ChronoEdit (original) (raw)

ChronoEdit: Towards Temporal Reasoning for Image Editing and World Simulation from NVIDIA and University of Toronto, by Jay Zhangjie Wu, Xuanchi Ren, Tianchang Shen, Tianshi Cao, Kai He, Yifan Lu, Ruiyuan Gao, Enze Xie, Shiyi Lan, Jose M. Alvarez, Jun Gao, Sanja Fidler, Zian Wang, Huan Ling.

TL;DR: ChronoEdit reframes image editing as a video generation task, using input and edited images as start/end frames to leverage pretrained video models with temporal consistency. A temporal reasoning stage introduces reasoning tokens to ensure physically plausible edits and visualize the editing trajectory.

Recent advances in large generative models have greatly enhanced both image editing and in-context image generation, yet a critical gap remains in ensuring physical consistency, where edited objects must remain coherent. This capability is especially vital for world simulation related tasks. In this paper, we present ChronoEdit, a framework that reframes image editing as a video generation problem. First, ChronoEdit treats the input and edited images as the first and last frames of a video, allowing it to leverage large pretrained video generative models that capture not only object appearance but also the implicit physics of motion and interaction through learned temporal consistency. Second, ChronoEdit introduces a temporal reasoning stage that explicitly performs editing at inference time. Under this setting, target frame is jointly denoised with reasoning tokens to imagine a plausible editing trajectory that constrains the solution space to physically viable transformations. The reasoning tokens are then dropped after a few steps to avoid the high computational cost of rendering a full video. To validate ChronoEdit, we introduce PBench-Edit, a new benchmark of image-prompt pairs for contexts that require physical consistency, and demonstrate that ChronoEdit surpasses state-of-the-art baselines in both visual fidelity and physical plausibility. Project page for code and models: this https URL.

The ChronoEdit pipeline is developed by the ChronoEdit Team. The original code is available on GitHub, and pretrained models can be found in the nvidia/ChronoEdit collection on Hugging Face.

Image Editing

import torch import numpy as np from diffusers import AutoencoderKLWan, ChronoEditTransformer3DModel, ChronoEditPipeline from diffusers.utils import export_to_video, load_image from transformers import CLIPVisionModel from PIL import Image

model_id = "nvidia/ChronoEdit-14B-Diffusers" image_encoder = CLIPVisionModel.from_pretrained(model_id, subfolder="image_encoder", torch_dtype=torch.float32) vae = AutoencoderKLWan.from_pretrained(model_id, subfolder="vae", torch_dtype=torch.float32) transformer = ChronoEditTransformer3DModel.from_pretrained(model_id, subfolder="transformer", torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16) pipe = ChronoEditPipeline.from_pretrained(model_id, image_encoder=image_encoder, transformer=transformer, vae=vae, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16) pipe.to("cuda")

image = load_image( "https://huggingface.co/spaces/nvidia/ChronoEdit/resolve/main/examples/3.png" ) max_area = 720 * 1280 aspect_ratio = image.height / image.width mod_value = pipe.vae_scale_factor_spatial * pipe.transformer.config.patch_size[1] height = round(np.sqrt(max_area * aspect_ratio)) // mod_value * mod_value width = round(np.sqrt(max_area / aspect_ratio)) // mod_value * mod_value print("width", width, "height", height) image = image.resize((width, height)) prompt = ( "The user wants to transform the image by adding a small, cute mouse sitting inside the floral teacup, enjoying a spa bath. The mouse should appear relaxed and cheerful, with a tiny white bath towel draped over its head like a turban. It should be positioned comfortably in the cup’s liquid, with gentle steam rising around it to blend with the cozy atmosphere. " "The mouse’s pose should be natural—perhaps sitting upright with paws resting lightly on the rim or submerged in the tea. The teacup’s floral design, gold trim, and warm lighting must remain unchanged to preserve the original aesthetic. The steam should softly swirl around the mouse, enhancing the spa-like, whimsical mood." )

output = pipe( image=image, prompt=prompt, height=height, width=width, num_frames=5, num_inference_steps=50, guidance_scale=5.0, enable_temporal_reasoning=False, num_temporal_reasoning_steps=0, ).frames[0] Image.fromarray((output[-1] * 255).clip(0, 255).astype("uint8")).save("output.png")

Optionally, enable temporal reasoning for improved physical consistency:

output = pipe( image=image, prompt=prompt, height=height, width=width, num_frames=29, num_inference_steps=50, guidance_scale=5.0, enable_temporal_reasoning=True, num_temporal_reasoning_steps=50, ).frames[0] export_to_video(output, "output.mp4", fps=16) Image.fromarray((output[-1] * 255).clip(0, 255).astype("uint8")).save("output.png")

Inference with 8-Step Distillation Lora

import torch import numpy as np from diffusers import AutoencoderKLWan, ChronoEditTransformer3DModel, ChronoEditPipeline from diffusers.utils import export_to_video, load_image from transformers import CLIPVisionModel from PIL import Image

model_id = "nvidia/ChronoEdit-14B-Diffusers" image_encoder = CLIPVisionModel.from_pretrained(model_id, subfolder="image_encoder", torch_dtype=torch.float32) vae = AutoencoderKLWan.from_pretrained(model_id, subfolder="vae", torch_dtype=torch.float32) transformer = ChronoEditTransformer3DModel.from_pretrained(model_id, subfolder="transformer", torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16) pipe = ChronoEditPipeline.from_pretrained(model_id, image_encoder=image_encoder, transformer=transformer, vae=vae, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16) lora_path = hf_hub_download(repo_id=model_id, filename="lora/chronoedit_distill_lora.safetensors") pipe.load_lora_weights(lora_path) pipe.fuse_lora(lora_scale=1.0) pipe.scheduler = UniPCMultistepScheduler.from_config(pipe.scheduler.config, flow_shift=2.0) pipe.to("cuda")

image = load_image( "https://huggingface.co/spaces/nvidia/ChronoEdit/resolve/main/examples/3.png" ) max_area = 720 * 1280 aspect_ratio = image.height / image.width mod_value = pipe.vae_scale_factor_spatial * pipe.transformer.config.patch_size[1] height = round(np.sqrt(max_area * aspect_ratio)) // mod_value * mod_value width = round(np.sqrt(max_area / aspect_ratio)) // mod_value * mod_value print("width", width, "height", height) image = image.resize((width, height)) prompt = ( "The user wants to transform the image by adding a small, cute mouse sitting inside the floral teacup, enjoying a spa bath. The mouse should appear relaxed and cheerful, with a tiny white bath towel draped over its head like a turban. It should be positioned comfortably in the cup’s liquid, with gentle steam rising around it to blend with the cozy atmosphere. " "The mouse’s pose should be natural—perhaps sitting upright with paws resting lightly on the rim or submerged in the tea. The teacup’s floral design, gold trim, and warm lighting must remain unchanged to preserve the original aesthetic. The steam should softly swirl around the mouse, enhancing the spa-like, whimsical mood." )

output = pipe( image=image, prompt=prompt, height=height, width=width, num_frames=5, num_inference_steps=8, guidance_scale=1.0, enable_temporal_reasoning=False, num_temporal_reasoning_steps=0, ).frames[0] export_to_video(output, "output.mp4", fps=16) Image.fromarray((output[-1] * 255).clip(0, 255).astype("uint8")).save("output.png")

ChronoEditPipeline

class diffusers.ChronoEditPipeline

< source >

( tokenizer: AutoTokenizer text_encoder: UMT5EncoderModel image_encoder: CLIPVisionModel image_processor: CLIPImageProcessor transformer: ChronoEditTransformer3DModel vae: AutoencoderKLWan scheduler: FlowMatchEulerDiscreteScheduler )

Parameters

• tokenizer (T5Tokenizer) — Tokenizer from T5, specifically the google/umt5-xxl variant.
• text_encoder (T5EncoderModel) —T5, specifically the google/umt5-xxl variant.
• image_encoder (CLIPVisionModel) —CLIP, specifically theclip-vit-huge-patch14variant.
• transformer (WanTransformer3DModel) — Conditional Transformer to denoise the input latents.
• scheduler (UniPCMultistepScheduler) — A scheduler to be used in combination with transformer to denoise the encoded image latents.
• vae (AutoencoderKLWan) — Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) Model to encode and decode videos to and from latent representations.

Pipeline for image-to-video generation using Wan.

This model inherits from DiffusionPipeline. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods implemented for all pipelines (downloading, saving, running on a particular device, etc.).

__call__

< source >

( image: typing.Union[PIL.Image.Image, numpy.ndarray, torch.Tensor, typing.List[PIL.Image.Image], typing.List[numpy.ndarray], typing.List[torch.Tensor]] prompt: typing.Union[str, typing.List[str]] = None negative_prompt: typing.Union[str, typing.List[str]] = None height: int = 480 width: int = 832 num_frames: int = 81 num_inference_steps: int = 50 guidance_scale: float = 5.0 num_videos_per_prompt: typing.Optional[int] = 1 generator: typing.Union[torch._C.Generator, typing.List[torch._C.Generator], NoneType] = None latents: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None prompt_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None negative_prompt_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None image_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None output_type: typing.Optional[str] = 'np' return_dict: bool = True attention_kwargs: typing.Optional[typing.Dict[str, typing.Any]] = None callback_on_step_end: typing.Union[typing.Callable[[int, int, typing.Dict], NoneType], diffusers.callbacks.PipelineCallback, diffusers.callbacks.MultiPipelineCallbacks, NoneType] = None callback_on_step_end_tensor_inputs: typing.List[str] = ['latents'] max_sequence_length: int = 512 enable_temporal_reasoning: bool = False num_temporal_reasoning_steps: int = 0 ) → ~ChronoEditPipelineOutput or tuple

Parameters

• image (PipelineImageInput) — The input image to condition the generation on. Must be an image, a list of images or a torch.Tensor.
• prompt (str or List[str], optional) — The prompt or prompts to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to pass prompt_embeds. instead.
• negative_prompt (str or List[str], optional) — The prompt or prompts not to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to passnegative_prompt_embeds instead. Ignored when not using guidance (i.e., ignored if guidance_scale is less than 1).
• height (int, defaults to 480) — The height of the generated video.
• width (int, defaults to 832) — The width of the generated video.
• num_frames (int, defaults to 81) — The number of frames in the generated video.
• num_inference_steps (int, defaults to 50) — The number of denoising steps. More denoising steps usually lead to a higher quality image at the expense of slower inference.
• guidance_scale (float, defaults to 5.0) — Guidance scale as defined in Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance.guidance_scale is defined as w of equation 2. of Imagen Paper. Guidance scale is enabled by setting guidance_scale > 1. Higher guidance scale encourages to generate images that are closely linked to the text prompt, usually at the expense of lower image quality.
• num_videos_per_prompt (int, optional, defaults to 1) — The number of images to generate per prompt.
• generator (torch.Generator or List[torch.Generator], optional) — A torch.Generator to make generation deterministic.
• latents (torch.Tensor, optional) — Pre-generated noisy latents sampled from a Gaussian distribution, to be used as inputs for image generation. Can be used to tweak the same generation with different prompts. If not provided, a latents tensor is generated by sampling using the supplied random generator.
• prompt_embeds (torch.Tensor, optional) — Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs (prompt weighting). If not provided, text embeddings are generated from the prompt input argument.
• negative_prompt_embeds (torch.Tensor, optional) — Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs (prompt weighting). If not provided, text embeddings are generated from the negative_prompt input argument.
• image_embeds (torch.Tensor, optional) — Pre-generated image embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak image inputs (weighting). If not provided, image embeddings are generated from the image input argument.
• output_type (str, optional, defaults to "np") — The output format of the generated image. Choose between PIL.Image or np.array.
• return_dict (bool, optional, defaults to True) — Whether or not to return a ChronoEditPipelineOutput instead of a plain tuple.
• attention_kwargs (dict, optional) — A kwargs dictionary that if specified is passed along to the AttentionProcessor as defined underself.processor indiffusers.models.attention_processor.
• callback_on_step_end (Callable, PipelineCallback, MultiPipelineCallbacks, optional) — A function or a subclass of PipelineCallback or MultiPipelineCallbacks that is called at the end of each denoising step during the inference. with the following arguments: callback_on_step_end(self: DiffusionPipeline, step: int, timestep: int, callback_kwargs: Dict). callback_kwargs will include a list of all tensors as specified by callback_on_step_end_tensor_inputs.
• callback_on_step_end_tensor_inputs (List, optional) — The list of tensor inputs for the callback_on_step_end function. The tensors specified in the list will be passed as callback_kwargs argument. You will only be able to include variables listed in the._callback_tensor_inputs attribute of your pipeline class.
• max_sequence_length (int, defaults to 512) — The maximum sequence length of the text encoder. If the prompt is longer than this, it will be truncated. If the prompt is shorter, it will be padded to this length.
• enable_temporal_reasoning (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether to enable temporal reasoning.
• num_temporal_reasoning_steps (int, optional, defaults to 0) — The number of steps to enable temporal reasoning.

Returns

~ChronoEditPipelineOutput or tuple

If return_dict is True, ChronoEditPipelineOutput is returned, otherwise a tuple is returned where the first element is a list with the generated images and the second element is a list of bools indicating whether the corresponding generated image contains “not-safe-for-work” (nsfw) content.

The call function to the pipeline for generation.

Examples:

import torch import numpy as np from diffusers import AutoencoderKLWan, ChronoEditTransformer3DModel, ChronoEditPipeline from diffusers.utils import export_to_video, load_image from transformers import CLIPVisionModel

model_id = "nvidia/ChronoEdit-14B-Diffusers" image_encoder = CLIPVisionModel.from_pretrained( ... model_id, subfolder="image_encoder", torch_dtype=torch.float32 ... ) vae = AutoencoderKLWan.from_pretrained(model_id, subfolder="vae", torch_dtype=torch.float32) transformer = ChronoEditTransformer3DModel.from_pretrained( ... model_id, subfolder="transformer", torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16 ... ) pipe = ChronoEditPipeline.from_pretrained( ... model_id, vae=vae, image_encoder=image_encoder, transformer=transformer, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16 ... ) pipe.to("cuda")

image = load_image("https://huggingface.co/spaces/nvidia/ChronoEdit/resolve/main/examples/3.png") max_area = 720 * 1280 aspect_ratio = image.height / image.width mod_value = pipe.vae_scale_factor_spatial * pipe.transformer.config.patch_size[1] height = round(np.sqrt(max_area * aspect_ratio)) // mod_value * mod_value width = round(np.sqrt(max_area / aspect_ratio)) // mod_value * mod_value image = image.resize((width, height)) prompt = ( ... "The user wants to transform the image by adding a small, cute mouse sitting inside the floral teacup, enjoying a spa bath. The mouse should appear relaxed and cheerful, with a tiny white bath towel draped over its head like a turban. It should be positioned comfortably in the cup’s liquid, with gentle steam rising around it to blend with the cozy atmosphere. " ... "The mouse’s pose should be natural—perhaps sitting upright with paws resting lightly on the rim or submerged in the tea. The teacup’s floral design, gold trim, and warm lighting must remain unchanged to preserve the original aesthetic. The steam should softly swirl around the mouse, enhancing the spa-like, whimsical mood." ... )

output = pipe( ... image=image, ... prompt=prompt, ... height=height, ... width=width, ... num_frames=5, ... guidance_scale=5.0, ... enable_temporal_reasoning=False, ... num_temporal_reasoning_steps=0, ... ).frames[0] export_to_video(output, "output.mp4", fps=16)

encode_prompt

< source >

( prompt: typing.Union[str, typing.List[str]] negative_prompt: typing.Union[str, typing.List[str], NoneType] = None do_classifier_free_guidance: bool = True num_videos_per_prompt: int = 1 prompt_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None negative_prompt_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None max_sequence_length: int = 226 device: typing.Optional[torch.device] = None dtype: typing.Optional[torch.dtype] = None )

Parameters

• prompt (str or List[str], optional) — prompt to be encoded
• negative_prompt (str or List[str], optional) — The prompt or prompts not to guide the image generation. If not defined, one has to passnegative_prompt_embeds instead. Ignored when not using guidance (i.e., ignored if guidance_scale is less than 1).
• do_classifier_free_guidance (bool, optional, defaults to True) — Whether to use classifier free guidance or not.
• num_videos_per_prompt (int, optional, defaults to 1) — Number of videos that should be generated per prompt. torch device to place the resulting embeddings on
• prompt_embeds (torch.Tensor, optional) — Pre-generated text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, e.g. prompt weighting. If not provided, text embeddings will be generated from prompt input argument.
• negative_prompt_embeds (torch.Tensor, optional) — Pre-generated negative text embeddings. Can be used to easily tweak text inputs, e.g. prompt weighting. If not provided, negative_prompt_embeds will be generated from negative_prompt input argument.
• device — (torch.device, optional): torch device
• dtype — (torch.dtype, optional): torch dtype

Encodes the prompt into text encoder hidden states.

ChronoEditPipelineOutput

class diffusers.pipelines.chronoedit.pipeline_output.ChronoEditPipelineOutput

< source >

( frames: Tensor )

Parameters

• frames (torch.Tensor, np.ndarray, or List[List[PIL.Image.Image]]) — List of video outputs - It can be a nested list of length batch_size, with each sub-list containing denoised PIL image sequences of length num_frames. It can also be a NumPy array or Torch tensor of shape(batch_size, num_frames, channels, height, width).

Output class for ChronoEdit pipelines.

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