Jacek Kabacinski | Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology Polish Academy of Sciences (original) (raw)

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Papers by Jacek Kabacinski

Ocalone Dziedzictwo Archeologiczne, Dec 31, 2019

SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES IN THE STONE AGE, DIRECT AND INDIRECT EVIDENCE OF FISHING AND GATHERING, 2018

Przegląd Archeologiczny, 2007

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, Apr 1, 2020

Rzucewo culture is a unique Late Neolithic/Early Bronze phenomenon related to some extent to expl... more Rzucewo culture is a unique Late Neolithic/Early Bronze phenomenon related to some extent to exploitation of marine resources. For years these people were called seal hunters due to numerous faunal remains found in their settlements located on the southern Baltic Sea coast. It is also known for intensive procurement and processing of amber. Rzucewo culture groups left numerous flint assemblages produced mainly of locally collected flint pebbles with the help of splintered technique. Technology of flint production was very simple and uniform from site to site. Eponymous Rzucewo site delivered several thousand lithics with tool group dominated by simple retouched flakes and scraping tools like end-scrapers, scrapers and side-scrapers along with groovers and perforators, notches and truncations. The inventory itself does not show differences as compared to other Rzucewo culture sites and certainly is rooted in the older Funnel Beaker culture lithic tradition. Additionally, two specific features distinguish Rzucewo culture inventory form other Neolithic industries. First is the presence of tools with recolored red surfaces that were later polished. These were not only small axes or chisel-like tools but also pebbles of raw material, and variety of other tools. Second is a specific polish observed with bare eye along the working edges of scraping tools and very often also reddish-yellowish in color. Genesis of that polish is not clear but may be related with amber processing. What is obvious in both cases, red ochre seems to be an important factor, perhaps of symbolic nature. The paper discusses results of technological, typological and traceological considerations aiming to shed light on the genesis of above phenomenon. It also attempts to evaluate whether this polish was of any importance for the subsistence or reflects extra-utilitarian cultural behavior.

Folia Quaternaria, 1999

Streszczenie angielskie: In the early 1990s another Hamburgian settlement was discovered in the n... more Streszczenie angielskie: In the early 1990s another Hamburgian settlement was discovered in the northern part of the Polish Plain-the most eastern and northern settlement known up to now. The paper discusses initial results of the international research program that was built up around this discovery:(1) stratigraphy and geomorphology of the site;(2) general characteristic of the lithic industry, and (3) faunal remains. The site at Mirkowice creates an exceptional situation for modern environmental studies of the Late Glacial, including ...

Quaternary International, 2017

Abstract In 2003 a rich Early Mesolithic peat bog site was discover in Western Poland and subsequ... more Abstract In 2003 a rich Early Mesolithic peat bog site was discover in Western Poland and subsequent interdisciplinary project let to recognise the site as one of the richest North European Plain occupation from the point of view of the organic materials it delivered. A set of technological and typological analyses of find material, supplemented by palaeoenvironmental studies and almost 50 AMS radiocarbon datings suggest an affinity of the Mesolithic occupation with the early Duvensee/Komornica culture with probable short episode of the Maglemose culture group presence in the Boreal period. A considerable number of organic artefacts made on the spot accompanied by the Early Mesolithic lithic assemblage allow a direct on-the-spot confrontation of traces recorded on bone and antler tools and on production wastes with lithic assemblage that served for their manufacturing on different stages of the production cycle. In order to verify which tools and in what ways served for elaboration of bone and antler a selected sample of flint artefacts were subjected to micro-wear analysis. As a result a number of typologically different tools were identified, used especially for scraping. Single tools only were used for cutting, reaming, grooving, chiseling and drilling. Not always it goes along with the technological observations made during the analysis of antler and bone tools itself. Picks and flake axes, numerous within the lithic assemblage, were relatively often used for nicking in the process of antler tools' manufacturing. Technological analysis of organic material reveals that bone and antler tool manufacturing was a specialized chain of operations but not all the stages of production are manifested in the analysed material.

Przegląd Archeologiczny, 2010

Quaternary International, Jul 1, 2023

Nature

Modern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years1,2. Our knowledge of the genetic r... more Modern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years1,2. Our knowledge of the genetic relatedness and structure of ancient hunter-gatherers is however limited, owing to the scarceness and poor molecular preservation of human remains from that period3. Here we analyse 356 ancient hunter-gatherer genomes, including new genomic data for 116 individuals from 14 countries in western and central Eurasia, spanning between 35,000 and 5,000 years ago. We identify a genetic ancestry profile in individuals associated with Upper Palaeolithic Gravettian assemblages from western Europe that is distinct from contemporaneous groups related to this archaeological culture in central and southern Europe4, but resembles that of preceding individuals associated with the Aurignacian culture. This ancestry profile survived during the Last Glacial Maximum (25,000 to 19,000 years ago) in human populations from southwestern Europe associated with the Solutrean culture, and with the following Magdal...

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2016

Rescue excavations at an artefact manufacturing site at Pęgów, Poddębice district, dated to the m... more Rescue excavations at an artefact manufacturing site at Pęgów, Poddębice district, dated to the modern period, have produced several dozens of lumps of flint. The flint exhibits greyish and brownish bands and is macroscopically similar to the well-known banded flint occurring in the area of Krzemionki Opatowskie, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski district. Artefacts made from this tentatively named 'Pęgów flint' have been identified in archaeological assemblages of different chronological age in the Koło Basin. To verify whether macroscopically similar nodules and artefacts come from the same outcrop and if the artefacts made of banded flint are made of the Krzemionki Opatowskie flint, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was conducted on samples of Pęgów flint and banded raw material from Krzemionki Opatowskie. Although most of the obtained results fall below INAA detection limits the compostion of chromium content in each sample may reflect common origin of all the analysed pieces from Pęgów. INAA data suggest that the artifacts made of banded flint were mot made from Krzemionki Opatowskie material.

Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society

Artificial illumination is a fundamental human need. Burning wood and other materials usually in ... more Artificial illumination is a fundamental human need. Burning wood and other materials usually in hearths and fireplaces extended daylight hours, whilst the use of flammable substances in torches offered light on the move. It is increasingly understood that pottery played a role in light production. In this study, we focus on ceramic oval bowls, made and used primarily by hunter-gatherer-fishers of the circum-Baltic over a c. 2000 year period beginning in the mid-6th millennium cal bc. Oval bowls commonly occur alongside larger (cooking) vessels. Their function as ‘oil lamps’ for illumination has been proposed on many occasions but only limited direct evidence has been secured to test this functional association. This study presents the results of molecular and isotopic analysis of preserved organic residues obtained from 115 oval bowls from 25 archaeological sites representing a wide range of environmental settings. Our findings confirm that the oval bowls of the circum-Baltic were ...

Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, Dec 1, 2018

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, Dec 1, 2020

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne, 2014

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2010

U schyłku późnego glacjału i w początkach holocenu Niż Północnoeuropejski był obszarem, na którym... more U schyłku późnego glacjału i w początkach holocenu Niż Północnoeuropejski był obszarem, na którym w stosunkowo krótkim czasie (kilkuset lat), od schyłku młodszego Dryasu po pierwszą część okresu preborealnego, doszło do znaczących przeobrażeń kulturowych. Ich istotą był zanik na Niżu społeczności późnopaleolitycznych i pojawienie się ugrupowań mezolitycznych. Zagadnienia związane z tą zmianą kulturową są od wielu lat przedmiotem dyskusji, a do najbardziej żywo omawianych należą kwestie jej przyczyn i mechanizmów. Ważnym elementem tej dyskusji są radykalne przekształcenia środowiska przyrodniczego Niżu, związane z końcem plejstocenu i początkami holocenu.

Gebel Ramlah sits 150 km west of Abu Simbel in extreme southern Egypt. During much of the Holocen... more Gebel Ramlah sits 150 km west of Abu Simbel in extreme southern Egypt. During much of the Holocene, a seasonal paleo-lake was present on the mountain’s south side that attracted Neolithic peoples. Many habitation sites are evident, but the Final Neolithic cemeteries exemplify this area. Since 2000 our team has investigated >200 burials and their human and cultural remains. Given the remote location most are undisturbed, but skeletal preservation is poor; remains not exposed by deflation and literally sand-blasted to pieces are very friable. Nevertheless, bioarchaeological analyses of remains in situ and in field labs have provided information on individual and group adaptation, interaction, and mobility during a critical prehistoric period. Evidence suggests these semi-nomadic, intensive collectors/herders split time between the desert and Nile Valley. They apparently enjoyed exceptional skeletal health, including a lack of caries. Tall stature also suggests wellbeing, if not relatedness to southern peoples. Dental nonmetric affinities support the latter possibility. Grave good distribution is similar among invididuals irrespective of sex or age – including young children. And to date, a range of cemeteries has been found, varying in grave orientation, body position, and grave goods. Recently. one was found that contains 35 infants – accompanied in two instances by adult women whose graves include a neonate. Not only is it apparently the earliest defined by age category, but is the oldest cemetery in the Egyptian Western Desert, dating to the mid-fifth millennium BC. These various subjects are detailed and plans for future bioarchaeolgical investigations at Gebel Ramlah presented.