Andrea Patricelli Malizia | Harvard Medical School (original) (raw)

Papers by Andrea Patricelli Malizia

Research paper thumbnail of COVID-19 and Stressful Adjustment to Work: A Long-Term Prospective Study About Homeworking for Bank Employees in Italy

Frontiers in Psychology

The COVID-19 evolution has forced the massive introduction of homeworking (HW) for most employees... more The COVID-19 evolution has forced the massive introduction of homeworking (HW) for most employees in the initial stages of the pandemic and then return to work, mainly due to the vaccination campaign. These multiple abrupt adjustment demands in work may be a source of intense stress for office workers with consequences on wellbeing and the quality of life. This long-term prospective study aimed at investigating the effect of adaptation demands on a broad population of employees of a large Italian banking group in the job-related stress framework. We administered a web-based survey to 1,264 participants in Reopening after the first lockdown, from June to October 2020, at 841 subjects in Second Wave, corresponding to the rise of contagions from November 2020 to January 2021, and to 491 individuals in Vaccination Round, which ranged from February to June 2021. We assessed workaholism by using the Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS-10), work-family conflicting overlap by using the Work a...

Research paper thumbnail of The contribution of shape features and demographic variables to disembedding abilities

Humans typically perceive visual patterns in a global manner, and are remarkably capable of extra... more Humans typically perceive visual patterns in a global manner, and are remarkably capable of extracting object shapes based on properties such as proximity, closure, symmetry, and good continuation. Notwithstanding people’s attitude toward perceptual grouping, the research highlighted differences in disembedding performance across individuals, summarized by the field dependence/independence dimension. Previous studies revealed that age and educational attainment explain part of this variability, whereas the role of sex is still highly debated. Also, which stimulus features primarily influence inter-individual variations in perceptual grouping has to be fully determined.Building upon these premises, we assessed the role of age, level of education and sex on performance at the Leuven-Embedded Figure Test - a proxy of disembedding abilities - in a sample of 391 cisgender individuals. We also investigated whether stimulus symmetry, closure, complexity, and continuation relate to task acc...

Research paper thumbnail of Mindfulness-Based Online Intervention Increases Well-Being And Decreases Stress After Covid-19 Lockdown

Mindfulness interventions were shown to be effective in improving well-being and reducing perceiv... more Mindfulness interventions were shown to be effective in improving well-being and reducing perceived stress in several conditions. These effects were also found in online mindfulness-based training, especially on employees in organizational environments. The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of online mindfulness intervention on healthy employees especially after the first Italian Covid-19 lockdown.Participants in the intervention group underwent an 8-week mindfulness online training program based on the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) protocol compared to a control (no-intervention) group. All participants filled in weekly surveys for the whole intervention duration via online questionnaires to measure their habits, mindfulness (FFMQ-15), emotion regulation (ERQ), positive and negative affect (PANAS), depression, anxiety and stress (DASS-21), resilience (RSA) and insomnia (ISI). 46 participants in the intervention group and 54 in the control group completed a...

Research paper thumbnail of Preclinical Development of the Na-K-2Cl Co-transporter1 (NKCC1) Inhibitor ARN23746 for the Treatment of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Research paper thumbnail of Enhancing Organizational Memory Through Virtual Memoryscapes: Does It Work?

Frontiers in Psychology, 2021

Enhancing cognitive memory through virtual reality represents an issue, that has never been inves... more Enhancing cognitive memory through virtual reality represents an issue, that has never been investigated in organizational settings. Here, we compared a virtual memoryscape (treatment) – an immersive virtual environment used by subjects as a shared memory tool based on spatial navigation – with respect to the traditional individual-specific mnemonic tool based on the “method of loci” (control). A memory task characterized by high ecological validity was administered to 82 subjects employed by large banking group. Memory recall was measured, for both groups, immediately after the task (Phase 1) and one week later (Phase 2). Results show that (i) in Phase 1, the method of loci was more efficient in terms of recalling information than the to the virtual memoryscape; (ii) in Phase 2, there was no difference. Compared to the method of loci, the virtual memoryscape presents the advantages – relevant for organizations – of being collective, controllable, dynamic, and non-manipulable.

Research paper thumbnail of Affect and Cognition in Managerial Decision Making: A Systematic Literature Review of Neuroscience Evidence

Frontiers in Psychology, 2022

How do affect and cognition interact in managerial decision making? Over the last decades, schola... more How do affect and cognition interact in managerial decision making? Over the last decades, scholars have investigated how managers make decisions. However, what remains largely unknown is the interplay of affective states and cognition during the decision-making process. We offer a systematization of the contributions produced on the role of affect and cognition in managerial decision making by considering the recent cross-fertilization of management studies with the neuroscience domain. We implement a Systematic Literature Review of 23 selected contributions dealing with the role of affect and cognition in managerial decisions that adopted neuroscience techniques/points of view. Collected papers have been analyzed by considering the so-called reflexive (X-) and reflective (C-) systems in social cognitive neuroscience and the type of decisions investigated in the literature. Results obtained help to support an emerging “unified” mind processing theory for which the two systems of ou...

Research paper thumbnail of Mental health in the post-lockdown pandemic phase: Relief or exacerbation of psychological distress? A cross-sectional study in the general population in Italy

Research paper thumbnail of Mindfulness-based Online Training Increases Well-being and Decreases Stress After Covid-19 Lockdown (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Mindfulness practice consists of “paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, ... more BACKGROUND Mindfulness practice consists of “paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally to the unfolding of experience moment by moment”. Mindfulness training was shown to be effective in improving well-being and reducing perceived stress in several conditions. These effects were also found in online mindfulness-based training, especially on employees in organizational environments. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of online mindfulness training on healthy employees especially after the first Italian Covid-19 lockdown, when the measures to prevent contagion were loosened, but the second wave was starting again to emerge. METHODS Participants in the training group underwent an 8-week mindfulness training based on the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) protocol compared to a control (no-intervention) group. A new practice was presented each week by two trainers, who were also available for Q&A on a weekly basis. All part...

Research paper thumbnail of Uncertainty and Demand for Insurance: A Theoretical Model of How Self-Control Manages the Optimal Decision-Making

Frontiers in Psychology, 2021

With the present work, we aim to mark a beginning line on the study of decision-making of potenti... more With the present work, we aim to mark a beginning line on the study of decision-making of potential consumers in the insurance sector, with the long-term purpose of defining the optimal cognitive processes to be undertaken when deciding whether to purchase insurance or not. Decision-making in conditions of uncertainty is influenced by the dual-self model doers/planner integrated with the hot–cold states and prospect utility function. Thus, we present a theoretical model of choice-making to evaluate the level of optimal self-control necessary to be exerted if the individual is either in the hot or in the cold state depending on the arousal. This theoretical choice-making model lays the ground for the decision journey by following the long-term utility and avoiding gross mistakes that could lead the consumer not to insure, when the odds suggest doing it, or vice versa, in situations when it would not be necessary.

Research paper thumbnail of Affect and Cognition in Managerial Decision Making: A Systematic Literature Review of Neuroscience Evidence

Frontiers in Psychology, 2022

How do affect and cognition interact in managerial decision making? Over the last decades, schola... more How do affect and cognition interact in managerial decision making? Over the last decades, scholars have investigated how managers make decisions. However, what remains largely unknown is the interplay of affective states and cognition during the decision-making process. We offer a systematization of the contributions produced on the role of affect and cognition in managerial decision making by considering the recent cross-fertilization of management studies with the neuroscience domain. We implement a Systematic Literature Review of 23 selected contributions dealing with the role of affect and cognition in managerial decisions that adopted neuroscience techniques/points of view. Collected papers have been analyzed by considering the so-called reflexive (X-) and reflective (C-) systems in social cognitive neuroscience and the type of decisions investigated in the literature. Results obtained help to support an emerging "unified" mind processing theory for which the two systems of our mind are not in conflict and for which affective states have a driving role toward cognition. A research agenda for future studies is provided to scholars who are interested in advancing the investigation of affect and cognition in managerial decision making, also through neuroscience techniqueswith the consideration that these works should be at the service of the behavioral strategy field.

Research paper thumbnail of MicroRNAs in cardiomyocyte development

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Systems Biology and Medicine, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of HIV Proteins Regulate Bone Marker Secretion and Transcription Factor Activity in Cultured Human Osteoblasts with Consequent Potential Implications for Osteoblast Function and Development

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Cobalt ions induce chemokine secretion in primary human osteoblasts

Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 2009

Chemokines are major regulators of the inflammatory response and have been shown to play an impor... more Chemokines are major regulators of the inflammatory response and have been shown to play an important role in periprosthetic osteolysis. Titanium particles have previously been shown to induce IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion in osteoblasts. These chemokines result in the chemotaxis and activation of neutrophils and macrophages, respectively. Despite a resurgence in the use of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys in metal-on-metal arthroplasty, cobalt and chromium ion toxicity in the periprosthetic area has been insufficiently studied. In this study we investigate the in vitro effect of cobalt ions on primary human osteoblast activity. We demonstrate that cobalt ions rapidly induce the protein secretion of IL-8 and MCP-1 in primary human osteoblasts. This elevated chemokine secretion is preceded by an increase in the transcription of the corresponding chemokine gene. Using a Transwell migration chemotaxis assay we also demonstrate that the chemokines secreted are capable of inducing neutrophil and macrophage migration. Furthermore, cobalt ions significantly inhibit osteoblast function as demonstrated by reduced alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition. In aggregate these data demonstrate that cobalt ions can activate transcription of the chemokine genes IL-8 and MCP-1 in primary human osteoblasts. Cobalt ions are not benign and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteolysis by suppressing osteoblast function and stimulating the production and secretion of chemokines that attract inflammatory and osteoclastic cells to the periprosthetic area.

Research paper thumbnail of Host predisposition by endogenous Transforming Growth Factor-β1 overexpression promotes pulmonary fibrosis following bleomycin injury

Journal of Inflammation, 2007

Background: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive diffuse disease involving the lu... more Background: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive diffuse disease involving the lung parenchyma. Despite recent advances, the molecular mechanisms of the initiation and progression of this disease remain elusive. Previous studies have demonstrated TGFβ1 as a key effector cytokine in the development of lung fibrosis.

Research paper thumbnail of Lung Tissue Storage: Optimizing Conditions for Future Use in Molecular Research

Experimental Lung Research, 2008

2 The quality of tissue studied impacts greatly on oligonucleotide microarray results, emphasizin... more 2 The quality of tissue studied impacts greatly on oligonucleotide microarray results, emphasizing the importance of harvesting techniques. The analyzed RNA extracted from human lung samples preserved via 4 different storage conditions (RNAlater, phosphate-buffered saline, TRIzol, liquid nitrogen). RNA was assessed by denaturing gel electrophoresis, Agilent bioanalysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Test3 Affymetrix chip hybridization. Results revealed better quality RNA from RNAlater samples on gel electrophoresis and bioanalysis. RNAlater samples also showed greater yield (r18s via PCR P < .05) and resulted in better Test3 chips hybridization (p < .05), suggesting RNAlater was superior at preserving lung tissue nucleic acid.

Research paper thumbnail of HIV1 protease inhibitors selectively induce inflammatory chemokine expression in primary human osteoblasts

Antiviral Research, 2007

HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of decreased bone mineral density. Several studies ha... more HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of decreased bone mineral density. Several studies have implicated antiretroviral therapy as a contributor to the decreased bone mineral density seen in treated HIV-1 patients. Whilst the exact molecular mechanisms underlying decreased bone density remain to be elucidated, inflammation has been postulated to be an important pathogenomic mechanism. In this study, we have explored primary human osteoblast gene expression in response to protease inhibitors (PIs), by oligonucleotide microarray analysis. A list of dysregulated genes, correlated with the inflammatory response, increased significantly after NFV and RTV exposure. Analysis of gene and protein expression determined a selectively increase of the pro-inflammatory cytokines monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and interleukin-8 (IL-8) following exposure to a pharmacological concentration of NFV and RTV. These data suggested that generation of local inflammatory cascades may contribute to the development of decreased bone mineral density in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-treated HIV patients.

Research paper thumbnail of HIV Protease Inhibitors Selectively Induce Gene Expression Alterations Associated with Reduced Calcium Deposition in Primary Human Osteoblasts

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 2007

HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of decreased bone mineral density. Some studies have ... more HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of decreased bone mineral density. Some studies have implicated antiretroviral therapy as a contributor to the decreased bone mineral density seen in treated HIV-1 patients. In this study we explore the interactions between protease inhibitors (PI) and primary human osteoblast gene expression, highlighting a group of dysregulated genes that potentially are key factors in reducing bone formation. Runx-2 mRNA expression, calcium deposition, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity decreased significantly in human osteoblast cultures after exposure to the PIs nelfinavir (NFV) and indinavir (IDV). Saquinavir (SQV), ritonavir (RTV), indinavir (IDV), or nelfinavir (NFV) exposure induced significant changes in genotypic expression as assessed by gene-chip microarray analysis. The altered genes from each group were compared to each other and a list of 8 upregulated and 13 downregulated genes only after NFV and IDV exposure was identified. This set includes TIMP-3, which has previously been demonstrated to be involved in osteoblast differentiation and extracellular matrix development processes. Silencing TIMP-3 mRNA expression using siRNA duplexes enhanced calcium deposition and ALP activity significantly, even after exposure to NFV and IDV. Our data suggest a link between reduced osteoblastic phenotype and a group of 21 altered genes following NFV and IDV treatment, and also suggest TIMP-3 may be involved in the PI-induced inhibition of osteoblast function.

Research paper thumbnail of HIV Proteins Regulate Bone Marker Secretion and Transcription Factor Activity in Cultured Human Osteoblasts with Consequent Potential Implications for Osteoblast Function and Development

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 2007

A high incidence of decreased bone mineral density (BMD) has increasingly been associated with HI... more A high incidence of decreased bone mineral density (BMD) has increasingly been associated with HIV infection. In this study mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and human osteoblast (hOB) cell lines were treated with HIV tat, HIV rev, HIV p55-gag, HIV gp120 and HTLV env (100 ng/ml, 24 h). Cells were then analyzed for calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and lipid levels using established methods. Real-time PCR with gene-specific primers was used to quantify the mRNA levels of the transcription factors RUNX-2 and PPARgamma, transcription factors known to be pro-osteogenic and pro-adipogenic, respectively. The levels of secreted bone markers and transcription factor activity were determined using commercial assays. In OBs, HIV p55-gag and gp120 were seen to reduce calcium deposition, ALP activity, levels of secreted BMP-2, -7, and RANK-L, and the expression and activity of RUNX-2. The levels of osteocalcin were also significantly reduced by p55-gag treatment, while gp120 also increased PPARgamma activity. Lipid levels were also increased by gp120 treatment. The ability of MSCs to develop into functioning OBs was also affected by the presence of HIV proteins, with p55-gag inducing a decrease in osteogenesis, while rev induced an increase. HIV proteins can potentially modulate OB development and function in vitro via modulation of bone maker secretion and RUNX-2 and PPARgamma transcription factor activity.

Research paper thumbnail of MicroRNAs in cardiomyocyte development.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, primari... more MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, primarily by base-pairing with the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of their target mRNAs. Many miRNAs are expressed in a tissue/organ-specific manner and are associated with an increasing number of cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue development events. Cardiac muscle expresses distinct genes encoding structural proteins and a subset of signal molecules that control tissue specification and differentiation. The transcriptional regulation of cardiomyocyte development has been well established, yet only until recently has it been uncovered that miRNAs participate in the regulatory networks. A subset of miRNAs are either specifically or highly expressed in cardiac muscle, providing an opportunity to understand how gene expression is controlled by miRNAs at the post-transcriptional level in this muscle type. miR-1, miR-133, miR-206, and miR-208 have been found to be muscle-specific, and thus have been called myomiRs. The discovery of myomiRs as a previously unrecognized component in the regulation of gene expression adds an entirely new layer of complexity to our understanding of cardiac muscle development. Investigating myomiRs will not only reveal novel molecular mechanisms of the miRNA-mediated regulatory network in cardiomyocyte development, but also raise new opportunities for therapeutic intervention for cardiovascular disease.Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Research paper thumbnail of CUX1/Wnt signaling regulates epithelial mesenchymal transition in EBV infected epithelial cells

Experimental cell …, Jan 1, 2009

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a refractory and lethal interstitial lung disease characte... more Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a refractory and lethal interstitial lung disease characterized by alveolar epithelial cells apoptosis, fibroblast proliferation and extra-cellular matrix protein deposition. EBV, localised to alveolar epithelial cells of pulmonary fibrosis patients is associated with a poor prognosis. A strategy based on microarray-differential gene expression analysis to identify molecular drivers of EBV-associated lung fibrosis was utilized. Alveolar epithelial cells were infected with EBV to identify genes whose expression was altered following TGFbeta1-mediated lytic phase. EBV lytic reactivation by TGFbeta1 drives a selective alteration in CUX1 variant (a) (NCBI accession number NM_181552) expression, inducing activation of non-canonical Wnt pathway mediators, implicating it in Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), the molecular event underpinning scar production in tissue fibrosis. The role of EBV in EMT can be attenuated by antiviral strategies and inhibition of Wnt signaling by using All-Trans Retinoic Acids (ATRA). Activation of non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway by EBV in epithelial cells suggests a novel mechanism of EMT via CUX1 signaling. These data present a framework for further description of the link between infectious agents and fibrosis, a significant disease burden.

Research paper thumbnail of COVID-19 and Stressful Adjustment to Work: A Long-Term Prospective Study About Homeworking for Bank Employees in Italy

Frontiers in Psychology

The COVID-19 evolution has forced the massive introduction of homeworking (HW) for most employees... more The COVID-19 evolution has forced the massive introduction of homeworking (HW) for most employees in the initial stages of the pandemic and then return to work, mainly due to the vaccination campaign. These multiple abrupt adjustment demands in work may be a source of intense stress for office workers with consequences on wellbeing and the quality of life. This long-term prospective study aimed at investigating the effect of adaptation demands on a broad population of employees of a large Italian banking group in the job-related stress framework. We administered a web-based survey to 1,264 participants in Reopening after the first lockdown, from June to October 2020, at 841 subjects in Second Wave, corresponding to the rise of contagions from November 2020 to January 2021, and to 491 individuals in Vaccination Round, which ranged from February to June 2021. We assessed workaholism by using the Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS-10), work-family conflicting overlap by using the Work a...

Research paper thumbnail of The contribution of shape features and demographic variables to disembedding abilities

Humans typically perceive visual patterns in a global manner, and are remarkably capable of extra... more Humans typically perceive visual patterns in a global manner, and are remarkably capable of extracting object shapes based on properties such as proximity, closure, symmetry, and good continuation. Notwithstanding people’s attitude toward perceptual grouping, the research highlighted differences in disembedding performance across individuals, summarized by the field dependence/independence dimension. Previous studies revealed that age and educational attainment explain part of this variability, whereas the role of sex is still highly debated. Also, which stimulus features primarily influence inter-individual variations in perceptual grouping has to be fully determined.Building upon these premises, we assessed the role of age, level of education and sex on performance at the Leuven-Embedded Figure Test - a proxy of disembedding abilities - in a sample of 391 cisgender individuals. We also investigated whether stimulus symmetry, closure, complexity, and continuation relate to task acc...

Research paper thumbnail of Mindfulness-Based Online Intervention Increases Well-Being And Decreases Stress After Covid-19 Lockdown

Mindfulness interventions were shown to be effective in improving well-being and reducing perceiv... more Mindfulness interventions were shown to be effective in improving well-being and reducing perceived stress in several conditions. These effects were also found in online mindfulness-based training, especially on employees in organizational environments. The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of online mindfulness intervention on healthy employees especially after the first Italian Covid-19 lockdown.Participants in the intervention group underwent an 8-week mindfulness online training program based on the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) protocol compared to a control (no-intervention) group. All participants filled in weekly surveys for the whole intervention duration via online questionnaires to measure their habits, mindfulness (FFMQ-15), emotion regulation (ERQ), positive and negative affect (PANAS), depression, anxiety and stress (DASS-21), resilience (RSA) and insomnia (ISI). 46 participants in the intervention group and 54 in the control group completed a...

Research paper thumbnail of Preclinical Development of the Na-K-2Cl Co-transporter1 (NKCC1) Inhibitor ARN23746 for the Treatment of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Research paper thumbnail of Enhancing Organizational Memory Through Virtual Memoryscapes: Does It Work?

Frontiers in Psychology, 2021

Enhancing cognitive memory through virtual reality represents an issue, that has never been inves... more Enhancing cognitive memory through virtual reality represents an issue, that has never been investigated in organizational settings. Here, we compared a virtual memoryscape (treatment) – an immersive virtual environment used by subjects as a shared memory tool based on spatial navigation – with respect to the traditional individual-specific mnemonic tool based on the “method of loci” (control). A memory task characterized by high ecological validity was administered to 82 subjects employed by large banking group. Memory recall was measured, for both groups, immediately after the task (Phase 1) and one week later (Phase 2). Results show that (i) in Phase 1, the method of loci was more efficient in terms of recalling information than the to the virtual memoryscape; (ii) in Phase 2, there was no difference. Compared to the method of loci, the virtual memoryscape presents the advantages – relevant for organizations – of being collective, controllable, dynamic, and non-manipulable.

Research paper thumbnail of Affect and Cognition in Managerial Decision Making: A Systematic Literature Review of Neuroscience Evidence

Frontiers in Psychology, 2022

How do affect and cognition interact in managerial decision making? Over the last decades, schola... more How do affect and cognition interact in managerial decision making? Over the last decades, scholars have investigated how managers make decisions. However, what remains largely unknown is the interplay of affective states and cognition during the decision-making process. We offer a systematization of the contributions produced on the role of affect and cognition in managerial decision making by considering the recent cross-fertilization of management studies with the neuroscience domain. We implement a Systematic Literature Review of 23 selected contributions dealing with the role of affect and cognition in managerial decisions that adopted neuroscience techniques/points of view. Collected papers have been analyzed by considering the so-called reflexive (X-) and reflective (C-) systems in social cognitive neuroscience and the type of decisions investigated in the literature. Results obtained help to support an emerging “unified” mind processing theory for which the two systems of ou...

Research paper thumbnail of Mental health in the post-lockdown pandemic phase: Relief or exacerbation of psychological distress? A cross-sectional study in the general population in Italy

Research paper thumbnail of Mindfulness-based Online Training Increases Well-being and Decreases Stress After Covid-19 Lockdown (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Mindfulness practice consists of “paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, ... more BACKGROUND Mindfulness practice consists of “paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally to the unfolding of experience moment by moment”. Mindfulness training was shown to be effective in improving well-being and reducing perceived stress in several conditions. These effects were also found in online mindfulness-based training, especially on employees in organizational environments. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of online mindfulness training on healthy employees especially after the first Italian Covid-19 lockdown, when the measures to prevent contagion were loosened, but the second wave was starting again to emerge. METHODS Participants in the training group underwent an 8-week mindfulness training based on the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) protocol compared to a control (no-intervention) group. A new practice was presented each week by two trainers, who were also available for Q&A on a weekly basis. All part...

Research paper thumbnail of Uncertainty and Demand for Insurance: A Theoretical Model of How Self-Control Manages the Optimal Decision-Making

Frontiers in Psychology, 2021

With the present work, we aim to mark a beginning line on the study of decision-making of potenti... more With the present work, we aim to mark a beginning line on the study of decision-making of potential consumers in the insurance sector, with the long-term purpose of defining the optimal cognitive processes to be undertaken when deciding whether to purchase insurance or not. Decision-making in conditions of uncertainty is influenced by the dual-self model doers/planner integrated with the hot–cold states and prospect utility function. Thus, we present a theoretical model of choice-making to evaluate the level of optimal self-control necessary to be exerted if the individual is either in the hot or in the cold state depending on the arousal. This theoretical choice-making model lays the ground for the decision journey by following the long-term utility and avoiding gross mistakes that could lead the consumer not to insure, when the odds suggest doing it, or vice versa, in situations when it would not be necessary.

Research paper thumbnail of Affect and Cognition in Managerial Decision Making: A Systematic Literature Review of Neuroscience Evidence

Frontiers in Psychology, 2022

How do affect and cognition interact in managerial decision making? Over the last decades, schola... more How do affect and cognition interact in managerial decision making? Over the last decades, scholars have investigated how managers make decisions. However, what remains largely unknown is the interplay of affective states and cognition during the decision-making process. We offer a systematization of the contributions produced on the role of affect and cognition in managerial decision making by considering the recent cross-fertilization of management studies with the neuroscience domain. We implement a Systematic Literature Review of 23 selected contributions dealing with the role of affect and cognition in managerial decisions that adopted neuroscience techniques/points of view. Collected papers have been analyzed by considering the so-called reflexive (X-) and reflective (C-) systems in social cognitive neuroscience and the type of decisions investigated in the literature. Results obtained help to support an emerging "unified" mind processing theory for which the two systems of our mind are not in conflict and for which affective states have a driving role toward cognition. A research agenda for future studies is provided to scholars who are interested in advancing the investigation of affect and cognition in managerial decision making, also through neuroscience techniqueswith the consideration that these works should be at the service of the behavioral strategy field.

Research paper thumbnail of MicroRNAs in cardiomyocyte development

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Systems Biology and Medicine, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of HIV Proteins Regulate Bone Marker Secretion and Transcription Factor Activity in Cultured Human Osteoblasts with Consequent Potential Implications for Osteoblast Function and Development

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Cobalt ions induce chemokine secretion in primary human osteoblasts

Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 2009

Chemokines are major regulators of the inflammatory response and have been shown to play an impor... more Chemokines are major regulators of the inflammatory response and have been shown to play an important role in periprosthetic osteolysis. Titanium particles have previously been shown to induce IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion in osteoblasts. These chemokines result in the chemotaxis and activation of neutrophils and macrophages, respectively. Despite a resurgence in the use of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys in metal-on-metal arthroplasty, cobalt and chromium ion toxicity in the periprosthetic area has been insufficiently studied. In this study we investigate the in vitro effect of cobalt ions on primary human osteoblast activity. We demonstrate that cobalt ions rapidly induce the protein secretion of IL-8 and MCP-1 in primary human osteoblasts. This elevated chemokine secretion is preceded by an increase in the transcription of the corresponding chemokine gene. Using a Transwell migration chemotaxis assay we also demonstrate that the chemokines secreted are capable of inducing neutrophil and macrophage migration. Furthermore, cobalt ions significantly inhibit osteoblast function as demonstrated by reduced alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition. In aggregate these data demonstrate that cobalt ions can activate transcription of the chemokine genes IL-8 and MCP-1 in primary human osteoblasts. Cobalt ions are not benign and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteolysis by suppressing osteoblast function and stimulating the production and secretion of chemokines that attract inflammatory and osteoclastic cells to the periprosthetic area.

Research paper thumbnail of Host predisposition by endogenous Transforming Growth Factor-β1 overexpression promotes pulmonary fibrosis following bleomycin injury

Journal of Inflammation, 2007

Background: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive diffuse disease involving the lu... more Background: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive diffuse disease involving the lung parenchyma. Despite recent advances, the molecular mechanisms of the initiation and progression of this disease remain elusive. Previous studies have demonstrated TGFβ1 as a key effector cytokine in the development of lung fibrosis.

Research paper thumbnail of Lung Tissue Storage: Optimizing Conditions for Future Use in Molecular Research

Experimental Lung Research, 2008

2 The quality of tissue studied impacts greatly on oligonucleotide microarray results, emphasizin... more 2 The quality of tissue studied impacts greatly on oligonucleotide microarray results, emphasizing the importance of harvesting techniques. The analyzed RNA extracted from human lung samples preserved via 4 different storage conditions (RNAlater, phosphate-buffered saline, TRIzol, liquid nitrogen). RNA was assessed by denaturing gel electrophoresis, Agilent bioanalysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Test3 Affymetrix chip hybridization. Results revealed better quality RNA from RNAlater samples on gel electrophoresis and bioanalysis. RNAlater samples also showed greater yield (r18s via PCR P < .05) and resulted in better Test3 chips hybridization (p < .05), suggesting RNAlater was superior at preserving lung tissue nucleic acid.

Research paper thumbnail of HIV1 protease inhibitors selectively induce inflammatory chemokine expression in primary human osteoblasts

Antiviral Research, 2007

HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of decreased bone mineral density. Several studies ha... more HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of decreased bone mineral density. Several studies have implicated antiretroviral therapy as a contributor to the decreased bone mineral density seen in treated HIV-1 patients. Whilst the exact molecular mechanisms underlying decreased bone density remain to be elucidated, inflammation has been postulated to be an important pathogenomic mechanism. In this study, we have explored primary human osteoblast gene expression in response to protease inhibitors (PIs), by oligonucleotide microarray analysis. A list of dysregulated genes, correlated with the inflammatory response, increased significantly after NFV and RTV exposure. Analysis of gene and protein expression determined a selectively increase of the pro-inflammatory cytokines monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and interleukin-8 (IL-8) following exposure to a pharmacological concentration of NFV and RTV. These data suggested that generation of local inflammatory cascades may contribute to the development of decreased bone mineral density in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-treated HIV patients.

Research paper thumbnail of HIV Protease Inhibitors Selectively Induce Gene Expression Alterations Associated with Reduced Calcium Deposition in Primary Human Osteoblasts

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 2007

HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of decreased bone mineral density. Some studies have ... more HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of decreased bone mineral density. Some studies have implicated antiretroviral therapy as a contributor to the decreased bone mineral density seen in treated HIV-1 patients. In this study we explore the interactions between protease inhibitors (PI) and primary human osteoblast gene expression, highlighting a group of dysregulated genes that potentially are key factors in reducing bone formation. Runx-2 mRNA expression, calcium deposition, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity decreased significantly in human osteoblast cultures after exposure to the PIs nelfinavir (NFV) and indinavir (IDV). Saquinavir (SQV), ritonavir (RTV), indinavir (IDV), or nelfinavir (NFV) exposure induced significant changes in genotypic expression as assessed by gene-chip microarray analysis. The altered genes from each group were compared to each other and a list of 8 upregulated and 13 downregulated genes only after NFV and IDV exposure was identified. This set includes TIMP-3, which has previously been demonstrated to be involved in osteoblast differentiation and extracellular matrix development processes. Silencing TIMP-3 mRNA expression using siRNA duplexes enhanced calcium deposition and ALP activity significantly, even after exposure to NFV and IDV. Our data suggest a link between reduced osteoblastic phenotype and a group of 21 altered genes following NFV and IDV treatment, and also suggest TIMP-3 may be involved in the PI-induced inhibition of osteoblast function.

Research paper thumbnail of HIV Proteins Regulate Bone Marker Secretion and Transcription Factor Activity in Cultured Human Osteoblasts with Consequent Potential Implications for Osteoblast Function and Development

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 2007

A high incidence of decreased bone mineral density (BMD) has increasingly been associated with HI... more A high incidence of decreased bone mineral density (BMD) has increasingly been associated with HIV infection. In this study mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and human osteoblast (hOB) cell lines were treated with HIV tat, HIV rev, HIV p55-gag, HIV gp120 and HTLV env (100 ng/ml, 24 h). Cells were then analyzed for calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and lipid levels using established methods. Real-time PCR with gene-specific primers was used to quantify the mRNA levels of the transcription factors RUNX-2 and PPARgamma, transcription factors known to be pro-osteogenic and pro-adipogenic, respectively. The levels of secreted bone markers and transcription factor activity were determined using commercial assays. In OBs, HIV p55-gag and gp120 were seen to reduce calcium deposition, ALP activity, levels of secreted BMP-2, -7, and RANK-L, and the expression and activity of RUNX-2. The levels of osteocalcin were also significantly reduced by p55-gag treatment, while gp120 also increased PPARgamma activity. Lipid levels were also increased by gp120 treatment. The ability of MSCs to develop into functioning OBs was also affected by the presence of HIV proteins, with p55-gag inducing a decrease in osteogenesis, while rev induced an increase. HIV proteins can potentially modulate OB development and function in vitro via modulation of bone maker secretion and RUNX-2 and PPARgamma transcription factor activity.

Research paper thumbnail of MicroRNAs in cardiomyocyte development.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, primari... more MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, primarily by base-pairing with the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of their target mRNAs. Many miRNAs are expressed in a tissue/organ-specific manner and are associated with an increasing number of cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue development events. Cardiac muscle expresses distinct genes encoding structural proteins and a subset of signal molecules that control tissue specification and differentiation. The transcriptional regulation of cardiomyocyte development has been well established, yet only until recently has it been uncovered that miRNAs participate in the regulatory networks. A subset of miRNAs are either specifically or highly expressed in cardiac muscle, providing an opportunity to understand how gene expression is controlled by miRNAs at the post-transcriptional level in this muscle type. miR-1, miR-133, miR-206, and miR-208 have been found to be muscle-specific, and thus have been called myomiRs. The discovery of myomiRs as a previously unrecognized component in the regulation of gene expression adds an entirely new layer of complexity to our understanding of cardiac muscle development. Investigating myomiRs will not only reveal novel molecular mechanisms of the miRNA-mediated regulatory network in cardiomyocyte development, but also raise new opportunities for therapeutic intervention for cardiovascular disease.Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Research paper thumbnail of CUX1/Wnt signaling regulates epithelial mesenchymal transition in EBV infected epithelial cells

Experimental cell …, Jan 1, 2009

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a refractory and lethal interstitial lung disease characte... more Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a refractory and lethal interstitial lung disease characterized by alveolar epithelial cells apoptosis, fibroblast proliferation and extra-cellular matrix protein deposition. EBV, localised to alveolar epithelial cells of pulmonary fibrosis patients is associated with a poor prognosis. A strategy based on microarray-differential gene expression analysis to identify molecular drivers of EBV-associated lung fibrosis was utilized. Alveolar epithelial cells were infected with EBV to identify genes whose expression was altered following TGFbeta1-mediated lytic phase. EBV lytic reactivation by TGFbeta1 drives a selective alteration in CUX1 variant (a) (NCBI accession number NM_181552) expression, inducing activation of non-canonical Wnt pathway mediators, implicating it in Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), the molecular event underpinning scar production in tissue fibrosis. The role of EBV in EMT can be attenuated by antiviral strategies and inhibition of Wnt signaling by using All-Trans Retinoic Acids (ATRA). Activation of non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway by EBV in epithelial cells suggests a novel mechanism of EMT via CUX1 signaling. These data present a framework for further description of the link between infectious agents and fibrosis, a significant disease burden.