Melike Şahinol | University of Applied Sciences Munich (original) (raw)

Papers by Melike Şahinol

Research paper thumbnail of Hair:y_less Masculinities: A Cartography

* "Somatechnics highlights the reciprocal bond between the sôma and the techné of 'the body' and ... more * "Somatechnics highlights the reciprocal bond between the sôma and the techné of 'the body' and the techniques in which bodies are formed and transformed as crafted responses to the world around us." 1

Research paper thumbnail of Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Technikgeschichte (GTG) 2009 „Geschichte(n) der Robotik“

Technikgeschichte, 2010

Technikgeschichte, umriss Catarina Caetano da Rosa für den Programmausschuss der GTG die Relevanz... more Technikgeschichte, umriss Catarina Caetano da Rosa für den Programmausschuss der GTG die Relevanz des Themas "Geschichte(n) der Robotik" für die Technikgeschichte. Ziel der Tagung sei, das Verhältnis zwischen Mensch und Maschine darzustellen und zu analysieren. Die Geschichte "selbsttätiger Maschinen" kann bis in das antike Griechenland und das Wort "Robotik" bis ins 14. Jahrhundert zurückgeführt werden. Jedoch wurde das Wort "Roboter" erst in den 1920er Jahren durch Karel Capek populär, der den Begriff in seinem Drama "R.U.R." für selbstständige Maschinen (Roboter) "um Menschen die Arbeit zu erleichtern und abzunehmen" einführte. So sind "Geschichte(n) der Robotik" für die Technikgeschichte von großer Bedeutung, wollen sie doch unter anderem "die Beziehung zwischen Mensch und Maschine verstehen". Dabei gilt es zu untersuchen, in welchen Bereichen und für welche Aufgaben diese Maschinen eingesetzt wurden und welche Außenwirkung selbige auf den Menschen, die Gesellschaft und umgekehrt hatten. Jan Müggenburg (Wien) sowie Eric Lettkemann und Martin Meister (beide Berlin) näherten sich "Wissensgeschichten der Robotik". Ausgehend von Martin Caidins Roman Cyborg untersuchte Müggenburg in seinem Vortrag "Die Menschmaschine. Bionik und Kybernetik in Science and Fiction" die Darstellung von Bionik in beiden Bereichen. Die Figur des Cyborg ging in den 1960er Jahren aus drei technologischen Wissensfiguren hervor: dem "prosthetic man", dem Gliedmaßen durch Prothesen ersetzt wurden, dem "amplified man", dessen technische Gliedmaßen die natürlichen in schweren Arbeiten unterstützten, und dem "closed cycle man", der Teil eines technischen Mechanismus war und sich nicht mehr anpassen musste. Gemeinsam war ihnen die Voraussetzung von Technologien, die kompatibel mit dem

Research paper thumbnail of Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Technikgeschichte (GTG) 2009 „Geschichte(n) der Robotik“

Technikgeschichte, 2010

Technikgeschichte, umriss Catarina Caetano da Rosa für den Programmausschuss der GTG die Relevanz... more Technikgeschichte, umriss Catarina Caetano da Rosa für den Programmausschuss der GTG die Relevanz des Themas "Geschichte(n) der Robotik" für die Technikgeschichte. Ziel der Tagung sei, das Verhältnis zwischen Mensch und Maschine darzustellen und zu analysieren. Die Geschichte "selbsttätiger Maschinen" kann bis in das antike Griechenland und das Wort "Robotik" bis ins 14. Jahrhundert zurückgeführt werden. Jedoch wurde das Wort "Roboter" erst in den 1920er Jahren durch Karel Capek populär, der den Begriff in seinem Drama "R.U.R." für selbstständige Maschinen (Roboter) "um Menschen die Arbeit zu erleichtern und abzunehmen" einführte. So sind "Geschichte(n) der Robotik" für die Technikgeschichte von großer Bedeutung, wollen sie doch unter anderem "die Beziehung zwischen Mensch und Maschine verstehen". Dabei gilt es zu untersuchen, in welchen Bereichen und für welche Aufgaben diese Maschinen eingesetzt wurden und welche Außenwirkung selbige auf den Menschen, die Gesellschaft und umgekehrt hatten. Jan Müggenburg (Wien) sowie Eric Lettkemann und Martin Meister (beide Berlin) näherten sich "Wissensgeschichten der Robotik". Ausgehend von Martin Caidins Roman Cyborg untersuchte Müggenburg in seinem Vortrag "Die Menschmaschine. Bionik und Kybernetik in Science and Fiction" die Darstellung von Bionik in beiden Bereichen. Die Figur des Cyborg ging in den 1960er Jahren aus drei technologischen Wissensfiguren hervor: dem "prosthetic man", dem Gliedmaßen durch Prothesen ersetzt wurden, dem "amplified man", dessen technische Gliedmaßen die natürlichen in schweren Arbeiten unterstützten, und dem "closed cycle man", der Teil eines technischen Mechanismus war und sich nicht mehr anpassen musste. Gemeinsam war ihnen die Voraussetzung von Technologien, die kompatibel mit dem

Research paper thumbnail of 7. Resümee und Ausblick

Research paper thumbnail of 4. Das Forschungsdesign und der Forschungsund Auswertungsprozess

Research paper thumbnail of 1. Erkenntnisinteresse und Aufbau der Arbeit

Research paper thumbnail of 6. Die Mensch-Maschine-Anpassung im sozio-bio-technischen Anpassungsprozess

Research paper thumbnail of Living in the Age of Neuro-Digitalization

Philosophy, theology and the sciences, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of My Cyborg Performance as a Techno-Cerebral Subject

Routledge eBooks, Oct 7, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Das techno-zerebrale Subjekt

transcript Verlag eBooks, Jul 25, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Wissen – Körper – Technik

Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG eBooks, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of STS (in) Turkey as Extitution

This article focuses on the creation of the STS TURKEY network and offers insights from its found... more This article focuses on the creation of the STS TURKEY network and offers insights from its foundational meeting, showing how it is part of a larger story of STS (Science and Technology Studies) in Turkey. STS TURKEY’s foundational meeting was held on 3–4 October 2017 in Istanbul, hosted by the Orient-Institut Istanbul, Turkey. The goal of the meeting was, first, to introduce scholars interested in STS in Turkey to one another, and secondly, to start constructing a common vision and road map that is based on the participants’ current scholarly interests. In total, there were more than 46 participants, of whom about 15 were graduate students. The rest comprised scholars, independent researchers and NGO representatives. Represented areas included Science and Technology Studies, Medicine, Sociology, Anthropology, Philosophy of Science, History of Science and Technology, Engineering, Industrial Design, Science Communication, Law and the Life Sciences (“biolaw”). During the two days the participants introduced existing academic programs and current research in STS, forge a vision for STS TURKEY and prepared a road map.

Research paper thumbnail of Cyborg Encounters: Three Art-Science Interactions

NanoEthics

This contribution includes three selected works from an exhibition on Cyborg Encounters. These wo... more This contribution includes three selected works from an exhibition on Cyborg Encounters. These works deal with hybrid connections of human and non-human species that (might) emerge as a result of enhancement technologies and bio-technological developments. They offer not only an artistic exploration of contemporary but also futuristic aspects of the subject. Followed by an introduction by Melike Şahinol, Critically Endangered Artwork (by Ayşe Melis Okay) highlights Turkey’s ongoing problems of food poverty and the amount of decreasing agricultural lands. It displays seeds of a promising endemic plant to mitigate these problems using the seeds of the Thermopsis Turcica, a herbaceous perennial endemic plant. Ecomasculinist Pregnancy (by Burak Taşdizen and Charles John McKinnon Bell) follows the design fiction methodology and illustrates a future scenario through a patient’s diary and the medical letters he receives during his pregnancy with an extinct sea-lion. Polluted Homes (by Beyz...

Research paper thumbnail of Access and tinkering: designing assistive technologies as political practice–A discussion with Zeynep Karagöz, Thomas Miebach and Daniel Wessolek

Journal of Enabling Technologies

PurposeThis contribution shows perspectives of experts from different disciplines and professiona... more PurposeThis contribution shows perspectives of experts from different disciplines and professional backgrounds in order to elaborate on maker approaches such as do-it-yourself prosthetics and collaborative tools. As a result, aspects of open source practices related to medical and assistive technologies will be critically reflected upon. In addition, implications of heterogeneous interests, economic implications and everyday achievements of social material assemblages produced through participatory design research are discussed.Design/methodology/approachIn order to address an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary perspective on the relationships between body (differences) and technology, it is necessary to bring together studies from both Science and Technology Studies (STS) and crip technoscience as well as approaches from participatory design research and practice. This challenge was addressed by a roundtable organized as part of the third network meeting of the Dis/Ability and...

Research paper thumbnail of “VULVA STUDY. hidden but not undiscovered” in Conversation with “Manufacturing the Vulva”

NanoEthics

Cosmetic surgery and techno-medical manufacturing of the body are booming. The transformative pot... more Cosmetic surgery and techno-medical manufacturing of the body are booming. The transformative potential of cosmetic surgery is used to shape and enhance physical appearance, gender identity and sexuality. Among the cosmetic procedures that have become popular is intimate surgery for women, which is oriented towards an ideal shape of the vulva. Almost in parallel with this trend, vulva-positive websites highlighting the diversity of the vulva are becoming ever more widespread in order to enlighten women and contribute to women’s health. This Art-Science Interaction consists of two parts that are in conversation with one another. Artist Merve Şahinol presents in her part “VULVA STUDY. hidden but not undiscovered” photographs of clay vulvas she modeled during therapy sessions to use in talks with women who are challenged by their own perception of their body image. She shares her thoughts and experience of the modeling and learning process in form of prose. In “Manufacturing the Vulva”...

Research paper thumbnail of My Cyborg Performance as a Techno-Cerebral Subject

Research paper thumbnail of 6. Die Mensch-Maschine-Anpassung im sozio-bio-technischen Anpassungsprozess

Das techno-zerebrale Subjekt, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge in Action

Knowledge in Action, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Collecting Data and the Status of the Research Subject in Brain-Machine Interface Research in Chronic Stroke Rehabilitation

Somatechnics

Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) has moved to the forefront of neuroscientific trials as it not only... more Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) has moved to the forefront of neuroscientific trials as it not only establishes a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device but enables the measuring of brain activity in research subjects whereby data is collected. With special emphasis on the somatechnics of BMI, this article analyses the relationship between this data collection process and actual patient care in chronic stroke rehabilitation. In doing so, it focuses on behaviour patterns associated with the use of specific technology that enables the scientist to use certain techniques in order to establish a hierarchy among research participants. In this hierarchy the scientist assumes a superior status to the research subject, an occurrence that is partially supported by using BMI technology and partially initiated by the need to generate data. Based on ethnographic studies of BMI research in hospitals and laboratories, the article outlines how this hierarchical structu...

Research paper thumbnail of Reflections on Turkish Personal Data Protection Law and Genetic Data in Focus Group Discussions

Nanoethics, Dec 1, 2022

conducted, discussing topics such as central data collection, legalized data sharing, and the man... more conducted, discussing topics such as central data collection, legalized data sharing, and the management of genetic information in health information systems. The article concludes that the new Turkish personal data protection law is problematic as the frame of collectible data is wide-ranging, and the exceptions are extensive. Specific laws or articles dedicated to genetic data that also overlook the dimension of discrimination based on genetic differences in Turkey should be taken into consideration. In broader terms, it is intended to put up for discussion that in addition to ethical aspects, economic aspects and legal aspects of health should be included in the discussion to be carried out within the framework of socio-political analyses with culture-specific approaches and crossculture boundaries simultaneously. Keywords Data protection • Data privacy • Genetic data • Turkish personal data protection law • Focus group Background The first significant step to framing standards for the protection of individuals was taken with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights after the Second World War. It was adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) among the UN member countries on December 10th, 1948. Even though it has been translated into 370 different languages and Abstract Since the 1970s and more rigorously since the 1990s, many countries have regulated data protection and privacy laws in order to ensure the safety and privacy of personal data. First, a comparison is made of different acts regarding genetic information that are in force in the EU, the USA, and China. In Turkey, changes were adopted only recently following intense debates. This study aims to explore the experts' opinions on the regulations of the health information systems, data security, privacy, and confidentiality in Turkey, with a particular focus on genetic data, which is more sensitive than other health data as it is a permanent identifier that is inherited to next of kin and shared with other family members. Two focus groups with 18 experts and stakeholders were

Research paper thumbnail of Hair:y_less Masculinities: A Cartography

* "Somatechnics highlights the reciprocal bond between the sôma and the techné of 'the body' and ... more * "Somatechnics highlights the reciprocal bond between the sôma and the techné of 'the body' and the techniques in which bodies are formed and transformed as crafted responses to the world around us." 1

Research paper thumbnail of Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Technikgeschichte (GTG) 2009 „Geschichte(n) der Robotik“

Technikgeschichte, 2010

Technikgeschichte, umriss Catarina Caetano da Rosa für den Programmausschuss der GTG die Relevanz... more Technikgeschichte, umriss Catarina Caetano da Rosa für den Programmausschuss der GTG die Relevanz des Themas "Geschichte(n) der Robotik" für die Technikgeschichte. Ziel der Tagung sei, das Verhältnis zwischen Mensch und Maschine darzustellen und zu analysieren. Die Geschichte "selbsttätiger Maschinen" kann bis in das antike Griechenland und das Wort "Robotik" bis ins 14. Jahrhundert zurückgeführt werden. Jedoch wurde das Wort "Roboter" erst in den 1920er Jahren durch Karel Capek populär, der den Begriff in seinem Drama "R.U.R." für selbstständige Maschinen (Roboter) "um Menschen die Arbeit zu erleichtern und abzunehmen" einführte. So sind "Geschichte(n) der Robotik" für die Technikgeschichte von großer Bedeutung, wollen sie doch unter anderem "die Beziehung zwischen Mensch und Maschine verstehen". Dabei gilt es zu untersuchen, in welchen Bereichen und für welche Aufgaben diese Maschinen eingesetzt wurden und welche Außenwirkung selbige auf den Menschen, die Gesellschaft und umgekehrt hatten. Jan Müggenburg (Wien) sowie Eric Lettkemann und Martin Meister (beide Berlin) näherten sich "Wissensgeschichten der Robotik". Ausgehend von Martin Caidins Roman Cyborg untersuchte Müggenburg in seinem Vortrag "Die Menschmaschine. Bionik und Kybernetik in Science and Fiction" die Darstellung von Bionik in beiden Bereichen. Die Figur des Cyborg ging in den 1960er Jahren aus drei technologischen Wissensfiguren hervor: dem "prosthetic man", dem Gliedmaßen durch Prothesen ersetzt wurden, dem "amplified man", dessen technische Gliedmaßen die natürlichen in schweren Arbeiten unterstützten, und dem "closed cycle man", der Teil eines technischen Mechanismus war und sich nicht mehr anpassen musste. Gemeinsam war ihnen die Voraussetzung von Technologien, die kompatibel mit dem

Research paper thumbnail of Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Technikgeschichte (GTG) 2009 „Geschichte(n) der Robotik“

Technikgeschichte, 2010

Technikgeschichte, umriss Catarina Caetano da Rosa für den Programmausschuss der GTG die Relevanz... more Technikgeschichte, umriss Catarina Caetano da Rosa für den Programmausschuss der GTG die Relevanz des Themas "Geschichte(n) der Robotik" für die Technikgeschichte. Ziel der Tagung sei, das Verhältnis zwischen Mensch und Maschine darzustellen und zu analysieren. Die Geschichte "selbsttätiger Maschinen" kann bis in das antike Griechenland und das Wort "Robotik" bis ins 14. Jahrhundert zurückgeführt werden. Jedoch wurde das Wort "Roboter" erst in den 1920er Jahren durch Karel Capek populär, der den Begriff in seinem Drama "R.U.R." für selbstständige Maschinen (Roboter) "um Menschen die Arbeit zu erleichtern und abzunehmen" einführte. So sind "Geschichte(n) der Robotik" für die Technikgeschichte von großer Bedeutung, wollen sie doch unter anderem "die Beziehung zwischen Mensch und Maschine verstehen". Dabei gilt es zu untersuchen, in welchen Bereichen und für welche Aufgaben diese Maschinen eingesetzt wurden und welche Außenwirkung selbige auf den Menschen, die Gesellschaft und umgekehrt hatten. Jan Müggenburg (Wien) sowie Eric Lettkemann und Martin Meister (beide Berlin) näherten sich "Wissensgeschichten der Robotik". Ausgehend von Martin Caidins Roman Cyborg untersuchte Müggenburg in seinem Vortrag "Die Menschmaschine. Bionik und Kybernetik in Science and Fiction" die Darstellung von Bionik in beiden Bereichen. Die Figur des Cyborg ging in den 1960er Jahren aus drei technologischen Wissensfiguren hervor: dem "prosthetic man", dem Gliedmaßen durch Prothesen ersetzt wurden, dem "amplified man", dessen technische Gliedmaßen die natürlichen in schweren Arbeiten unterstützten, und dem "closed cycle man", der Teil eines technischen Mechanismus war und sich nicht mehr anpassen musste. Gemeinsam war ihnen die Voraussetzung von Technologien, die kompatibel mit dem

Research paper thumbnail of 7. Resümee und Ausblick

Research paper thumbnail of 4. Das Forschungsdesign und der Forschungsund Auswertungsprozess

Research paper thumbnail of 1. Erkenntnisinteresse und Aufbau der Arbeit

Research paper thumbnail of 6. Die Mensch-Maschine-Anpassung im sozio-bio-technischen Anpassungsprozess

Research paper thumbnail of Living in the Age of Neuro-Digitalization

Philosophy, theology and the sciences, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of My Cyborg Performance as a Techno-Cerebral Subject

Routledge eBooks, Oct 7, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Das techno-zerebrale Subjekt

transcript Verlag eBooks, Jul 25, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Wissen – Körper – Technik

Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG eBooks, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of STS (in) Turkey as Extitution

This article focuses on the creation of the STS TURKEY network and offers insights from its found... more This article focuses on the creation of the STS TURKEY network and offers insights from its foundational meeting, showing how it is part of a larger story of STS (Science and Technology Studies) in Turkey. STS TURKEY’s foundational meeting was held on 3–4 October 2017 in Istanbul, hosted by the Orient-Institut Istanbul, Turkey. The goal of the meeting was, first, to introduce scholars interested in STS in Turkey to one another, and secondly, to start constructing a common vision and road map that is based on the participants’ current scholarly interests. In total, there were more than 46 participants, of whom about 15 were graduate students. The rest comprised scholars, independent researchers and NGO representatives. Represented areas included Science and Technology Studies, Medicine, Sociology, Anthropology, Philosophy of Science, History of Science and Technology, Engineering, Industrial Design, Science Communication, Law and the Life Sciences (“biolaw”). During the two days the participants introduced existing academic programs and current research in STS, forge a vision for STS TURKEY and prepared a road map.

Research paper thumbnail of Cyborg Encounters: Three Art-Science Interactions

NanoEthics

This contribution includes three selected works from an exhibition on Cyborg Encounters. These wo... more This contribution includes three selected works from an exhibition on Cyborg Encounters. These works deal with hybrid connections of human and non-human species that (might) emerge as a result of enhancement technologies and bio-technological developments. They offer not only an artistic exploration of contemporary but also futuristic aspects of the subject. Followed by an introduction by Melike Şahinol, Critically Endangered Artwork (by Ayşe Melis Okay) highlights Turkey’s ongoing problems of food poverty and the amount of decreasing agricultural lands. It displays seeds of a promising endemic plant to mitigate these problems using the seeds of the Thermopsis Turcica, a herbaceous perennial endemic plant. Ecomasculinist Pregnancy (by Burak Taşdizen and Charles John McKinnon Bell) follows the design fiction methodology and illustrates a future scenario through a patient’s diary and the medical letters he receives during his pregnancy with an extinct sea-lion. Polluted Homes (by Beyz...

Research paper thumbnail of Access and tinkering: designing assistive technologies as political practice–A discussion with Zeynep Karagöz, Thomas Miebach and Daniel Wessolek

Journal of Enabling Technologies

PurposeThis contribution shows perspectives of experts from different disciplines and professiona... more PurposeThis contribution shows perspectives of experts from different disciplines and professional backgrounds in order to elaborate on maker approaches such as do-it-yourself prosthetics and collaborative tools. As a result, aspects of open source practices related to medical and assistive technologies will be critically reflected upon. In addition, implications of heterogeneous interests, economic implications and everyday achievements of social material assemblages produced through participatory design research are discussed.Design/methodology/approachIn order to address an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary perspective on the relationships between body (differences) and technology, it is necessary to bring together studies from both Science and Technology Studies (STS) and crip technoscience as well as approaches from participatory design research and practice. This challenge was addressed by a roundtable organized as part of the third network meeting of the Dis/Ability and...

Research paper thumbnail of “VULVA STUDY. hidden but not undiscovered” in Conversation with “Manufacturing the Vulva”

NanoEthics

Cosmetic surgery and techno-medical manufacturing of the body are booming. The transformative pot... more Cosmetic surgery and techno-medical manufacturing of the body are booming. The transformative potential of cosmetic surgery is used to shape and enhance physical appearance, gender identity and sexuality. Among the cosmetic procedures that have become popular is intimate surgery for women, which is oriented towards an ideal shape of the vulva. Almost in parallel with this trend, vulva-positive websites highlighting the diversity of the vulva are becoming ever more widespread in order to enlighten women and contribute to women’s health. This Art-Science Interaction consists of two parts that are in conversation with one another. Artist Merve Şahinol presents in her part “VULVA STUDY. hidden but not undiscovered” photographs of clay vulvas she modeled during therapy sessions to use in talks with women who are challenged by their own perception of their body image. She shares her thoughts and experience of the modeling and learning process in form of prose. In “Manufacturing the Vulva”...

Research paper thumbnail of My Cyborg Performance as a Techno-Cerebral Subject

Research paper thumbnail of 6. Die Mensch-Maschine-Anpassung im sozio-bio-technischen Anpassungsprozess

Das techno-zerebrale Subjekt, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge in Action

Knowledge in Action, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Collecting Data and the Status of the Research Subject in Brain-Machine Interface Research in Chronic Stroke Rehabilitation

Somatechnics

Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) has moved to the forefront of neuroscientific trials as it not only... more Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) has moved to the forefront of neuroscientific trials as it not only establishes a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device but enables the measuring of brain activity in research subjects whereby data is collected. With special emphasis on the somatechnics of BMI, this article analyses the relationship between this data collection process and actual patient care in chronic stroke rehabilitation. In doing so, it focuses on behaviour patterns associated with the use of specific technology that enables the scientist to use certain techniques in order to establish a hierarchy among research participants. In this hierarchy the scientist assumes a superior status to the research subject, an occurrence that is partially supported by using BMI technology and partially initiated by the need to generate data. Based on ethnographic studies of BMI research in hospitals and laboratories, the article outlines how this hierarchical structu...

Research paper thumbnail of Reflections on Turkish Personal Data Protection Law and Genetic Data in Focus Group Discussions

Nanoethics, Dec 1, 2022

conducted, discussing topics such as central data collection, legalized data sharing, and the man... more conducted, discussing topics such as central data collection, legalized data sharing, and the management of genetic information in health information systems. The article concludes that the new Turkish personal data protection law is problematic as the frame of collectible data is wide-ranging, and the exceptions are extensive. Specific laws or articles dedicated to genetic data that also overlook the dimension of discrimination based on genetic differences in Turkey should be taken into consideration. In broader terms, it is intended to put up for discussion that in addition to ethical aspects, economic aspects and legal aspects of health should be included in the discussion to be carried out within the framework of socio-political analyses with culture-specific approaches and crossculture boundaries simultaneously. Keywords Data protection • Data privacy • Genetic data • Turkish personal data protection law • Focus group Background The first significant step to framing standards for the protection of individuals was taken with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights after the Second World War. It was adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) among the UN member countries on December 10th, 1948. Even though it has been translated into 370 different languages and Abstract Since the 1970s and more rigorously since the 1990s, many countries have regulated data protection and privacy laws in order to ensure the safety and privacy of personal data. First, a comparison is made of different acts regarding genetic information that are in force in the EU, the USA, and China. In Turkey, changes were adopted only recently following intense debates. This study aims to explore the experts' opinions on the regulations of the health information systems, data security, privacy, and confidentiality in Turkey, with a particular focus on genetic data, which is more sensitive than other health data as it is a permanent identifier that is inherited to next of kin and shared with other family members. Two focus groups with 18 experts and stakeholders were