Mikhail Lipkin - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Mikhail Lipkin
Soviet Snowdrops in the Ice Age?
The Long Détente
Семеро против одного? Принятие Комплексной программы социалистической экономической интеграции и «особая» позиция Румынии
«Мировая система социализма» и глобальная экономика в середине 1950-х - середине 1970-х годов
The Moscow Economic Conference of April 1952: Tactical Change or a New Line of Stalin's Foreign Policy?
Relations Internationales, 2011
Московское экономическое совещание 1952 г. : тактический маневр или новая стратегическая линия СССР?
In the article analyzes the prehistory, history and the meaning of a large soviet international a... more In the article analyzes the prehistory, history and the meaning of a large soviet international action the Moscow economic conference in April 1952. With a use of new evidences from the Russian state archive of social and political history the author argues that the Conference was not just a reaction to the Marshall Plan and Shuman Plan in Western Europe. It was the first attempt to open the iron curtain and change the logic of international relations towards peaceful coexistence. The Conference turned into quite unusual for the period of late Stalin's rule nursery for fresh ideas used in full by USSR later in 1950-1970s.
RUDN Journal of Russian History, 2010
In the article analyzes the prehistory, history and the meaning of a large soviet international a... more In the article analyzes the prehistory, history and the meaning of a large soviet international action - the Moscow economic conference in April 1952. With a use of new evidences from the Russian state archive of social and political history the author argues that the Conference was not just a reaction to the Marshall Plan and Shuman Plan in Western Europe. It was the first attempt to open the iron curtain and change the logic of international relations towards peaceful coexistence. The Conference turned into quite unusual for the period of late Stalin's rule nursery for fresh ideas used in full by USSR later in 1950-1970s.
Modern History of Russia, 2017
“Pavel Pavlovich” and Nikita Sergeevich: Soviet-Belgian Summits and the Informal Aspect of High Politics During the Cold War
Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, 2021
Based on a comparative analysis of new evidence from the Russian and EU archives, the article sho... more Based on a comparative analysis of new evidence from the Russian and EU archives, the article shows the significance of the three meetings between Nikita Khrushchev and Paul-Henri Spaak in 1956, 1961, and 1963. The text highlights both new facts about Soviet-Belgium relations (and even wider, all-European discussions and initiatives) and personal aspects of conversations between the key political figures from different worlds, that is capitalism and communism. It shows that despite these differences Spaak and Krushchev shared a common language and common concerns of a necessity of peaceful coexistence, pragmatism in search for solutions on the issues of development in the East and West. For the first time, one can find a detailed analysis of the Belgian official delegation’s visit to the USSR in 1956. The article is the first to publish data from both sides concerning the talks between Paul Spaak and Andrei Vychinski on the “friendship pact” proposal between Belgium and the USSR in ...
Совет Экономической Взаимопомощи и глобальный Юг: логика холодной войны и коммерческие интересы в период мирного сосуществования (1960-е — 1970-е гг.)
The article touches the issue of economic interactions between the “Eastern Bloc” and the “Third ... more The article touches the issue of economic interactions between the “Eastern Bloc” and the “Third World” countries in 1960s — 1970s. It is based on analysis of new evidences from the funds of COMECON, State Committee of Economic Ties of the USSR (GKES) and the State Economic Council of the USSR, stored in the Russian State Economic Archive in Moscow. The author separates 2 periods in the history of global rivalry in the “Third World”: from the end of 1950s to mid-1960s and from the second half of 1960s to the end of 1970s. The competition is analysed from the two perspectives: the global vertical institutions (the Permanent Commission on Coordination of Technical Assistance in COMECON and etc.) and the horizontal layer: initiatives and activities of COMECON member countries and the practice of their external trade organizations in the “Global South”. The author comes to the conclusion that in 1970s one marks the rise in pragmatic reasoning and coordination of “technical assistance” to the less developed countries despite of the ongoing hidden ideological scramble between the two systems. As a working hypothesis which demands additional verification on the basis of a wider range of archives he advances a thesis that unlike the American programs of “aids” the socialist projects were less egocentric and obviously less coordinated. Unlike American technical and financial services, which overpassed the socialist ones both in size and rigidity of binding them with payment in US dollars and placement of orders in the USA, the socialist “assistance” often took the shape of exchange of commodities, payment by raw materials, using not hard currency and generally meant more investing into development of local infrastructure and personnel. It was aimed at growing up new industrial culture on the spot, export of industrialization together with the planning economy, rather than putting the “Global South” in subordinate position. The philosophy of aid politics was different. For COMECON member states in 1970s the issue of long-term stable economic relations with the “Global South” was seen as a factor of survival and higher speed of development for their economic programs. It was not only an opportunity to get deficit raw materials but generally to diversify export flows and balance the passive trading balance with the West by the trade boom with the South. Poland, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Hungary, GDR even more than the USSR pushed for their own interests the move towards the South. They were the drivers of further development of the “world system of socialism” and implementation of new hybrid forms of widening the COMECON sphere of influence in the “Global South”.
Modern History of Russia, 2017
History and Cyberspace: Triumph of Digital Culture or the “End of History”?
Electronic Science and Education Journal, 2015
В борьбе за европейское историческое сознание: может ли новая наднациональная история Европы научить бесконфликтному прочтению общей истории?
Electronic Science and Education Journal, 2015
Визит Шарля де Голля в Советский Союз и вопросы внешнеполитической стратегии Москвы в 1966–1969 гг
The article is based on recent archival findings that throw a new light on the preparations for a... more The article is based on recent archival findings that throw a new light on the preparations for and results of President Charles de Gaulle’s state visit to the USSR in 1966. The results are analysed as part of the expansion of Soviet bi- and multilateral relations which developed in the context of European cooperation in the late 1960s. Special emphasis is given to the unprecedented media support for Franco-Soviet contacts. Focus is placed on the preparation and organisation of the visit, with reference to new archival materials from the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History. The author also illustrates the Soviet authorities’ realistic and flexible approach to foreign affairs. It is also noted that, regardless of the social structure of European states, issues of economic and technical collaboration were the objects of a great deal of attention. This state visit is compared with the visits of other leaders, such as Richard Nixon, Harold Macmillan, and Konrad Adenauer, to th...
Special Session of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences at the 13th RISA Convention: Changes in the Research Field of the History of the Cold War
ISTORIYA
The article makes a review of the 8 academic papers presented at the special session of the Insti... more The article makes a review of the 8 academic papers presented at the special session of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences conducted as part of the 13th RISA Convention in Moscow “The World System of Socialism” and global economics in 1950s — 1970s: discussion in historiography and the recent archival evidences”. The session summed up results of 5 years of research work of scientific team at the Institute of World History financed by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation 17-18-01728 in 2017—2021. The author specifies main publications and reviews in press on the published book series “The World System of Socialism” and global economics” established in the “Ves’ Mir” publishing company as part of the project, and analyses its merit in comparison with analogоus book series which appeared in the world. The key talking points of presented papers are represented threw the lense of a search for alternative development in 1950s — 1970s, alternative to t...
THE “NEW WORLD ECONOMIC ORDER” AND THE COLD WAR: A VIEW FROM THE USSR (mid 1940s – mid 1960s)
ISTORIYA, 2015
For the first time on the basis of unknown documents from private archives, among them-unique ill... more For the first time on the basis of unknown documents from private archives, among them-unique illustrations, author's oral interviews and documents from the fund of the Union of the Soviet Societies of Friendship (SSOD) the author attempts to reconstruct the atmosphere of Soviet-British cultural rapprochement and mutual interest during the "thaw" period in the USSR. One analyzes the phenomenon of public diplomacy in case of private and collective initiatives from the British side as well as activities of various "societies of friendship". A special thrust is made on analysis of oral evidences of the interviewed participants of the 2 weeks bus trip to the European part of the USSR in 1960 by the members of the Pushkin Club. The author comes ot a conclusion that opening of the "iron curtain" by Nikita Khrustchev resulted in appearance of a whole generation of cultural "tourists"-the intermediaries of Russian culture-those who later accumulated the interest towards USSR and were able to judge about Soviet Russia on the basis of their personal experience. Despite of all difficulties of such contacts in the era of the Cold War and the obvious by-products of the Soviet System of communication with foreigners, the image of USSR and Soviet People gained much more than lost from the rise of personal and collective contacts during the Khrustchev period.
СССР И ПЕРВЫЕ ОБЩЕЕВРОПЕЙСКИЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ: БЫЛ ЛИ ШАНС У ЕДИНОЙ ЕВРОПЫ? (1945-1947 ГГ.)
Новый Исторический Вестник, 2011
Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana
Совет экономической взаимопомощи-один из столпов единства «Восточного блока» в период холодной во... more Совет экономической взаимопомощи-один из столпов единства «Восточного блока» в период холодной войны, сердце «мировой системы социализма», согласно геополитическому видению капитанов восточной альтернативы капиталистической глобализации в период 1950-х-1980-х гг. Со времени роспуска этой организации в 1991 г. его история пережила периоды забвения и возрождения интереса. Последнее связано как с открытием исторических архивов, так и с формированием новых методологических подходов и, самое главное, нового поколения историков, не связанных своим личным опытом с периодом существования этой организации и готовых проводить исследования «с чистого листа», в отличие от поколения современников, чей горизонт видения зачастую был ограничен узким кругом источников, личным опытом и вкусовыми пристрастиями ушедшей эпохи. Примечательно, что применительно к истории СЭВ архивы не являлись главным сдерживающим фактором. Фонд СЭВ в Российском государственном архиве экономики был доступен и десять лет назад. Фонды государств-участников СЭВстран Восточной Европы-были открыты и того раньше, центральным среди них считается немецкая коллекция документов, оставшаяся в наследие от ГДР. Однако и там волна исследовательского интереса, выразившаяся в интенсификации конференций, публикаций и исследовательских грантов, поднялась лишь в конце 2000-х гг. «Будителем» интереса стала немецкая историографическая школа, возглавившая процесс реинтеграции поля истории СЭВ в историю «глобальной холодной войны». Если в 1990-е, несмотря на открытие архивов, было практически невозможно найти аспиранта, работающего по теме СЭВ, то в 2010-х гг. это стало модным трендом.
Struggling for “European Historical Consciousness”: Can a New Supranational History of Europe Teach Non-Conflict Reading of Shared History?
History: Journal of Education and Science
QUAESTIO ROSSICA
The article is based on recent archival findings that throw a new light on the preparations for a... more The article is based on recent archival findings that throw a new light on the preparations for and results of President Charles de Gaulle's state visit to the USSR in 1966. The results are analysed as part of the expansion of Soviet bi-and multilateral relations which developed in the context of European cooperation in the late 1960s. Special emphasis is given to the unprecedented media support for Franco-Soviet contacts. Focus is placed on the preparation and organisation of the visit, with reference to new archival materials from the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History. The author also illustrates the Soviet authorities' realistic and flexible approach to foreign affairs. It is also noted that, regardless of the social structure of European states, issues of economic and technical collaboration were the objects of a great deal of attention. This state visit is compared with the visits of other leaders, such as * Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта Президента РФ по поддержке ведущих молодых докторов МД-6912.2015.6 «Советский Союз и модернизационные вызовы 1960-х: в поисках нового внешнеэкономического инструментария».
Soviet Snowdrops in the Ice Age?
The Long Détente
Семеро против одного? Принятие Комплексной программы социалистической экономической интеграции и «особая» позиция Румынии
«Мировая система социализма» и глобальная экономика в середине 1950-х - середине 1970-х годов
The Moscow Economic Conference of April 1952: Tactical Change or a New Line of Stalin's Foreign Policy?
Relations Internationales, 2011
Московское экономическое совещание 1952 г. : тактический маневр или новая стратегическая линия СССР?
In the article analyzes the prehistory, history and the meaning of a large soviet international a... more In the article analyzes the prehistory, history and the meaning of a large soviet international action the Moscow economic conference in April 1952. With a use of new evidences from the Russian state archive of social and political history the author argues that the Conference was not just a reaction to the Marshall Plan and Shuman Plan in Western Europe. It was the first attempt to open the iron curtain and change the logic of international relations towards peaceful coexistence. The Conference turned into quite unusual for the period of late Stalin's rule nursery for fresh ideas used in full by USSR later in 1950-1970s.
RUDN Journal of Russian History, 2010
In the article analyzes the prehistory, history and the meaning of a large soviet international a... more In the article analyzes the prehistory, history and the meaning of a large soviet international action - the Moscow economic conference in April 1952. With a use of new evidences from the Russian state archive of social and political history the author argues that the Conference was not just a reaction to the Marshall Plan and Shuman Plan in Western Europe. It was the first attempt to open the iron curtain and change the logic of international relations towards peaceful coexistence. The Conference turned into quite unusual for the period of late Stalin's rule nursery for fresh ideas used in full by USSR later in 1950-1970s.
Modern History of Russia, 2017
“Pavel Pavlovich” and Nikita Sergeevich: Soviet-Belgian Summits and the Informal Aspect of High Politics During the Cold War
Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, 2021
Based on a comparative analysis of new evidence from the Russian and EU archives, the article sho... more Based on a comparative analysis of new evidence from the Russian and EU archives, the article shows the significance of the three meetings between Nikita Khrushchev and Paul-Henri Spaak in 1956, 1961, and 1963. The text highlights both new facts about Soviet-Belgium relations (and even wider, all-European discussions and initiatives) and personal aspects of conversations between the key political figures from different worlds, that is capitalism and communism. It shows that despite these differences Spaak and Krushchev shared a common language and common concerns of a necessity of peaceful coexistence, pragmatism in search for solutions on the issues of development in the East and West. For the first time, one can find a detailed analysis of the Belgian official delegation’s visit to the USSR in 1956. The article is the first to publish data from both sides concerning the talks between Paul Spaak and Andrei Vychinski on the “friendship pact” proposal between Belgium and the USSR in ...
Совет Экономической Взаимопомощи и глобальный Юг: логика холодной войны и коммерческие интересы в период мирного сосуществования (1960-е — 1970-е гг.)
The article touches the issue of economic interactions between the “Eastern Bloc” and the “Third ... more The article touches the issue of economic interactions between the “Eastern Bloc” and the “Third World” countries in 1960s — 1970s. It is based on analysis of new evidences from the funds of COMECON, State Committee of Economic Ties of the USSR (GKES) and the State Economic Council of the USSR, stored in the Russian State Economic Archive in Moscow. The author separates 2 periods in the history of global rivalry in the “Third World”: from the end of 1950s to mid-1960s and from the second half of 1960s to the end of 1970s. The competition is analysed from the two perspectives: the global vertical institutions (the Permanent Commission on Coordination of Technical Assistance in COMECON and etc.) and the horizontal layer: initiatives and activities of COMECON member countries and the practice of their external trade organizations in the “Global South”. The author comes to the conclusion that in 1970s one marks the rise in pragmatic reasoning and coordination of “technical assistance” to the less developed countries despite of the ongoing hidden ideological scramble between the two systems. As a working hypothesis which demands additional verification on the basis of a wider range of archives he advances a thesis that unlike the American programs of “aids” the socialist projects were less egocentric and obviously less coordinated. Unlike American technical and financial services, which overpassed the socialist ones both in size and rigidity of binding them with payment in US dollars and placement of orders in the USA, the socialist “assistance” often took the shape of exchange of commodities, payment by raw materials, using not hard currency and generally meant more investing into development of local infrastructure and personnel. It was aimed at growing up new industrial culture on the spot, export of industrialization together with the planning economy, rather than putting the “Global South” in subordinate position. The philosophy of aid politics was different. For COMECON member states in 1970s the issue of long-term stable economic relations with the “Global South” was seen as a factor of survival and higher speed of development for their economic programs. It was not only an opportunity to get deficit raw materials but generally to diversify export flows and balance the passive trading balance with the West by the trade boom with the South. Poland, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Hungary, GDR even more than the USSR pushed for their own interests the move towards the South. They were the drivers of further development of the “world system of socialism” and implementation of new hybrid forms of widening the COMECON sphere of influence in the “Global South”.
Modern History of Russia, 2017
History and Cyberspace: Triumph of Digital Culture or the “End of History”?
Electronic Science and Education Journal, 2015
В борьбе за европейское историческое сознание: может ли новая наднациональная история Европы научить бесконфликтному прочтению общей истории?
Electronic Science and Education Journal, 2015
Визит Шарля де Голля в Советский Союз и вопросы внешнеполитической стратегии Москвы в 1966–1969 гг
The article is based on recent archival findings that throw a new light on the preparations for a... more The article is based on recent archival findings that throw a new light on the preparations for and results of President Charles de Gaulle’s state visit to the USSR in 1966. The results are analysed as part of the expansion of Soviet bi- and multilateral relations which developed in the context of European cooperation in the late 1960s. Special emphasis is given to the unprecedented media support for Franco-Soviet contacts. Focus is placed on the preparation and organisation of the visit, with reference to new archival materials from the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History. The author also illustrates the Soviet authorities’ realistic and flexible approach to foreign affairs. It is also noted that, regardless of the social structure of European states, issues of economic and technical collaboration were the objects of a great deal of attention. This state visit is compared with the visits of other leaders, such as Richard Nixon, Harold Macmillan, and Konrad Adenauer, to th...
Special Session of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences at the 13th RISA Convention: Changes in the Research Field of the History of the Cold War
ISTORIYA
The article makes a review of the 8 academic papers presented at the special session of the Insti... more The article makes a review of the 8 academic papers presented at the special session of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences conducted as part of the 13th RISA Convention in Moscow “The World System of Socialism” and global economics in 1950s — 1970s: discussion in historiography and the recent archival evidences”. The session summed up results of 5 years of research work of scientific team at the Institute of World History financed by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation 17-18-01728 in 2017—2021. The author specifies main publications and reviews in press on the published book series “The World System of Socialism” and global economics” established in the “Ves’ Mir” publishing company as part of the project, and analyses its merit in comparison with analogоus book series which appeared in the world. The key talking points of presented papers are represented threw the lense of a search for alternative development in 1950s — 1970s, alternative to t...
THE “NEW WORLD ECONOMIC ORDER” AND THE COLD WAR: A VIEW FROM THE USSR (mid 1940s – mid 1960s)
ISTORIYA, 2015
For the first time on the basis of unknown documents from private archives, among them-unique ill... more For the first time on the basis of unknown documents from private archives, among them-unique illustrations, author's oral interviews and documents from the fund of the Union of the Soviet Societies of Friendship (SSOD) the author attempts to reconstruct the atmosphere of Soviet-British cultural rapprochement and mutual interest during the "thaw" period in the USSR. One analyzes the phenomenon of public diplomacy in case of private and collective initiatives from the British side as well as activities of various "societies of friendship". A special thrust is made on analysis of oral evidences of the interviewed participants of the 2 weeks bus trip to the European part of the USSR in 1960 by the members of the Pushkin Club. The author comes ot a conclusion that opening of the "iron curtain" by Nikita Khrustchev resulted in appearance of a whole generation of cultural "tourists"-the intermediaries of Russian culture-those who later accumulated the interest towards USSR and were able to judge about Soviet Russia on the basis of their personal experience. Despite of all difficulties of such contacts in the era of the Cold War and the obvious by-products of the Soviet System of communication with foreigners, the image of USSR and Soviet People gained much more than lost from the rise of personal and collective contacts during the Khrustchev period.
СССР И ПЕРВЫЕ ОБЩЕЕВРОПЕЙСКИЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ: БЫЛ ЛИ ШАНС У ЕДИНОЙ ЕВРОПЫ? (1945-1947 ГГ.)
Новый Исторический Вестник, 2011
Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana
Совет экономической взаимопомощи-один из столпов единства «Восточного блока» в период холодной во... more Совет экономической взаимопомощи-один из столпов единства «Восточного блока» в период холодной войны, сердце «мировой системы социализма», согласно геополитическому видению капитанов восточной альтернативы капиталистической глобализации в период 1950-х-1980-х гг. Со времени роспуска этой организации в 1991 г. его история пережила периоды забвения и возрождения интереса. Последнее связано как с открытием исторических архивов, так и с формированием новых методологических подходов и, самое главное, нового поколения историков, не связанных своим личным опытом с периодом существования этой организации и готовых проводить исследования «с чистого листа», в отличие от поколения современников, чей горизонт видения зачастую был ограничен узким кругом источников, личным опытом и вкусовыми пристрастиями ушедшей эпохи. Примечательно, что применительно к истории СЭВ архивы не являлись главным сдерживающим фактором. Фонд СЭВ в Российском государственном архиве экономики был доступен и десять лет назад. Фонды государств-участников СЭВстран Восточной Европы-были открыты и того раньше, центральным среди них считается немецкая коллекция документов, оставшаяся в наследие от ГДР. Однако и там волна исследовательского интереса, выразившаяся в интенсификации конференций, публикаций и исследовательских грантов, поднялась лишь в конце 2000-х гг. «Будителем» интереса стала немецкая историографическая школа, возглавившая процесс реинтеграции поля истории СЭВ в историю «глобальной холодной войны». Если в 1990-е, несмотря на открытие архивов, было практически невозможно найти аспиранта, работающего по теме СЭВ, то в 2010-х гг. это стало модным трендом.
Struggling for “European Historical Consciousness”: Can a New Supranational History of Europe Teach Non-Conflict Reading of Shared History?
History: Journal of Education and Science
QUAESTIO ROSSICA
The article is based on recent archival findings that throw a new light on the preparations for a... more The article is based on recent archival findings that throw a new light on the preparations for and results of President Charles de Gaulle's state visit to the USSR in 1966. The results are analysed as part of the expansion of Soviet bi-and multilateral relations which developed in the context of European cooperation in the late 1960s. Special emphasis is given to the unprecedented media support for Franco-Soviet contacts. Focus is placed on the preparation and organisation of the visit, with reference to new archival materials from the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History. The author also illustrates the Soviet authorities' realistic and flexible approach to foreign affairs. It is also noted that, regardless of the social structure of European states, issues of economic and technical collaboration were the objects of a great deal of attention. This state visit is compared with the visits of other leaders, such as * Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта Президента РФ по поддержке ведущих молодых докторов МД-6912.2015.6 «Советский Союз и модернизационные вызовы 1960-х: в поисках нового внешнеэкономического инструментария».