Asma Irfan | IMDC - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Asma Irfan

Pakistan Journal of Physiology, Dec 31, 2021

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (Print), Sep 25, 2023

Objectives: To determine the association of Apgar score with maternal age and haemoglobin. Method... more Objectives: To determine the association of Apgar score with maternal age and haemoglobin. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on mothers (n=306) delivering live, full-term, singleton babies by spontaneous vertex delivery. Women who suffered stillbirths had babies of unknown gestational age or showed comorbidities were excluded. SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis. Mean + standard deviation and percentages were calculated. Cross-tabulation and logistic regression were done to see the association between dependent and independent variables. A p-value of <0.05 was statistically significant. Results: The ages of women ranged from 20 to 40 years (mean= 25+1.9). The number of patients aged 24 years with Hb <7g/dl was 6 (37.5%). Out of all, 90 (29.4%) patients had Hb >11g/dl, and their ages were 30 years which was significant (p = 0.000). Apgar score for the neonates showed that 258 (84.3%) had an Apgar score >7 while 48 (15.7%) had a score < 7. Babies of mothers whose age was 26 years had Apgar score < 7(25%) (p = 0.001). Neonatal birth weight, of <2kg was observed in infants born to young mothers of 26 years of age (20%) (p = 0.001), and a weight >3.5kg was recorded in 20 infants (6.5%). The younger mothers had lower Hb, and their babies had low Apgar scores <7 at the time of birth (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Women of younger age and lower haemoglobin levels give birth to infants with low Apgar scores and birth weight. Low birth weight in neonates is significantly associated with a low five-minute Apgar score.

Biological & clinical sciences research journal, Jun 27, 2023

The retrospective study was conducted in Nishtar Medical Hospital & Bakhtawar Amin Hospital from ... more The retrospective study was conducted in Nishtar Medical Hospital & Bakhtawar Amin Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 to evaluate CT findings of bone erosion and the implication of surgical treatment in patients with AFRS. The study was conducted on a total of 140 patients. All patients underwent sinus CT examination before the start of treatment. Experienced neuroradiologist examined CT characteristics of bone erosion. Data were recorded, including disease and bone erosion location, sinus expansion, and disease extension into neighboring anatomical spaces. Of 140 patients, 26 (18.5%) had radiographic evidence of bone erosion. 1 of the 26 patients had undergone previous endoscopic surgery. The ethmoid sinus was the most common site of bone erosion. The adjacent anatomic site which was affected most due to disease extension was the orbit. There was a significant association between bone expansion and expansion of frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary sinuses (P=.027). Bone erosion creates a route for disease progression in the intracranial cavity and orbit. It is not associated with fungal invasion and should be accurately differentiated from Sino nasal malignancy or invasive fungal sinusitis to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures.

Biological & clinical sciences research journal, Jun 16, 2023

Iron deficiency anemia is acute morbidity in pregnant women and can pose serious risks to the mot... more Iron deficiency anemia is acute morbidity in pregnant women and can pose serious risks to the mother and the child. Oral iron therapy is inefficient for treatment for this condition due to side effects and non-compliance. Hence, parenteral iron therapy is preferred in pregnant patients as it has little to no adverse effects and treats the patient rapidly. Iron sucrose is recommended as it is safe and can be used as an alternative to other parenteral iron therapies. Other iron agents and immune mechanisms often release bioactive iron in the system, leading to oxidative stress and other side effects. Iron sucrose has been proven effective and safer than other iron alternatives; this report shows a pregnant woman with severe iron deficiency who experienced a fatal anaphylactic reaction to iron sucrose..

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Background: Stress disturbs body weight and food intake, but the core mechanisms are not well un... more Background: Stress disturbs body weight and food intake, but the core mechanisms are not well understood. Study design: Experimental Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats (mean wt 250 ± 50 grams) were used and divided into 2 groups. Each group comprised of 30 rats. Group I was taken as control. Group II was exposed to chronic stress. Results: The comparison of weight gain by the different groups disclosed that there was a significant decrease in weight gain of rats exposed to the chronic stress as compared to control group. Conclusion: Chronic restraint stress has a detrimental effect on body weight.

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Introduction: The steviol glycosides are found in the stevia leaf. These glycosides possess swee... more Introduction: The steviol glycosides are found in the stevia leaf. These glycosides possess sweetening properties as well as they have antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, and anti-hypertensive effects. This study was conducted to find out the effect of Stevia leaf on body weight in obese Sprague Dawley male rats. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was carried out on 90 Sprague Dawley male rats. Group1(normal control) was given a standard diet for the entire study period, while the remaining sixty rats were given a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to induce obesity. The obese rats were randomly assigned to group 2 (Obese Control) and Group 3 (obese + Stevia) and given HFD for another 6 weeks. The stevia leaf powder was added to the diet of group 3. Diet intake was noted for all the groups. Rats were weighed on the first day of every week, for six weeks, and then at the end of the study period. Results: Body weights of rats in each grou...

Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine

To analyze the association of CYP24A1 gene polymorphism with vitamin D deficiency and its related... more To analyze the association of CYP24A1 gene polymorphism with vitamin D deficiency and its related cardiovascular disorders in the Pakistani population. The present prospective cohort study was carried out at KRL and Rawalpindi General Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018. A total of 110 subjects suffering from heart diseases like hypertension, myocardial infarction, or congestive cardiac failure (age range 12-90 years) were enrolled in this study with informed consent. Sampling was done by non-probability convenience sampling. Blood 24Hydroxyvitmin D levels were assessed in the participants by using an electrochemiluminescence system. Genetic polymorphism in the CYP24A1 gene was screened in selected patients (n=15) through PCR-RFLP, after genomic DNA extraction from the whole blood. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 for Mac. Fisher’s exact test and chi-square tests were applied for qualitative variables. The risk of polymorphism in CYP24A1(SNP rs6013897) genotypes TT, ...

Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

Aim: To determine the ramifications of soft drinks on Body Mass Index and effects on various rena... more Aim: To determine the ramifications of soft drinks on Body Mass Index and effects on various renal parameters. Study design: Cross-sectional study Place and duration of study: HBS Medical and Dental College from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2021. Methodology: One hundred and ten students from first year to final year MBBS were recruited from Medical Colleges of Islamabad. We assessed caffeinated sugar beverage consumption (Sprite, Mountain Dew, Coke, Pepsi & 7-Up). Inclusion criteria consisted of users (n=48) who took caffeinated soft drinks at least 5-7 glasses/week. Those who took less than this drink was labelled non-users (n=62). Questionnaire we used was self-administered about sociodemographic data, height, weight, soft drinks consumption frequency, and a record of urine R/E Combi 10 strip test. Results: There were 41(37.3%) males and 69(62.7%) females. The percentage of underweight, normal, overweight and obese students was 31.8%, 36.4%, 22.7% and 9.1% respectively. Out ...

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International

Objective: To determine the frequency of thrombocytopenia in pre-eclamptic women presented at Isr... more Objective: To determine the frequency of thrombocytopenia in pre-eclamptic women presented at Isra University Hospital Hyderabad. Patients and Methods: This cross sectional descriptive study of six months study was conducted at Isra university hospital from April 2019 to September 2019. All the patients between ≥18 - 45 years of age diagnosed preeclampsia were admitted and evaluated for thrombocytopenia. Results: During six month study period, total of 177 patients with preeclampsia were evaluated for thrombocytopenia. The majority of patients were from urban areas 125/177 (70.6%). The mean ±SD for maternal and gestational age of the preeclamptic patient was 32.75±8.85 and 28.75±7.63 whereas the mean platelet count was 93200±10.74 respectively. The majority of the patients were 21-30 years of age (54.8%) and the finding was statistically significant with gestational age [p=0.002]. The thrombocytopenia was observed in 99/177 (55.9%) and is statistically with relation to maternal age,...

Pak J Med Sci July-September, 2009

Broad ligament haematoma is a rare complication of a normal vaginal delivery. We report a 24 year... more Broad ligament haematoma is a rare complication of a normal vaginal delivery. We report a 24 year old patient who developed this complication and was managed successfully.

Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

Objective: To ascertain the impact of levocarnitine on adiponectin and serum lipid levels in a T2... more Objective: To ascertain the impact of levocarnitine on adiponectin and serum lipid levels in a T2DM mouse model. Design of the study: Randomized controlled trial Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physiology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi from 1stSeptember 2015 to 31stAugust 2017. Methodology: Forty healthy BALB/c mice, which were allocated to two groups. The mice were initially given a high-fat diet for a fortnight and then induction of T2DM was performed by injecting them with streptozotocin intraperitoneally. Group I was taken as diabetic control, and group II was given levocarnitine. After six additional days, blood samples were analyzed for insulin, adiponectin and lipids. Results: Adiponectin blood level was significantly increased and an improvement in lipid profile was observed in the levocarnitine group, when compared with control group. In the diabetic control group, a positive significant correlation was observed between (HDL-C) high density lipoprotein levels ...

Rawal Medical Journal, 2021

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

IntroductionGlobally rising the number of daily COVID-19 cases has triggered the incredible surge... more IntroductionGlobally rising the number of daily COVID-19 cases has triggered the incredible surge in the information (and misinformation) regarding COVID-19. This misinformation was about numbers of cases, inaccurate guidelines, advertisement of unapproved treatments, and remedies as cures. The increasing prevalence of depression and anxiety was found to be linked directly to the misinformation catered from social media. The study aims to explore the mental health of medical students due to a surge in information and misinformation regarding Covid-19.Materials and MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted online from August 2020 to January, 2021. 227 MBBS students of IMDC (1st year to final year with age range 19-25 years) were invited to participate in an online survey through Google docs. Those who were on medication for anxiety and depression were excluded from the study. The use of the data for research purposes was explained and written consent in the first section of the...

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Introduction: Hepatic dysfunction is a highly varied condition that can show up as minor damage w... more Introduction: Hepatic dysfunction is a highly varied condition that can show up as minor damage with elevated levels of transaminases, or appear as extensive damage and failure of liver cells. Thus, in order to reduce associated morbidity and mortality, this ailment should be diagnosed at the earliest possible so that appropriate therapy can be instituted. Our study was carried out to observe hepatic damage in patients with dengue fever (DF) by measuring alanine transaminase levels. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of three months duration was carried out in the Department of Medicine, Dr. Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital affiliated with Islamabad Medical & Dental College, Pakistan. The sampling technique was Non-Random consecutive sampling and 118 patients were included in our study. Serum Alanine Transaminase (ALT) (normal = 7-56 IU/L), serum Aspartate Transaminase (AST) (normal = 10-40 IU/L) were determined and ultra-sound abdomen was performed. Statistical analysis wa...

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, 2014

Background: To assess the effectiveness of Metformin in correcting anthropometric parameters in i... more Background: To assess the effectiveness of Metformin in correcting anthropometric parameters in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Methods: One hundred and seventy women in Group A and 145 in Group B fulfilling the clinical and biochemical criteria for PCOS were enrolled. Group allocation was done by randomization. Metformin was started at an oral dose of 500mg/day and maintained at 1500mg/ day for 3 months in Group A and 6 months in Group B. Anthropometric parameters such as waist to hip ratio, subscapularis skin fold thickness and BMI (Body Mass Index) were calculated before the start of treatment and after treatment with metformin. Results: Patients were subjected by consecutive sampling in the randomised controlled trial.In Group A and B waist to hip ratio, subscapularis skin fold thickness and body mass index (BMI) decreased highly significantly (p=0.000) after treatment with Metformin for three and six months respectively. When comparison of differences of paramet...

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, 2014

Background: To study the effectiveness of Metformin in attaining pregnancy along with ovulation i... more Background: To study the effectiveness of Metformin in attaining pregnancy along with ovulation induction medicines in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to determine beneficial effect of Metformin when taken during pregnancy. Methods: Metformin was started at an oral dose of 500mg/day and maintained at 1500mg/ day for 3 months in Group A(n=170) and 6 months in Group B(n=145). Then they were given ovulation induction medicines along with Metformin. Patients conceived were advised to take Metformin 750 mg/day in divided doses during the pregnancy. They were subdivided into Group I (those who continued Metformin during pregnancy) and Group II (those who did not continue Metformin during pregnancy. The parameters representing outcome of pregnancy such as live births, single births, multiple births, abortions, stillbirths, postnatal deaths, threatened abortions, pre term and post term delivery were observed. Results: Younger patients responded to the treatment in ...

Objective: To determine the prevalence of Covid-19 in the district of Gujrat, its association wit... more Objective: To determine the prevalence of Covid-19 in the district of Gujrat, its association with gender, age, its correlation with respiratory and cardiac symptoms and to find the link of this disease with travel history of patients to affected areas. Methodology: A total of 222 COVID-19 -Positive patients (Male and Female) out of 514 clinically suspected cases (fever, cough, dyspnoea, lethargy & anosmia) as per WHO guidelines were selected. The use of the data for research purposes was explained to patients and informed consent was taken. The study was approved by the ethical committee of Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Hospital. Samples were extracted from nasopharyngeal swabs using standard extraction protocol. Statistical tools used was SPSS Version 24. Chi-square test and correlation of age with respiratory and cardiac symptoms was calculated. Results: Male gender was significantly affected by this disease (P=0.001) as compared to the female gender. Regarding the prevalence of respirator...

Objective: To determine the perception of pregnant patients regarding the COVID pandemic, prevent... more Objective: To determine the perception of pregnant patients regarding the COVID pandemic, preventive measures taken by the patients during the pandemic, and the impact of COVID on their Natal, Intrapartum, and

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2016

OBJECTIVE To find genetic association of sperm mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid cytochrome c o... more OBJECTIVE To find genetic association of sperm mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid cytochrome c oxidase III subunit 15bp deletion with male infertility in Pakistan. METHODS The case-control study was conducted from July 2011 to December 2013, and comprised semen samples that were divided into two main groups; the control group had normozoospermic patients while the other group had infertile subjects. The Infertile group was sub-divided into four groups on the basis of semen analysis. Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted using modified organic extraction method, amplified by polymerase chain reaction with cytochrome c oxidase III-specific primers. The fragments were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis; 135bp wild fragment and 120bp deleted one. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. RESULTS Of the 194 samples, 44(22.6%) were controls, and 150(77.3%) were infertile. The infertile group sub-division was oligozoospermic 20(13.3%), asthenozoospermic 36(24%), oligoasthenoteratozoospermic 88...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2013

BACKGROUND Research conducted over PCOS by various groups in the world indicated the effect of Me... more BACKGROUND Research conducted over PCOS by various groups in the world indicated the effect of Metformin on PCOS. Previous studies suggest that Glucophage by reducing hyper-insulinemia is clinically useful in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Our Objective was to observe the role of Glucophage in treating infertility of polycystic patients within three months in Group A and six months in Group B patients. Another aim was to assess the decrease in hyper-insulinemia and Leptin levels by Glucophage in our population. METHODS This study was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, and Noor Specialised Clinic Islamabad, from Oct 2004 to Apr 2008. One hundred and seventy women in Group A and 145 in Group B fulfilling the clinical and biochemical criteria for PCOS were enrolled. Glucophage was started at an oral dose of 500 mg/day and maintained at 1500 mg for 3 months or 6 months in both Groups. Besides ultrasono...

Pakistan Journal of Physiology, Dec 31, 2021

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (Print), Sep 25, 2023

Objectives: To determine the association of Apgar score with maternal age and haemoglobin. Method... more Objectives: To determine the association of Apgar score with maternal age and haemoglobin. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on mothers (n=306) delivering live, full-term, singleton babies by spontaneous vertex delivery. Women who suffered stillbirths had babies of unknown gestational age or showed comorbidities were excluded. SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis. Mean + standard deviation and percentages were calculated. Cross-tabulation and logistic regression were done to see the association between dependent and independent variables. A p-value of <0.05 was statistically significant. Results: The ages of women ranged from 20 to 40 years (mean= 25+1.9). The number of patients aged 24 years with Hb <7g/dl was 6 (37.5%). Out of all, 90 (29.4%) patients had Hb >11g/dl, and their ages were 30 years which was significant (p = 0.000). Apgar score for the neonates showed that 258 (84.3%) had an Apgar score >7 while 48 (15.7%) had a score < 7. Babies of mothers whose age was 26 years had Apgar score < 7(25%) (p = 0.001). Neonatal birth weight, of <2kg was observed in infants born to young mothers of 26 years of age (20%) (p = 0.001), and a weight >3.5kg was recorded in 20 infants (6.5%). The younger mothers had lower Hb, and their babies had low Apgar scores <7 at the time of birth (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Women of younger age and lower haemoglobin levels give birth to infants with low Apgar scores and birth weight. Low birth weight in neonates is significantly associated with a low five-minute Apgar score.

Biological & clinical sciences research journal, Jun 27, 2023

The retrospective study was conducted in Nishtar Medical Hospital & Bakhtawar Amin Hospital from ... more The retrospective study was conducted in Nishtar Medical Hospital & Bakhtawar Amin Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 to evaluate CT findings of bone erosion and the implication of surgical treatment in patients with AFRS. The study was conducted on a total of 140 patients. All patients underwent sinus CT examination before the start of treatment. Experienced neuroradiologist examined CT characteristics of bone erosion. Data were recorded, including disease and bone erosion location, sinus expansion, and disease extension into neighboring anatomical spaces. Of 140 patients, 26 (18.5%) had radiographic evidence of bone erosion. 1 of the 26 patients had undergone previous endoscopic surgery. The ethmoid sinus was the most common site of bone erosion. The adjacent anatomic site which was affected most due to disease extension was the orbit. There was a significant association between bone expansion and expansion of frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary sinuses (P=.027). Bone erosion creates a route for disease progression in the intracranial cavity and orbit. It is not associated with fungal invasion and should be accurately differentiated from Sino nasal malignancy or invasive fungal sinusitis to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures.

Biological & clinical sciences research journal, Jun 16, 2023

Iron deficiency anemia is acute morbidity in pregnant women and can pose serious risks to the mot... more Iron deficiency anemia is acute morbidity in pregnant women and can pose serious risks to the mother and the child. Oral iron therapy is inefficient for treatment for this condition due to side effects and non-compliance. Hence, parenteral iron therapy is preferred in pregnant patients as it has little to no adverse effects and treats the patient rapidly. Iron sucrose is recommended as it is safe and can be used as an alternative to other parenteral iron therapies. Other iron agents and immune mechanisms often release bioactive iron in the system, leading to oxidative stress and other side effects. Iron sucrose has been proven effective and safer than other iron alternatives; this report shows a pregnant woman with severe iron deficiency who experienced a fatal anaphylactic reaction to iron sucrose..

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Background: Stress disturbs body weight and food intake, but the core mechanisms are not well un... more Background: Stress disturbs body weight and food intake, but the core mechanisms are not well understood. Study design: Experimental Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats (mean wt 250 ± 50 grams) were used and divided into 2 groups. Each group comprised of 30 rats. Group I was taken as control. Group II was exposed to chronic stress. Results: The comparison of weight gain by the different groups disclosed that there was a significant decrease in weight gain of rats exposed to the chronic stress as compared to control group. Conclusion: Chronic restraint stress has a detrimental effect on body weight.

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Introduction: The steviol glycosides are found in the stevia leaf. These glycosides possess swee... more Introduction: The steviol glycosides are found in the stevia leaf. These glycosides possess sweetening properties as well as they have antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, and anti-hypertensive effects. This study was conducted to find out the effect of Stevia leaf on body weight in obese Sprague Dawley male rats. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was carried out on 90 Sprague Dawley male rats. Group1(normal control) was given a standard diet for the entire study period, while the remaining sixty rats were given a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to induce obesity. The obese rats were randomly assigned to group 2 (Obese Control) and Group 3 (obese + Stevia) and given HFD for another 6 weeks. The stevia leaf powder was added to the diet of group 3. Diet intake was noted for all the groups. Rats were weighed on the first day of every week, for six weeks, and then at the end of the study period. Results: Body weights of rats in each grou...

Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine

To analyze the association of CYP24A1 gene polymorphism with vitamin D deficiency and its related... more To analyze the association of CYP24A1 gene polymorphism with vitamin D deficiency and its related cardiovascular disorders in the Pakistani population. The present prospective cohort study was carried out at KRL and Rawalpindi General Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018. A total of 110 subjects suffering from heart diseases like hypertension, myocardial infarction, or congestive cardiac failure (age range 12-90 years) were enrolled in this study with informed consent. Sampling was done by non-probability convenience sampling. Blood 24Hydroxyvitmin D levels were assessed in the participants by using an electrochemiluminescence system. Genetic polymorphism in the CYP24A1 gene was screened in selected patients (n=15) through PCR-RFLP, after genomic DNA extraction from the whole blood. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 for Mac. Fisher’s exact test and chi-square tests were applied for qualitative variables. The risk of polymorphism in CYP24A1(SNP rs6013897) genotypes TT, ...

Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

Aim: To determine the ramifications of soft drinks on Body Mass Index and effects on various rena... more Aim: To determine the ramifications of soft drinks on Body Mass Index and effects on various renal parameters. Study design: Cross-sectional study Place and duration of study: HBS Medical and Dental College from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2021. Methodology: One hundred and ten students from first year to final year MBBS were recruited from Medical Colleges of Islamabad. We assessed caffeinated sugar beverage consumption (Sprite, Mountain Dew, Coke, Pepsi & 7-Up). Inclusion criteria consisted of users (n=48) who took caffeinated soft drinks at least 5-7 glasses/week. Those who took less than this drink was labelled non-users (n=62). Questionnaire we used was self-administered about sociodemographic data, height, weight, soft drinks consumption frequency, and a record of urine R/E Combi 10 strip test. Results: There were 41(37.3%) males and 69(62.7%) females. The percentage of underweight, normal, overweight and obese students was 31.8%, 36.4%, 22.7% and 9.1% respectively. Out ...

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International

Objective: To determine the frequency of thrombocytopenia in pre-eclamptic women presented at Isr... more Objective: To determine the frequency of thrombocytopenia in pre-eclamptic women presented at Isra University Hospital Hyderabad. Patients and Methods: This cross sectional descriptive study of six months study was conducted at Isra university hospital from April 2019 to September 2019. All the patients between ≥18 - 45 years of age diagnosed preeclampsia were admitted and evaluated for thrombocytopenia. Results: During six month study period, total of 177 patients with preeclampsia were evaluated for thrombocytopenia. The majority of patients were from urban areas 125/177 (70.6%). The mean ±SD for maternal and gestational age of the preeclamptic patient was 32.75±8.85 and 28.75±7.63 whereas the mean platelet count was 93200±10.74 respectively. The majority of the patients were 21-30 years of age (54.8%) and the finding was statistically significant with gestational age [p=0.002]. The thrombocytopenia was observed in 99/177 (55.9%) and is statistically with relation to maternal age,...

Pak J Med Sci July-September, 2009

Broad ligament haematoma is a rare complication of a normal vaginal delivery. We report a 24 year... more Broad ligament haematoma is a rare complication of a normal vaginal delivery. We report a 24 year old patient who developed this complication and was managed successfully.

Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

Objective: To ascertain the impact of levocarnitine on adiponectin and serum lipid levels in a T2... more Objective: To ascertain the impact of levocarnitine on adiponectin and serum lipid levels in a T2DM mouse model. Design of the study: Randomized controlled trial Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physiology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi from 1stSeptember 2015 to 31stAugust 2017. Methodology: Forty healthy BALB/c mice, which were allocated to two groups. The mice were initially given a high-fat diet for a fortnight and then induction of T2DM was performed by injecting them with streptozotocin intraperitoneally. Group I was taken as diabetic control, and group II was given levocarnitine. After six additional days, blood samples were analyzed for insulin, adiponectin and lipids. Results: Adiponectin blood level was significantly increased and an improvement in lipid profile was observed in the levocarnitine group, when compared with control group. In the diabetic control group, a positive significant correlation was observed between (HDL-C) high density lipoprotein levels ...

Rawal Medical Journal, 2021

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

IntroductionGlobally rising the number of daily COVID-19 cases has triggered the incredible surge... more IntroductionGlobally rising the number of daily COVID-19 cases has triggered the incredible surge in the information (and misinformation) regarding COVID-19. This misinformation was about numbers of cases, inaccurate guidelines, advertisement of unapproved treatments, and remedies as cures. The increasing prevalence of depression and anxiety was found to be linked directly to the misinformation catered from social media. The study aims to explore the mental health of medical students due to a surge in information and misinformation regarding Covid-19.Materials and MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted online from August 2020 to January, 2021. 227 MBBS students of IMDC (1st year to final year with age range 19-25 years) were invited to participate in an online survey through Google docs. Those who were on medication for anxiety and depression were excluded from the study. The use of the data for research purposes was explained and written consent in the first section of the...

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Introduction: Hepatic dysfunction is a highly varied condition that can show up as minor damage w... more Introduction: Hepatic dysfunction is a highly varied condition that can show up as minor damage with elevated levels of transaminases, or appear as extensive damage and failure of liver cells. Thus, in order to reduce associated morbidity and mortality, this ailment should be diagnosed at the earliest possible so that appropriate therapy can be instituted. Our study was carried out to observe hepatic damage in patients with dengue fever (DF) by measuring alanine transaminase levels. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of three months duration was carried out in the Department of Medicine, Dr. Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital affiliated with Islamabad Medical & Dental College, Pakistan. The sampling technique was Non-Random consecutive sampling and 118 patients were included in our study. Serum Alanine Transaminase (ALT) (normal = 7-56 IU/L), serum Aspartate Transaminase (AST) (normal = 10-40 IU/L) were determined and ultra-sound abdomen was performed. Statistical analysis wa...

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, 2014

Background: To assess the effectiveness of Metformin in correcting anthropometric parameters in i... more Background: To assess the effectiveness of Metformin in correcting anthropometric parameters in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Methods: One hundred and seventy women in Group A and 145 in Group B fulfilling the clinical and biochemical criteria for PCOS were enrolled. Group allocation was done by randomization. Metformin was started at an oral dose of 500mg/day and maintained at 1500mg/ day for 3 months in Group A and 6 months in Group B. Anthropometric parameters such as waist to hip ratio, subscapularis skin fold thickness and BMI (Body Mass Index) were calculated before the start of treatment and after treatment with metformin. Results: Patients were subjected by consecutive sampling in the randomised controlled trial.In Group A and B waist to hip ratio, subscapularis skin fold thickness and body mass index (BMI) decreased highly significantly (p=0.000) after treatment with Metformin for three and six months respectively. When comparison of differences of paramet...

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, 2014

Background: To study the effectiveness of Metformin in attaining pregnancy along with ovulation i... more Background: To study the effectiveness of Metformin in attaining pregnancy along with ovulation induction medicines in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to determine beneficial effect of Metformin when taken during pregnancy. Methods: Metformin was started at an oral dose of 500mg/day and maintained at 1500mg/ day for 3 months in Group A(n=170) and 6 months in Group B(n=145). Then they were given ovulation induction medicines along with Metformin. Patients conceived were advised to take Metformin 750 mg/day in divided doses during the pregnancy. They were subdivided into Group I (those who continued Metformin during pregnancy) and Group II (those who did not continue Metformin during pregnancy. The parameters representing outcome of pregnancy such as live births, single births, multiple births, abortions, stillbirths, postnatal deaths, threatened abortions, pre term and post term delivery were observed. Results: Younger patients responded to the treatment in ...

Objective: To determine the prevalence of Covid-19 in the district of Gujrat, its association wit... more Objective: To determine the prevalence of Covid-19 in the district of Gujrat, its association with gender, age, its correlation with respiratory and cardiac symptoms and to find the link of this disease with travel history of patients to affected areas. Methodology: A total of 222 COVID-19 -Positive patients (Male and Female) out of 514 clinically suspected cases (fever, cough, dyspnoea, lethargy & anosmia) as per WHO guidelines were selected. The use of the data for research purposes was explained to patients and informed consent was taken. The study was approved by the ethical committee of Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Hospital. Samples were extracted from nasopharyngeal swabs using standard extraction protocol. Statistical tools used was SPSS Version 24. Chi-square test and correlation of age with respiratory and cardiac symptoms was calculated. Results: Male gender was significantly affected by this disease (P=0.001) as compared to the female gender. Regarding the prevalence of respirator...

Objective: To determine the perception of pregnant patients regarding the COVID pandemic, prevent... more Objective: To determine the perception of pregnant patients regarding the COVID pandemic, preventive measures taken by the patients during the pandemic, and the impact of COVID on their Natal, Intrapartum, and

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2016

OBJECTIVE To find genetic association of sperm mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid cytochrome c o... more OBJECTIVE To find genetic association of sperm mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid cytochrome c oxidase III subunit 15bp deletion with male infertility in Pakistan. METHODS The case-control study was conducted from July 2011 to December 2013, and comprised semen samples that were divided into two main groups; the control group had normozoospermic patients while the other group had infertile subjects. The Infertile group was sub-divided into four groups on the basis of semen analysis. Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted using modified organic extraction method, amplified by polymerase chain reaction with cytochrome c oxidase III-specific primers. The fragments were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis; 135bp wild fragment and 120bp deleted one. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. RESULTS Of the 194 samples, 44(22.6%) were controls, and 150(77.3%) were infertile. The infertile group sub-division was oligozoospermic 20(13.3%), asthenozoospermic 36(24%), oligoasthenoteratozoospermic 88...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2013

BACKGROUND Research conducted over PCOS by various groups in the world indicated the effect of Me... more BACKGROUND Research conducted over PCOS by various groups in the world indicated the effect of Metformin on PCOS. Previous studies suggest that Glucophage by reducing hyper-insulinemia is clinically useful in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Our Objective was to observe the role of Glucophage in treating infertility of polycystic patients within three months in Group A and six months in Group B patients. Another aim was to assess the decrease in hyper-insulinemia and Leptin levels by Glucophage in our population. METHODS This study was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, and Noor Specialised Clinic Islamabad, from Oct 2004 to Apr 2008. One hundred and seventy women in Group A and 145 in Group B fulfilling the clinical and biochemical criteria for PCOS were enrolled. Glucophage was started at an oral dose of 500 mg/day and maintained at 1500 mg for 3 months or 6 months in both Groups. Besides ultrasono...