is low-cost and green with the goal to effectively remove C. I. Basic Red 46, a widespread synthetic dye contaminant, from wastewater. The results indicated that P. coccinea M. J. Roemer could be used as an efficient biosorbent material for the green remediation of contaminated water medium.

Journal of Taibah University for Science, 2023

Metal pollution today has reached the level of a great threat to humans and their environment. A ... more Metal pollution today has reached the level of a great threat to humans and their environment. A novel green solution was presented for metal pollution in aquatic environment using Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer in the current study. Due to its widespread industrial use, manganese pollution in water environment has become a serious issue in recent years, and for this reason, it was used as a model metal to determine the treatment potential of P. coccinea M. J. Roemer. The results showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model agreed well with the experimental data, and the biosorption process had a physical, spontaneous and favourable nature. The maximum metal biosorption capacity was determined to be 59.867 mg g −1. This study showed that P. coccinea M. J. Roemer could present an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, effectual solution for the metal issue in aquatic environment.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2023

In this work, the performance of residual biomass of Nigella sativa L. plant from the process of ... more In this work, the performance of residual biomass of Nigella sativa L. plant from the process of bio-oil production toward the green removal of synthetic dye pollution from aquatic medium was systematically studied for the first time based on the circular economy strategy. The characterization of material was performed using Electron Microscope of Scanning and Infrared Spectrometer of Fourier Transform. The main process variables like pH, biosorbent amount, synthetic dye loading, and contact duration were optimized by the batch biosorption experiments to achieve the maximum remediation yield. The analyses of kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics were conducted to understand the possible mechanism of purification. The experimental dynamics and equilibrium data were in better agreement with the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models. For the targeted model synthetic dye compound (C. I. Basic Red 46), the biosorption capacity was obtained as 136.2mg g1 at the optimized conditions of pH of 8, biosorbent amount of 10mg (100mg L1), synthetic dye loading of 30mg L1, and duration of 360min. The treatment process was favorable, spontaneous, and physical. The characterization operation showed that the dye molecules were restrained on the rough surface of biosorbent. This study reveals that the reuse of herbal oil refinery residue as a biosorbent can present an economic, efficient, and eco-friendly option for the remediation of synthetic dye pollution in aqueous medium.

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2023

In the present work, a novel multifunctional biosorbent material with antimicrobial and antioxida... more In the present work, a novel multifunctional biosorbent material with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, prepared from the waste biomass left over from the fixed oil biorefinery process of Nigella sativa L. herb, was used to remove a hazardous synthetic dye of triarylmethane type (malachite green), which is widely used in various fields for different purposes, from water environment. The main variables of purification process like pH, biosorbent amount, time, and synthetic dye concentration were optimized by the batch-type biosorption experiments. The characteristics of purification process were displayed by the characterization, equilibrium, thermodynamics, and kinetics studies. The material of biosorbent possessed a non-uniform surface morphology including many cavities and protuberances, and a rich profile of functional group. The optimum process variables were determined to be pH of 4, biosorbent amount of 10 mg, time of 360 min, and synthetic dye concentration of 15 mg L −1. The experimental biosorption data followed the models of Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm and Elovich kinetics based on the statistical tests results. The biosorption process was a spontaneous, favorable, and physical (ΔG°: (− 6.51)-(− 5.07) kJ mol −1 and E DR : 0.43 kJ mol −1). The biosorbent exhibited higher biosorption performance (81.71 mg g −1) than many other sorbent materials reported for malachite green. All these results indicated that for the treatment of water environment, the waste biomass could be used as an effective biosorbent besides its use as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2022

The biowaste left over from the fixed oil biorefinery process of Nigella sativa L. plant was used... more The biowaste left over from the fixed oil biorefinery process of Nigella sativa L. plant was used as a new biosorbent for the biosorption of synthetic dye of methylene blue from water environment in this study. The main variables of biosorption operation such as methylene blue concentration, time, pH, and biosorbent amount were optimized by the batch-type experiments. The characterization, kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics works were conducted to show the nature of methylene blue biosorption. The studies of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the biosorbent possessed an inhomogeneous surface morphology including many cavities and protuberances, and a rich functional group profile. The optimum values of operating variables studied for the biosorption of methylene blue were determined as methylene blue concentration of 15 mg L−1, time of 360 min, pH of 8, and biosorbent amount of 10 mg. The experimental data of methylene blue biosorption followed the kinetics and isotherm models of pseudo-second-order (R2: 0.98, AdjR2: 0.98, and RMSE: 8.97) and Dubinin-Radushkevich (R2: 0.99, AdjR2: 0.98, and RMSE: 6.84), respectively, based on the statistical tests of coefficient of determination (R2), adjusted coefficient of determination (AdjR2), and root mean squared error (RMSE). The biosorption of methylene blue was a physical, spontaneous, and energetically favorable process (EDR: 3.48 kJ mol−1 and ΔG°: (−14.51) − (−10.02) kJ mol−1). This residual biological material from the fixed oil biorefinery process exhibited higher biosorption performance (187.46 mg g−1) than own unrefined (virgin) form and its modified, activated, and composite forms and many other sorbents reported in the literature. Hereby, the current work showed that this novel biowaste-based material could be used as an environmentally and economically promising biosorbent to effectively purify methylene blue from aquatic environment.

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2023

The biosorption potential of biowaste leftover from the fixed oil biorefinery process of Nigella ... more The biosorption potential of biowaste leftover from the fixed oil biorefinery process of Nigella sativa L. for the production of biofuel was first explored on the basis of concepts of bioeconomy and zero-waste to clean the impurity of synthetic dye from water environment in the current study. A triarylmethane-type synthetic dye called FD&C Green No 3 (E143, C.I. 42,053) as model compound was used to investigate the biosorption performance of biorefinery waste-based novel biosorbent. The main process parameters (biowaste amount (m), pH, FD&C Green No 3 concentration (C i), and biosorption time (t)) optimization, kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics batch-type experiments were done to clarify the nature of synthetic dye biosorption operation. The characterization and comparison studies were also made for the green waste as a biosorbent material. The optimum values of biosorption process variables studied were found to be C i of 15 mg L −1 , t of 360 min, m of 10 mg, and pH of 3. Referring to the results of statistical tests of coefficient of determination (R 2), adjusted coefficient of determination (AdjR 2), and root mean squared error (RMSE), it was seen that the experimental data of biosorption followed

Environmental Technology & Innovation, 2022

Nigella sativa L. biorefinery waste biomass with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties was use... more Nigella sativa L. biorefinery waste biomass with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties was used as a novel biosorbent material for the green treatment of heavy metal pollution from water environment in this work. Manganese, one of the most widely used heavy metals, was used as a model to test the biosorption behavior of novel biosorbent. The main variables of biosorption operation such as pH, biosorbent amount (m), heavy metal concentration (C i), and time (t) were optimized by the batch-type test system. The typical features of process of heavy metal biosorption were displayed by the characterization, kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics studies. The characterization studies indicated that the biosorbent material possessed a heterogeneous surface morphology including many protuberances and cavities, and a rich profile of functional group. pH of 6, m of 10 mg, C i of 30 mg L −1 , and t of 120 min were determined to be the optimum variables values of biosorption process. The experimental data of heavy metal biosorption followed the kinetics model of Elovich and the isotherm model of Freundlich. The biosorption of heavy metal from aquatic medium was a spontaneous, favorable, and physical operation (∆G • :-7.27-3.55 kJ mol −1 and E DR : 0.90 kJ mol −1). The biosorbent material exhibited higher heavy metal biosorption performance (91.53 mg g −1) than many other sorbent materials reported in the literature. Thus, the current study showed that the biorefinery waste biomass of N. sativa L. could be used as an effective biosorbent for the biosorption of heavy metal from water environment, in addition to its use as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent for multidirectional treatment of aquatic medium.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2021

The present paper aimed to perform an environmentally friendly and effective study on the purific... more The present paper aimed to perform an environmentally friendly and effective study on the purification of biocidal material using bioremediation technique, and in this context, a natural widespread coastal biowaste (Zostera marina) was applied to remove a model biocide from aqueous system. Herein, malachite green was selected as a common agent to evaluate the biosorption efficiency of waste biomaterial. The bioremediation properties of biosorbent were studied in a controlled batch experiment system by the optimization practice of operating parameters like biosorbent quantity, medium pH, time, pollutant concentration and temperature, and kinetic, thermodynamic, equilibrium, and characterization operations. The optimum operating conditions were considered as 10 mg, 4, 6 h, 15 mg L À1 , and 25 C, respectively. Elovich and Langmuir were found to be the best-fitted models, describing the experimental biosorption data. Thermodynamic study revealed a favorable nature of the cleanup process. The characterization analysis indicated the presence of various functional groups on the layered biosorbent surface involved on the pollutant treatment. The untreated biosorbent showed a good biocide purification performance with a value of 97.584 mg g À1 , and it could thus be employed as an eco-friendly and cost-effective cleaning agent in environmental bioremediation studies.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2021

In this study, a novel biosorbent material was created from the waste product of Zostera marina w... more In this study, a novel biosorbent material was created from the waste product of Zostera marina with the surfactant modification (Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) and tried as a potential alternative to commercial (powdered) activated carbon for the treatment of synthetic dye (Fast green FCF, triarylmethane (anionic) type) pollution in aquatic environment. The treatment capability of biosorbent material was evaluated by the parameter optimization, kinetic, thermodynamic, equilibrium and characterization experiments. The optimum treatment conditions were found to be pH of 3, biosorbent amount of 10mg, synthetic dye concentration of 15mg L�1, temperature of 45 �C and operation time of 360 min. It was determined that Elovich model was the most suitable model among the models used to define the biosorption kinetic data. The synthetic dye treatment process was endothermic and spontaneous. Freundlich model best explained the biosorption isotherm data. The biosorbent has very heterogeneous surface with the different functional groups. The treatment capabilities of prepared biosorbent and activated carbon under the same operating conditions were calculated to be 163.075 and 110.635mg g�1, respectively. Hereby, these experimental findings show that the synthesized eco-friendly and low-cost biosorbent can be a powerful alternative to commercial activated carbon for the purification of synthetic dye pollution in water environment.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2021

In this study, a renewable biosorbent material was prepared from biological waste of widespread c... more In this study, a renewable biosorbent material was prepared from biological waste of widespread coastal plant, Zostera marina and employed for the biosorption of heavy metal pollution from water environment in green way. Manganese was selected as a model heavy metal to evaluate the treatment efficiency of prepared biosorbent. The batch biosorption behavior of biosorbent was investigated by the characterization, parameters evaluation, kinetic and equilibrium studies. The characterization study showed that the biosorbent has a rough surface and various binding groups for the heavy metal ions. The heavy metal concentration of 30 mg L⁻¹, time of 60 min, pH of 6 and biosorbent amount of 10 mg were determined as the optimum biosorption conditions. The pseudo-second-order equation was found to be the best among kinetic models applied. The equilibrium data were best explained by Freundlich isotherm. The maximum biosorption efficiency based on Langmuir model was predicted as 58.426 mg g⁻¹. Hence, the current work presents a renewable alternative biosorbent substance for the green treatment of heavy metal pollution from water medium.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2021

Within the scope of sustainable environmental remediation approach, a biosorbent prepared from th... more Within the scope of sustainable environmental remediation approach, a biosorbent prepared from the waste of Zostera marina coastal plant with chemical activation was used to effectively remove malachite green as a common biocidal agent from water environment in this work. The biocide treatment ability of activated biosorbent was interpreted through the characterization, optimization, equilibrium, thermodynamic, and kinetic studies. The characterization research showed that the biosorbent has an uneven surface and various active groups for the retention of biocide molecules. Langmuir isotherm was found to be the most appropriate model for the experimental equilibrium data. The maximum monolayer biosorption capacity was obtained as 103.834mg g
1 under the optimum conditions (time of 6 h, pH of 4, temperature of 25 C, biosorbent amount of 10 mg, and biocide concentration of 15mg L
1). The biosorption system was determined to be spontaneous and exothermic in thermodynamic aspect. The experimental kinetic data were best described by the pseudo-second-order model. All these results indicated that the activated biological residue could be used as an environmentally friendly and effective biosorbent for the biocide removal from water environment in a sustainable way.

Eskisehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology C- Life Sciences and Biotechnology/Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi C- Yaşam Bilimleri ve Biyoteknoloji, 2020

Zostera marina L. is the most extensive seagrass species in coastal areas of the northern hemisph... more Zostera marina L. is the most extensive seagrass species in coastal areas of the northern hemisphere. Z. marina L. meadows provide important contributions to many economic and ecological functions. On the other hand, leafy residues originating from these meadows largely accumulate along coastline and cause aesthetic, socioeconomic, hygienic and environmental problems. In this study, these waste biomaterials were chemically modified and used for the first time in the treatment of textile industry wastewaters in the context of green generation treatment applications. Basic red 46 was used as a typical model textile dye in order to simulate colored textile industry wastewater. The treatment properties of biosorbent was investigated by the isotherm, kinetic and characterization studies. The treatment process was significantly influenced by the environmental conditions and the optimum conditions for the dye treatment were obtained as the amount of biosorbent, 10 mg, contact time, 40 min, pH, 8 and dye concentration, 30 mg L-1. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the best fit to the experimental data while the equilibrium data were best described by Freundlich isotherm. The maximum monolayer dye removal potential of biosorbent was found to be 142.191 mg g-1 according to Langmuir model. The obtained results revealed a promising green generation treatment application for textile industry wastewaters.

Zostera marina L., kuzey yarım kürenin kıyı bölgelerinde bulunan en yaygın deniz çayırı türüdür. Z. marina L. çayırlık alanları, birçok ekonomik ve ekolojik fonksiyonlara önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. Diğer taraftan, bu çayırlık alanlardan kaynaklanan yapraksı atıklar, kıyı şeridi boyunca büyük miktarlarda birikerek, estetik, sosyoekonomik, hijyenik ve çevresel problemlere neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bu atık biyomateryaller, kimyasal olarak modifiye edilmiş ve yeşil nesil arıtım uygulamaları bağlamında tekstil endüstrisi atıksularının arıtılmasına yönelik olarak ilk kez kullanılmıştır. Bazik kırmızı 46, renkli tekstil endüstrisi atıksuyunu simüle etmek için tipik bir model tekstil boyası olarak kullanılmıştır. Biyosorbentin arıtım özellikleri, izoterm, kinetik ve karakterizasyon çalışmaları ile incelenmiştir. Arıtma işlemi, çevresel koşullardan önemli ölçüde etkilenmiştir ve boya arıtımı için en uygun koşullar, biyosorbent miktarı, 10 mg, temas süresi, 40 dakika, pH, 8 ve boya konsantrasyonu, 30 mg L-1 olarak elde edilmiştir. Yalancı ikinci mertebe kinetik modeli, deneysel verilere en iyi uyumu sağlarken, denge verileri, en iyi Freundlich izotermi ile tanımlanmıştır. Langmuir modeline göre biyosorbentin maksimum tek tabaka boya giderim potansiyeli, 142,191 mg g-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar, tekstil endüstrisi atık sularına yönelik gelecek vaat eden yeşil nesil bir arıtım uygulamasını ortaya koymuştur.

BioMed Research International, 2020

In the present research paper, a biosorptive remediation practice for an aqueous medium sample po... more In the present research paper, a biosorptive remediation practice for an aqueous medium sample polluted with manganese ions was implemented using the activated coastal waste of the Zostera marina plant. This is the first report in the literature on the utilization of current modified biological waste as a biosorbent substance for the removal of manganese ions from the water environment. The analyses of biosorbent characterization, environmental condition, kinetic, equilibrium, and comparison were performed to introduce the ability of prepared biosorbent for the removal of manganese from the aquatic medium. The biosorbent matter has a rough surface with numerous cavities and cracks and various functional groups for the biosorption of manganese. The environmental conditions significantly affected the manganese purification process, and the optimum working conditions were determined to be biosorbent quantity of 10 mg, pH of 6, manganese concentration of 30 mg L-1 , and time of 60 min. The pseudo-second-order model best explained the kinetic data of biosorption operation. The biosorption equilibrium data were best described by the Freundlich isotherm. According to the Langmuir equilibrium model, the maximum purification potency was estimated to be 120.6 mg g-1. The comparison work revealed that the activated coastal waste of the Z. marina plant could be utilized as an effectual and promising biosorbent substance for the remediation of an aquatic environment contaminated with manganese ions.

Eskisehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology C- Life Sciences and Biotechnology/Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi C- Yaşam Bilimleri ve Biyoteknoloji, 2020

In this study, the biosorption of a model synthetic azo dye (basic red 46) from aquatic medium by... more In this study, the biosorption of a model synthetic azo dye (basic red 46) from aquatic medium by the residual biomass of Zostera marina L. was first investigated. The experimental data revealed that the removal of dye significantly depended on pH, quantity of biosorbent, dye concentration and contact time. The optimal biosorption conditions were determined as pH of 8, biosorbent dosage of 10 mg, dye concentration of 30 mg L-1 and contact time of 360 min. The biosorption kinetic data were analyzed using the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intra-particle diffusion models. Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich models were used to model the experimental isotherm data. The results of modeling studies showed that Elovich and Freundlich models provided the best conformity to the biosorption kinetic and isotherm data. The maximum dye biosorption capacity of biosorbent based on Langmuir equilibrium model was predicted as 160.882 mg g-1. Thermodynamic studies were performed to clarify the nature of biosorption process and the obtained results revealed that this biosorption system has a spontaneous and physical nature (ΔG° =-8.604-5.926 kJ mol-1). All obtained findings showed that this natural bio-waste could be effectively employed as a low-cost biosorbent material for the removal of such pollutant agents from water medium.

Bu çalışmada, Zostera marina L. atık biyoması ile sucul ortamdan model bir sentetik azo boyanın (basic red 46) biyosorpsiyonu ilk kez araştırılmıştır. Deneysel veriler, boya gideriminin önemli bir şekilde pH, biyosorbent miktarı, boya konsantrasyonu ve temas süresine bağlı olduğunu göstermiştir. Optimal biyosorpsiyon koşulları, pH 8, 10 mg biyosorbent dozajı, 30 mg L-1 boya konsantrasyonu ve 360 dakika temas süresi olarak belirlenmiştir. Biyosorpsiyon kinetik verileri, yalancı birinci mertebe, yalancı ikinci mertebe, Elovich ve parçacık içi difüzyon modelleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Freundlich, Langmuir ve Dubinin-Radushkevich modelleri, deneysel izoterm verilerini modellemek için kullanılmıştır. Modelleme çalışmaları sonuçları, Elovich ve Freundlich modellerinin, biyosorpsiyon kinetik ve izoterm verilerine en iyi uyumu sağladığını göstermiştir. Langmuir denge modeline bağlı olarak biyosorbentin maksimum boya biyosorpsiyon kapasitesi, 160,882 mg g-1 olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Termodinamik çalışmalar, biyosorpsiyon prosesinin doğasını ortaya koymak için yapılmıştır ve elde edilen sonuçlar, biyosorpsiyon sisteminin, spontan ve fiziksel bir doğaya sahip olduğuna işaret etmiştir (ΔG° =-8,604-5,926 kJ mol-1). Elde edilen tüm bulgular, bu doğal biyolojik atığın, su ortamından böyle kirletici ajanların uzaklaştırılması için uygun maliyetli bir biyosorbent materyali olarak etkili bir şekilde kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

KSU Natural Sciences, 2014

The regeneration and reuse of biosorbent is quite important in order to make the biosorption proc... more The regeneration and reuse of biosorbent is quite important in order to make the biosorption process more economical. Desorption studies were performed for elucidating the mechanism of biosorption case, recovery of biosorbent and reuse of biosorbent at biosorption process. Selection of an appropriate eluent is crucial for successful regeneration. A successful desorption process requires the selection of a proper desorbent, which depends on the type of biosorbent and the mechanism of biosorption. The selected desorbents should be effective, cheap and harmless. In this study, dilute (0.1 M) HCl and NaOH solutions were employed for desorption of Basic Red 46 and Acid Yellow 220 dyes biosorbed by the cone and leaf biosorbents of red pine from the biosorbent surfaces. In order to evaluate the reuse potential of biosorbents at the dye biosorption, consecutive biosorption/desorption cycles were repeated three times with the same biosorbent. The minimum dye desorption from the cone and leaf biosorbents for Basic Red 46 by using 0.1 M HCl was defined as %90.88 and %95.99, respectively. For Acid Yellow 220, the minimum dye desorption from the cone and leaf biosorbents by employing 0.1 M NaOH was found as %88.37 and %86.79, respectively. The results displayed that these biosorbents as economically could be repeatedly used in the dye biosorption studies.

Biyosorbent rejenerasyonu ve tekrar kullanımı, biyosorpsiyon prosesini daha ekonomik hale getirmek için oldukça önemlidir. Desorpsiyon çalışmaları, biyosorpsiyon olayının mekanizmasının ortaya konulması, biyosorbentin geri kazanımı ve tekrar biyosorpsiyon prosesinde kullanımı için yapılmaktadır. Başarılı bir desorpsiyon işlemi, biyosorbentin çeşidine ve biyosorpsiyon mekanizmasına göre değişen uygun bir desorbent seçimini gerektirmektedir. Seçilen desorbentler etkili, ucuz ve zararsız olmalıdır. Bu çalışmada, kızılçam kozalak ve yaprak biyosorbentleri tarafından biyosorplanan Basic Red 46 ve Acid Yellow 220 boyalarının biyosorbent yüzeylerinden desorpsiyonu için seyreltik (0,1 M) HCl ve NaOH çözeltileri kullanılmıştır. Biyosorbentlerin boya biyosorpsiyonunda yeniden kullanım potansiyellerini değerlendirmek için ardışık biyosorpsiyon/desorpsiyon döngüsü aynı biyosorbentle üç kez tekrarlanmıştır. 0,1 M HCl kullanımı ile Basic Red 46 boyasının kozalak ve yaprak biyosorbentlerinden en düşük boya desorpsiyonu sırası ile %90,88 ve %95,99 olarak belirlenmiştir. 0,1 M NaOH kullanımı ile Acid Yellow 220 boyası için kozalak ve yaprak biyosorbentlerinden en düşük boya desorpsiyonu sırası ile %88,37 ve %86,79 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, bu biyosorbentlerin ekonomik bir şekilde boya biyosorpsiyon çalışmalarında tekrar tekrar kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2020

A novel biosorbent was prepared by the surface modification of Zostera marina L. bioresidues and ... more A novel biosorbent was prepared by the surface modification of Zostera marina L. bioresidues and used for the removal of model synthetic dye, methylene blue from aqueous medium in this study. Taguchi design of experiment (DoE) methodology was employed to investigate the influence of significant operational parameters (reaction time, pH of medium and dye concentration) on the biosorption process and to develop a mathematical model for the estimation of biosorption potential of biosorbent. The percentage contribution of each of these process variables on the dye biosorption was found to be 9.03%, 1.95% and 88.84%, respectively. The dye biosorption capacity under the obtained optimum environmental conditions (reaction time of 120 min, pH of 8 and dye concentration of 15 mg L−1) was estimated to be 140.154 mg g−1 (R2: 99.83). This value was very close to the experimentally obtained dye removal performance value (140.299 mg g−1). These findings indicated the high ability of Taguchi DoE technique in the optimization and simulation of dye biosorption system. The kinetic and equilibrium modeling studies showed that the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models were the best models for the elucidation of dye removal behavior of biosorbent. Besides, the performance of dye decontamination system was evaluated using the pseudo-second-order kinetic parameters. The thermodynamic analyses displayed that the dye biosorption was a feasible, spontaneous and exothermic process. For large scale dye purification applications, a single-stage batch biosorption system was also designed using the mathematical modeling data. All these results revealed that Z. marina L. bioresidues could be used as a promising alternative biosorbent material for the effective and eco-friendly dye biosorption systems.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2019

Biosorption technology has been acknowledged as one of the most successful treatment approaches f... more Biosorption technology has been acknowledged as one of the most successful treatment approaches for colored industrial effluents. The problems such as its high manufacturing cost and poor regeneration capability in the use of activated carbon as a biosorbent have prompted the environmental scientists to develop alternative biosorbent materials. In this context, as a sustainable green generation alternative biosorbent source, the discarded seed biomass from pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) processing industry was explored for the biotreatment of colored aqueous effluents in this study. To test the wastewater cleaning ability of biosorbent, Basic red 46 was selected as a typical model synthetic dye. Taguchi DoE methodology was employed to study the effect of important operational parameters, contact time, pH and synthetic dye concentration, on the biosorption process and to develop a mathematical model for the estimation of biosorption potential of biosorbent. The percentage contribution of each of these process variables on the dye biosorption was found to be 19.31%, 41.39%, and 38.74%, respectively. The biosorption capacity under the optimum environmental conditions, contact time of 360 min, pH of 8 and dye concentration of 30mg L
1, was estimated to be 92.878mg g
1 (R2: 99.45). This value was very close to the experimentally obtained dye removal performance value (92.095mg g
1). These findings indicated the high ability of Taguchi DoE technique in the optimization and simulation of dye biosorption system. The kinetic and equilibrium modeling studies showed that the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models were the best models for the elucidation of dye removal behavior of biosorbent. The thermodynamic studies displayed that the dye biosorption was a feasible, spontaneous and exothermic process. This parametric and phenomenological survey revealed that the discarded pepper seed biomass can be introduced as a potential and efficient biosorbent for the bioremediation of colored industrial effluents.

Journal of Taibah University for Science, 2024

Malachite green is a pestilential micropollutant with a wide range of uses. In this work, costeff... more Malachite green is a pestilential micropollutant with a wide range of uses. In this work, costefficient and sustainable treatment of malachite green from aqueous medium was first studied using the biosorbent material obtained from Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer plant. The biosorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model (R 2 : 0.996). The standard Gibbs free energy change parameter ranging from −8.472 kJ mol −1 to −7.357 kJ mol −1 indicated a spontaneous and feasible treatment process. The biosorption isotherm was well described by Freundlich model with an R 2 of 0.991. SEM and FTIR studies showed an irregular and uneven biosorbent surface morphology rich in active site. The biosorbent exhibited a good biosorption performance compared to its competitors, with a capacity of 117.745 mg g −1. As a result, this study indicated that P. coccinea M. J. Roemer-based biosorbent could be a promising candidate for the economical, effective, eco-friendly and sustainable treatment of malachite green micropollutant.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2024

Recently, to protect the health of aquatic life and, indirectly, all living things, biomass-based... more Recently, to protect the health of aquatic life and, indirectly, all living things, biomass-based substances have been increasingly applied as biosorbent materials to remove micropollutant agents from an aquatic environment. However, these studies are under development, and the search for more successful materials continues. Here, the biosorption of a common micropollutant, methylene blue, from an aquatic environment was investigated using the chemically activated biomass of a widely available plant species, Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer. The biosorption efficiency of the biosorbent material was improved by optimizing the experimental conditions, including the contact time, micropollutant load, pH, and biosorbent material amount, and the highest performance was observed at t = 360 mins, C0 = 15 mg L−1, pH = 8 and m = 10 mg. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Freundlich isotherm model were in good agreement with the experimentally obtained results. The thermodynamic study suggested that the micropollutant biosorption was a favorable, spontaneous, and physical process. The micropollutant-biosorbent interaction mechanism was presented using SEM and FTIR studies. The maximum Langmuir biosorption capacity of the biosorbent was determined to be 156.674 mg g−1. The activation operation more than doubled the biosorption potential of the biosorbent material. Thus, the present study showed that the chemically activated plant biomass-based material could be a promising biosorbent for the effective removal of the micropollutant from water environment.

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2023

The use of environmentally friendly biosorption method is attracting more and more attention to e... more The use of environmentally friendly biosorption method is attracting more and more attention to eliminate the possible hazards of synthetic dye pollution caused by various industrial activities to the natural environment and living things. Herein, Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer was tested for the first time to decolorize a simulated food industry wastewater by the biosorption treatment technique. FD&C Green No 3 (E143) was selected as a model food coloring agent to investigate the biosorption performance of the biosorbent. The effects of certain operating parameters on the biosorption process were explored and optimized. The kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherm studies were conducted to identify the biosorption behavior of the biosorbent. The biosorbent material was characterized by FTIR and SEM analyses before and after the dye biosorption. The best biosorption performance was observed at the pH of 9, biosorbent amount of 10 mg, contact time of 60 mins and dye load of 15 mg L-1. The pseudo-second-order and Freundlich equations were found to be the best models for describing the biosorption process behavior. Thermodynamics analysis showed that the biosorption process was of a spontaneous, feasible and physical nature. The maximum biosorption capacity of the biosorbent was obtained as 74.504 mg g-1. FTIR spectroscopic analysis showed that various active groups of the biosorbent were responsible for the dye biosorption, while SEM analysis indicated that the biosorbent had a rough and heterogeneous surface with cavities. This study indicated that the green biosorbent could be used in an ecologically and economically sustainable way for the effective treatment of synthetic dye-bearing food wastewater.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2024

The discharge of large amounts of wastewater carrying various contaminants from many anthropogeni... more The discharge of large amounts of wastewater carrying various contaminants from many anthropogenic activities into the receiving water environment is a multidimensional issue negatively affecting the ecological system and natural balance in many ways. The removal of pollutants by the biologically-originated materials is an emerging area of interest due to profoundly their environmental friendliness, renewability, sustainability, readily availability, biodegradability, multiplicity, low (or no) economic cost, high affinity, capacity, and stability. In the present study, a popular ornamental plant, Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer, was converted into a green sorbent material with the goal to effectively remove a widespread contaminant (synthetic dye, C. I. Basic Red 46) from synthetic wastewater. The physicochemical characteristics of the prepared biosorbent were determined by the instrumental analyses of FTIR and SEM. The batch experiments of various operational influence parameters were conducted to maximize the system efficiency. The wastewater remediation behavior by the material was investigated by the kinetics, thermodynamics, and isotherm experiments. The biosorbent had a non-uniform and rough surface architecture with a diversity of functional groups. The maximum remediation yield was achieved with the contact duration of 360 min, the pollutant load of 30 mg L À1 , the pH of 8, and the biosorbent quantity of 10 mg (0.1 g L À1). The kinetics of the contaminant removal showed good agreement with the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamics study indicated that the treatment process was spontaneous and occurred by physisorption. Langmuir model fitted the isotherm data of the biosorption operation well and the maximum pollutant cleanup capacity of the material was determined to be 169.354 mg g À1. These outcomes showed that P. coccinea M. J. Roemer could be used as a promising material for low-cost and green treatment of wastewater. NOVELTY STATEMENT In the current study, Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer was converted into a novel alternative sorbent material that is low-cost and green with the goal to effectively remove C. I. Basic Red 46, a widespread synthetic dye contaminant, from wastewater. The results indicated that P. coccinea M. J. Roemer could be used as an efficient biosorbent material for the green remediation of contaminated water medium.

Journal of Taibah University for Science, 2023

Metal pollution today has reached the level of a great threat to humans and their environment. A ... more Metal pollution today has reached the level of a great threat to humans and their environment. A novel green solution was presented for metal pollution in aquatic environment using Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer in the current study. Due to its widespread industrial use, manganese pollution in water environment has become a serious issue in recent years, and for this reason, it was used as a model metal to determine the treatment potential of P. coccinea M. J. Roemer. The results showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model agreed well with the experimental data, and the biosorption process had a physical, spontaneous and favourable nature. The maximum metal biosorption capacity was determined to be 59.867 mg g −1. This study showed that P. coccinea M. J. Roemer could present an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, effectual solution for the metal issue in aquatic environment.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2023

In this work, the performance of residual biomass of Nigella sativa L. plant from the process of ... more In this work, the performance of residual biomass of Nigella sativa L. plant from the process of bio-oil production toward the green removal of synthetic dye pollution from aquatic medium was systematically studied for the first time based on the circular economy strategy. The characterization of material was performed using Electron Microscope of Scanning and Infrared Spectrometer of Fourier Transform. The main process variables like pH, biosorbent amount, synthetic dye loading, and contact duration were optimized by the batch biosorption experiments to achieve the maximum remediation yield. The analyses of kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics were conducted to understand the possible mechanism of purification. The experimental dynamics and equilibrium data were in better agreement with the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models. For the targeted model synthetic dye compound (C. I. Basic Red 46), the biosorption capacity was obtained as 136.2mg g1 at the optimized conditions of pH of 8, biosorbent amount of 10mg (100mg L1), synthetic dye loading of 30mg L1, and duration of 360min. The treatment process was favorable, spontaneous, and physical. The characterization operation showed that the dye molecules were restrained on the rough surface of biosorbent. This study reveals that the reuse of herbal oil refinery residue as a biosorbent can present an economic, efficient, and eco-friendly option for the remediation of synthetic dye pollution in aqueous medium.

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2023

In the present work, a novel multifunctional biosorbent material with antimicrobial and antioxida... more In the present work, a novel multifunctional biosorbent material with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, prepared from the waste biomass left over from the fixed oil biorefinery process of Nigella sativa L. herb, was used to remove a hazardous synthetic dye of triarylmethane type (malachite green), which is widely used in various fields for different purposes, from water environment. The main variables of purification process like pH, biosorbent amount, time, and synthetic dye concentration were optimized by the batch-type biosorption experiments. The characteristics of purification process were displayed by the characterization, equilibrium, thermodynamics, and kinetics studies. The material of biosorbent possessed a non-uniform surface morphology including many cavities and protuberances, and a rich profile of functional group. The optimum process variables were determined to be pH of 4, biosorbent amount of 10 mg, time of 360 min, and synthetic dye concentration of 15 mg L −1. The experimental biosorption data followed the models of Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm and Elovich kinetics based on the statistical tests results. The biosorption process was a spontaneous, favorable, and physical (ΔG°: (− 6.51)-(− 5.07) kJ mol −1 and E DR : 0.43 kJ mol −1). The biosorbent exhibited higher biosorption performance (81.71 mg g −1) than many other sorbent materials reported for malachite green. All these results indicated that for the treatment of water environment, the waste biomass could be used as an effective biosorbent besides its use as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2022

The biowaste left over from the fixed oil biorefinery process of Nigella sativa L. plant was used... more The biowaste left over from the fixed oil biorefinery process of Nigella sativa L. plant was used as a new biosorbent for the biosorption of synthetic dye of methylene blue from water environment in this study. The main variables of biosorption operation such as methylene blue concentration, time, pH, and biosorbent amount were optimized by the batch-type experiments. The characterization, kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics works were conducted to show the nature of methylene blue biosorption. The studies of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the biosorbent possessed an inhomogeneous surface morphology including many cavities and protuberances, and a rich functional group profile. The optimum values of operating variables studied for the biosorption of methylene blue were determined as methylene blue concentration of 15 mg L−1, time of 360 min, pH of 8, and biosorbent amount of 10 mg. The experimental data of methylene blue biosorption followed the kinetics and isotherm models of pseudo-second-order (R2: 0.98, AdjR2: 0.98, and RMSE: 8.97) and Dubinin-Radushkevich (R2: 0.99, AdjR2: 0.98, and RMSE: 6.84), respectively, based on the statistical tests of coefficient of determination (R2), adjusted coefficient of determination (AdjR2), and root mean squared error (RMSE). The biosorption of methylene blue was a physical, spontaneous, and energetically favorable process (EDR: 3.48 kJ mol−1 and ΔG°: (−14.51) − (−10.02) kJ mol−1). This residual biological material from the fixed oil biorefinery process exhibited higher biosorption performance (187.46 mg g−1) than own unrefined (virgin) form and its modified, activated, and composite forms and many other sorbents reported in the literature. Hereby, the current work showed that this novel biowaste-based material could be used as an environmentally and economically promising biosorbent to effectively purify methylene blue from aquatic environment.

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2023

The biosorption potential of biowaste leftover from the fixed oil biorefinery process of Nigella ... more The biosorption potential of biowaste leftover from the fixed oil biorefinery process of Nigella sativa L. for the production of biofuel was first explored on the basis of concepts of bioeconomy and zero-waste to clean the impurity of synthetic dye from water environment in the current study. A triarylmethane-type synthetic dye called FD&C Green No 3 (E143, C.I. 42,053) as model compound was used to investigate the biosorption performance of biorefinery waste-based novel biosorbent. The main process parameters (biowaste amount (m), pH, FD&C Green No 3 concentration (C i), and biosorption time (t)) optimization, kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics batch-type experiments were done to clarify the nature of synthetic dye biosorption operation. The characterization and comparison studies were also made for the green waste as a biosorbent material. The optimum values of biosorption process variables studied were found to be C i of 15 mg L −1 , t of 360 min, m of 10 mg, and pH of 3. Referring to the results of statistical tests of coefficient of determination (R 2), adjusted coefficient of determination (AdjR 2), and root mean squared error (RMSE), it was seen that the experimental data of biosorption followed

Environmental Technology & Innovation, 2022

Nigella sativa L. biorefinery waste biomass with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties was use... more Nigella sativa L. biorefinery waste biomass with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties was used as a novel biosorbent material for the green treatment of heavy metal pollution from water environment in this work. Manganese, one of the most widely used heavy metals, was used as a model to test the biosorption behavior of novel biosorbent. The main variables of biosorption operation such as pH, biosorbent amount (m), heavy metal concentration (C i), and time (t) were optimized by the batch-type test system. The typical features of process of heavy metal biosorption were displayed by the characterization, kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics studies. The characterization studies indicated that the biosorbent material possessed a heterogeneous surface morphology including many protuberances and cavities, and a rich profile of functional group. pH of 6, m of 10 mg, C i of 30 mg L −1 , and t of 120 min were determined to be the optimum variables values of biosorption process. The experimental data of heavy metal biosorption followed the kinetics model of Elovich and the isotherm model of Freundlich. The biosorption of heavy metal from aquatic medium was a spontaneous, favorable, and physical operation (∆G • :-7.27-3.55 kJ mol −1 and E DR : 0.90 kJ mol −1). The biosorbent material exhibited higher heavy metal biosorption performance (91.53 mg g −1) than many other sorbent materials reported in the literature. Thus, the current study showed that the biorefinery waste biomass of N. sativa L. could be used as an effective biosorbent for the biosorption of heavy metal from water environment, in addition to its use as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent for multidirectional treatment of aquatic medium.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2021

The present paper aimed to perform an environmentally friendly and effective study on the purific... more The present paper aimed to perform an environmentally friendly and effective study on the purification of biocidal material using bioremediation technique, and in this context, a natural widespread coastal biowaste (Zostera marina) was applied to remove a model biocide from aqueous system. Herein, malachite green was selected as a common agent to evaluate the biosorption efficiency of waste biomaterial. The bioremediation properties of biosorbent were studied in a controlled batch experiment system by the optimization practice of operating parameters like biosorbent quantity, medium pH, time, pollutant concentration and temperature, and kinetic, thermodynamic, equilibrium, and characterization operations. The optimum operating conditions were considered as 10 mg, 4, 6 h, 15 mg L À1 , and 25 C, respectively. Elovich and Langmuir were found to be the best-fitted models, describing the experimental biosorption data. Thermodynamic study revealed a favorable nature of the cleanup process. The characterization analysis indicated the presence of various functional groups on the layered biosorbent surface involved on the pollutant treatment. The untreated biosorbent showed a good biocide purification performance with a value of 97.584 mg g À1 , and it could thus be employed as an eco-friendly and cost-effective cleaning agent in environmental bioremediation studies.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2021

In this study, a novel biosorbent material was created from the waste product of Zostera marina w... more In this study, a novel biosorbent material was created from the waste product of Zostera marina with the surfactant modification (Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) and tried as a potential alternative to commercial (powdered) activated carbon for the treatment of synthetic dye (Fast green FCF, triarylmethane (anionic) type) pollution in aquatic environment. The treatment capability of biosorbent material was evaluated by the parameter optimization, kinetic, thermodynamic, equilibrium and characterization experiments. The optimum treatment conditions were found to be pH of 3, biosorbent amount of 10mg, synthetic dye concentration of 15mg L�1, temperature of 45 �C and operation time of 360 min. It was determined that Elovich model was the most suitable model among the models used to define the biosorption kinetic data. The synthetic dye treatment process was endothermic and spontaneous. Freundlich model best explained the biosorption isotherm data. The biosorbent has very heterogeneous surface with the different functional groups. The treatment capabilities of prepared biosorbent and activated carbon under the same operating conditions were calculated to be 163.075 and 110.635mg g�1, respectively. Hereby, these experimental findings show that the synthesized eco-friendly and low-cost biosorbent can be a powerful alternative to commercial activated carbon for the purification of synthetic dye pollution in water environment.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2021

In this study, a renewable biosorbent material was prepared from biological waste of widespread c... more In this study, a renewable biosorbent material was prepared from biological waste of widespread coastal plant, Zostera marina and employed for the biosorption of heavy metal pollution from water environment in green way. Manganese was selected as a model heavy metal to evaluate the treatment efficiency of prepared biosorbent. The batch biosorption behavior of biosorbent was investigated by the characterization, parameters evaluation, kinetic and equilibrium studies. The characterization study showed that the biosorbent has a rough surface and various binding groups for the heavy metal ions. The heavy metal concentration of 30 mg L⁻¹, time of 60 min, pH of 6 and biosorbent amount of 10 mg were determined as the optimum biosorption conditions. The pseudo-second-order equation was found to be the best among kinetic models applied. The equilibrium data were best explained by Freundlich isotherm. The maximum biosorption efficiency based on Langmuir model was predicted as 58.426 mg g⁻¹. Hence, the current work presents a renewable alternative biosorbent substance for the green treatment of heavy metal pollution from water medium.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2021

Within the scope of sustainable environmental remediation approach, a biosorbent prepared from th... more Within the scope of sustainable environmental remediation approach, a biosorbent prepared from the waste of Zostera marina coastal plant with chemical activation was used to effectively remove malachite green as a common biocidal agent from water environment in this work. The biocide treatment ability of activated biosorbent was interpreted through the characterization, optimization, equilibrium, thermodynamic, and kinetic studies. The characterization research showed that the biosorbent has an uneven surface and various active groups for the retention of biocide molecules. Langmuir isotherm was found to be the most appropriate model for the experimental equilibrium data. The maximum monolayer biosorption capacity was obtained as 103.834mg g
1 under the optimum conditions (time of 6 h, pH of 4, temperature of 25 C, biosorbent amount of 10 mg, and biocide concentration of 15mg L
1). The biosorption system was determined to be spontaneous and exothermic in thermodynamic aspect. The experimental kinetic data were best described by the pseudo-second-order model. All these results indicated that the activated biological residue could be used as an environmentally friendly and effective biosorbent for the biocide removal from water environment in a sustainable way.

Eskisehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology C- Life Sciences and Biotechnology/Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi C- Yaşam Bilimleri ve Biyoteknoloji, 2020

Zostera marina L. is the most extensive seagrass species in coastal areas of the northern hemisph... more Zostera marina L. is the most extensive seagrass species in coastal areas of the northern hemisphere. Z. marina L. meadows provide important contributions to many economic and ecological functions. On the other hand, leafy residues originating from these meadows largely accumulate along coastline and cause aesthetic, socioeconomic, hygienic and environmental problems. In this study, these waste biomaterials were chemically modified and used for the first time in the treatment of textile industry wastewaters in the context of green generation treatment applications. Basic red 46 was used as a typical model textile dye in order to simulate colored textile industry wastewater. The treatment properties of biosorbent was investigated by the isotherm, kinetic and characterization studies. The treatment process was significantly influenced by the environmental conditions and the optimum conditions for the dye treatment were obtained as the amount of biosorbent, 10 mg, contact time, 40 min, pH, 8 and dye concentration, 30 mg L-1. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the best fit to the experimental data while the equilibrium data were best described by Freundlich isotherm. The maximum monolayer dye removal potential of biosorbent was found to be 142.191 mg g-1 according to Langmuir model. The obtained results revealed a promising green generation treatment application for textile industry wastewaters.

Zostera marina L., kuzey yarım kürenin kıyı bölgelerinde bulunan en yaygın deniz çayırı türüdür. Z. marina L. çayırlık alanları, birçok ekonomik ve ekolojik fonksiyonlara önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. Diğer taraftan, bu çayırlık alanlardan kaynaklanan yapraksı atıklar, kıyı şeridi boyunca büyük miktarlarda birikerek, estetik, sosyoekonomik, hijyenik ve çevresel problemlere neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bu atık biyomateryaller, kimyasal olarak modifiye edilmiş ve yeşil nesil arıtım uygulamaları bağlamında tekstil endüstrisi atıksularının arıtılmasına yönelik olarak ilk kez kullanılmıştır. Bazik kırmızı 46, renkli tekstil endüstrisi atıksuyunu simüle etmek için tipik bir model tekstil boyası olarak kullanılmıştır. Biyosorbentin arıtım özellikleri, izoterm, kinetik ve karakterizasyon çalışmaları ile incelenmiştir. Arıtma işlemi, çevresel koşullardan önemli ölçüde etkilenmiştir ve boya arıtımı için en uygun koşullar, biyosorbent miktarı, 10 mg, temas süresi, 40 dakika, pH, 8 ve boya konsantrasyonu, 30 mg L-1 olarak elde edilmiştir. Yalancı ikinci mertebe kinetik modeli, deneysel verilere en iyi uyumu sağlarken, denge verileri, en iyi Freundlich izotermi ile tanımlanmıştır. Langmuir modeline göre biyosorbentin maksimum tek tabaka boya giderim potansiyeli, 142,191 mg g-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar, tekstil endüstrisi atık sularına yönelik gelecek vaat eden yeşil nesil bir arıtım uygulamasını ortaya koymuştur.

BioMed Research International, 2020

In the present research paper, a biosorptive remediation practice for an aqueous medium sample po... more In the present research paper, a biosorptive remediation practice for an aqueous medium sample polluted with manganese ions was implemented using the activated coastal waste of the Zostera marina plant. This is the first report in the literature on the utilization of current modified biological waste as a biosorbent substance for the removal of manganese ions from the water environment. The analyses of biosorbent characterization, environmental condition, kinetic, equilibrium, and comparison were performed to introduce the ability of prepared biosorbent for the removal of manganese from the aquatic medium. The biosorbent matter has a rough surface with numerous cavities and cracks and various functional groups for the biosorption of manganese. The environmental conditions significantly affected the manganese purification process, and the optimum working conditions were determined to be biosorbent quantity of 10 mg, pH of 6, manganese concentration of 30 mg L-1 , and time of 60 min. The pseudo-second-order model best explained the kinetic data of biosorption operation. The biosorption equilibrium data were best described by the Freundlich isotherm. According to the Langmuir equilibrium model, the maximum purification potency was estimated to be 120.6 mg g-1. The comparison work revealed that the activated coastal waste of the Z. marina plant could be utilized as an effectual and promising biosorbent substance for the remediation of an aquatic environment contaminated with manganese ions.

Eskisehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology C- Life Sciences and Biotechnology/Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi C- Yaşam Bilimleri ve Biyoteknoloji, 2020

In this study, the biosorption of a model synthetic azo dye (basic red 46) from aquatic medium by... more In this study, the biosorption of a model synthetic azo dye (basic red 46) from aquatic medium by the residual biomass of Zostera marina L. was first investigated. The experimental data revealed that the removal of dye significantly depended on pH, quantity of biosorbent, dye concentration and contact time. The optimal biosorption conditions were determined as pH of 8, biosorbent dosage of 10 mg, dye concentration of 30 mg L-1 and contact time of 360 min. The biosorption kinetic data were analyzed using the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intra-particle diffusion models. Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich models were used to model the experimental isotherm data. The results of modeling studies showed that Elovich and Freundlich models provided the best conformity to the biosorption kinetic and isotherm data. The maximum dye biosorption capacity of biosorbent based on Langmuir equilibrium model was predicted as 160.882 mg g-1. Thermodynamic studies were performed to clarify the nature of biosorption process and the obtained results revealed that this biosorption system has a spontaneous and physical nature (ΔG° =-8.604-5.926 kJ mol-1). All obtained findings showed that this natural bio-waste could be effectively employed as a low-cost biosorbent material for the removal of such pollutant agents from water medium.

Bu çalışmada, Zostera marina L. atık biyoması ile sucul ortamdan model bir sentetik azo boyanın (basic red 46) biyosorpsiyonu ilk kez araştırılmıştır. Deneysel veriler, boya gideriminin önemli bir şekilde pH, biyosorbent miktarı, boya konsantrasyonu ve temas süresine bağlı olduğunu göstermiştir. Optimal biyosorpsiyon koşulları, pH 8, 10 mg biyosorbent dozajı, 30 mg L-1 boya konsantrasyonu ve 360 dakika temas süresi olarak belirlenmiştir. Biyosorpsiyon kinetik verileri, yalancı birinci mertebe, yalancı ikinci mertebe, Elovich ve parçacık içi difüzyon modelleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Freundlich, Langmuir ve Dubinin-Radushkevich modelleri, deneysel izoterm verilerini modellemek için kullanılmıştır. Modelleme çalışmaları sonuçları, Elovich ve Freundlich modellerinin, biyosorpsiyon kinetik ve izoterm verilerine en iyi uyumu sağladığını göstermiştir. Langmuir denge modeline bağlı olarak biyosorbentin maksimum boya biyosorpsiyon kapasitesi, 160,882 mg g-1 olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Termodinamik çalışmalar, biyosorpsiyon prosesinin doğasını ortaya koymak için yapılmıştır ve elde edilen sonuçlar, biyosorpsiyon sisteminin, spontan ve fiziksel bir doğaya sahip olduğuna işaret etmiştir (ΔG° =-8,604-5,926 kJ mol-1). Elde edilen tüm bulgular, bu doğal biyolojik atığın, su ortamından böyle kirletici ajanların uzaklaştırılması için uygun maliyetli bir biyosorbent materyali olarak etkili bir şekilde kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

KSU Natural Sciences, 2014

The regeneration and reuse of biosorbent is quite important in order to make the biosorption proc... more The regeneration and reuse of biosorbent is quite important in order to make the biosorption process more economical. Desorption studies were performed for elucidating the mechanism of biosorption case, recovery of biosorbent and reuse of biosorbent at biosorption process. Selection of an appropriate eluent is crucial for successful regeneration. A successful desorption process requires the selection of a proper desorbent, which depends on the type of biosorbent and the mechanism of biosorption. The selected desorbents should be effective, cheap and harmless. In this study, dilute (0.1 M) HCl and NaOH solutions were employed for desorption of Basic Red 46 and Acid Yellow 220 dyes biosorbed by the cone and leaf biosorbents of red pine from the biosorbent surfaces. In order to evaluate the reuse potential of biosorbents at the dye biosorption, consecutive biosorption/desorption cycles were repeated three times with the same biosorbent. The minimum dye desorption from the cone and leaf biosorbents for Basic Red 46 by using 0.1 M HCl was defined as %90.88 and %95.99, respectively. For Acid Yellow 220, the minimum dye desorption from the cone and leaf biosorbents by employing 0.1 M NaOH was found as %88.37 and %86.79, respectively. The results displayed that these biosorbents as economically could be repeatedly used in the dye biosorption studies.

Biyosorbent rejenerasyonu ve tekrar kullanımı, biyosorpsiyon prosesini daha ekonomik hale getirmek için oldukça önemlidir. Desorpsiyon çalışmaları, biyosorpsiyon olayının mekanizmasının ortaya konulması, biyosorbentin geri kazanımı ve tekrar biyosorpsiyon prosesinde kullanımı için yapılmaktadır. Başarılı bir desorpsiyon işlemi, biyosorbentin çeşidine ve biyosorpsiyon mekanizmasına göre değişen uygun bir desorbent seçimini gerektirmektedir. Seçilen desorbentler etkili, ucuz ve zararsız olmalıdır. Bu çalışmada, kızılçam kozalak ve yaprak biyosorbentleri tarafından biyosorplanan Basic Red 46 ve Acid Yellow 220 boyalarının biyosorbent yüzeylerinden desorpsiyonu için seyreltik (0,1 M) HCl ve NaOH çözeltileri kullanılmıştır. Biyosorbentlerin boya biyosorpsiyonunda yeniden kullanım potansiyellerini değerlendirmek için ardışık biyosorpsiyon/desorpsiyon döngüsü aynı biyosorbentle üç kez tekrarlanmıştır. 0,1 M HCl kullanımı ile Basic Red 46 boyasının kozalak ve yaprak biyosorbentlerinden en düşük boya desorpsiyonu sırası ile %90,88 ve %95,99 olarak belirlenmiştir. 0,1 M NaOH kullanımı ile Acid Yellow 220 boyası için kozalak ve yaprak biyosorbentlerinden en düşük boya desorpsiyonu sırası ile %88,37 ve %86,79 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, bu biyosorbentlerin ekonomik bir şekilde boya biyosorpsiyon çalışmalarında tekrar tekrar kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2020

A novel biosorbent was prepared by the surface modification of Zostera marina L. bioresidues and ... more A novel biosorbent was prepared by the surface modification of Zostera marina L. bioresidues and used for the removal of model synthetic dye, methylene blue from aqueous medium in this study. Taguchi design of experiment (DoE) methodology was employed to investigate the influence of significant operational parameters (reaction time, pH of medium and dye concentration) on the biosorption process and to develop a mathematical model for the estimation of biosorption potential of biosorbent. The percentage contribution of each of these process variables on the dye biosorption was found to be 9.03%, 1.95% and 88.84%, respectively. The dye biosorption capacity under the obtained optimum environmental conditions (reaction time of 120 min, pH of 8 and dye concentration of 15 mg L−1) was estimated to be 140.154 mg g−1 (R2: 99.83). This value was very close to the experimentally obtained dye removal performance value (140.299 mg g−1). These findings indicated the high ability of Taguchi DoE technique in the optimization and simulation of dye biosorption system. The kinetic and equilibrium modeling studies showed that the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models were the best models for the elucidation of dye removal behavior of biosorbent. Besides, the performance of dye decontamination system was evaluated using the pseudo-second-order kinetic parameters. The thermodynamic analyses displayed that the dye biosorption was a feasible, spontaneous and exothermic process. For large scale dye purification applications, a single-stage batch biosorption system was also designed using the mathematical modeling data. All these results revealed that Z. marina L. bioresidues could be used as a promising alternative biosorbent material for the effective and eco-friendly dye biosorption systems.

International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2019

Biosorption technology has been acknowledged as one of the most successful treatment approaches f... more Biosorption technology has been acknowledged as one of the most successful treatment approaches for colored industrial effluents. The problems such as its high manufacturing cost and poor regeneration capability in the use of activated carbon as a biosorbent have prompted the environmental scientists to develop alternative biosorbent materials. In this context, as a sustainable green generation alternative biosorbent source, the discarded seed biomass from pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) processing industry was explored for the biotreatment of colored aqueous effluents in this study. To test the wastewater cleaning ability of biosorbent, Basic red 46 was selected as a typical model synthetic dye. Taguchi DoE methodology was employed to study the effect of important operational parameters, contact time, pH and synthetic dye concentration, on the biosorption process and to develop a mathematical model for the estimation of biosorption potential of biosorbent. The percentage contribution of each of these process variables on the dye biosorption was found to be 19.31%, 41.39%, and 38.74%, respectively. The biosorption capacity under the optimum environmental conditions, contact time of 360 min, pH of 8 and dye concentration of 30mg L
1, was estimated to be 92.878mg g
1 (R2: 99.45). This value was very close to the experimentally obtained dye removal performance value (92.095mg g
1). These findings indicated the high ability of Taguchi DoE technique in the optimization and simulation of dye biosorption system. The kinetic and equilibrium modeling studies showed that the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models were the best models for the elucidation of dye removal behavior of biosorbent. The thermodynamic studies displayed that the dye biosorption was a feasible, spontaneous and exothermic process. This parametric and phenomenological survey revealed that the discarded pepper seed biomass can be introduced as a potential and efficient biosorbent for the bioremediation of colored industrial effluents.

In this study, red pine cones and leaves as a natural adsorbent were investigated for removal of ... more In this study, red pine cones and leaves as a natural adsorbent were investigated for removal of Basic Red 46 and Acid Yellow 220 dyes from aqueous solutions. The effects of physicochemical parameters including pH, adsorbent dosage, adsorbent particle size, dye concentration, temperature, contact time and ionic strength on the adsorption process were studied. The adsorption equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Temkin isotherm models. The equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm model. The pseudo first order, pseudo second order, Ritchie, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models were used for determining of the adsorption kinetics. The kinetic studies indicated that the experimental data fitted to the pseudo second order kinetic well. The thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that the adsorption system was spontaneous and endothermic. The desorption studies showed that these adsorbents could be repeatedly used in the dye removal studies. FTIR and SEM analyses proved that red pine cones and leaves might be a suitable adsorbent for the dye adsorption.

In this study some physiological effects of copper chloride (CuCl2, 0.1 and 1.0 ppm), sodium chlo... more In this study some physiological effects of copper chloride (CuCl2, 0.1 and 1.0 ppm), sodium chloride (NaCl, 0.2 and 0.4 M) and both of them on Spirulina sp. were investigated. In this content, firstly microalga was adapted to culture medium. Then microalga was inoculated into erlen flasks containing both of stress and culture solutions. Growth rate, biomass values (dry mass), Cu and potassium (K) concentrations, chlorophyll-a, caroten, proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of microalga were determined at the end of seven days.
It was determined that 1.0 ppm Cu decreased the growth rate, biomass, K, chlorophyll-a and caroten contents of Spirulina sp., while causing increase in the contents of Cu, proline and MDA. However 0.1 Cu ppm affected these variables weakly and resulted less damage in Spirulina sp. with respect to 1.0 ppm Cu. Similarly, NaCl also increased proline and MDA contents, but decreased others. Decrease in the amount of caroten was less than that of chlorophyll-a in applications of Cu and NaCl separately. Concerning the application of NaCl and CuCl2 mixture, it was determined that adding NaCl into the medium decreased Cu content of Spirulina sp. In addition, application of CuCl2 and NaCl mixture affected other parameters more than the application of Cu and NaCl separately.