Wietske van Osch | HEC Montréal (Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales) (original) (raw)

Papers by Wietske van Osch

Journal of the Association for Information Systems

Transparency—the observability of activities, behaviors, and performance—is often treated as a pa... more Transparency—the observability of activities, behaviors, and performance—is often treated as a panacea for modern management. Yet there is a conundrum in the literature, with some studies suggesting that transparency may benefit group creativity and others suggesting that privacy may do so. A similar conundrum exists regarding the effects of different social capital types—structural holes vs. network cohesion—on group creativity. Enterprise social media (ESM) provide a unique opportunity to solve these conundrums by allowing groups to be “transparent” (non-group members can observe and/or participate in group activities) or “private” (group members and activities are hidden from the community) and enabling groups to develop distinct social capital structures. Using data from 28,083 written interactions produced by 109 transparent and 106 private groups in an ESM of a multinational design firm, we found strong support for our contingency hypotheses that both transparent and private g...

ESM have created new opportunities for groups of individuals to create networks of connections, i... more ESM have created new opportunities for groups of individuals to create networks of connections, including previously unknown others inside the same organization. The formation of social capital in the context of ESM is inherently affected by the visibility affordance of these tools, resulting in either visible or invisible groups. As such, ESM offered a unique opportunity to assess the effects of visibility on group processes, specifically in the context of social capital formation. Given that past research has had a strong positivity bias with respect to the role of visibility on organizational processes, we developed and validated a framework that incorporated both visibility and invisibility and suggested that social capital formation can emerge within both visible and invisible groups, yet, that the exact form of social capital—i.e., bonding or bridging—are shaped by the visibility settings of the group and the level of discussions ongoing in the group. Therefore, as researchers...

The proliferation of enterprise social media (ESM) has created gaps in theorizing ESM users’ dive... more The proliferation of enterprise social media (ESM) has created gaps in theorizing ESM users’ diverse motivations and usage patterns. Drawing specifically from the core-periphery model in the traditional online community literature, we propose a similar core-periphery structure in the ESM context, but also suggest a new class of users, that we refer to as promoters. Using cross-section log data from an ESM of a large multinational corporation and a mixed-method approach--including quantitative cluster analysis and qualitative interviews--our findings reveal that as expected ESMs reflect a core-periphery structure, however, nearly two-thirds of the users in the enterprise setting represent two novel user groups, namely promoters or super-promoters. These groups utilize the platform primarily for contributing self-presentational and self-promoting content without consuming or sharing the content created by others. The findings from our interviews further shed light onto the diverse set of motivations that underpin the usage behaviors of these user groups

Journal of Management Information Systems, 2020

Social network theory has produced conflicting results regarding the link between different socia... more Social network theory has produced conflicting results regarding the link between different social network structures-bridging versus bonding-and idea generation. To address this conundrum, we conduct a naturally occurring quasi-experiment of 126 open and 108 closed groups within an Enterprise Social Media (ESM) system of a multinational enterprise. Our findings show that idea generation occurs when the type of social network structure-bridging or bonding-is matched to a group's openness or closedness, respectively. We further show that the reverse is counterproductive: when closed groups display bridging ties and open groups display bonding ties, idea generation is significantly undermined. Theoretically, these findings clarify the conditions and mechanisms by which both bridging and bonding can result in idea generation and provide a deeper understanding of the use of ESM for idea generation. Practically, our findings provide valuable and actionable insights regarding the use of ESM for idea generation in groups.

Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2019, 2019

Over the last decade, the role of social media in enabling the digital enterprise has been rapidl... more Over the last decade, the role of social media in enabling the digital enterprise has been rapidly growing. In order for digital enterprises to embrace the opportunities afforded by social media technologies, including the use of social media for both inward- and external-facing communications and collaborations, several issues need to be addressed. The panelists will discuss contemporary issues and potential strategies to help establish a roadmap for social media research in the context of digital enterprises and digital transformation.

ABSTRACT Drawing on Uses and Gratifications (UG) Theory and Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DIT),... more ABSTRACT Drawing on Uses and Gratifications (UG) Theory and Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DIT), this study aimed to augment an exploration of individual user needs based on UG constructs with an analysis of the material characteristics of the innovation based on DIT constructs to provide a comprehensive explanation of people&#39;s motivations underlying various Twitter usage levels and frequencies. Whereas previous literature on Social Network Sites (SNS) have explored individuals&#39; motivations underlying initial adoption, the equally interesting and relevant question of use (dis-) continuance has so far been largely overlooked. To fill this void in the literature, this study compares active users that have continued to use Twitter and inactive users that initially adopted, yet discontinued usage of Twitter. This study provides insights into different usage levels and frequencies through an investigation of 1) users&#39; perceptions of the medium, 2) users&#39; expected outcomes associated with the medium&#39;s use, and 3) the role and effect of mobile access. An analysis of 130 surveys with Partial Least Squares (PLS) and R 2 partitioning revealed that an understanding of adoption and use (dis-) continuance of Twitter requires us to account for both user-related motivations (UG) and perceived characteristics of the medium (DIT), as combining UG and DIT increased explanatory power (R 2) for the overall sample. Furthermore, our findings showed that inactive users&#39; initial adoption and subsequent discontinuance was solely impacted by user-related needs, (i.e. UG constructs), whereas active users&#39; continued use was largely motivated by technology characteristics, (i.e. DIT constructs). Finally, our study revealed significant differences between active and inactive users in terms of the devices and platform used for accessing Twitter, with active users reporting a significantly higher use of mobile devices. Based on these findings, we discuss contributions and implications for future research and practice.

Journal of Management Information Systems, 2018

The proliferation of enterprise social media (ESM) has created opportunities for employees to sel... more The proliferation of enterprise social media (ESM) has created opportunities for employees to self-organize around common goals or interests. However, little is known about the different user classes that exist in ESM and the factors that drive contributions to ESM communities. Using multi-level analyses of secondary data from the ESM of a global organization, we find that (1) although ESM communities reflect a core-periphery structure similar to that identified in other forms of online communities, nearly two-thirds of the users represent promoters-a distinct class of users who use the platform primarily to post promotional content without viewing existing content created by others; and (2) despite individual differences in user type, the actual contribution to an ESM community is the result of an intricate interaction between a user's disposition for participation and a set of group characteristics. Our findings suggest that recognizing the unique contribution patterns of different user groups is key to understanding participation in ESM communities.

Americas Conference on Information Systems, 2011

Studies into open source software (OSS) development projects have hitherto focused on the questio... more Studies into open source software (OSS) development projects have hitherto focused on the question of why people are motivated to contribute to these projects, thereby assuming that motivational factors are the same across all types of OSS projects. In this study we challenge this assumption by investigating the question what motivates developers' selection of an OSS project depending on the level of license restrictiveness. Hereto we first develop a comprehensive multi-theoretical model of developers' motivations based on a literature review of foundational theories of motivations from multiple disciplinary backgrounds. Second, through data from 159 surveys, we show that developers' motivations indeed influence the selection of projects to which they contribute based on license restrictiveness. Drawing upon our findings, we propose a theoretical process model of project selection. This model helps to understand the relations between motivations, project selection and level of contribution and can be applied in future research.

HCI in Business, Government and Organizations, 2020

Teamwork is at the heart of most organizations today. Given increased pressures for organizations... more Teamwork is at the heart of most organizations today. Given increased pressures for organizations to be flexible, and adaptable, teams are organizing in novel ways, using novel technologies to be increasingly agile. One of these technologies that are increasingly used by distributed teams is Enterprise Social Media (ESM), web-based applications utilized by organizations for enabling communication and collaboration between distributed employees. ESM feature unique affordances that facilitate collaboration, including interactions that are generative: group conversations that entail the creation of innovative concepts and resolutions. These types of interactions are an important attraction for companies deciding to implement ESM. There is a unique opportunity offered for researchers in the field of HCI to study such generative interactions, as all contributions to an ESM platform are made visible, and therefore are available for analysis. Our goal in this preliminary study is to understand the nature of group generative interactions through their linguistic indicators. In this study, we utilize data from an ESM platform used by a multinational organization. Using a 1% sub sample of all logged group interactions, we apply machine-learning to classify text as generative or non-generative and extract the linguistic antecedents for the classified generative content. Our results show a promising method for investigating the linguistic indicators of generative content and provide a proof of concept for investigating group interactions in unobtrusive ways. Additionally, our results would also be able to provide an analytics tool for managers to measure the extent to which text-based tools, such as ESM, effectively nudge employees towards generative behaviors.

Human Interface and the Management of Information. Information Presentation and Visualization, 2021

Recommender Systems (RS) aim to improve users' decision quality and reduce decision-related effor... more Recommender Systems (RS) aim to improve users' decision quality and reduce decision-related effort. Prior research has focused on the impact of the entire system on recommendation acceptance and system use intentions, while largely overlooking the role of message design. To fill this void, a systematic literature review was undertaken to answer three research questions: (i) What comprises the current knowledge base of antecedents to effective RS message design? (ii) What significant results from past research can inform current scholars and practitioners of optimal RS message design practices? (iii) What are opportunities for future research in revealing guidelines for optimizing RS message design? Using various scholarly databases, 127 articles were retrieved and screened for relevance, resulting in a usable sample of 40 manuscripts. In addition to answering the research questions, a concept matrix of future research opportunities is presented offering guidelines for optimizing RS message design in a managerial decisionmaking context.

Drawing on Habermas' theory of communicative action, this conceptual paper proposes the Orga... more Drawing on Habermas' theory of communicative action, this conceptual paper proposes the Organizational Social Media Lifeworld (OSML) as a useful model for disentangling the complex use of social media in organizations and its enabling role for organizational communication. Based on the OSML model, we show how social media are intrinsic to each of these four elements-actors, action, entity and culture-and how it enables the two overarching organizational processes of structuration and socialization. Herefrom we delineate a set of communication archetypes for making sense of the plethora of social media activities in organizational contexts, which can further guide research and practice. In order to illustrate the OSML model, we provide seven illustrative vignettes of the use of Facebook Pages for organizational communication pertaining to the various foundational actions and processes within an organization that are supported through four functional material properties. Finally,...

Information Systems and Neuroscience, 2020

Upcoming

Boundary spanning has gained significant popularity in the field of information systems given its... more Boundary spanning has gained significant popularity in the field of information systems given its role as a critical antecedent to innovation and organizational performance. The majority of boundaryspanning studies have focused on assessing the impact of boundary spanning—as an activity—on distinct dependent variables, such as team innovativeness or operational performance, rather than on measuring the success of the boundary spanning efforts per se. In this conceptual paper, we integrate the literature on boundary spanning and usability to delineate three distinct dimensions of boundaryspanning success by measuring the effectiveness and efficiency of a boundary-spanning interaction— that is the dyadic relation between the boundary spanner and the responder. Our exploratory descriptive statistics reveal that although ESM may be useful in supporting teams in enacting effective information search in reaching the requisite target audience and yielding the desired resources, it is less ...

Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 2020

Spring 2020 2 is unlikely to fade into memory anytime soon, if ever. The dramatic disruptions to ... more Spring 2020 2 is unlikely to fade into memory anytime soon, if ever. The dramatic disruptions to everyday life resulting from the various degrees of societal lockdowns experienced across the globe will have long-term repercussions for many individuals, occupations, organizations, and societies. One observation repeated in both the popular and academic presses is that the burden of the lockdown was not equitably distributed. Specifically, working women with school-aged children seemed to face even greater hurdles in managing their households and careers than did men (Alon et al., 2020; Collins et al., 2020; Motoko, 2020; Madbavkar et al., 2020). The delicate family-work balance that these working women had managed to build during what we might now nostalgically refer to "normal" times had been shattered. To extend the balance metaphor, the scale was not just broken, it was no longer measuring anything meaningful. Recognizing the struggle facing female faculty members in many academic disciplines (

Social media represent one of the fastest growing marketing channels in the world. Consequently, ... more Social media represent one of the fastest growing marketing channels in the world. Consequently, both researchers and practitioners are increasingly interested in the effects of social media marketing efforts on the likelihood of consumers to engage with and subsequently purchase from a brand. However, hitherto, little research has explored how social media users process the information they encounter on social media and how this information affects the nature and level of brain activity that occurs. In the proposed study, we will use functional neuroimaging (fMRI) tools to complement psychometric measures to specifically explore the neural activity that occurs in response to comments or electronic word-of-mouth; i.e., consumers' responses to posts from brands on social media. The selection of comments focuses on two dimensions of theoretical interest, namely the nature of the comment-compliment versus complaint-as well as the nature of the brand the comment is targeting-low versus high involvement. The theoretical and practical significance of this study are discussed.

Companies hold particular interest in group generative interactions the conception of novel ideas... more Companies hold particular interest in group generative interactions the conception of novel ideas and solutions through group exchanges. They are a root-cause of innovation and thus are important to companies’ survival. Enterprise Social Media (ESM) offer a unique opportunity to study generative group interactions, due to the transparent nature of activities on these platforms. In this research-in-progress paper, we conduct a preliminary analysis to develop a method that could identify the instances of ESM-based generative group interactions, where we focus on distinguishing generative versus nongenerative group interactions. To do this, we used the text from all group interactions from an ESM platform of a multinational organization. We implemented machine learning models to learn and classify the text as generative or non-generative. As a result, we produced the top important term features from the best performing model. These features will help us understand the nature of discuss...

Journal of the Association for Information Systems

Journal of Management Information Systems, 2020

Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2019, 2019

Journal of Management Information Systems, 2018

Americas Conference on Information Systems, 2011

HCI in Business, Government and Organizations, 2020

Human Interface and the Management of Information. Information Presentation and Visualization, 2021

Information Systems and Neuroscience, 2020

Upcoming

Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 2020

Proceedings of SIGPrag Workshop (SIGPrag), 2009

Proceedings of the , 2013 50th Anniversary Conference , 2013

Proceedings of the 2014 American Academy of Advertising (AAA), 2014

Prior studies report organizations' increasing fiscal investments in social media marketing commu... more Prior studies report organizations' increasing fiscal investments in social media marketing communications reflecting anticipated benefits for bottomline improvements. Yet, few studies have looked at the empirical link between messaging dimensions, brand equity, consumer engagement and associated purchase intentions. Through a four-week long, between-group longitudinal experiment, we assess the relationships between these factors, and produce the following contributions: (i) developed and empirically supported our proposed monitoring metric, Brand Social Media Engagement Index; (ii) observed that brand equity is a full, direct mediator between engaging brand content and both purchase intention and brand social media engagement intention; and (iii) demonstrated the positive effect of engaging brand content on consumer brand equity, thereby establishing the value behind brand social media marketing communications to consumers.

4th International Conference on Economics, Business, and Management, 2015

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Economics, Business, and Management, 2015

Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Pre-International Conference on Information Systems HCI Workshop in MIS Research (pre-ICIS), 2015

Proceedings of Pre-ICIS SIG-HCI Workshop 2017, 2017

Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), 2017

Proceedings of Pre-ICIS SIG-HCI Workshop 2019, 2019

Proceedings NeuroIS Retreat 2020, 2020

Upcoming

Media", Human-Computer Interaction International, 2020

Upcoming

Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Portuguese Chapter of the Association of Information Systems (CAPSI), 2017

With the proliferation of online Tourism websites, consumers' Web-based search queries for cues t... more With the proliferation of online Tourism websites, consumers' Web-based search queries for cues that minimize the uncertainty surrounding brands and the risk associated with corresponding purchase decisions become more commonplace. Yet, despite the recent interest in user-generated online reviews, understanding how various dimensions of 'the message' (online review) may affect consumers' perceptions of a review's trustworthiness, and whether the latter drives brand attitudes and subsequent booking intentions remains unknown. To fill this gap, a 2x2x2 scenario-based online experiment was designed exposing participants to real user-generated TripAdvisor.com reviews, and an online questionnaire was used to evaluate antecedents and consequents of review trustworthiness. Using PLS-based structural equation modeling (SEM), our findings offer a comprehensive framework of the review characteristics-timeliness, accuracy, and reviewer credibility-that drive overall perceptions of review trustworthiness, brand attitude, and booking intention. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS), 2016

Pre-ICIS SIGBPS Workshop on Business Processes and Services, 2015

In recent years, the ability to mine, manage, and examine big data has sparked a strong interest ... more In recent years, the ability to mine, manage, and examine big data has sparked a strong interest among scholars and managers to leverage data science approaches for measuring and in turn enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of various areas of knowledge management, such as boundary spanning. In this paper, we use a data science approach to delineate three distinct behavioral metrics of boundary spanning effectiveness and efficiency that are critical in determining the success of a boundary-spanning interaction-the dyadic relation between the boundary spanner and the responder, namely goal alignment, hierarchical alignment, and timeliness. These new metrics offer researchers and practitioners new means for assessing the actual rather than self-reported success of a boundary spanning activity as well as for evaluating the role of information systems in such boundary spanning interactions. Implications for research and practice are discussed. Introduction With the ubiquity of data, new opportunities have emerged for the application of data science and machine-learning approaches to help enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of knowledge management. The ability to mine, manage, and examine big data has sparked a strong interest among scholars and managers to leverage data science and machine-learning approaches for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of various areas of knowledge management. The success of today's enterprises increasingly depends on the efficiency and quality of their cross-boundary knowledge flows and processes (Marrone, 2010). Various information systems, specifically emerging enterprise social media (ESM) technologies, are used to increase the transparency and openness of such cross-boundary knowledge flows with the aim of enhancing team effectiveness, collaboration, knowledge sharing, and innovation. Today, the growing adoption of ESM technologies in organizational contexts has profound implications for such boundary spanning knowledge flows in organizational teams. Social media encompass a range of information and communication tools (ICTs) for supporting interaction, collaboration, and co-creation, such as blogs, content communities, and social network sites (Leonardi, Huysman, and Steinfield, 2013; Treem and Leonardi, 2012). Studies of organizational social media use suggest that these systems have the potential to enhance cross-boundary knowledge flows-referred to as boundary spanning-by enabling the identification of and interaction with relevant external individuals and information (cf., DiMicco et al. 2008; 2009; Steinfield et al., 2009). Within the boundary spanning literature, recent papers have proposed the need for future research to move beyond traditional offline settings to study virtual contexts and in particular assess how the use of virtual tools, such as ESM, affects the success of boundary spanning activities (Kirkman & Mathieu, 2005). However, hitherto, the success of boundary spanning activities has solely been assessed by measuring the downstream impacts of these activities on other organizational performance metrics, e.g., team innovativeness or operational performance.

Proceedings of the Fifth Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems: Professional Development Consortium, 2010

Analyzing how IT-induced collective action and mass innovation emerge against the backdrop of an ... more Analyzing how IT-induced collective action and mass innovation emerge against the backdrop of an increasingly connected world, we introduce the related concepts of generative collectives and collective generative capacity as a new theoretical lens for explaining the ability of groups to engage collectively in bottom-up acts of transformational change and innovation. In order to analyze what characteristics of a group increase collective generative capacity, i.e., make a collective highlygenerative, this study will analyze several internet-based projects of mass innovation and collective action. Hereto, a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods is adopted as well as a positive lens to data collection, theory development, and system design. Combining the strengths of qualitative and quantitative methods can generate both in-depth, holistic insights as well as more generalizable results for understanding why some groups are more generative than others and how we can design systems that are conducive to their collective generative capacity.

Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCII), 2016

This research-in-progress explores the effects of information source credibility (brands versus v... more This research-in-progress explores the effects of information source credibility (brands versus vloggers), information type (how-to tutorial versus product demonstration), and viewer characteristics on perceptions of information quality, information usefulness, information satisfaction, and information adoption in the context of YouTube videos regarding a technology product, the Apple Watch. The primary goal of this study is to understand how users process information provided through YouTube videos by brands and vloggers, as well as extend existing models of information adoption that solely focus on information and source characteristics without considering characteristics of the user or viewer. Envisioned future steps in this project are discussed as well as implications for research and practice. Data collection will be completed prior to the HCII conference, where results will be presented.

Twenty-Fourth European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS), 2016

This research-in-progress paper explores the effects of information source credibility (brands ve... more This research-in-progress paper explores the effects of information source credibility (brands versus vloggers), information type (how-to tutorial versus product demonstration), and viewer characteristics on perceptions of information quality, information usefulness, information satisfaction, and information adoption in the context of YouTube makeup videos. The primary goal of this study is to understand how users process information provided through YouTube videos by brands and vloggers, as well as extend existing models of information adoption that solely focus on information and source characteristics without considering characteristics of the user or viewer. Envisioned future steps in this project are discussed as well as implications for research and practice.

2014 iEMSs International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software, 2014

This study presents a web-based social media system that supports quantitative microbial risk as... more This study presents a web-based social media system that supports quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) and collaboration among interdisciplinary scientists and interagency stakeholders, namely the QMRA wiki. The QMRA wiki is intended to aid the development of risk assessments by providing a collection of raw data, models and calculators as well as a platform for exchange and cross-fertilization between the QMRA community and its stakeholders. The wiki is organized around the exploration of the QMRA paradigm including the following five components: hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, risk characterization and risk management. Additionally, the wiki houses a number of case studies and a library of other resources and educational materials. Its underlying structure of QMRA knowledge and models is housed within a semantic structure that captures the content of each page and the relationships between pages. Relationships are based on pathogen type, specific organism, or modeling type. The objectives that underpin the QMRA wiki include the (1) Collection of raw data and fitted models; (2) Dose-response and exposure analysis through the use of calculators or apps; (3) Transparency of the scientific underpinnings of microbial risk assessment; (4) The education of future QMRA experts.

Proceedings of the Fifteenth Pre-ICIS SIG-HCI Workshop 2016, 2016

Social media represent one of the fastest growing marketing channels in the world. Consequently, ... more Social media represent one of the fastest growing marketing channels in the world. Consequently, both researchers and practitioners are increasingly interested in the effects of social media marketing efforts on the likelihood of consumers to engage with and subsequently purchase from a brand. However, hitherto, little research has explored how social media users process the information they encounter on social media and how this information affects the nature and level of brain activity that occurs. In the proposed study, we will use functional neuroimaging (fMRI) tools to complement psychometric measures to specifically explore the neural activity that occurs in response to comments or electronic word-of-mouth; i.e., consumers’ responses to posts from brands on social media. The selection of comments focuses on two dimensions of theoretical interest, namely the nature of the comment—compliment versus complaint—as well as the nature of the brand the comment is targeting—low versus high involvement. The theoretical and practical significance of this study are discussed.

Analyzing generative group activities against the backdrop of an increasingly connected world, th... more Analyzing generative group activities against the backdrop of an increasingly connected world, this theory development paper introduces the concept of "generative collectives" as a new framework for classifying internet-based collectives and a novel theoretical lens for explaining why some internet-based groups are more generative than others. Generative collectives are groups of people with shared interests or goals who mutually engage in rejuvenating, reconfiguring, reframing and revolutionizing acts. We submit that any type of collective has the capacity to be generative; however, some collectives are more generative than others. We explore two core structural dimensions of generative collectives and provide a framework for classifying these collectives and their respective levels of entropy as a proxy for their collective generative capacity. Subsequently, we derive and illustrate four archetypes of generative collectives, which can help account for the varying levels of generativity in different groups. Finally, implications for future research and practice are discussed.