Sahena Ferdosh | International Islamic University Malaysia (original) (raw)

Papers by Sahena Ferdosh

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2013

The objective of this study was to extract oil and tocopherols from almond seeds using supercriti... more The objective of this study was to extract oil and tocopherols from almond seeds using supercritical carbon dioxide and to compare this extraction with a traditional solvent method. Oil and tocopherol extraction rates were determined as functions of the pressure (350-550 bar), temperature (35-50 • C) and CO 2 flow rate (10-30 kg h −1 ), using a 10-l vessel. The effects of matrix particle size on extraction yield were also studied and it was demonstrated that extraction yield is greatly influenced by particle size. Maximum recovery was obtained in the first 2-3 h of extraction at a pressure of 420 bar, a temperature of 50 • C and a flow rate of 30 kg h −1 CO 2 . These results suggest that the elevated initial oil and tochopherol solubility is related to the increased proportion of fatty acids in the initial extract. The results were compared with those obtained when hexane/methanol was used as a solvent.

Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society, 2012

Fish viscera, a waste of fish processing industry, can be exploited as a source of PUFA-rich fish... more Fish viscera, a waste of fish processing industry, can be exploited as a source of PUFA-rich fish oil for use in food or pharmaceutical industry and at the same time the environment can be protected from pollution by fish wastes. Fish oil was recovered from viscera of Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta), by different supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) e.g. continuous, co-solvent, soaking, and pressure swing techniques and the yields were compared with that of the solvent extraction method. The SFE parameters such as pressure, temperature, and CO 2 flow rate were optimised by employing Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a view to maximize the oil yield and minimize CO 2 consumption. The central composite rotatable design (CCRD) consisting of three variables provided 20 experimental settings. Multiple regressions determined the coefficients of the second-order polynomial equation. The optimum parameters for all 4 techniques applied were found to be 35 MPa, 60°C, and 2 mL min -1 with an Oil recovery ranging from 93 to 99%. The study demonstrated a lower CO 2 consumption by the soaking and pressure swing techniques at the optimized conditions. Thus, the soaking and pressure swing techniques were most effective for extracting oil from fish viscera.

Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society, 2012

A rapid identification, classification and discrimination tool, using Fourier Transform Infrared ... more A rapid identification, classification and discrimination tool, using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), was developed and applied to determine the profile of the Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) of Parkia speciosa seeds under various temperature and pressure conditions (313, 323, 333, 343, 353 and 363 K and 20.68, 27.58, 34.47, 41.37, 48.26, and 55.16 MPa). The separation and identification of the compounds was carried out by Gas Chromatography coupled with Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC/TOF-MS). This technique has made it possible to detect the variability obtained under different SFE conditions and the separation of different chemical compounds in P. speciosa seeds. The FTIR-PCA results were verified by GC/TOF-MS, and the FTIR-PCA method successfully identified the unsaturated carboxylic acids with the highest percentage area under the different conditions.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2014

Phytosterols provide important health benefits: in particular, the lowering of cholesterol. From ... more Phytosterols provide important health benefits: in particular, the lowering of cholesterol. From environmental and commercial points of view, the most appropriate technique has been searched for extracting phytosterols from plant matrices. As a green technology, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is widely used to extract bioactive compounds from different plant matrices. Several studies have been performed to extract phytosterols using supercritical CO 2 (SC-CO 2 ) and this technology has clearly offered potential advantages over conventional extraction methods. However, the efficiency of SFE technology fully relies on the processing parameters, chemistry of interest compounds, nature of the plant matrices and expertise of handling. This review covers SFE technology with particular reference to phytosterol extraction using SC-CO 2 . Moreover, the chemistry of phytosterols, properties of supercritical fluids (SFs) and the applied experimental designs have been discussed for better understanding of phytosterol solubility in SC-CO 2 .

Food and Bioprocess Technology, 2012

The effects of moisture content and alkali treatment on cocoa butter extraction using supercritic... more The effects of moisture content and alkali treatment on cocoa butter extraction using supercritical fluid were studied. Ground cocoa nibs were examined at moisture contents of 1.95 %, 3.91 %, 5.87 %, 9.79 % and 17.64 % and the pH of the cocoa liquor was maintained at 5.0-5.9, 6.8-7.2 and 7.5-7.9. Cocoa butter was successfully extracted, using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2 ) for the moisture content study and SC-CO 2 with 25 % ethanol as a cosolvent for the pH-level alkali treatment study, at 35 MPa, 60°C and 2 ml/min. The results showed that increases in moisture content and pH level significantly (p<0.05) increase the yield efficiency. A moisture content of 9.79 % and pH-alkali treatment at 7.5-7.9 produced the highest yield (60.36 % and 73.70 % at 20 and 18 h extraction time, respectively). Triglycerides (TG) and fatty acids (FAs) were similar to those found in cocoa butter obtained using the Soxhlet method. Saturated and short-chain TG and FA constituents were more soluble than unsaturated and long-chain constituents.

Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology, 2014

ABSTRACT Fish oil was extracted and simultaneously collected into six fractions based on molecula... more ABSTRACT Fish oil was extracted and simultaneously collected into six fractions based on molecular weight and the chain length of triglycerides in terms of fatty acid constituents without splitting of the triglycerides, using SC-CO2 at optimized conditions of 40 MPa, 65 °C, and flow rate 3 ml min−1. In each type of fractionations, first fraction (F1) was rich in saturated fatty acids (SFA) (52.57 to 61.26%), followed by monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (22.17 to 23.22%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (10.54 to 20.37%); the sixth fraction (F6) was rich in PUFA (48.93%), followed by MUFA (33.59%) and SFA (13.61%). It was obvious that short chain fatty acids were extracted at earlier fraction; therefore, the latter fractions were dominant in long chain fatty acids, especially MUFA and PUFA. Thus, omega-3 fish oil (last 3 fractions) was successfully separated to be used as value-added health products.

Natural product research, 2014

The molecular mass distribution, amino acid composition and radical-scavenging activity of collag... more The molecular mass distribution, amino acid composition and radical-scavenging activity of collagen hydrolysates prepared from collagen isolated from the sea cucumber Stichopus vastus were investigated. b and a 1 chains of the collagen were successfully hydrolysed by trypsin. The molecular mass distribution of the hydrolysates ranged from 5 to 25 kDa, and they were rich in glycine, alanine, glutamate, proline and hydroxyproline residues. The hydrolysates exhibited excellent radical-scavenging activity. These results indicate that collagen hydrolysates from S. vastus can be used as a functional ingredient in food and nutraceutical products.

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 2014

ABSTRACT

Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2014

Recent technological advances and the development of new methods has provided an opportunity to o... more Recent technological advances and the development of new methods has provided an opportunity to obtain highly purified natural bioactive compound extracts with potential for the treatment and prevention of human diseases. The use of hazardous and toxic solvents for the extraction and processing of bioactive compounds from plant materials is considered a problem for health, safety and environmental pollution. Advanced technology aims to increase production of the desired compounds and find an alternative to using toxic solvents in the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials. The ever growing interest in plant bioactive compounds and today's concerns about environment issues have led to an increased need for an efficient and green extraction method. This review is focused on the extraction of bioactive compounds from plants using advanced and environment-friendly methods such as supercritical fluid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction and similar techniques that can extract rapidly and free from organic residues. An updated overview of the bioactive compounds present in the plant Phaleria macrocarpa and its extraction, fractionation, purification and isolation is provided. The advantages and disadvantages of both conventional and non-conventional extraction methods are also discussed in this review.

Starch - Stärke, 2012

The objective of this review article is to investigate rheological behaviors of starch-based biop... more The objective of this review article is to investigate rheological behaviors of starch-based biopolymer mixtures in selected food systems. Numerous recently published studies on this subject were thoroughly screened and reviewed. This paper indicates rheological behaviors, which include viscoelasticity, texture, and viscosity, of starch-based biopolymer mixtures in selected food systems. It was found that starch-based biopolymer mixtures had different rheological behaviors that could affect the quality of processed foods. The main factors that affected rheological properties were the botanical sources of starches and the effect of mixing other biopolymers with starch. For instance, starch-based noodles prepared with potato starches were harder than noodles prepared with corn starch. Furthermore, the viscoelastic values of imitation cheese, which can be expressed by a storage modulus (G 0 ) and a loss modulus (G 00 ), increased with the addition of pregelatinized starch. In soup, another example of a starch-based biopolymer mixture, it was found that the presence of fenugreek polysaccharides (0.1-0.9% w/w) resulted in better development of viscoelastic properties with greater G 0 and G 00 compared with soups having no fenugreek polysaccharides added.

Molecules, 2012

A binary mixture of starch-starch or starch with other biopolymers such as protein and non-starch... more A binary mixture of starch-starch or starch with other biopolymers such as protein and non-starch polysaccharides could provide a new approach in producing starch-based food products. In the context of food processing, a specific adjustment in the rheological properties plays an important role in regulating production processing and optimizing the applicability, stability, and sensory of the final food products. This review examines various biopolymer mixtures based on starch and the influence of their interaction on physicochemical and rheological properties of the starch-based foods. It is evident that the physicochemical and rheological characteristics of the biopolymers mixture are highly dependent on the type of starch and other biopolymers that make them up mixing ratios, mixing procedure and presence of other food ingredients in the mixture. Understanding these properties will lead to improve the formulation of starch-based foods and minimize the need to resort to chemically modified starch.

Molecules, 2012

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), which has received much interest in its use and further dev... more Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), which has received much interest in its use and further development for industrial applications, is a method that offers some advantages over conventional methods,

Molecules, 2012

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of selected biopolymers on the rheologi... more The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of selected biopolymers on the rheological properties of surimi. In our paper, we highlight the functional properties and rheological aspects of some starch mixtures used in surimi. However, the influence of some other ingredients, such as cryoprotectants, mannans, and hydroxylpropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), on the rheological properties of surimi is also described. The outcome reveals that storage modulus increased with the addition of higher levels of starch. Moreover, the increasing starch level increased the breaking force, deformation, and gel strength of surimi as a result of the absorption of water by starch granules in the mixture to make the surimi more rigid. On the other hand, the addition of cryoprotectants, mannans, and HPMC improved the rheological properties of surimi. The data obtained in this paper could be beneficial particularly to the scientists who deal with food processing field.

Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 2014

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2013

The objective of this study was to extract oil and tocopherols from almond seeds using supercriti... more The objective of this study was to extract oil and tocopherols from almond seeds using supercritical carbon dioxide and to compare this extraction with a traditional solvent method. Oil and tocopherol extraction rates were determined as functions of the pressure (350-550 bar), temperature (35-50 • C) and CO 2 flow rate (10-30 kg h −1 ), using a 10-l vessel. The effects of matrix particle size on extraction yield were also studied and it was demonstrated that extraction yield is greatly influenced by particle size. Maximum recovery was obtained in the first 2-3 h of extraction at a pressure of 420 bar, a temperature of 50 • C and a flow rate of 30 kg h −1 CO 2 . These results suggest that the elevated initial oil and tochopherol solubility is related to the increased proportion of fatty acids in the initial extract. The results were compared with those obtained when hexane/methanol was used as a solvent.

Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society, 2012

Fish viscera, a waste of fish processing industry, can be exploited as a source of PUFA-rich fish... more Fish viscera, a waste of fish processing industry, can be exploited as a source of PUFA-rich fish oil for use in food or pharmaceutical industry and at the same time the environment can be protected from pollution by fish wastes. Fish oil was recovered from viscera of Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta), by different supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) e.g. continuous, co-solvent, soaking, and pressure swing techniques and the yields were compared with that of the solvent extraction method. The SFE parameters such as pressure, temperature, and CO 2 flow rate were optimised by employing Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a view to maximize the oil yield and minimize CO 2 consumption. The central composite rotatable design (CCRD) consisting of three variables provided 20 experimental settings. Multiple regressions determined the coefficients of the second-order polynomial equation. The optimum parameters for all 4 techniques applied were found to be 35 MPa, 60°C, and 2 mL min -1 with an Oil recovery ranging from 93 to 99%. The study demonstrated a lower CO 2 consumption by the soaking and pressure swing techniques at the optimized conditions. Thus, the soaking and pressure swing techniques were most effective for extracting oil from fish viscera.

Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society, 2012

A rapid identification, classification and discrimination tool, using Fourier Transform Infrared ... more A rapid identification, classification and discrimination tool, using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), was developed and applied to determine the profile of the Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) of Parkia speciosa seeds under various temperature and pressure conditions (313, 323, 333, 343, 353 and 363 K and 20.68, 27.58, 34.47, 41.37, 48.26, and 55.16 MPa). The separation and identification of the compounds was carried out by Gas Chromatography coupled with Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC/TOF-MS). This technique has made it possible to detect the variability obtained under different SFE conditions and the separation of different chemical compounds in P. speciosa seeds. The FTIR-PCA results were verified by GC/TOF-MS, and the FTIR-PCA method successfully identified the unsaturated carboxylic acids with the highest percentage area under the different conditions.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2014

Phytosterols provide important health benefits: in particular, the lowering of cholesterol. From ... more Phytosterols provide important health benefits: in particular, the lowering of cholesterol. From environmental and commercial points of view, the most appropriate technique has been searched for extracting phytosterols from plant matrices. As a green technology, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is widely used to extract bioactive compounds from different plant matrices. Several studies have been performed to extract phytosterols using supercritical CO 2 (SC-CO 2 ) and this technology has clearly offered potential advantages over conventional extraction methods. However, the efficiency of SFE technology fully relies on the processing parameters, chemistry of interest compounds, nature of the plant matrices and expertise of handling. This review covers SFE technology with particular reference to phytosterol extraction using SC-CO 2 . Moreover, the chemistry of phytosterols, properties of supercritical fluids (SFs) and the applied experimental designs have been discussed for better understanding of phytosterol solubility in SC-CO 2 .

Food and Bioprocess Technology, 2012

The effects of moisture content and alkali treatment on cocoa butter extraction using supercritic... more The effects of moisture content and alkali treatment on cocoa butter extraction using supercritical fluid were studied. Ground cocoa nibs were examined at moisture contents of 1.95 %, 3.91 %, 5.87 %, 9.79 % and 17.64 % and the pH of the cocoa liquor was maintained at 5.0-5.9, 6.8-7.2 and 7.5-7.9. Cocoa butter was successfully extracted, using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2 ) for the moisture content study and SC-CO 2 with 25 % ethanol as a cosolvent for the pH-level alkali treatment study, at 35 MPa, 60°C and 2 ml/min. The results showed that increases in moisture content and pH level significantly (p<0.05) increase the yield efficiency. A moisture content of 9.79 % and pH-alkali treatment at 7.5-7.9 produced the highest yield (60.36 % and 73.70 % at 20 and 18 h extraction time, respectively). Triglycerides (TG) and fatty acids (FAs) were similar to those found in cocoa butter obtained using the Soxhlet method. Saturated and short-chain TG and FA constituents were more soluble than unsaturated and long-chain constituents.

Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology, 2014

ABSTRACT Fish oil was extracted and simultaneously collected into six fractions based on molecula... more ABSTRACT Fish oil was extracted and simultaneously collected into six fractions based on molecular weight and the chain length of triglycerides in terms of fatty acid constituents without splitting of the triglycerides, using SC-CO2 at optimized conditions of 40 MPa, 65 °C, and flow rate 3 ml min−1. In each type of fractionations, first fraction (F1) was rich in saturated fatty acids (SFA) (52.57 to 61.26%), followed by monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (22.17 to 23.22%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (10.54 to 20.37%); the sixth fraction (F6) was rich in PUFA (48.93%), followed by MUFA (33.59%) and SFA (13.61%). It was obvious that short chain fatty acids were extracted at earlier fraction; therefore, the latter fractions were dominant in long chain fatty acids, especially MUFA and PUFA. Thus, omega-3 fish oil (last 3 fractions) was successfully separated to be used as value-added health products.

Natural product research, 2014

The molecular mass distribution, amino acid composition and radical-scavenging activity of collag... more The molecular mass distribution, amino acid composition and radical-scavenging activity of collagen hydrolysates prepared from collagen isolated from the sea cucumber Stichopus vastus were investigated. b and a 1 chains of the collagen were successfully hydrolysed by trypsin. The molecular mass distribution of the hydrolysates ranged from 5 to 25 kDa, and they were rich in glycine, alanine, glutamate, proline and hydroxyproline residues. The hydrolysates exhibited excellent radical-scavenging activity. These results indicate that collagen hydrolysates from S. vastus can be used as a functional ingredient in food and nutraceutical products.

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 2014

ABSTRACT

Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2014

Recent technological advances and the development of new methods has provided an opportunity to o... more Recent technological advances and the development of new methods has provided an opportunity to obtain highly purified natural bioactive compound extracts with potential for the treatment and prevention of human diseases. The use of hazardous and toxic solvents for the extraction and processing of bioactive compounds from plant materials is considered a problem for health, safety and environmental pollution. Advanced technology aims to increase production of the desired compounds and find an alternative to using toxic solvents in the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials. The ever growing interest in plant bioactive compounds and today's concerns about environment issues have led to an increased need for an efficient and green extraction method. This review is focused on the extraction of bioactive compounds from plants using advanced and environment-friendly methods such as supercritical fluid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction and similar techniques that can extract rapidly and free from organic residues. An updated overview of the bioactive compounds present in the plant Phaleria macrocarpa and its extraction, fractionation, purification and isolation is provided. The advantages and disadvantages of both conventional and non-conventional extraction methods are also discussed in this review.

Starch - Stärke, 2012

The objective of this review article is to investigate rheological behaviors of starch-based biop... more The objective of this review article is to investigate rheological behaviors of starch-based biopolymer mixtures in selected food systems. Numerous recently published studies on this subject were thoroughly screened and reviewed. This paper indicates rheological behaviors, which include viscoelasticity, texture, and viscosity, of starch-based biopolymer mixtures in selected food systems. It was found that starch-based biopolymer mixtures had different rheological behaviors that could affect the quality of processed foods. The main factors that affected rheological properties were the botanical sources of starches and the effect of mixing other biopolymers with starch. For instance, starch-based noodles prepared with potato starches were harder than noodles prepared with corn starch. Furthermore, the viscoelastic values of imitation cheese, which can be expressed by a storage modulus (G 0 ) and a loss modulus (G 00 ), increased with the addition of pregelatinized starch. In soup, another example of a starch-based biopolymer mixture, it was found that the presence of fenugreek polysaccharides (0.1-0.9% w/w) resulted in better development of viscoelastic properties with greater G 0 and G 00 compared with soups having no fenugreek polysaccharides added.

Molecules, 2012

A binary mixture of starch-starch or starch with other biopolymers such as protein and non-starch... more A binary mixture of starch-starch or starch with other biopolymers such as protein and non-starch polysaccharides could provide a new approach in producing starch-based food products. In the context of food processing, a specific adjustment in the rheological properties plays an important role in regulating production processing and optimizing the applicability, stability, and sensory of the final food products. This review examines various biopolymer mixtures based on starch and the influence of their interaction on physicochemical and rheological properties of the starch-based foods. It is evident that the physicochemical and rheological characteristics of the biopolymers mixture are highly dependent on the type of starch and other biopolymers that make them up mixing ratios, mixing procedure and presence of other food ingredients in the mixture. Understanding these properties will lead to improve the formulation of starch-based foods and minimize the need to resort to chemically modified starch.

Molecules, 2012

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), which has received much interest in its use and further dev... more Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), which has received much interest in its use and further development for industrial applications, is a method that offers some advantages over conventional methods,

Molecules, 2012

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of selected biopolymers on the rheologi... more The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of selected biopolymers on the rheological properties of surimi. In our paper, we highlight the functional properties and rheological aspects of some starch mixtures used in surimi. However, the influence of some other ingredients, such as cryoprotectants, mannans, and hydroxylpropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), on the rheological properties of surimi is also described. The outcome reveals that storage modulus increased with the addition of higher levels of starch. Moreover, the increasing starch level increased the breaking force, deformation, and gel strength of surimi as a result of the absorption of water by starch granules in the mixture to make the surimi more rigid. On the other hand, the addition of cryoprotectants, mannans, and HPMC improved the rheological properties of surimi. The data obtained in this paper could be beneficial particularly to the scientists who deal with food processing field.

Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 2014