Sudip Kumar Roy | Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur (original) (raw)

Papers by Sudip Kumar Roy

Procedia Computer Science

This paper focuses on the behaviour of pedestrians when they cross at signalized intersection und... more This paper focuses on the behaviour of pedestrians when they cross at signalized intersection under mixed traffic situations. Based on a field study at a typical signalized intersection in the commercial hub in the city of Kolkata, the paper describes various characteristics of pedestrian movements. Several attributes like width of the road, age and gender of the pedestrian and if they are carrying any baggage were considered at the time of performing such analysis. The age and gender of pedestrians were found to have an impact on their speeds; however, children were observed to walk faster since they are accompanied by their parents in most occasions. The speed of panic-stricken pedestrians who prefer to run on the zebra marking while crossing the road at intersection was observed to be quite high. Interestingly, the effect of carrying baggage on walking speeds was found to be insignificant at the study site. Accordingly, the current study made an attempt to further investigate the fact by conducting an informal opinion poll. The poll of about 50 road users revealed that since most of them walk towards their office or business centre, they usually carry lighter baggage and quite often they are compelled to walk fast. Further, at crosswalk, speed does not vary to a considerable extent with the increase of flow; this attributes to the absence of confined flow. The observed flow parameters were plotted and the scattered diagrams indicate widespread data points that largely follow the Greenberg"s logarithmic model.

TRANSBALTICA XI: Transportation Science and Technology, 2020

This paper focuses on investigating the effect of sidewalk frictions on pedestrian movements. The... more This paper focuses on investigating the effect of sidewalk frictions on pedestrian movements. The study accordingly analysed the characteristics of pedestrians on five sidewalk zones selected on the basis of their land-uses. Traffic data was videotaped and bi-directional movement was captured. Empirical investigations demonstrate that hourly flow at the public transport terminal is significantly high throughout the day, while in recreational area usually it starts increasing since afternoon. Presence of buffer has an effect on speed of female pedestrians; however, such effect was insignificant in case of males. Speed of pedestrians reduces considerably if they carry baggage. Notably, it was more in commercial areas compared to public transport terminals. This is attributable to the fact that majority of daily commuters carry lighter baggage which has little or no effect on their speeds. Capacity drops down with the decrease in effective width which however does not have considerable impact on free-flow speeds. Also, the study found that sidewalk frictions affect speeds of pedestrians’ irrespective of their age and gender and capacity as well.

Public transport plays a major role in transporting people from one place to another for work tri... more Public transport plays a major role in transporting people from one place to another for work trips in India. It is a preferred mode for work trips, mainly due to the low travelling cost. Whenever the trip makers travel by public transport mode with higher travelling cost, they expect a more reliable service. If the expectation is not fulfilled, they may like to shift their mode choice from public transport to a service with better travel time reliability, such as para-transit and personal vehicle. This modal shift will affect the traffic flow characteristics of different roadways and also adversely affect the environment. So, this study focuses on estimating the travel time reliability of roadway public transport especially air-conditioned public buses of Kolkata and adopt measures to improve it. As case study, one of the AC buses of Kolkata (Route: AC9) originating from Jadavpur 8B Bus Stand and terminating at Karunamoyee Bus Stand has been selected. The actual travel time has been compared with the scheduled travel time for different times of the weekdays over a week. Moreover, to highlight the difference between peak and off-peak hour, the travel time reliability measures of the AC9 during peak and off-peak hours of the day have been estimated separately as reliability buffer index, on-time performance, travel time measure, and punctuality index. A comparison of different alternative modes on the basis of travelling cost is discussed. Finally, some factors which affect the travel time reliability of buses in Kolkata have been discussed and some measures to improve the present reliability condition of the buses are recommended.

Recent Advances in Traffic Engineering, 2020

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2019

Punctuality of a trip maker directly depends on the on-time performance of the whole transportati... more Punctuality of a trip maker directly depends on the on-time performance of the whole transportation system and specifically on the travel time reliability of the preferred mode of transport. As a matter of this fact, daily commuters prefer a reliable mode of transport which adheres to its schedule and is frequently available. Thus, the present study aims to find only the travel time reliability of the different public transport modes in a particular route of Kolkata Metropolitan Area. The route from Bansdroni Bazar Area to Park Street Area was chosen as the case study area. The in-vehicle travel time reliability of the state government bus, private bus and minibus were estimated using the method proposed by Liu and Sinha [15] and the results compared with that of the metro railway. The result of the analysis shows that the travel time reliability of all bus types ranges from 45 to 65% of the reliability of the metro railway. The parameters prescribed by FHWA, such as Buffer Time (TB...

Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series A, 2020

In case of a non-lane based heterogeneous traffic flow, the vehicle driver's behavior becomes one... more In case of a non-lane based heterogeneous traffic flow, the vehicle driver's behavior becomes one of the major considering aspects for proper traffic maneuverability. In the present study, microscopic simulation model has been used, as it contains abundant autonomous parameters to illustrate the features of traffic flow, behavior of drivers and traffic regulatory processes. The present traffic simulation model follows two modified models based on vehicle following theories and behaviors as modified by Wiedemann. A driver in the micro-simulation model considers the preceding vehicle as well as neighboring lane vehicles in a traffic stream. The methodological description of a vehicle technically, behavior and interdependency of a driver and a vehicle as a unit is attributes of a driver and his or her vehicle in a traffic stream. Thus, hysteresis plots of relative speed against relative distance are made for aggregated leader and follower vehicles of each vehicle type based on follower vehicular category to get the calibrated coefficient of correlation parameters (CC). A new simulation model with calibrated CC parameters is made to get a realistic capacity estimate of different multilane highways in Indian conditions.

Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series D, 2021

In an opencast mine, several hundred tonnes are regularly carried by haul roads. Thus, mine haul ... more In an opencast mine, several hundred tonnes are regularly carried by haul roads. Thus, mine haul road plays an important role for the transportation. Consequently, at every stage of the mining process, prediction of the performance of haul road is utmost essential. The mine haul road performance is analyzed during designing of a road for new mines and extending or maintenance of an existing haul road. Speed of vehicle movement, fuel cost of the truck and dust emission rate are the three attributes that define the performance of a haul road. This paper shows a novel ANN regression model to divine the values of these three attributes. The proposed ANN regression model is designed with eight input variables/attributes. The paper also presents the theoretical and statistical justifications of choosing these eight input variables. Extensive experiments are carried out by collecting the data from two study areas. The proposed regression model is compared with linear and quadratic regression approaches. The tenfold cross-validation results show the superiority of ANN model over competing models.

SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 2020

The behavior of a driver of any vehicle is important in estimating heterogeneous traffic conditio... more The behavior of a driver of any vehicle is important in estimating heterogeneous traffic conditions with no strict lane discipline. In the present study, a micro-simulation model is used to analyze the mixed traffic condition with different drivers’ behavior parameters. The field data collected on traffic flow characteristics of multilane highways are used in the calibration and validation of the simulation model. Out of the ten coefficient of correlation (CC) parameters in the simulation model, five are used in the present study to make a model of simulation for heterogeneous traffic; the other five parameters are not considered for testing their influence on simulated capacity values as they represent very typical behavior of a driver, either in car-following, or in free-flow conditions. Two separate simulation models are made by changing the CC (CC0, CC1, CC2, CC7, and CC8) parameters, each for a four-lane divided and a six-lane divided highway as the geometric conditions of the ...

Transportation Research Procedia, 2020

The majority of roads in India are two-lane undivided in nature with a supreme heterogeneity in t... more The majority of roads in India are two-lane undivided in nature with a supreme heterogeneity in traffic composition. As there is a large variation in dynamic profile of each vehicle, a single unit is essential to estimate the roadway capacity. The Passenger Car Unit (PCU) values of different vehicle categories have significant impact on the estimated roadway capacity. To study this effect, Kolkata-Basanti highway and Howrah-Amta Road, two state highways in the eastern part of India having two lanes each, were selected. Kolkata-Basanti highway connects the rural regions of Sundarban with Kolkata whereas Howrah-Amta Road connects the Amta region with Kona Expressway in the district of Howrah. It has a considerable heterogeneity in traffic with large speed differentials among the vehicles. Greenshield's linear model is applied to estimate the Capacity where the PCU values are determined by three different methods. These include the static PCU value from IRC 64 (1990), the concept of Dynamic PCU values as proposed by S. Chandra (2004) and the method suggested in Indo-HCM (2017). The analysis shows that there is a significant difference in the roadway capacity estimated using static PCU values from

In case conventional methods such as standard setting combined with inspection for pollution cont... more In case conventional methods such as standard setting combined with inspection for pollution control are difficult to implement in large cities of developing countries, changing the modal structure in favor of modes that pollute less per person and per unit distance transported may be a better option. This is certainly true for Kolkata (India), whose acute pollution problems have not yet been resolved. By measuring, for each mode of transport used, pollution generated per person transported and per unit distance traversed, we are able to rank the modes. This, combined with a knowledge of the present modal composition, yields several policy prescriptions.

Rapid urban growth and industrialization has degraded the urban ecosystem. Out of several urban e... more Rapid urban growth and industrialization has degraded the urban ecosystem. Out of several urban ecosystem components, the impact on ambient air quality is more perceptible. Amongst the several sources of urban air pollution the share of vehicular exhaust emission is rising, over time, in many Indian cities; this is due to increasing vehicular population. Carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter present in the exhaust of a vehicle cause major health impact on the urban population. High concentration of these pollutants in the ambient environment of the congested road stretches causes pulmonary diseases. To design any policy to mitigate urban transport pollution estimation of health costs is a prerequisite. In developing country like India very little comprehensive research has been conducted to estimate health cost of urban transportation. Literatures on health costs due to emission of pollutants from different modes of vehicles are largely dependent on studies cond...

Traffic and Transportation Studies 2010, 2010

With the increasing constructional activities in road sector, situation has arisen where conventi... more With the increasing constructional activities in road sector, situation has arisen where conventional good quality soils for subgrade are in short supply in many locations due to variety of reasons. Particularly in densely populated areas this problem is very accute. On the other hand, due to rapid industrialization throughout the world, the production of huge quantity of waste materials creates not only the environmental problem but also the depositional hazards. Safe disposal of the same is very vital issue and such situation can be addressed by the bulk utilization of these materials mainly in the field of civil engineering applications. A systematic detailed investigation was undertaken by the authors for using rice husk ash (RHA) and pond ash with soils to enhance the quality of the soil as subgrade material. CBR value in soaked and unsoaked condition increases in a small amount for addition of RHA, but with addition of lime in RHA mixed soils, better increment has been observed in the CBR values both in the soaked and unsoaked conditions. Further mixing pond ash with the soil showed increment in CBR both in unsoaked and soaked condition and mixing of pond ash upto 150% has shown that the gain in CBR value is more than double for soaked and unsoaked conditions.

Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering under Uncertainty: Safety Assessment and Management (ISEUSAM - 2012), 2012

Among the different layers of the pavement, subgrade is the bottom most layer, and this layer pla... more Among the different layers of the pavement, subgrade is the bottom most layer, and this layer plays a very important role in the design of pavements. However proper characterization of the said layer involves different types of test data like maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (OMC), plasticity index, and California bearing ratio (CBR). Among which, CBR is the most important parameter used effectively for assessment of the strength parameter of the subgrade soil. For proper characterization of the subgrade, a large number of CBR tests are required. The CBR tests are elaborative, costly and also time consuming which may delay the progress of constructional activity of the road. In such situation, the value of soaked CBR may be predicted with the help of artificial neural network (ANN), which may help to run the project smoothly. The word “network” in ANN refers to the interconnections between the neurons in the different layers of each system. Those preliminary testing data i.e. percent fines, MDD, OMC, LL, PL, PI etc., are required to find out the regression value and mean square error of the training, validation, and test data to create a model by using neural network algorithm. The tested data are taken during testing the model. The method is based on ANN is found to be reliable, cost-effective, and a quick tool for reasonably accurate estimation of CBR from the basic soil properties.

… and Communications Bulletin for Asia and …, 2005

The rapid population growth and increasing economic activities have resulted in the tremendous gr... more The rapid population growth and increasing economic activities have resulted in the tremendous growth of motor vehicles which is considered one of the primary factors responsible for increasing road accidents in many metropolitan cities of developing countries, including Kolkata, India. In this paper an assessment of the current level of road safety in Kolkata is made utilizing data obtained from secondary sources. The road safety level in Kolkata is assessed considering four parameters, namely, accident severity index, accident fatality rate, accident fatality risk and accident risk. The study is primarily confined to the accident characteristics of passenger vehicles in Kolkata. Models for the projection of future accidents in terms of total accidents and fatality and injury types of accidents have also been developed. These models can be used as tools to measure the effectiveness of future safety improvements implemented in the city.