Tino Johansson | University of Helsinki (original) (raw)

Papers by Tino Johansson

Research paper thumbnail of Local Knowledge contributes to adaptation success in Southern Ethiopia and Zimbabwe

Research paper thumbnail of Finland: Diffusion of GIS in Schools from Local Innovations to the Implementation of a National Curriculum

International Perspectives on Teaching and Learning with GIS in Secondary Schools, 2011

ABSTRACT In this chapter, I provide a brief overview of the status of Geographic Information Syst... more ABSTRACT In this chapter, I provide a brief overview of the status of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the secondary schools of Finland and describe a few projects and activities that partly enhanced the incorporation of GIS in the curricula. This chapter presents a case study on the use of global positioning system (GPS) receivers in lower-secondary school education through a geocaching exercise and concludes with the most recent prospects for learning with GIS in Finland.

Research paper thumbnail of GIS in Teacher Education–Facilitating GIS Applications in Secondary School Geography

Proceedings of the ScanGIS'2003: The 9th …, 2003

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have not yet been widely introduced to secondary school ge... more Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have not yet been widely introduced to secondary school geography education in Finland. However, in the outline of the new national curriculum for upper secondary schools, GIS is incorporated into the elective, advanced geography course. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Beasts on Fields. Human-Wildlife Conflicts in Nature-Culture Borderlands

Human-wildlife conflicts are today an integral part of the rural development discourse. In this r... more Human-wildlife conflicts are today an integral part of the rural development discourse. In this research, the main focus is on the spatial explanation which is not a very common approach in the reviewed literature. My research hypothesis is based on the assumption that ...

Research paper thumbnail of Promoting soil health and productivity in Eastern Arc mountain ecosystems through collaboration and networks

Smallholder farmers in the Taita hills and Mount Kilimanjaro recognize the need to conserve soil ... more Smallholder farmers in the Taita hills and Mount Kilimanjaro recognize the need to conserve soil nutrients of fields and farms located in the upper, middle and lower zones of mountainous areas. These mountain communities depend on rain-fed subsistence agriculture which means that for sustainable subsistence crop production, they also depend on nutrient availability and use efficiency in farming households. A study under way in the area has looked at loss of land cover and infestations of plant pests and diseases and is using this information to raise farmers’ awareness of soil fertility and to introduce best cropping practices.

Research paper thumbnail of Predicting the Impact of Temperature Change on the Future Distribution of Maize Stem Borers and Their Natural Enemies along East African Mountain Gradients Using Phenology Models

PLOS ONE, 2015

Lepidopteran stem borers are among the most important pests of maize in East Africa. The objectiv... more Lepidopteran stem borers are among the most important pests of maize in East Africa. The objective of the present study was to predict the impact of temperature change on the distribution and abundance of the crambid Chilo partellus, the noctuid Busseola fusca, and their larval parasitoids Cotesia flavipes and Cotesia sesamiae at local scale along Kilimanjaro and Taita Hills gradients in Tanzania and Kenya, respectively. Temperature-dependent phenology models of pests and parasitoids were used in a geographic information system for mapping. The three risk indices namely establishment, generation, and activity indices were computed using current temperature data record from local weather stations and future (i.e., 2055) climatic condition based on downscaled climate change data from the AFRICLIM database. The calculations were carried out using index interpolator, a sub-module of the Insect Life Cycle Modeling (ILCYM) software. Thin plate algorithm was used for interpolation of the indices. Our study confirmed that temperature was a key factor explaining the distribution of stem borers and their natural enemies but other climatic factors and factors related to the top-down regulation of pests by parasitoids (host-parasitoid synchrony) also played a role. Results based on temperature only indicated a worsening of stem borer impact on maize production along the two East African mountain gradients studied. This was attributed to three main changes occurring simultaneously: (1) range expansion of the lowland species C. partellus in areas above 1200 m.a.s.l.;

Research paper thumbnail of Teachers' opinions of the incorporation of GIS in the upper secondary schools in Finland

… 2005: Mapping Approaches into a Changing …, 2005

This paper presents the results of a survey on teachers' opinions of GIS and their contribut... more This paper presents the results of a survey on teachers' opinions of GIS and their contribution to develop GIS use in the classrooms in Finland. The survey will provide background data for a larger study with the aim of increasing the peda-gogic effectiveness of GIS use in ...

Research paper thumbnail of Interactive Geographical Information Systems (GIS) Applications for European Upper Secondary Schools

Recent Research Developments in …, 2005

ABSTRACT GISAS (Geographical Information Systems Applications for Schools) is a three-year educat... more ABSTRACT GISAS (Geographical Information Systems Applications for Schools) is a three-year education and re- search project funded by the EU Socrates/Minerva programme aiming at incorporating Geographical In- formation Systems into upper secondary school education across Europe. The GISAS project has partners in nine European countries and it will produce a model on how to unify this incorporation process in Europe. This article describes the pedagogical approach of GISAS project and discusses the effects of in- teractive mapping and querying tools of GIS software on upper secondary school education. The position of GIS in the larger field of Information and Communication Technology is discussed, too. This article provides an introduction to the project itself with descriptions of actors and educational settings. It will also briefly discuss the limitations and possibilities of the educational circumstances where the process of incorporating GIS into the upper secondary school education takes place in Europe. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) were originally developed for land management and scientific purposes. One of the earliest systems founded in the 1960s was the Canada Geographic Information System, which was built for the collection and analysis of land use data and the production of statistics for land use management plans in Canada. GIS technology allows the graphical representation of geo- graphically defined data, which may contain one or more quantitative or qualitative attributes. Several geographically defined graphical objects can be overlaid on one platform at once and the inter- relationship of each object can be analysed by classifying the data statistically or according to the defini- tion of the intensity value or coding number of the grid cell. These features of GIS make it much more than just a computer-based mapping tool. GIS is a system for managing, storing, analysing, modelling and visualising spatial information. Visualisation with GIS usually takes the shape of maps, simulations and 3-D models using satellite or airborne remote sensing imagery, for example. For schools, GIS offers a scientific enquiry tool, which allows the visual learners to gain particular benefit from the mapping process where the students may customize the properties of overlaid map layers to reflect the range of

Research paper thumbnail of Stability Analysis of Competing Insect Species for a Single Resource

Journal of Applied Mathematics, 2014

The models explore the effects of resource and temperature on competition between insect species.... more The models explore the effects of resource and temperature on competition between insect species. A system of differential equations is proposed and analysed qualitatively using stability theory. A local study of the models is performed around axial, planar, and interior equilibrium points to successively estimate the effect of (i) one species interacting with a resource, (ii) two competing species for a single resource, and (iii) three competing species for a single resource. The local stability analysis of the equilibrium is discussed using Routh-Hurwitz criteria. Numerical simulation of the models is performed to investigate the sensitivity of certain key parameters. The models are used to predict population dynamics in the selected cases studied. The results show that when a single species interacts with a resource, the species will be able to establish and sustain a stable population. However, in competing situation, it is observed that the combinations of three parameters (half-saturation, growth rate, and mortality rate) determine which species wins for any given resource. Moreover, our results indicate that each species is the superior competitor for the resource for the range of temperature for which it has the lowest equilibrium resource.

Research paper thumbnail of Local Knowledge contributes to adaptation success in Southern Ethiopia and Zimbabwe

Research paper thumbnail of Finland: Diffusion of GIS in Schools from Local Innovations to the Implementation of a National Curriculum

International Perspectives on Teaching and Learning with GIS in Secondary Schools, 2011

ABSTRACT In this chapter, I provide a brief overview of the status of Geographic Information Syst... more ABSTRACT In this chapter, I provide a brief overview of the status of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the secondary schools of Finland and describe a few projects and activities that partly enhanced the incorporation of GIS in the curricula. This chapter presents a case study on the use of global positioning system (GPS) receivers in lower-secondary school education through a geocaching exercise and concludes with the most recent prospects for learning with GIS in Finland.

Research paper thumbnail of GIS in Teacher Education–Facilitating GIS Applications in Secondary School Geography

Proceedings of the ScanGIS'2003: The 9th …, 2003

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have not yet been widely introduced to secondary school ge... more Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have not yet been widely introduced to secondary school geography education in Finland. However, in the outline of the new national curriculum for upper secondary schools, GIS is incorporated into the elective, advanced geography course. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Beasts on Fields. Human-Wildlife Conflicts in Nature-Culture Borderlands

Human-wildlife conflicts are today an integral part of the rural development discourse. In this r... more Human-wildlife conflicts are today an integral part of the rural development discourse. In this research, the main focus is on the spatial explanation which is not a very common approach in the reviewed literature. My research hypothesis is based on the assumption that ...

Research paper thumbnail of Promoting soil health and productivity in Eastern Arc mountain ecosystems through collaboration and networks

Smallholder farmers in the Taita hills and Mount Kilimanjaro recognize the need to conserve soil ... more Smallholder farmers in the Taita hills and Mount Kilimanjaro recognize the need to conserve soil nutrients of fields and farms located in the upper, middle and lower zones of mountainous areas. These mountain communities depend on rain-fed subsistence agriculture which means that for sustainable subsistence crop production, they also depend on nutrient availability and use efficiency in farming households. A study under way in the area has looked at loss of land cover and infestations of plant pests and diseases and is using this information to raise farmers’ awareness of soil fertility and to introduce best cropping practices.

Research paper thumbnail of Predicting the Impact of Temperature Change on the Future Distribution of Maize Stem Borers and Their Natural Enemies along East African Mountain Gradients Using Phenology Models

PLOS ONE, 2015

Lepidopteran stem borers are among the most important pests of maize in East Africa. The objectiv... more Lepidopteran stem borers are among the most important pests of maize in East Africa. The objective of the present study was to predict the impact of temperature change on the distribution and abundance of the crambid Chilo partellus, the noctuid Busseola fusca, and their larval parasitoids Cotesia flavipes and Cotesia sesamiae at local scale along Kilimanjaro and Taita Hills gradients in Tanzania and Kenya, respectively. Temperature-dependent phenology models of pests and parasitoids were used in a geographic information system for mapping. The three risk indices namely establishment, generation, and activity indices were computed using current temperature data record from local weather stations and future (i.e., 2055) climatic condition based on downscaled climate change data from the AFRICLIM database. The calculations were carried out using index interpolator, a sub-module of the Insect Life Cycle Modeling (ILCYM) software. Thin plate algorithm was used for interpolation of the indices. Our study confirmed that temperature was a key factor explaining the distribution of stem borers and their natural enemies but other climatic factors and factors related to the top-down regulation of pests by parasitoids (host-parasitoid synchrony) also played a role. Results based on temperature only indicated a worsening of stem borer impact on maize production along the two East African mountain gradients studied. This was attributed to three main changes occurring simultaneously: (1) range expansion of the lowland species C. partellus in areas above 1200 m.a.s.l.;

Research paper thumbnail of Teachers' opinions of the incorporation of GIS in the upper secondary schools in Finland

… 2005: Mapping Approaches into a Changing …, 2005

This paper presents the results of a survey on teachers' opinions of GIS and their contribut... more This paper presents the results of a survey on teachers' opinions of GIS and their contribution to develop GIS use in the classrooms in Finland. The survey will provide background data for a larger study with the aim of increasing the peda-gogic effectiveness of GIS use in ...

Research paper thumbnail of Interactive Geographical Information Systems (GIS) Applications for European Upper Secondary Schools

Recent Research Developments in …, 2005

ABSTRACT GISAS (Geographical Information Systems Applications for Schools) is a three-year educat... more ABSTRACT GISAS (Geographical Information Systems Applications for Schools) is a three-year education and re- search project funded by the EU Socrates/Minerva programme aiming at incorporating Geographical In- formation Systems into upper secondary school education across Europe. The GISAS project has partners in nine European countries and it will produce a model on how to unify this incorporation process in Europe. This article describes the pedagogical approach of GISAS project and discusses the effects of in- teractive mapping and querying tools of GIS software on upper secondary school education. The position of GIS in the larger field of Information and Communication Technology is discussed, too. This article provides an introduction to the project itself with descriptions of actors and educational settings. It will also briefly discuss the limitations and possibilities of the educational circumstances where the process of incorporating GIS into the upper secondary school education takes place in Europe. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) were originally developed for land management and scientific purposes. One of the earliest systems founded in the 1960s was the Canada Geographic Information System, which was built for the collection and analysis of land use data and the production of statistics for land use management plans in Canada. GIS technology allows the graphical representation of geo- graphically defined data, which may contain one or more quantitative or qualitative attributes. Several geographically defined graphical objects can be overlaid on one platform at once and the inter- relationship of each object can be analysed by classifying the data statistically or according to the defini- tion of the intensity value or coding number of the grid cell. These features of GIS make it much more than just a computer-based mapping tool. GIS is a system for managing, storing, analysing, modelling and visualising spatial information. Visualisation with GIS usually takes the shape of maps, simulations and 3-D models using satellite or airborne remote sensing imagery, for example. For schools, GIS offers a scientific enquiry tool, which allows the visual learners to gain particular benefit from the mapping process where the students may customize the properties of overlaid map layers to reflect the range of

Research paper thumbnail of Stability Analysis of Competing Insect Species for a Single Resource

Journal of Applied Mathematics, 2014

The models explore the effects of resource and temperature on competition between insect species.... more The models explore the effects of resource and temperature on competition between insect species. A system of differential equations is proposed and analysed qualitatively using stability theory. A local study of the models is performed around axial, planar, and interior equilibrium points to successively estimate the effect of (i) one species interacting with a resource, (ii) two competing species for a single resource, and (iii) three competing species for a single resource. The local stability analysis of the equilibrium is discussed using Routh-Hurwitz criteria. Numerical simulation of the models is performed to investigate the sensitivity of certain key parameters. The models are used to predict population dynamics in the selected cases studied. The results show that when a single species interacts with a resource, the species will be able to establish and sustain a stable population. However, in competing situation, it is observed that the combinations of three parameters (half-saturation, growth rate, and mortality rate) determine which species wins for any given resource. Moreover, our results indicate that each species is the superior competitor for the resource for the range of temperature for which it has the lowest equilibrium resource.