Vitaly A . Kryukov | Lomonosov Moscow State University (original) (raw)
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Papers by Vitaly A . Kryukov
InterCarto. InterGIS, 2021
The scale of functional zones transformations, related nature conservation regulations, vulnerabi... more The scale of functional zones transformations, related nature conservation regulations, vulnerability of ecosystems to human impact, PAs borders transformations, changes of ecosystem potentials (estimated in two ways: on the basis of ecosystem services value and functional zoning and PAs restrictions established by law) is assessed in case study PA—Setun valley nature reserve (Moscow, Russia). Free open-source softwares QGIS and InVEST, open-access spatial data were used. Crucial negative transformations and predominance of negative zoning areas with too mild nature protection regimes have been revealed: landscape metrics indices rise (some of them more than doubled, especially coefficient of ideal form), exclusion of some PA part and its compensations with valley parts that are lie further away from main PA part, average-weighted ecosystem potentials difference estimated in two ways is -4.8 (possible values range from -20 to +20), reduction of zones with strict nature protection re...
Urban green infrastructure: detailed approach to ecosystem/cultural services, 2022
Urban green infrastructure (GI) and protected areas (PAs) are specifi c nature and cultural space... more Urban green infrastructure (GI) and protected areas (PAs) are specifi c nature and cultural spaces in cities exposed to various negative and positive transformations. These spaces have a wide range of ecosystem services which are crucial for the nature conservation and citizens at the same time. According to Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, CICES, NEA such cultural services as recreation, historic heritage, "sense of place" etc. are included in ecosystem services. However, matter, energy and information balances are rather complicated urban spaces due to enormous technogenic impact on small area. Thus, ecosystem and social aspects are in great contradiction. Total institutional value according to functional zoning (I) and actual lanscape deterioration through on-site surveys and ability to proceed ecosystem services through InVEST tools (E) were assessed. Moreover, cultural (or social) value on the basis of functional zoning and GI popularity among visitors was assessed (S). Diff erences of I and E, E and S were analyzed through integrated maps in QGIS. The case areas of study are three PAs in Moscow (Russia), but it is possible to extend such method to other cities and green areas. According to gained through assessment maps E-I and E-S parameters were analyzed: they have values from-5.8 to-1.6 (possible values vary from-20 to 20). Strong spatial diff erences are existing: riparian forests and meadows are under strong human impact and mild regulations, despite its high ecosystem value. Moreover, restrictions of all PAs are quite insuffi cient to sustain biotopes. Besides this, according to poll of citizens, environmental factors are less important, than economic and cultural ones. Likewise, citizens are more interested in cultural landscapes with forest plantations, than natural biotopes preserved in these cities yet. The used group of methods may be used to resolve a dilemma between protection and exploitation and to define the most of gaps in green infrastructure planning and management.
Assessment of urban protected areas regulations changes using GIS software, 2021
The scale of functional zones transformations, related nature conservation regulations, vulnerabi... more The scale of functional zones transformations, related nature conservation regulations, vulnerability of ecosystems to human impact, PAs borders transformations, changes of ecosystem potentials (estimated in two ways: on the basis of ecosystem services value and functional zoning and PAs restrictions established by law) is assessed in case study PA—Setun valley nature reserve (Moscow, Russia). Free open-source softwares QGIS and InVEST, open-access spatial data were used. Crucial negative transformations and predominance of negative zoning areas with too mild nature protection regimes have been revealed: landscape metrics indices rise (some of them more than doubled, especially coefficient of ideal form), exclusion of some PA part and its compensations with valley parts that are lie further away from main PA part, average-weighted ecosystem potentials difference estimated in two ways is -4.8 (possible values range from -20 to +20), reduction of zones with strict nature protection restrictions from 35% to 11%. Growth of recreational potential and construction of large transport objects are the crucial causes of current negative changes in case-study reserve at the same time, construction of engineering, social and administrative facilities are the secondary causes. Associated rise of road and pedestrian network is leading to PAs cores fragmentation and decrease of its ability to complete the main reserve goal—a conservation of natural and cultural complexes and biodiversity. The results of case-study reserve transformations analysis demonstrate an imbalance in sustainable development triad “nature-society-economy” in favour of last two components.
Assessment of the contribution of environmental and social factors to livability in Moscow, 2020
Liveability of cities and urban space quality are receiving the increasing attention in contempor... more Liveability of cities and urban space quality are receiving the increasing attention in contemporary
world. Urban liveability is an objective condition and subjective perception of physical and mental health,
safety and convenience of the current state of a city by its residents. AHP method, widely used for
scientific investigations, was applied to assess the liveability of a study area including several Moscow
districts, of New Moscow as well. The results of opinion polls and sociological surveys were used to
improve pair-wise comparison method. Six groups of environmental and social factors were ranked on the
basis of calculated weights. In general, social factors, accounting for 65,5% (transport accessibility 39,1%
and accessibility of infrastructure facilities 26,4% of the total) are more essential than ecological ones
which account for 34,5% (environmental contamination 8,9%, green areas accessibility and quality 11,5%,
noise pollution 11,7%, adverse geomorphologic processes 2,4%). The results of the assessment may be
used in urban planning. The spatial features of liveability were analyzed using GIS software. Liveability of
every residential building within the area under study was evaluated basing on the factors’ weights.
Assessment schemes of case study area were designed for each factor. New Moscow and Moscow within
its old boundaries (before 01.07.2012) are considerably different: the newly-annexed territories are less
comfortable because of poorer accessibility of transport and infrastructure facilities, higher noise pollution
and environment contamination. It has been revealed, that multistoried buildings of Solntsevo and Novo-
Peredelkino are the most liveable, while low buildings in the neighborhood of Vnukovo district and Vnukovo
village are the least liveable.
Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 2022
To take into account both ecosystem and socio-economic functions, it is necessary to carry out fu... more To take into account both ecosystem and socio-economic functions, it is necessary to carry out functional zoning of specially protected natural areas (SPNA). The dynamics of zoning of the Losiny Ostrov National Park from 1988 to 2012 was assessed from the position of environmental regimes using open-access data. Using GIS technologies, the estimated dynamic schemes of environmental restrictions were obtained. The tendency to easing regulations clearly exists: the weighted average dynamic parameter of environmental value is -3.27 (possible values vary from -20 to 20). The 2012 version established stronger transformations of environmental restrictions than in 2010 (dynamic indicators are -0.62 and -2.65, respectively). The greatest negative changes for natural complexes are associated with the allocation of a historical and cultural zone, the transformation of third-party user sites into economic zones, the expansion of the recreational zone, and the disappearance of the educational a...
Environmental, Social and Economic Potentials of Urban Protected Areas: Case Study of Moscow, Russia, 2021
Protected areas (PAs) are becoming more and more vulnerable to urbanization processes, expansion... more Protected areas (PAs) are becoming more and more vulnerable to
urbanization processes, expansion of built-up areas and severe shortage of space.
Moscow is one of the most fast-growing European cities, therefore, this problem has a great relevance there. Two case study areas, Severny and Altufjevsky
reserves, covering about 94 and 82 hectares, are located in the north of Moscow.
PA Regulations, published in 2020 and approved by Government of Moscow, are
the main data sources, particularly for land-use planning, protection regimes and
special structures. Besides, the results of landscape structure investigations, open access data by Information System Ensuring Spatial Planning (ISOGD), Moscow
Government open-access data hub were used. According to Regulations, natural
and semi-natural zones constitute only 37% i 16% of the total area. Spatial differences between present environment state and zoning established by regional laws
were analyzed by GIS-overlay and rating scales. Moreover, PA socio-economic
potential was investigated, using rating scales of 7 groups of functions. Overlay difference between environmental and socio-economic potentials (EP1-SEP
parameter) has become the tool to detect spaces providing ecosystem protection
functions, but exposed to strong human impact. Although some areas are used
mostly for social and economic purposes, semi-natural zones are under quite strict
protection regimes. Area-weighted EP1-SEP parameter of PA are estimated to 2.9
and 2.4 respectively (from a possible range from −20 to 20) and hence zoning
is correlated with ecosystem functions in general, except large-scale inconsistencies. This algorithm can be used to resolve a dilemma between protection and
exploitation.
InterCarto. InterGIS, 2021
The scale of functional zones transformations, related nature conservation regulations, vulnerabi... more The scale of functional zones transformations, related nature conservation regulations, vulnerability of ecosystems to human impact, PAs borders transformations, changes of ecosystem potentials (estimated in two ways: on the basis of ecosystem services value and functional zoning and PAs restrictions established by law) is assessed in case study PA—Setun valley nature reserve (Moscow, Russia). Free open-source softwares QGIS and InVEST, open-access spatial data were used. Crucial negative transformations and predominance of negative zoning areas with too mild nature protection regimes have been revealed: landscape metrics indices rise (some of them more than doubled, especially coefficient of ideal form), exclusion of some PA part and its compensations with valley parts that are lie further away from main PA part, average-weighted ecosystem potentials difference estimated in two ways is -4.8 (possible values range from -20 to +20), reduction of zones with strict nature protection re...
Urban green infrastructure: detailed approach to ecosystem/cultural services, 2022
Urban green infrastructure (GI) and protected areas (PAs) are specifi c nature and cultural space... more Urban green infrastructure (GI) and protected areas (PAs) are specifi c nature and cultural spaces in cities exposed to various negative and positive transformations. These spaces have a wide range of ecosystem services which are crucial for the nature conservation and citizens at the same time. According to Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, CICES, NEA such cultural services as recreation, historic heritage, "sense of place" etc. are included in ecosystem services. However, matter, energy and information balances are rather complicated urban spaces due to enormous technogenic impact on small area. Thus, ecosystem and social aspects are in great contradiction. Total institutional value according to functional zoning (I) and actual lanscape deterioration through on-site surveys and ability to proceed ecosystem services through InVEST tools (E) were assessed. Moreover, cultural (or social) value on the basis of functional zoning and GI popularity among visitors was assessed (S). Diff erences of I and E, E and S were analyzed through integrated maps in QGIS. The case areas of study are three PAs in Moscow (Russia), but it is possible to extend such method to other cities and green areas. According to gained through assessment maps E-I and E-S parameters were analyzed: they have values from-5.8 to-1.6 (possible values vary from-20 to 20). Strong spatial diff erences are existing: riparian forests and meadows are under strong human impact and mild regulations, despite its high ecosystem value. Moreover, restrictions of all PAs are quite insuffi cient to sustain biotopes. Besides this, according to poll of citizens, environmental factors are less important, than economic and cultural ones. Likewise, citizens are more interested in cultural landscapes with forest plantations, than natural biotopes preserved in these cities yet. The used group of methods may be used to resolve a dilemma between protection and exploitation and to define the most of gaps in green infrastructure planning and management.
Assessment of urban protected areas regulations changes using GIS software, 2021
The scale of functional zones transformations, related nature conservation regulations, vulnerabi... more The scale of functional zones transformations, related nature conservation regulations, vulnerability of ecosystems to human impact, PAs borders transformations, changes of ecosystem potentials (estimated in two ways: on the basis of ecosystem services value and functional zoning and PAs restrictions established by law) is assessed in case study PA—Setun valley nature reserve (Moscow, Russia). Free open-source softwares QGIS and InVEST, open-access spatial data were used. Crucial negative transformations and predominance of negative zoning areas with too mild nature protection regimes have been revealed: landscape metrics indices rise (some of them more than doubled, especially coefficient of ideal form), exclusion of some PA part and its compensations with valley parts that are lie further away from main PA part, average-weighted ecosystem potentials difference estimated in two ways is -4.8 (possible values range from -20 to +20), reduction of zones with strict nature protection restrictions from 35% to 11%. Growth of recreational potential and construction of large transport objects are the crucial causes of current negative changes in case-study reserve at the same time, construction of engineering, social and administrative facilities are the secondary causes. Associated rise of road and pedestrian network is leading to PAs cores fragmentation and decrease of its ability to complete the main reserve goal—a conservation of natural and cultural complexes and biodiversity. The results of case-study reserve transformations analysis demonstrate an imbalance in sustainable development triad “nature-society-economy” in favour of last two components.
Assessment of the contribution of environmental and social factors to livability in Moscow, 2020
Liveability of cities and urban space quality are receiving the increasing attention in contempor... more Liveability of cities and urban space quality are receiving the increasing attention in contemporary
world. Urban liveability is an objective condition and subjective perception of physical and mental health,
safety and convenience of the current state of a city by its residents. AHP method, widely used for
scientific investigations, was applied to assess the liveability of a study area including several Moscow
districts, of New Moscow as well. The results of opinion polls and sociological surveys were used to
improve pair-wise comparison method. Six groups of environmental and social factors were ranked on the
basis of calculated weights. In general, social factors, accounting for 65,5% (transport accessibility 39,1%
and accessibility of infrastructure facilities 26,4% of the total) are more essential than ecological ones
which account for 34,5% (environmental contamination 8,9%, green areas accessibility and quality 11,5%,
noise pollution 11,7%, adverse geomorphologic processes 2,4%). The results of the assessment may be
used in urban planning. The spatial features of liveability were analyzed using GIS software. Liveability of
every residential building within the area under study was evaluated basing on the factors’ weights.
Assessment schemes of case study area were designed for each factor. New Moscow and Moscow within
its old boundaries (before 01.07.2012) are considerably different: the newly-annexed territories are less
comfortable because of poorer accessibility of transport and infrastructure facilities, higher noise pollution
and environment contamination. It has been revealed, that multistoried buildings of Solntsevo and Novo-
Peredelkino are the most liveable, while low buildings in the neighborhood of Vnukovo district and Vnukovo
village are the least liveable.
Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 2022
To take into account both ecosystem and socio-economic functions, it is necessary to carry out fu... more To take into account both ecosystem and socio-economic functions, it is necessary to carry out functional zoning of specially protected natural areas (SPNA). The dynamics of zoning of the Losiny Ostrov National Park from 1988 to 2012 was assessed from the position of environmental regimes using open-access data. Using GIS technologies, the estimated dynamic schemes of environmental restrictions were obtained. The tendency to easing regulations clearly exists: the weighted average dynamic parameter of environmental value is -3.27 (possible values vary from -20 to 20). The 2012 version established stronger transformations of environmental restrictions than in 2010 (dynamic indicators are -0.62 and -2.65, respectively). The greatest negative changes for natural complexes are associated with the allocation of a historical and cultural zone, the transformation of third-party user sites into economic zones, the expansion of the recreational zone, and the disappearance of the educational a...
Environmental, Social and Economic Potentials of Urban Protected Areas: Case Study of Moscow, Russia, 2021
Protected areas (PAs) are becoming more and more vulnerable to urbanization processes, expansion... more Protected areas (PAs) are becoming more and more vulnerable to
urbanization processes, expansion of built-up areas and severe shortage of space.
Moscow is one of the most fast-growing European cities, therefore, this problem has a great relevance there. Two case study areas, Severny and Altufjevsky
reserves, covering about 94 and 82 hectares, are located in the north of Moscow.
PA Regulations, published in 2020 and approved by Government of Moscow, are
the main data sources, particularly for land-use planning, protection regimes and
special structures. Besides, the results of landscape structure investigations, open access data by Information System Ensuring Spatial Planning (ISOGD), Moscow
Government open-access data hub were used. According to Regulations, natural
and semi-natural zones constitute only 37% i 16% of the total area. Spatial differences between present environment state and zoning established by regional laws
were analyzed by GIS-overlay and rating scales. Moreover, PA socio-economic
potential was investigated, using rating scales of 7 groups of functions. Overlay difference between environmental and socio-economic potentials (EP1-SEP
parameter) has become the tool to detect spaces providing ecosystem protection
functions, but exposed to strong human impact. Although some areas are used
mostly for social and economic purposes, semi-natural zones are under quite strict
protection regimes. Area-weighted EP1-SEP parameter of PA are estimated to 2.9
and 2.4 respectively (from a possible range from −20 to 20) and hence zoning
is correlated with ecosystem functions in general, except large-scale inconsistencies. This algorithm can be used to resolve a dilemma between protection and
exploitation.