Dalia M Soliman | Helwan University (original) (raw)

Papers by Dalia M Soliman

Research paper thumbnail of THE IMPACT OF AIRCRAFT CABIN DIGITALIZATION ON IMPROVING PASSENGER EXPERIENCE IN EGYPTAIR

THE IMPACT OF AIRCRAFT CABIN DIGITALIZATION ON IMPROVING PASSENGER EXPERIENCE IN EGYPTAIR, 2023

This study aims to investigate the impact of aircraft cabin digitalization (smart electronically ... more This study aims to investigate the impact of aircraft cabin digitalization (smart electronically dimmable windows, intelligent seats, smart overhead bins, radio-frequency identification tags for luggage tracking, futuristic intelligent seats, and inflight virtual reality) on improving the inflight passenger experience in EgyptAir, as well as measuring passengers' interest in using digital cabins. Furthermore, exploring passengers' intention to pay to use digital services, including futuristic intelligent seats, inflight virtual reality, and radio frequency identification tags for tracking luggage. To meet the research goals, a structured survey was designed and distributed among Egyptian frequent travelers in EgyptAir. A total of 311 complete surveys were collected and analyzed. Results indicated the high interest of Egyptian passengers in using the digital aircraft cabins in EgyptAir due to its significant impact on improving their inflight experience. Furthermore, analyses revealed the high intention of Egyptian passengers to pay to use inflight virtual reality and futuristic intelligent seats. However, they showed a moderate intention to pay to use radio frequency identification tags for tracking luggage.

Research paper thumbnail of THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCER'S CREDIBILITY ON THE TRAVEL INTENTIONS OF THE EGYPTIAN MILLENNIALS: APPLIED TO DOMESTIC TOURISM

THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCER’S CREDIBILITY ON THE TRAVEL INTENTIONS OF THE EGYPTIAN MILLENNIALS: APPLIED TO DOMESTIC TOURISM, 2023

This study aims to fill the gap in the current influencer marketing literature by analyzing the i... more This study aims to fill the gap in the current influencer marketing literature by analyzing the impact of social media influencers (SMIs) credibility on the domestic travel intentions of Egyptian millennials.An online questionnaire was distributed to a convenience sample of 581 Egyptian millennials to collect primary data. The results indicate that the three dimensions of a SMI's credibility (trustworthiness, attractiveness, and expertise) have a positive impact on the domestic travel intentions of Egyptian millennials. Moreover, the findings point out that all of SMI's credibility elements have a significant effect on domestic travel intentions except for SMI's expertise, which is considered the credibility dimension least affecting the domestic travel intentions of Egyptian millennials.The findings of this study enrich the influencer marketing field in the context of tourism as well as help the destination management organizations (DMOs) and travel agencies select the most persuasive SMIs that can positively influence millennials' travel intentions, specifically in light of the current emphasis on integrating SMIs as one of their marketing techniques.

Research paper thumbnail of Do I Know My Lecturer? Lecturer-Student Interaction in Tourism Higher Education Blended Learning in COVID-19 Era: The Case of Egypt

Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education

The current study investigates the effect of lecturer-student interaction-related variables (acad... more The current study investigates the effect of lecturer-student interaction-related variables (academic interaction, non-academic interaction, and interaction with a masked lecturer) on the student's overall satisfaction. A questionnaire was distributed to 472 tourism students at one of the Egyptian universities. The findings indicated that the pivot to blended learning diminished the quality of interactions between students and lecturers, but overall, that effect was not observed to have a substantial negative effect on students' overall satisfaction. The students accepted the need to be remote, so they adapted their expectations. Theoretical and practical implications are provided for tourism institutions and educators.

Research paper thumbnail of The Atmospheric Elements of the Egyptian Museums and Their Effect on the Egyptians' Intentions to Revisit

GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites

This study aims to fill the salient gap in the area of museums' atmospheric elements by exami... more This study aims to fill the salient gap in the area of museums' atmospheric elements by examining their effect on the Egyptian visitors’ behavioral outcomes and the resulting effect on their intention to revisit the museum. An online questionnaire was distributed to a convenient sample of the Egyptian museums' visitors (346 respondents) to gather and analyze primary data along with analyzing the secondary data (literature). The results confirmed that museum's atmospheric elements have a positive and significant effect on the visitors’ experiences. This resulted in positive behavioral outcomes that consequently affected the Egyptian visitors’ intention to revisit the museum. This study investigates the importance of taking the physical design and atmospheric elements into consideration by the museum curators and managers, especially during the current phase in Egypt where various museum renewals and constructions are being held.

Research paper thumbnail of Managing Visitors Via Demarketing in The Egyptian World Heritage Site: Giza Pyramids

Journal of Association of Arab Universities For Tourism and Hospitality, 2010

This study seeks to examine the demarketing techniques applied at Giza Pyramids in Egypt as a par... more This study seeks to examine the demarketing techniques applied at Giza Pyramids in Egypt as a part of a comprehensive management plan to cope with the large pressure of visitors. This World Heritage Site was selected because it is the most domestic and international popular historic site in Egypt. In the course of this study related issues have been discussed: the concept and types of carrying capacity, visitors management techniques and demarketing as a management tool. The findings of the research indicated that although conservation induces applying different tools of demarketing, the economic desirable impacts of tourism -specially in developing countries- prevent or at least postpone the application of some other tools. Results indicated also that the mangers of the investigated site focus mainly on managing the visitor behavior rather than on controlling the visitors’ number. The research provides recommendations for actions that could improve the management of this historical site.

Research paper thumbnail of Compensation Systems and Their Effects on Employees' Satisfaction at Tour Operators in Egypt

Compensation issues as a human resource function have a significant effect on employees' ... more Compensation issues as a human resource function have a significant effect on employees' satisfaction, both economically and psychologically, in other words compensation systems influence both job satisfaction and employee motivation. This research first examines relevant literature on compensation policies, their objectives, factors they are affected by, types and systems in addition to the effect of compensation on employees' satisfaction. The research then investigates the compensation systems applied at tour operators in Egypt and their effects on employees' satisfaction. Results indicated that although the majority of the employees are satisfied with their salaries, they do not feel that fairness and equity are addressed at their firms' pay systems. However, incentives are used and the employees are almost satisfied with them. Although benefits are offered to the majority of the employees, they gave low importance to this type of compensation. They stated also that the policy of pay secrecy adopted at their firms doesn't affect their trust. Recommendations for actions which could improve compensation systems are suggested in this study, and a further research is recommended too.

Research paper thumbnail of 1- Entrepreneurial Intention Among Tourismundergraduate Students in Egypt

This study aims at investigating the effects of film on the perceived image of the domestic desti... more This study aims at investigating the effects of film on the perceived image of the domestic destination portrayed in the film, and it offers insight to understand the recently emerging field of film-induced tourism. Films have the potential to offer fantastic marketing opportunities as they are acting as virtual holiday brochures. A strong film industry also helps in successful film tourism, whether on the domestic or the regional scale. The literature review revealed that little is known about the effect of film on domestic tourism. Furthermore, there is a shortage of research into Eastern settings where the film is not in English; there is also a deficiency of studies on the issue of filminduced tourism in the Middle East region. The current study aims at filling this gap and contributes to the existing film-induced tourism literature by assessing the perception of a domestic tourist destination before and after watching a film features this destination. For fulfilling this aim a ...

Research paper thumbnail of The Influences of Modern Technologies on Generations' Job Satisfaction: Luxor Hotels Case Study

International Journal of Heritage, Tourism, and Hospitality, 2016

The technology had various impacts on each generation. For instance Generation Y was described as... more The technology had various impacts on each generation. For instance Generation Y was described as technology oriented. Other generations had different engagement levels. This research investigated technology impacts on hoteliers' generations' job satisfaction in Luxor. The Study investigated the influences of modern technologies on job satisfaction at three generations (Boomers, Gen X and Gen Y) in five-star hotels in Luxor. The study used a mixed research approach. Case study methodology was used, to reveal the relationship between technology and different generations' satisfaction. Semi structured Interviews were undertaken with managers. Thirty five interviews were made. Four hundred and sixty labor surveys were distributed. Discourse analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Quantitative data was statistically analyzed. The results and discussions developed a set of recommendations for hoteliers. The study findings revealed generational differences in the invest...

Research paper thumbnail of Entrepreneural intention among tourism undergraduate students in Egypt

Research paper thumbnail of Entrepreneurial Intention Among Tourism Undergraduate Students in Egypt

Tourism Analysis, 2011

This study examines entrepreneurial intention of undergraduate tourism students in Egypt and the ... more This study examines entrepreneurial intention of undergraduate tourism students in Egypt and the effect of specific beliefs and subjective norms on this intention. It also investigates students' perceived motives and barriers to entrepreneurship. Although there have been many studies handling students entrepreneurial intention, only a limited number of studies have focused on tourism students' entrepreneurial intention, and it is worth noting that from an educational perspective, investigating entrepreneurial intention of tourism students may play a role in the design of tourism curricula. Furthermore, there is a shortage of studies explicating entrepreneurial intention in the Middle East countries. Thus, the current study helps in filling this gap. A sample of undergraduate tourism students in Egypt was surveyed. Results showed that the majority of students have intention to start their own business after graduation. They perceive that lack of entrepreneurial education is t...

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the role of film in promoting domestic tourism: A case study of Al Fayoum, Egypt

Journal of Vacation Marketing, 2011

This study aims at investigating the effects of film on the perceived image of the domestic desti... more This study aims at investigating the effects of film on the perceived image of the domestic destination portrayed in the film, and it offers insight to understand the recently emerging field of film-induced tourism. Films have the potential to offer fantastic marketing opportunities as they act as virtual holiday brochures. A strong film industry also helps in successful film tourism, whether on the domestic or the regional scale. The literature review revealed that little is known about the effect of film on domestic tourism. Furthermore, there is a shortage of research into eastern settings where the film is not in English; there is also a deficiency of studies on the issue of film-induced tourism in the Middle East region. The current study aims at filling this gap and contributes to the existing film-induced tourism literature by assessing the perception of a domestic tourist destination before and after watching a film featuring this destination. To fulfill this aim, a question...

Research paper thumbnail of Do I know my lecturer? Lecturer-student interaction in tourism higher education blended learning in COVID-19 era: The case of Egypt

Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education, 2023

The current study investigates the effect of lecturer-student interaction-related variables (acad... more The current study investigates the effect of lecturer-student interaction-related variables (academic interaction, non-academic interaction, and interaction with a masked lecturer) on the student's overall satisfaction. A questionnaire was distributed to 472 tourism students at one of the Egyptian universities. The findings indicated that the pivot to blended learning diminished the quality of interactions between students and lecturers, but overall, that effect was not observed to have a substantial negative effect on students' overall satisfaction. The students accepted the need to be remote, so they adapted their expectations. Theoretical and practical implications are provided for tourism institutions and educators.

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the role of film in promoting domestic tourism: A case study of Al Fayoum, Egypt

Journal of Vacation Marketing, 2011

Abstract This study aims at investigating the effects of film on the perceived image of the domes... more Abstract
This study aims at investigating the effects of film on the perceived image of the domestic destination
portrayed in the film, and it offers insight to understand the recently emerging field of film-induced
tourism. Films have the potential to offer fantastic marketing opportunities as they act as virtual holiday
brochures. A strong film industry also helps in successful film tourism, whether on the domestic or the
regional scale. The literature review revealed that little is known about the effect of film on domestic
tourism. Furthermore, there is a shortage of research into eastern settings where the film is not in
English; there is also a deficiency of studies on the issue of film-induced tourism in the Middle East
region. The current study aims at filling this gap and contributes to the existing film-induced tourism
literature by assessing the perception of a domestic tourist destination before and after watching a film
featuring this destination. To fulfill this aim, a questionnaire containing 19 image attributes drawn from
the literature was designed and a paired sample t-test on these attributes was applied. The study also
examines the influence of the different film elements on the tendency to visit the filmed location. The
findings of the study generally affirm the notion that films could positively affect audiences’ perceptions
of domestic destination in various ways. Practical implications and succeeding research directions are
highlighted.
Keywords
domestic tourism, film-induced tourism, perceived image, product placement

Research paper thumbnail of Do Safety Measures Implement Tourist’s Choice for Tourist Destinations.doc

tourismos

Crime was associated with travel centuries ago, even prior to the development of modern mass tour... more Crime was associated with travel centuries ago, even prior to the development of modern mass tourism. In earlier days, crimes like assault, battery, robbery, mugging, and stagecoach holdups were very common parts of the travel experience. However, with the development of tourism as a major global industry, increased concern about visitors’ safety became paramount particularly in developed nations. In Europe and North America - for instance - travel advisories are routinely issued warning citizens to avoid countries and airports where incidents of security take place. Besides, operators in hospitality and travel industries also tend to issue regular travel safety pamphlets to alert tourists to possible criminal activity in host destinations. Accordingly, when incidents of security such as crime, terrorism, wars, riots and/or civil unrest occur in a particular destination, the image of the destination is affected and tourist arrivals decline regardless whether the victims were tourists or local residents who have nothing to do with the tourism industry.
The current study aimed at identifying the attributes of tourism criminal incidents in Egypt and examining the impact of such incidents on visitors' perceptions of and decisions for visiting and/or revisiting the Egyptian destination. The study included two phases of data collection, analysis and interpretation. The first phase focused on identifying the different acts of tourism crime in Egypt through the analysis and interpretation of secondary data derived from the records of the Egyptian tourism police authority over three consecutive years while the second, phase focused on exploring visitors' perceptions of and decisions for visiting and/or revisiting an affected destination through the implementation of the survey method. Finally, the study ends up with proposing some travel safety recommendations that could be helpful in alerting both visitors and operators in the hospitality and travel industry to possible criminal incidents in the Egyptian destination and the means of avoiding and/or overcoming such incidents.
Key words: tourism - crime - destination - visitation – image.

Research paper thumbnail of Managers' Perspective towards Employees' Generational Differences in Luxor Hotels

International Journal on Recent Trends in Business and Tourism, 2017

Luxor hospitality workplace consists of three generations of employees (Baby Boomers, Generation ... more Luxor hospitality workplace consists of three generations of employees (Baby Boomers, Generation X, and
Generation Y). This study aims at investigating managers' perspectives on issues of employees'
generational differences at Luxor hospitality workplace. It targets all 5-star hotels in the city of Luxor. Semistructured
interviews are undertaken with 38 departmental managers and assistant managers (the food and
beverage department, room division and human resource department). The managers' perceptions
(knowledge and experiences) are required to deeply highlight the generational differences among the
employees in their expectations, attitudes, and behaviors in eight dimensions. The study shows that Luxor
hoteliers face different expectations, attitudes, and behaviors among their employees. These differences are
connected to the generational differences of employees indicating the fact that each generation has different
expectations, attitudes, and behavior in the workplace.

Research paper thumbnail of The Influences of Modern Technologies on Generations' Job Satisfaction: Luxor Hotels Case Study

Journal of Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Fayoum University, 2013

Abstract The technology had various impacts on each generation. For instance Generation Y was des... more Abstract
The technology had various impacts on each generation. For instance Generation Y was
described as technology oriented. Other generations had different engagement levels. This
research investigated technology impacts on hoteliers' generations' job satisfaction in Luxor. The
Study investigated the influences of modern technologies on job satisfaction at three generations
(Boomers, Gen X and Gen Y) in five-star hotels in Luxor. The study used a mixed research
approach. Case study methodology was used, to reveal the relationship between technology and
different generations' satisfaction. Semi structured Interviews were undertaken with managers.
Thirty five interviews were made. Four hundred and sixty labor surveys were distributed.
Discourse analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Quantitative data was statistically
analyzed. The results and discussions developed a set of recommendations for hoteliers. The
study findings revealed generational differences in the investigated point.

Research paper thumbnail of Is it Possible for Tour Operators in Egypt to Introduce Service Satisfaction Guarantee?

World Journal of Tourism, Leisure and Sports, 2009

For holiday purchasers it is a risky decision to choose a travel company for their trip arrangeme... more For holiday purchasers it is a risky decision to choose a travel company for their trip arrangements. Services are intangible and are hard to evaluate before the actual experience. Therefore guarantees are considered a powerful vehicle for reducing the risk of the purchasing decision as well as building long term loyalty. A guarantee is also a valuable and effective tool for quality improvement as it helps in quality assessment and forces the firm to deliver superior quality service. However, despite its proven benefits, it is not easy for travel firms to decide offering guarantees. If the firm fails to deliver what is promised, there will be immediate payouts, and the guarantee in such a case will be a very costly marketing tool. This research aims to explore if it is possible for tour operators in Egypt to offer a service satisfaction guarantee. Therefore the present investigation was oriented to fulfill the following objectives: 1) to determine the perspective of the tour operators in Egypt of the service guarantee as a management and marketing tool, to examine their perception of the features of a successful guarantee and to investigate their tendency to offer a service guarantee, 2) to develop recommendations that assist tour operators in Egypt to introduce an effective and appropriate service guarantee.
Keywords: Risks of guarantee, Unconditional guarantee, Conditional guarantee, Implicit guarantee.
Citation: Soliman, D.M. (2009). Is it Possible for Tour Operators in Egypt to Introduce Service Satisfaction Guarantee?. World Journal of Tourism, Leisure and Sports 3(1) 38-43

Research paper thumbnail of ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION AMONG TOURISM UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN EGYPT

Tourism Analysis,, 2011

This study examines entrepreneurial intention of undergraduate tourism students in Egypt and the ... more This study examines entrepreneurial intention of undergraduate tourism students in Egypt and the effect of specific beliefs and subjective norms on this intention. It also investigates students’ perceived motives and barriers to entrepreneurship. Although there have been many studies handling students entrepreneurial intention, only a limited number of studies have focused on tourism students’ entrepreneurial intention, and it is worth noting that from an educational perspective, investigating entrepreneurial intention of tourism students may play a role in the design of tourism curricula. Furthermore, there is a shortage of studies explicating entrepreneurial intention in the Middle East countries. Thus, the current study helps in filling this gap. A sample of undergraduate tourism students in Egypt was surveyed. Results showed that the majority of students have intention to start their own business after graduation. They perceive that lack of entrepreneurial education is their main barrier to entrepreneurship. Implications for educators and governmental bodies and succeeding research directions are highlighted.

Research paper thumbnail of The perspective of Egyptian travel companies of joint marketing through cross- sector strategic alliance

Journal of Association of Arab Universities For Tourism and Hospitality, 2011

This study seeks to investigate the desire of the Egyptian travel companies for forming alliances... more This study seeks to investigate the desire of the Egyptian travel companies for forming alliances with banks and telecommunication companies, to examine their perspective of SA motives, and to identify their perception of partner selection determinants. In order to achieve these objectives, a sample of travel companies was investigated by a self-administered questionnaire. The results indicated that the most important motive for forming SAs was “enhancing the market position”. Regarding the partner attributes, “excellent image and market position”, “large numbers of distribution channels or branches” and “high buying power and market share” were perceived to be the most important attributes when selecting a partner. The results showed also the high tendency of the participated firms to form alliances with banks and telecommunication companies. Practical recommendations for travel companies to better promote their services and penetrate local and international travel markets are highlighted.
Keywords: strategic alliance, joint marketing, alliance motives, partner attributes.

Research paper thumbnail of Do Safety Measures Implement Tourist's Choice for Tourist Destinations

Research paper thumbnail of THE IMPACT OF AIRCRAFT CABIN DIGITALIZATION ON IMPROVING PASSENGER EXPERIENCE IN EGYPTAIR

THE IMPACT OF AIRCRAFT CABIN DIGITALIZATION ON IMPROVING PASSENGER EXPERIENCE IN EGYPTAIR, 2023

This study aims to investigate the impact of aircraft cabin digitalization (smart electronically ... more This study aims to investigate the impact of aircraft cabin digitalization (smart electronically dimmable windows, intelligent seats, smart overhead bins, radio-frequency identification tags for luggage tracking, futuristic intelligent seats, and inflight virtual reality) on improving the inflight passenger experience in EgyptAir, as well as measuring passengers' interest in using digital cabins. Furthermore, exploring passengers' intention to pay to use digital services, including futuristic intelligent seats, inflight virtual reality, and radio frequency identification tags for tracking luggage. To meet the research goals, a structured survey was designed and distributed among Egyptian frequent travelers in EgyptAir. A total of 311 complete surveys were collected and analyzed. Results indicated the high interest of Egyptian passengers in using the digital aircraft cabins in EgyptAir due to its significant impact on improving their inflight experience. Furthermore, analyses revealed the high intention of Egyptian passengers to pay to use inflight virtual reality and futuristic intelligent seats. However, they showed a moderate intention to pay to use radio frequency identification tags for tracking luggage.

Research paper thumbnail of THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCER'S CREDIBILITY ON THE TRAVEL INTENTIONS OF THE EGYPTIAN MILLENNIALS: APPLIED TO DOMESTIC TOURISM

THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCER’S CREDIBILITY ON THE TRAVEL INTENTIONS OF THE EGYPTIAN MILLENNIALS: APPLIED TO DOMESTIC TOURISM, 2023

This study aims to fill the gap in the current influencer marketing literature by analyzing the i... more This study aims to fill the gap in the current influencer marketing literature by analyzing the impact of social media influencers (SMIs) credibility on the domestic travel intentions of Egyptian millennials.An online questionnaire was distributed to a convenience sample of 581 Egyptian millennials to collect primary data. The results indicate that the three dimensions of a SMI's credibility (trustworthiness, attractiveness, and expertise) have a positive impact on the domestic travel intentions of Egyptian millennials. Moreover, the findings point out that all of SMI's credibility elements have a significant effect on domestic travel intentions except for SMI's expertise, which is considered the credibility dimension least affecting the domestic travel intentions of Egyptian millennials.The findings of this study enrich the influencer marketing field in the context of tourism as well as help the destination management organizations (DMOs) and travel agencies select the most persuasive SMIs that can positively influence millennials' travel intentions, specifically in light of the current emphasis on integrating SMIs as one of their marketing techniques.

Research paper thumbnail of Do I Know My Lecturer? Lecturer-Student Interaction in Tourism Higher Education Blended Learning in COVID-19 Era: The Case of Egypt

Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education

The current study investigates the effect of lecturer-student interaction-related variables (acad... more The current study investigates the effect of lecturer-student interaction-related variables (academic interaction, non-academic interaction, and interaction with a masked lecturer) on the student's overall satisfaction. A questionnaire was distributed to 472 tourism students at one of the Egyptian universities. The findings indicated that the pivot to blended learning diminished the quality of interactions between students and lecturers, but overall, that effect was not observed to have a substantial negative effect on students' overall satisfaction. The students accepted the need to be remote, so they adapted their expectations. Theoretical and practical implications are provided for tourism institutions and educators.

Research paper thumbnail of The Atmospheric Elements of the Egyptian Museums and Their Effect on the Egyptians' Intentions to Revisit

GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites

This study aims to fill the salient gap in the area of museums' atmospheric elements by exami... more This study aims to fill the salient gap in the area of museums' atmospheric elements by examining their effect on the Egyptian visitors’ behavioral outcomes and the resulting effect on their intention to revisit the museum. An online questionnaire was distributed to a convenient sample of the Egyptian museums' visitors (346 respondents) to gather and analyze primary data along with analyzing the secondary data (literature). The results confirmed that museum's atmospheric elements have a positive and significant effect on the visitors’ experiences. This resulted in positive behavioral outcomes that consequently affected the Egyptian visitors’ intention to revisit the museum. This study investigates the importance of taking the physical design and atmospheric elements into consideration by the museum curators and managers, especially during the current phase in Egypt where various museum renewals and constructions are being held.

Research paper thumbnail of Managing Visitors Via Demarketing in The Egyptian World Heritage Site: Giza Pyramids

Journal of Association of Arab Universities For Tourism and Hospitality, 2010

This study seeks to examine the demarketing techniques applied at Giza Pyramids in Egypt as a par... more This study seeks to examine the demarketing techniques applied at Giza Pyramids in Egypt as a part of a comprehensive management plan to cope with the large pressure of visitors. This World Heritage Site was selected because it is the most domestic and international popular historic site in Egypt. In the course of this study related issues have been discussed: the concept and types of carrying capacity, visitors management techniques and demarketing as a management tool. The findings of the research indicated that although conservation induces applying different tools of demarketing, the economic desirable impacts of tourism -specially in developing countries- prevent or at least postpone the application of some other tools. Results indicated also that the mangers of the investigated site focus mainly on managing the visitor behavior rather than on controlling the visitors’ number. The research provides recommendations for actions that could improve the management of this historical site.

Research paper thumbnail of Compensation Systems and Their Effects on Employees' Satisfaction at Tour Operators in Egypt

Compensation issues as a human resource function have a significant effect on employees' ... more Compensation issues as a human resource function have a significant effect on employees' satisfaction, both economically and psychologically, in other words compensation systems influence both job satisfaction and employee motivation. This research first examines relevant literature on compensation policies, their objectives, factors they are affected by, types and systems in addition to the effect of compensation on employees' satisfaction. The research then investigates the compensation systems applied at tour operators in Egypt and their effects on employees' satisfaction. Results indicated that although the majority of the employees are satisfied with their salaries, they do not feel that fairness and equity are addressed at their firms' pay systems. However, incentives are used and the employees are almost satisfied with them. Although benefits are offered to the majority of the employees, they gave low importance to this type of compensation. They stated also that the policy of pay secrecy adopted at their firms doesn't affect their trust. Recommendations for actions which could improve compensation systems are suggested in this study, and a further research is recommended too.

Research paper thumbnail of 1- Entrepreneurial Intention Among Tourismundergraduate Students in Egypt

This study aims at investigating the effects of film on the perceived image of the domestic desti... more This study aims at investigating the effects of film on the perceived image of the domestic destination portrayed in the film, and it offers insight to understand the recently emerging field of film-induced tourism. Films have the potential to offer fantastic marketing opportunities as they are acting as virtual holiday brochures. A strong film industry also helps in successful film tourism, whether on the domestic or the regional scale. The literature review revealed that little is known about the effect of film on domestic tourism. Furthermore, there is a shortage of research into Eastern settings where the film is not in English; there is also a deficiency of studies on the issue of filminduced tourism in the Middle East region. The current study aims at filling this gap and contributes to the existing film-induced tourism literature by assessing the perception of a domestic tourist destination before and after watching a film features this destination. For fulfilling this aim a ...

Research paper thumbnail of The Influences of Modern Technologies on Generations' Job Satisfaction: Luxor Hotels Case Study

International Journal of Heritage, Tourism, and Hospitality, 2016

The technology had various impacts on each generation. For instance Generation Y was described as... more The technology had various impacts on each generation. For instance Generation Y was described as technology oriented. Other generations had different engagement levels. This research investigated technology impacts on hoteliers' generations' job satisfaction in Luxor. The Study investigated the influences of modern technologies on job satisfaction at three generations (Boomers, Gen X and Gen Y) in five-star hotels in Luxor. The study used a mixed research approach. Case study methodology was used, to reveal the relationship between technology and different generations' satisfaction. Semi structured Interviews were undertaken with managers. Thirty five interviews were made. Four hundred and sixty labor surveys were distributed. Discourse analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Quantitative data was statistically analyzed. The results and discussions developed a set of recommendations for hoteliers. The study findings revealed generational differences in the invest...

Research paper thumbnail of Entrepreneural intention among tourism undergraduate students in Egypt

Research paper thumbnail of Entrepreneurial Intention Among Tourism Undergraduate Students in Egypt

Tourism Analysis, 2011

This study examines entrepreneurial intention of undergraduate tourism students in Egypt and the ... more This study examines entrepreneurial intention of undergraduate tourism students in Egypt and the effect of specific beliefs and subjective norms on this intention. It also investigates students' perceived motives and barriers to entrepreneurship. Although there have been many studies handling students entrepreneurial intention, only a limited number of studies have focused on tourism students' entrepreneurial intention, and it is worth noting that from an educational perspective, investigating entrepreneurial intention of tourism students may play a role in the design of tourism curricula. Furthermore, there is a shortage of studies explicating entrepreneurial intention in the Middle East countries. Thus, the current study helps in filling this gap. A sample of undergraduate tourism students in Egypt was surveyed. Results showed that the majority of students have intention to start their own business after graduation. They perceive that lack of entrepreneurial education is t...

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the role of film in promoting domestic tourism: A case study of Al Fayoum, Egypt

Journal of Vacation Marketing, 2011

This study aims at investigating the effects of film on the perceived image of the domestic desti... more This study aims at investigating the effects of film on the perceived image of the domestic destination portrayed in the film, and it offers insight to understand the recently emerging field of film-induced tourism. Films have the potential to offer fantastic marketing opportunities as they act as virtual holiday brochures. A strong film industry also helps in successful film tourism, whether on the domestic or the regional scale. The literature review revealed that little is known about the effect of film on domestic tourism. Furthermore, there is a shortage of research into eastern settings where the film is not in English; there is also a deficiency of studies on the issue of film-induced tourism in the Middle East region. The current study aims at filling this gap and contributes to the existing film-induced tourism literature by assessing the perception of a domestic tourist destination before and after watching a film featuring this destination. To fulfill this aim, a question...

Research paper thumbnail of Do I know my lecturer? Lecturer-student interaction in tourism higher education blended learning in COVID-19 era: The case of Egypt

Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education, 2023

The current study investigates the effect of lecturer-student interaction-related variables (acad... more The current study investigates the effect of lecturer-student interaction-related variables (academic interaction, non-academic interaction, and interaction with a masked lecturer) on the student's overall satisfaction. A questionnaire was distributed to 472 tourism students at one of the Egyptian universities. The findings indicated that the pivot to blended learning diminished the quality of interactions between students and lecturers, but overall, that effect was not observed to have a substantial negative effect on students' overall satisfaction. The students accepted the need to be remote, so they adapted their expectations. Theoretical and practical implications are provided for tourism institutions and educators.

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the role of film in promoting domestic tourism: A case study of Al Fayoum, Egypt

Journal of Vacation Marketing, 2011

Abstract This study aims at investigating the effects of film on the perceived image of the domes... more Abstract
This study aims at investigating the effects of film on the perceived image of the domestic destination
portrayed in the film, and it offers insight to understand the recently emerging field of film-induced
tourism. Films have the potential to offer fantastic marketing opportunities as they act as virtual holiday
brochures. A strong film industry also helps in successful film tourism, whether on the domestic or the
regional scale. The literature review revealed that little is known about the effect of film on domestic
tourism. Furthermore, there is a shortage of research into eastern settings where the film is not in
English; there is also a deficiency of studies on the issue of film-induced tourism in the Middle East
region. The current study aims at filling this gap and contributes to the existing film-induced tourism
literature by assessing the perception of a domestic tourist destination before and after watching a film
featuring this destination. To fulfill this aim, a questionnaire containing 19 image attributes drawn from
the literature was designed and a paired sample t-test on these attributes was applied. The study also
examines the influence of the different film elements on the tendency to visit the filmed location. The
findings of the study generally affirm the notion that films could positively affect audiences’ perceptions
of domestic destination in various ways. Practical implications and succeeding research directions are
highlighted.
Keywords
domestic tourism, film-induced tourism, perceived image, product placement

Research paper thumbnail of Do Safety Measures Implement Tourist’s Choice for Tourist Destinations.doc

tourismos

Crime was associated with travel centuries ago, even prior to the development of modern mass tour... more Crime was associated with travel centuries ago, even prior to the development of modern mass tourism. In earlier days, crimes like assault, battery, robbery, mugging, and stagecoach holdups were very common parts of the travel experience. However, with the development of tourism as a major global industry, increased concern about visitors’ safety became paramount particularly in developed nations. In Europe and North America - for instance - travel advisories are routinely issued warning citizens to avoid countries and airports where incidents of security take place. Besides, operators in hospitality and travel industries also tend to issue regular travel safety pamphlets to alert tourists to possible criminal activity in host destinations. Accordingly, when incidents of security such as crime, terrorism, wars, riots and/or civil unrest occur in a particular destination, the image of the destination is affected and tourist arrivals decline regardless whether the victims were tourists or local residents who have nothing to do with the tourism industry.
The current study aimed at identifying the attributes of tourism criminal incidents in Egypt and examining the impact of such incidents on visitors' perceptions of and decisions for visiting and/or revisiting the Egyptian destination. The study included two phases of data collection, analysis and interpretation. The first phase focused on identifying the different acts of tourism crime in Egypt through the analysis and interpretation of secondary data derived from the records of the Egyptian tourism police authority over three consecutive years while the second, phase focused on exploring visitors' perceptions of and decisions for visiting and/or revisiting an affected destination through the implementation of the survey method. Finally, the study ends up with proposing some travel safety recommendations that could be helpful in alerting both visitors and operators in the hospitality and travel industry to possible criminal incidents in the Egyptian destination and the means of avoiding and/or overcoming such incidents.
Key words: tourism - crime - destination - visitation – image.

Research paper thumbnail of Managers' Perspective towards Employees' Generational Differences in Luxor Hotels

International Journal on Recent Trends in Business and Tourism, 2017

Luxor hospitality workplace consists of three generations of employees (Baby Boomers, Generation ... more Luxor hospitality workplace consists of three generations of employees (Baby Boomers, Generation X, and
Generation Y). This study aims at investigating managers' perspectives on issues of employees'
generational differences at Luxor hospitality workplace. It targets all 5-star hotels in the city of Luxor. Semistructured
interviews are undertaken with 38 departmental managers and assistant managers (the food and
beverage department, room division and human resource department). The managers' perceptions
(knowledge and experiences) are required to deeply highlight the generational differences among the
employees in their expectations, attitudes, and behaviors in eight dimensions. The study shows that Luxor
hoteliers face different expectations, attitudes, and behaviors among their employees. These differences are
connected to the generational differences of employees indicating the fact that each generation has different
expectations, attitudes, and behavior in the workplace.

Research paper thumbnail of The Influences of Modern Technologies on Generations' Job Satisfaction: Luxor Hotels Case Study

Journal of Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Fayoum University, 2013

Abstract The technology had various impacts on each generation. For instance Generation Y was des... more Abstract
The technology had various impacts on each generation. For instance Generation Y was
described as technology oriented. Other generations had different engagement levels. This
research investigated technology impacts on hoteliers' generations' job satisfaction in Luxor. The
Study investigated the influences of modern technologies on job satisfaction at three generations
(Boomers, Gen X and Gen Y) in five-star hotels in Luxor. The study used a mixed research
approach. Case study methodology was used, to reveal the relationship between technology and
different generations' satisfaction. Semi structured Interviews were undertaken with managers.
Thirty five interviews were made. Four hundred and sixty labor surveys were distributed.
Discourse analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Quantitative data was statistically
analyzed. The results and discussions developed a set of recommendations for hoteliers. The
study findings revealed generational differences in the investigated point.

Research paper thumbnail of Is it Possible for Tour Operators in Egypt to Introduce Service Satisfaction Guarantee?

World Journal of Tourism, Leisure and Sports, 2009

For holiday purchasers it is a risky decision to choose a travel company for their trip arrangeme... more For holiday purchasers it is a risky decision to choose a travel company for their trip arrangements. Services are intangible and are hard to evaluate before the actual experience. Therefore guarantees are considered a powerful vehicle for reducing the risk of the purchasing decision as well as building long term loyalty. A guarantee is also a valuable and effective tool for quality improvement as it helps in quality assessment and forces the firm to deliver superior quality service. However, despite its proven benefits, it is not easy for travel firms to decide offering guarantees. If the firm fails to deliver what is promised, there will be immediate payouts, and the guarantee in such a case will be a very costly marketing tool. This research aims to explore if it is possible for tour operators in Egypt to offer a service satisfaction guarantee. Therefore the present investigation was oriented to fulfill the following objectives: 1) to determine the perspective of the tour operators in Egypt of the service guarantee as a management and marketing tool, to examine their perception of the features of a successful guarantee and to investigate their tendency to offer a service guarantee, 2) to develop recommendations that assist tour operators in Egypt to introduce an effective and appropriate service guarantee.
Keywords: Risks of guarantee, Unconditional guarantee, Conditional guarantee, Implicit guarantee.
Citation: Soliman, D.M. (2009). Is it Possible for Tour Operators in Egypt to Introduce Service Satisfaction Guarantee?. World Journal of Tourism, Leisure and Sports 3(1) 38-43

Research paper thumbnail of ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION AMONG TOURISM UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN EGYPT

Tourism Analysis,, 2011

This study examines entrepreneurial intention of undergraduate tourism students in Egypt and the ... more This study examines entrepreneurial intention of undergraduate tourism students in Egypt and the effect of specific beliefs and subjective norms on this intention. It also investigates students’ perceived motives and barriers to entrepreneurship. Although there have been many studies handling students entrepreneurial intention, only a limited number of studies have focused on tourism students’ entrepreneurial intention, and it is worth noting that from an educational perspective, investigating entrepreneurial intention of tourism students may play a role in the design of tourism curricula. Furthermore, there is a shortage of studies explicating entrepreneurial intention in the Middle East countries. Thus, the current study helps in filling this gap. A sample of undergraduate tourism students in Egypt was surveyed. Results showed that the majority of students have intention to start their own business after graduation. They perceive that lack of entrepreneurial education is their main barrier to entrepreneurship. Implications for educators and governmental bodies and succeeding research directions are highlighted.

Research paper thumbnail of The perspective of Egyptian travel companies of joint marketing through cross- sector strategic alliance

Journal of Association of Arab Universities For Tourism and Hospitality, 2011

This study seeks to investigate the desire of the Egyptian travel companies for forming alliances... more This study seeks to investigate the desire of the Egyptian travel companies for forming alliances with banks and telecommunication companies, to examine their perspective of SA motives, and to identify their perception of partner selection determinants. In order to achieve these objectives, a sample of travel companies was investigated by a self-administered questionnaire. The results indicated that the most important motive for forming SAs was “enhancing the market position”. Regarding the partner attributes, “excellent image and market position”, “large numbers of distribution channels or branches” and “high buying power and market share” were perceived to be the most important attributes when selecting a partner. The results showed also the high tendency of the participated firms to form alliances with banks and telecommunication companies. Practical recommendations for travel companies to better promote their services and penetrate local and international travel markets are highlighted.
Keywords: strategic alliance, joint marketing, alliance motives, partner attributes.

Research paper thumbnail of Do Safety Measures Implement Tourist's Choice for Tourist Destinations