G. Zibold | Hochschule Ravensburg-Weingarten (original) (raw)
Papers by G. Zibold
Science of The Total Environment, 1994
Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, 1979
AuCo solid solutions of Co concentration ranging from 4 to 23 at.% are produced by simultaneous e... more AuCo solid solutions of Co concentration ranging from 4 to 23 at.% are produced by simultaneous evaporation of both components on a substrate held at 14K. The susceptibility of the films (thickness 2 mu m) is determined in situ by applying AC magnetic fields of 0.6 to 11.5 mT and frequencies of 12 to 5500 Hz, DC fields can be
Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, 1979
ABSTRACT A transmission spectrometer utilising quartz fibre light pipes and operating at photon e... more ABSTRACT A transmission spectrometer utilising quartz fibre light pipes and operating at photon energies between 0.64 and 5.4 eV is described. The sample chamber of the spectrometer consists of an ultra-high-vacuum cryostat allowing us to produce metastable alloy films. Measurement of the films at low temperature and annealing at temperatures below 600K are feasible in situ. As a result the authors present the optical properties of metastable, polycrystalline CuFe films in the concentration range 0-100 at.% Fe. The films are evaporated at 77K and subsequently annealed at 350K. Transmission spectra are taken between 1.2 and 5.4 eV. For Fe concentrations between 0-20 at.% the square of the plasma frequency depends linearly on concentration as predicted by the theory of virtual bound states. The interband transitions at 2.2 eV and 5 eV do not shift in this concentration range, whereas the parallel band absorption at 4.8 eV disappears.
Journal de Physique, 1984
2014 Des films d'alliages de Mn et Fe dilués dans des métaux polyvalents sont déposés sur un subs... more 2014 Des films d'alliages de Mn et Fe dilués dans des métaux polyvalents sont déposés sur un substrat à 10 K. La résistivité électrique est mesurée au-dessous des différentes températures de recuit. Les AlMn n'est pas produite par les atomes Mn isolés. Abstract 2014 Polyvalent metal films with dissolved magnetic additions are produced by quench condensation onto a substrate held at 10 K. The films are subsequently annealed at higher temperature Ta. The electrical resistance is measured below Ta.
Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, 1985
Random substitutional alloys of CuFe with Fe concentrations 0.8-8 at.% Fe are produced by quenchi... more Random substitutional alloys of CuFe with Fe concentrations 0.8-8 at.% Fe are produced by quenching from the vapour phase onto a cold substrate. The paramagnetic susceptibility chi is measured in situ using AC magnetic fields of 2.2-11.5 mT at frequencies between 33 and 5500 Hz and temperatures from 2.5 to 80K. The paramagnetic Curie temperature theta , the effective magnetic moment peff and the temperature Tf of the susceptibility maximum depend on Fe concentration and annealing. Alloys annealed at 80K do not show a frequency dependence of Tf. A reduction of chi near Tf in small DC fields is found only after annealing at 300K. A comparison with the properties of bulk CuFe alloys shows that the Tf values are nearly the same whereas the theta and peff values of the alloy films are much smaller than for the corresponding bulk alloys.
Contaminated Forests, 1999
The experience of radiation accidents, the Chernobyl accident in the first place, has shown that ... more The experience of radiation accidents, the Chernobyl accident in the first place, has shown that the methodology used to develop and estimate the effectiveness of countermeasures to reduce negative consequences of accidental contamination of the environment by ...
Radioprotection, 2002
14 years after the nuclear reactor accident in Chernobyl, activity concentrations of lake water a... more 14 years after the nuclear reactor accident in Chernobyl, activity concentrations of lake water are measured as 0.06 mBq/l, 2 mBq/l; and 60 mBq/l in Lake Constance, Lake Lugano and Lake Vorsee. These values can be explained by differences in limnological character of these lakes. To describe and predict the data of lake water contamination we use (1) a simple exponential "transfer function" model for the runoff of activity from contaminated catchments, and assume that runoff water determines lake water contamination. In a second approach (2) lake water residence times and 137 Cs uptake by sediments are taken into account together with runoff. With their blind predictions both models describe the 137 Cs contamination in lake water of the three lakes quite well. Based on the second approach, a fish model is used to blindly predict the fish contamination in Lake Constance and Lake Vorsee with a deviation smaller than factor 10 from measured values. Attempts to use these models also for a number of other lakes in Europe and in the CIS countries near to the site of Chernobyl are promising with respect to a generalisation of our results to predict 137 Cs contamination of freshwater lakes for radiation protection purposes in case of emergency.
Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, 1979
... in the last years, especially with respect to their spin glass and mictomagnetic proper-ties:... more ... in the last years, especially with respect to their spin glass and mictomagnetic proper-ties: recent reviews are given by Mydosh (1977), Heber (1976) and ... Hauser (1972) found for a Cu + 10 at", Mn film, sputtered on a cold substrate, no remanent magnetisation, whereas for a film ...
Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, 1978
ABSTRACT For bulk alloys of Au+8.5 at.% Fe and Au+12.3 at.% Fe the temperature Tf shifts by 0.9K ... more ABSTRACT For bulk alloys of Au+8.5 at.% Fe and Au+12.3 at.% Fe the temperature Tf shifts by 0.9K and 1.1K to higher values when the frequency increases from 110 Hz to 5500 Hz. Tf of Au+4.5 at.% Fe is independent of the frequency. The reduction of the maximum of the initial susceptibility due to applied DC fields decreases with rising frequency. These results can be interpreted in terms of superparamagnetic Fe clusters freezing out near Tf.
Physica B+C, 1981
ABSTRACT
Physica Status Solidi (a), 1981
ABSTRACT
Science of The Total Environment, 1996
Since 1987, in Southern Germany, as a consequence of the Chernobyl accident, the '37Cs activity c... more Since 1987, in Southern Germany, as a consequence of the Chernobyl accident, the '37Cs activity concentration in roe deer (Capreolus capeohs) has been intensively monitored. A large data set is now available with approximately 5000 samples, with information about the location of the animal, the time of slaughtering, soil characteristics and distance to intensively managed agricultural land. Both the roe deer 13'Cs activity concentrations and aggregated transfer coefficients soil-roe deer (T,,,,) show a considerable variability with geometric mean and geometric standard deviation in meat of 270.3.5" Bq'kg-' and 0.01.3.5" m*.kgg', respectively. From 1987 to 1991, Z"'ag,r values exhibited a decline with an ecological half-life of about 3 years. Since 1991, no further decrease of the roe deer contamination level was observed. This general trend is superimposed by an increase in Tag,r in autumn that has occurred in almost every year, which is probably due to consumption of mushrooms. This hypothesis is supported by a significant positive correlation between the precipitation during July and August, stimulating the fungi's growth and the height of the maximum in T,g,r in autumn.
Physics Letters A, 1979
The perturbed y-ãngulai correlation technique is applied to amorphous metals for the first time. ... more The perturbed y-ãngulai correlation technique is applied to amorphous metals for the first time. Measurements at 111Cd nuclei in amorphous gallium films show a broad probability distribution of the electric field gradient tensor. A quantitative explanation within a continuous random structural model for amorphous metals is presented which has general applicability.
Physics Letters A, 1976
Metastable Cd-Fe solid solutions show a minimum in the electrical resistivity at low temperature.... more Metastable Cd-Fe solid solutions show a minimum in the electrical resistivity at low temperature. With rising Fe concentration the depth of the minimum increases in magnitude and the minimum shifts to higher temperature.
Physics Letters A, 1974
The residual resistivity of amorphous Sn-Cu alloys increases with the Cu-concentration. Both posi... more The residual resistivity of amorphous Sn-Cu alloys increases with the Cu-concentration. Both positive and negative temperature coefficients are observed. The positive temperature coefficient and the transition temperature of superconductivity depend linearly on the Cu-concentration and both vanish simultaneously.
Science of The Total Environment, 1994
Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, 1979
AuCo solid solutions of Co concentration ranging from 4 to 23 at.% are produced by simultaneous e... more AuCo solid solutions of Co concentration ranging from 4 to 23 at.% are produced by simultaneous evaporation of both components on a substrate held at 14K. The susceptibility of the films (thickness 2 mu m) is determined in situ by applying AC magnetic fields of 0.6 to 11.5 mT and frequencies of 12 to 5500 Hz, DC fields can be
Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, 1979
ABSTRACT A transmission spectrometer utilising quartz fibre light pipes and operating at photon e... more ABSTRACT A transmission spectrometer utilising quartz fibre light pipes and operating at photon energies between 0.64 and 5.4 eV is described. The sample chamber of the spectrometer consists of an ultra-high-vacuum cryostat allowing us to produce metastable alloy films. Measurement of the films at low temperature and annealing at temperatures below 600K are feasible in situ. As a result the authors present the optical properties of metastable, polycrystalline CuFe films in the concentration range 0-100 at.% Fe. The films are evaporated at 77K and subsequently annealed at 350K. Transmission spectra are taken between 1.2 and 5.4 eV. For Fe concentrations between 0-20 at.% the square of the plasma frequency depends linearly on concentration as predicted by the theory of virtual bound states. The interband transitions at 2.2 eV and 5 eV do not shift in this concentration range, whereas the parallel band absorption at 4.8 eV disappears.
Journal de Physique, 1984
2014 Des films d'alliages de Mn et Fe dilués dans des métaux polyvalents sont déposés sur un subs... more 2014 Des films d'alliages de Mn et Fe dilués dans des métaux polyvalents sont déposés sur un substrat à 10 K. La résistivité électrique est mesurée au-dessous des différentes températures de recuit. Les AlMn n'est pas produite par les atomes Mn isolés. Abstract 2014 Polyvalent metal films with dissolved magnetic additions are produced by quench condensation onto a substrate held at 10 K. The films are subsequently annealed at higher temperature Ta. The electrical resistance is measured below Ta.
Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, 1985
Random substitutional alloys of CuFe with Fe concentrations 0.8-8 at.% Fe are produced by quenchi... more Random substitutional alloys of CuFe with Fe concentrations 0.8-8 at.% Fe are produced by quenching from the vapour phase onto a cold substrate. The paramagnetic susceptibility chi is measured in situ using AC magnetic fields of 2.2-11.5 mT at frequencies between 33 and 5500 Hz and temperatures from 2.5 to 80K. The paramagnetic Curie temperature theta , the effective magnetic moment peff and the temperature Tf of the susceptibility maximum depend on Fe concentration and annealing. Alloys annealed at 80K do not show a frequency dependence of Tf. A reduction of chi near Tf in small DC fields is found only after annealing at 300K. A comparison with the properties of bulk CuFe alloys shows that the Tf values are nearly the same whereas the theta and peff values of the alloy films are much smaller than for the corresponding bulk alloys.
Contaminated Forests, 1999
The experience of radiation accidents, the Chernobyl accident in the first place, has shown that ... more The experience of radiation accidents, the Chernobyl accident in the first place, has shown that the methodology used to develop and estimate the effectiveness of countermeasures to reduce negative consequences of accidental contamination of the environment by ...
Radioprotection, 2002
14 years after the nuclear reactor accident in Chernobyl, activity concentrations of lake water a... more 14 years after the nuclear reactor accident in Chernobyl, activity concentrations of lake water are measured as 0.06 mBq/l, 2 mBq/l; and 60 mBq/l in Lake Constance, Lake Lugano and Lake Vorsee. These values can be explained by differences in limnological character of these lakes. To describe and predict the data of lake water contamination we use (1) a simple exponential "transfer function" model for the runoff of activity from contaminated catchments, and assume that runoff water determines lake water contamination. In a second approach (2) lake water residence times and 137 Cs uptake by sediments are taken into account together with runoff. With their blind predictions both models describe the 137 Cs contamination in lake water of the three lakes quite well. Based on the second approach, a fish model is used to blindly predict the fish contamination in Lake Constance and Lake Vorsee with a deviation smaller than factor 10 from measured values. Attempts to use these models also for a number of other lakes in Europe and in the CIS countries near to the site of Chernobyl are promising with respect to a generalisation of our results to predict 137 Cs contamination of freshwater lakes for radiation protection purposes in case of emergency.
Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, 1979
... in the last years, especially with respect to their spin glass and mictomagnetic proper-ties:... more ... in the last years, especially with respect to their spin glass and mictomagnetic proper-ties: recent reviews are given by Mydosh (1977), Heber (1976) and ... Hauser (1972) found for a Cu + 10 at", Mn film, sputtered on a cold substrate, no remanent magnetisation, whereas for a film ...
Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, 1978
ABSTRACT For bulk alloys of Au+8.5 at.% Fe and Au+12.3 at.% Fe the temperature Tf shifts by 0.9K ... more ABSTRACT For bulk alloys of Au+8.5 at.% Fe and Au+12.3 at.% Fe the temperature Tf shifts by 0.9K and 1.1K to higher values when the frequency increases from 110 Hz to 5500 Hz. Tf of Au+4.5 at.% Fe is independent of the frequency. The reduction of the maximum of the initial susceptibility due to applied DC fields decreases with rising frequency. These results can be interpreted in terms of superparamagnetic Fe clusters freezing out near Tf.
Physica B+C, 1981
ABSTRACT
Physica Status Solidi (a), 1981
ABSTRACT
Science of The Total Environment, 1996
Since 1987, in Southern Germany, as a consequence of the Chernobyl accident, the '37Cs activity c... more Since 1987, in Southern Germany, as a consequence of the Chernobyl accident, the '37Cs activity concentration in roe deer (Capreolus capeohs) has been intensively monitored. A large data set is now available with approximately 5000 samples, with information about the location of the animal, the time of slaughtering, soil characteristics and distance to intensively managed agricultural land. Both the roe deer 13'Cs activity concentrations and aggregated transfer coefficients soil-roe deer (T,,,,) show a considerable variability with geometric mean and geometric standard deviation in meat of 270.3.5" Bq'kg-' and 0.01.3.5" m*.kgg', respectively. From 1987 to 1991, Z"'ag,r values exhibited a decline with an ecological half-life of about 3 years. Since 1991, no further decrease of the roe deer contamination level was observed. This general trend is superimposed by an increase in Tag,r in autumn that has occurred in almost every year, which is probably due to consumption of mushrooms. This hypothesis is supported by a significant positive correlation between the precipitation during July and August, stimulating the fungi's growth and the height of the maximum in T,g,r in autumn.
Physics Letters A, 1979
The perturbed y-ãngulai correlation technique is applied to amorphous metals for the first time. ... more The perturbed y-ãngulai correlation technique is applied to amorphous metals for the first time. Measurements at 111Cd nuclei in amorphous gallium films show a broad probability distribution of the electric field gradient tensor. A quantitative explanation within a continuous random structural model for amorphous metals is presented which has general applicability.
Physics Letters A, 1976
Metastable Cd-Fe solid solutions show a minimum in the electrical resistivity at low temperature.... more Metastable Cd-Fe solid solutions show a minimum in the electrical resistivity at low temperature. With rising Fe concentration the depth of the minimum increases in magnitude and the minimum shifts to higher temperature.
Physics Letters A, 1974
The residual resistivity of amorphous Sn-Cu alloys increases with the Cu-concentration. Both posi... more The residual resistivity of amorphous Sn-Cu alloys increases with the Cu-concentration. Both positive and negative temperature coefficients are observed. The positive temperature coefficient and the transition temperature of superconductivity depend linearly on the Cu-concentration and both vanish simultaneously.