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Research paper thumbnail of Prophylaxis of new intramammary infections during the dry and early lactation periods by the use of an internal teat sealant

Acta Scientiae Veterinari

Internal teat sealants are used in dairy cows at drying off, and imitates the physiological mecha... more Internal teat sealants are used in dairy cows at drying off, and imitates the physiological mechanism that closes the teat canal. This closure is a natural defense mechanism against mastitis. This is the first controlled study to demonstrate the efficacy of an internal bismuth subnitrate teat sealant in protecting quarters against intramammary infections (IMI), under Brazilian field conditions. The objectives of this study were to determine the efficacy of an internal dry period teat sealant containing bismuth subnitrate, when used alone or in association with a dry cow antibiotic (gentamicin), and in comparison with the infusi on with the dry cow antibiotic alone. It was assessed the number of new intramammary infections (IMI) acquired during the dry period, the dry period cure rate and the number of IMI during the three first weeks after calving. Two groups were analyzed, based on the bacteriological culture data: G1, free of IMI (n=215 quarters) and G2, not free of IMI (n=105 qua...

Research paper thumbnail of MASTITE BOVINA POR Prototheca sp. EM SANTA CATARINA: RELATO DE CASO

Revista De Ciencias Agroveterinarias, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of MASTITE BOVINA POR Prototheca sp. EM SANTA CATARINA: RELATO DE CASO BOVINE MASTITIS CAUSED BY Prototheca sp. IN SANTA CATARINA STATE BRAZIL: A CASE REPORT

RESUMO Prototheca sp. são algas de distribuição universal e que causam diversas afecções nos anim... more RESUMO Prototheca sp. são algas de distribuição universal e que causam diversas afecções nos animais e no homem. Em vacas leiteiras, podem causar mastite. Neste trabalho, descrevemos o isolamento de Prototheca sp. em amostras de leite provenientes de três vacas com mastite crônica, na região do Planalto Sul Catarinense. Trata-se do primeiro relato de mastite por este agente no estado

Research paper thumbnail of Visceral Leishmaniosis: An Old Disease with Continuous Impact on Public Health

In Brazil, the main country of VL transmission in Latin America, the vectors L. longipalpis or L.... more In Brazil, the main country of VL transmission in Latin America, the vectors L. longipalpis or L. cruzi are enrolled on disease transmission.

Research paper thumbnail of Detecção microbiológica e molecular de Staphylococcus aureus em amostras de leite bovino obidas de tanques de expansão-correlação com a presença de resíduos de antibióticos

Research paper thumbnail of Prophylaxis of new intramammary infections during the dry and early lactation periods by the use of an internal teat sealant

Acta Scientiae Veterinari, 2006

Prophylaxis of new intramammary infections during the dry and early lactation periods by the use ... more Prophylaxis of new intramammary infections during the dry and early lactation periods by the use of an internal teat sealant RESUMO O selante interno de tetos (SIT) é aplicado em vacas leiteiras no momento da secagem, para selagem do canal do teto, em um mecanismo que mimetiza o mecanismo fisiológico de fechamento deste canal, auxiliando naturalmente na profilaxia da mastite. Este é o primeiro estudo desenvolvido no Brasil para demonstrar a eficácia de um selante interno de tetos na proteção de quartos mamários contra infecções intramamárias (IIM). Avaliou-se o efeito de um selante interno de tetos à base de subnitrato de bismuto na profilaxia de novas IIM adquiridas durante o período seco, a taxa de cura neste período e o número de IIM durante as três primeiras semanas após o parto. Foram observados os efeitos deste selante interno de tetos quando usado isoladamente, quando em associação com um antibiótico intramamário para vacas secas (gentamicina), comparados ao uso exclusivo do antibiótico. Baseado na análise microbiológica de amostras de leite de cada quarto mamário, formaram-se dois grupos: G1, quartos livres de IIM (n=215) e G2, com infecção intramamária (n=105). Coletaram-se amostras de leite de 320 quartos mamários (80 vacas) em quatro ocasiões: sete dias antes da secagem, à secagem, oito e 21 dias pós-parto. À secagem, um quarto foi infundido com o selante interno de tetos (T1, n= 80 quartos), um quarto com gentamicina e o selante interno de tetos (T2, n= 80 quartos), e dois quartos ipsilaterais foram infundidos somente com gentamicina (T3, n= 160). A análise estatística (Teste Exato de Fischer, P<0,05) dos resultados dos grupos G1 e G2 indicou não haver diferença significativa na incidência de novas IIM entre T1, T2 e T3. A taxa de cura do G2 no período seco não foi diferente entre T1, T2 e T3. Estes dados indicam que não houve diferença significativa entre o uso de um antibiótico para vaca seca e o selante interno de tetos na incidência de IIM, nas condições deste estudo. Também não houve benefício significativo na aplicação simultânea do selante e do antibiótico.

Research paper thumbnail of BOVINE MASTITIS CAUSED BY Prototheca sp. IN SANTA CATARINA STATE BRAZIL: A CASE REPORT

Prototheca sp. are algae with worldwide distribution, responsible for several diseases affecting ... more Prototheca sp. are algae with worldwide distribution, responsible for several diseases affecting both animals and man. In dairy cattle, they may cause mastitis. The present work describes the isolation of Prototheca sp. from milk samples obtained from three cows with chronic mastitis, in the region of Santa Catarina's South Tableland. This is the first case described of mastitis caused by this agent in the region. Since Prototheca sp. is resistant to treatment with antibiotics, the best way of controlling the infection is to identify and eliminate infected animals.

Research paper thumbnail of Prophylaxis of new intramammary infections during the dry and early lactation periods by the use of an internal teat sealant

Acta Scientiae Veterinari

Internal teat sealants are used in dairy cows at drying off, and imitates the physiological mecha... more Internal teat sealants are used in dairy cows at drying off, and imitates the physiological mechanism that closes the teat canal. This closure is a natural defense mechanism against mastitis. This is the first controlled study to demonstrate the efficacy of an internal bismuth subnitrate teat sealant in protecting quarters against intramammary infections (IMI), under Brazilian field conditions. The objectives of this study were to determine the efficacy of an internal dry period teat sealant containing bismuth subnitrate, when used alone or in association with a dry cow antibiotic (gentamicin), and in comparison with the infusi on with the dry cow antibiotic alone. It was assessed the number of new intramammary infections (IMI) acquired during the dry period, the dry period cure rate and the number of IMI during the three first weeks after calving. Two groups were analyzed, based on the bacteriological culture data: G1, free of IMI (n=215 quarters) and G2, not free of IMI (n=105 qua...

Research paper thumbnail of Imunidade inata da glândula mamária bovina: resposta à infecção

Ciência Rural, 2009

The immunity in the mammary gland can be, as in other systems, classified in innate or adaptive i... more The immunity in the mammary gland can be, as in other systems, classified in innate or adaptive immunity. The innate immunity is the predominant defense during the initial periods of infection. The non-specifics answers are present or are quickly activated in the infection's site by numerous stimulations, and these answers are not enhanced by repeated exposure to the same agent. The first obstacle to be faced by the agent is the barrier represented by the teat sphincter and the keratin plug. When the pathogenic agent crosses the teat canal and reaches the teat cistern, starts to act the humoral factors and the phagocytic cells starts do act. Among the humoral mediators there are the lactoperoxidase, complement, cytokines, lactoferrin, lysozyme and NAGase. The non-specific cellular defenses are represented by neutrophils, macrophages and natural killer cells. If these mechanisms have been functioning adequately, the majority of pathogens will be eliminated in a short time, before the specific immune system be activated. The fast elimination of the microorganisms will not allow these alterations in the amount or quality of produced milk. The best understanding of the defense mechanisms of the mammary gland and its alterations during the critical periods of infection, is an useful tool in devising and developing methods to control the mastitis, the major illness of dairy ruminants. This paper overviewed the most important aspects of the innate immunity of bovine mammary gland.

Research paper thumbnail of Prophylaxis of new intramammary infections during the dry and early lactation periods by the use of an internal teat sealant

Acta Scientiae Veterinari

Internal teat sealants are used in dairy cows at drying off, and imitates the physiological mecha... more Internal teat sealants are used in dairy cows at drying off, and imitates the physiological mechanism that closes the teat canal. This closure is a natural defense mechanism against mastitis. This is the first controlled study to demonstrate the efficacy of an internal bismuth subnitrate teat sealant in protecting quarters against intramammary infections (IMI), under Brazilian field conditions. The objectives of this study were to determine the efficacy of an internal dry period teat sealant containing bismuth subnitrate, when used alone or in association with a dry cow antibiotic (gentamicin), and in comparison with the infusi on with the dry cow antibiotic alone. It was assessed the number of new intramammary infections (IMI) acquired during the dry period, the dry period cure rate and the number of IMI during the three first weeks after calving. Two groups were analyzed, based on the bacteriological culture data: G1, free of IMI (n=215 quarters) and G2, not free of IMI (n=105 qua...

Research paper thumbnail of MASTITE BOVINA POR Prototheca sp. EM SANTA CATARINA: RELATO DE CASO

Revista De Ciencias Agroveterinarias, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of MASTITE BOVINA POR Prototheca sp. EM SANTA CATARINA: RELATO DE CASO BOVINE MASTITIS CAUSED BY Prototheca sp. IN SANTA CATARINA STATE BRAZIL: A CASE REPORT

RESUMO Prototheca sp. são algas de distribuição universal e que causam diversas afecções nos anim... more RESUMO Prototheca sp. são algas de distribuição universal e que causam diversas afecções nos animais e no homem. Em vacas leiteiras, podem causar mastite. Neste trabalho, descrevemos o isolamento de Prototheca sp. em amostras de leite provenientes de três vacas com mastite crônica, na região do Planalto Sul Catarinense. Trata-se do primeiro relato de mastite por este agente no estado

Research paper thumbnail of Visceral Leishmaniosis: An Old Disease with Continuous Impact on Public Health

In Brazil, the main country of VL transmission in Latin America, the vectors L. longipalpis or L.... more In Brazil, the main country of VL transmission in Latin America, the vectors L. longipalpis or L. cruzi are enrolled on disease transmission.

Research paper thumbnail of Detecção microbiológica e molecular de Staphylococcus aureus em amostras de leite bovino obidas de tanques de expansão-correlação com a presença de resíduos de antibióticos

Research paper thumbnail of Prophylaxis of new intramammary infections during the dry and early lactation periods by the use of an internal teat sealant

Acta Scientiae Veterinari, 2006

Prophylaxis of new intramammary infections during the dry and early lactation periods by the use ... more Prophylaxis of new intramammary infections during the dry and early lactation periods by the use of an internal teat sealant RESUMO O selante interno de tetos (SIT) é aplicado em vacas leiteiras no momento da secagem, para selagem do canal do teto, em um mecanismo que mimetiza o mecanismo fisiológico de fechamento deste canal, auxiliando naturalmente na profilaxia da mastite. Este é o primeiro estudo desenvolvido no Brasil para demonstrar a eficácia de um selante interno de tetos na proteção de quartos mamários contra infecções intramamárias (IIM). Avaliou-se o efeito de um selante interno de tetos à base de subnitrato de bismuto na profilaxia de novas IIM adquiridas durante o período seco, a taxa de cura neste período e o número de IIM durante as três primeiras semanas após o parto. Foram observados os efeitos deste selante interno de tetos quando usado isoladamente, quando em associação com um antibiótico intramamário para vacas secas (gentamicina), comparados ao uso exclusivo do antibiótico. Baseado na análise microbiológica de amostras de leite de cada quarto mamário, formaram-se dois grupos: G1, quartos livres de IIM (n=215) e G2, com infecção intramamária (n=105). Coletaram-se amostras de leite de 320 quartos mamários (80 vacas) em quatro ocasiões: sete dias antes da secagem, à secagem, oito e 21 dias pós-parto. À secagem, um quarto foi infundido com o selante interno de tetos (T1, n= 80 quartos), um quarto com gentamicina e o selante interno de tetos (T2, n= 80 quartos), e dois quartos ipsilaterais foram infundidos somente com gentamicina (T3, n= 160). A análise estatística (Teste Exato de Fischer, P<0,05) dos resultados dos grupos G1 e G2 indicou não haver diferença significativa na incidência de novas IIM entre T1, T2 e T3. A taxa de cura do G2 no período seco não foi diferente entre T1, T2 e T3. Estes dados indicam que não houve diferença significativa entre o uso de um antibiótico para vaca seca e o selante interno de tetos na incidência de IIM, nas condições deste estudo. Também não houve benefício significativo na aplicação simultânea do selante e do antibiótico.

Research paper thumbnail of BOVINE MASTITIS CAUSED BY Prototheca sp. IN SANTA CATARINA STATE BRAZIL: A CASE REPORT

Prototheca sp. are algae with worldwide distribution, responsible for several diseases affecting ... more Prototheca sp. are algae with worldwide distribution, responsible for several diseases affecting both animals and man. In dairy cattle, they may cause mastitis. The present work describes the isolation of Prototheca sp. from milk samples obtained from three cows with chronic mastitis, in the region of Santa Catarina's South Tableland. This is the first case described of mastitis caused by this agent in the region. Since Prototheca sp. is resistant to treatment with antibiotics, the best way of controlling the infection is to identify and eliminate infected animals.

Research paper thumbnail of Prophylaxis of new intramammary infections during the dry and early lactation periods by the use of an internal teat sealant

Acta Scientiae Veterinari

Internal teat sealants are used in dairy cows at drying off, and imitates the physiological mecha... more Internal teat sealants are used in dairy cows at drying off, and imitates the physiological mechanism that closes the teat canal. This closure is a natural defense mechanism against mastitis. This is the first controlled study to demonstrate the efficacy of an internal bismuth subnitrate teat sealant in protecting quarters against intramammary infections (IMI), under Brazilian field conditions. The objectives of this study were to determine the efficacy of an internal dry period teat sealant containing bismuth subnitrate, when used alone or in association with a dry cow antibiotic (gentamicin), and in comparison with the infusi on with the dry cow antibiotic alone. It was assessed the number of new intramammary infections (IMI) acquired during the dry period, the dry period cure rate and the number of IMI during the three first weeks after calving. Two groups were analyzed, based on the bacteriological culture data: G1, free of IMI (n=215 quarters) and G2, not free of IMI (n=105 qua...

Research paper thumbnail of Imunidade inata da glândula mamária bovina: resposta à infecção

Ciência Rural, 2009

The immunity in the mammary gland can be, as in other systems, classified in innate or adaptive i... more The immunity in the mammary gland can be, as in other systems, classified in innate or adaptive immunity. The innate immunity is the predominant defense during the initial periods of infection. The non-specifics answers are present or are quickly activated in the infection's site by numerous stimulations, and these answers are not enhanced by repeated exposure to the same agent. The first obstacle to be faced by the agent is the barrier represented by the teat sphincter and the keratin plug. When the pathogenic agent crosses the teat canal and reaches the teat cistern, starts to act the humoral factors and the phagocytic cells starts do act. Among the humoral mediators there are the lactoperoxidase, complement, cytokines, lactoferrin, lysozyme and NAGase. The non-specific cellular defenses are represented by neutrophils, macrophages and natural killer cells. If these mechanisms have been functioning adequately, the majority of pathogens will be eliminated in a short time, before the specific immune system be activated. The fast elimination of the microorganisms will not allow these alterations in the amount or quality of produced milk. The best understanding of the defense mechanisms of the mammary gland and its alterations during the critical periods of infection, is an useful tool in devising and developing methods to control the mastitis, the major illness of dairy ruminants. This paper overviewed the most important aspects of the innate immunity of bovine mammary gland.