Monica Viveros Rogel | Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición S.Z. (original) (raw)
Papers by Monica Viveros Rogel
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 2021
We present a cohort of individuals who reached CD4 + T cell counts of greater than 1,000 cells/mm... more We present a cohort of individuals who reached CD4 + T cell counts of greater than 1,000 cells/mm 3 (Hypers) after starting antiretroviral treatment (ART) and compared them with those who reached between 350 and 999 CD4 + T cells/mm 3 (Concordants). Demographic data, immune recovery kinetics, T CD4 + subset phenotypes, and integrated HIV DNA were analyzed. Data from individuals living with HIV on their first ART regimen and after 48 months of follow-up were obtained. Immune phenotype by Flow Cytometry analysis on whole blood was performed, cytokines were measured, and integrated HIV-1 DNA was measured by polymerase chain reaction. From a total of 424 individuals, 26 Hypers (6.1%), 314 Concordants (74.1%), and 84 (19.8%) discordants were identified. Hypers had a higher proportion of CD4 +-naive (Nv) T cells (37.6 vs. 24.8, p < .05), and a low proportion of CD4 + effector memory T cells (27.9 vs. 39.4, p < .05), with similar results found in CD8 + T cells. Hypers demonstrated a higher percentage of CD4 + CD45RA + CD31 neg cells with a lower response to interleukin-2 stimulation and a lower integrated HIV-1 DNA/CD4 ratio (1.2 vs. 2.89, p < .05). In Hypers, T cell recovery occurs very early after initiation of ART. Following this initial recovery state, their CD4 + T cell level homeostasis seems to be driven by nonthymic-central-Nv cells. This exceptional recovery is associated with a lower HIV reservoir, which may be related to an increase in noninfected CD4 + T cells. These patients could then be eligible candidates for cure trials.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2020
Please cite this article as: { doi: https://doi.org/ This is a PDF file of an article that has un... more Please cite this article as: { doi: https://doi.org/ This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology, 1996
The reactivities of 1,172 serum samples obtained from asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus t... more The reactivities of 1,172 serum samples obtained from asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-positive and HIV-1-negative individuals residing in Mexico to a synthetic disulfide-looped peptide from the HIV-1 gp41 (amino acids 602 to 616 [IWGCSGKLICTTAVP]) were examined by an enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) procedure. Antibodies to the synthetic peptide were detected in 261 of 268 serum samples from HIV-positive individuals (sensitivity, 97.4%). The peptide also reacted with 12 of 904 serum samples from control HIV-negative individuals (specificity, 98.7%). Western blots (immunoblots) of four of the seven serum samples that produced false-negative results in the ELISA showed that three of them reacted weakly with gp41 and strongly with gp120, p55, and/or p24. Potential diagnostic difficulties raised by the reported C1q binding capacity of this peptide were also evaluated: few and weak false-positive results were found among sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (1 of 31) and neurocysticercosis (2 of 111). In fact, strong reactivity with the peptide spotted an undetected HIV infection underlying clinical neurocysticercosis.
This study investigated the correlations between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) ... more This study investigated the correlations between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reservoir and immune activation levels in chronic patients under fully suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: We quantified the HIV-1 proviral DNA and 2-long terminal repeat (2-LTR) circle loads from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the levels of CD38 + and Ki-67 + T-cells, and the levels of interleukin 7 (IL-7) in a cohort of patients with more than 5 years of ART at enrollment and after 1 year. Results: Among 29 participants with a median of 8 years (inter-quartile range, 6.9-9.4) under suppressive ART, we found higher levels of CD8 + CD38 + T-cells after 1 year (P = .000). We determined weak and statistically non-significant correlations between the levels of immune activation and the proviral DNA loads in CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells. Ki-67 + T-cells declined but not significantly and there was no significant correlation with the proportion of CD38 +. Plasmatic IL-7 did not consistently correlated with the CD38 + and Ki-67 + T-cells. Conclusions: We found weak but statistically non-significant correlations between the levels of T-cell activation and the proviral DNA and 2-LTR circle loads. These results suggest that mechanisms other than viral replication drive chronic versus early immune activation in the long term.
Gaceta médica de México
The present work explores the use of image digitalization of western blot (WB) aiming to extract ... more The present work explores the use of image digitalization of western blot (WB) aiming to extract more information about the humoral immune response of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals, and to analyze obtained data in a multivariate manner. The digitalization and analysis of WB images was performed on 115 sera. Images were analyzed either qualitatively: dendogram and principal component analysis (PCA) or quantitatively: PCA of the total bands, taking either the antigens, which belong to the virus, or only those which do not. Results show the feasibility of mechanical diagnosis of a large number of WB images. The dendogram and the qualitative PCA satisfactorily separated white images, images with less than four bands, and images with more complex patterns. Quantitative analysis, which keeps more information, separated the images of negative, undetermined and positive diagnosis quite precisely. It was also found that the positive images with complex patterns of a...
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology, 1998
Gac Med …, 1998
RESUMEN El presente trabajo explora la digitalización de imágenes de" western blot"(WB)... more RESUMEN El presente trabajo explora la digitalización de imágenes de" western blot"(WB) para extraer mayor información acerca de la respuesta inmune humoral del paciente infectado por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia adquirida humana (VIH) y analizar de ...
Immunology Letters, 2019
Anti-lymphocyte autoantibodies (ALA) may contribute to inhibition of the HIV Envmediated lympho... more Anti-lymphocyte autoantibodies (ALA) may contribute to inhibition of the HIV Envmediated lymphocyte membrane fusion. IgG and IgM binding to Jurkat CD4-negative cells was detected in most of HIV + sera. Absorption on CD4-negative Jurkat cells reduced the fusion inhibition activity of 58% of sera. Detection of fusion inhibitory ALA, but not total ALA levels, associated with low plasma viral loads. Specific ALA may participate in virus containment in many HIV + patients.
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1994
The presence of serum antibodies to Entamoeba histolytica was detected by indirect hemagglutinati... more The presence of serum antibodies to Entamoeba histolytica was detected by indirect hemagglutination in a representative sample of the 32 federal entities of the Mexican Republic. This study was designed to include biologic, geographic, social, economic, and educational variables. The total percentage of positive sera was 8.41%. Seroprevalence varied with geographic zones, with the South Central, South Pacific, and Yucatan Peninsula areas showing the highest values (&amp;gt; or = 9%), and the North, Northeast, and Gulf of Mexico areas showing the lowest values (&amp;lt; or = 8.0%). Seroprevalence of anti-E. histolytica antibodies seemed to increase from the northern regions to the southern areas of Mexico. These results indicated that amebiasis is endemic in the Mexican Republic, with areas of high seroprevalence not related to climatic conditions. Exposure to infectious contact with E. histolytica occurred at all ages, with a higher frequency at school age.
Antiviral Research, 2020
While combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has had a great impact on the treatment of HIV-1 inf... more While combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has had a great impact on the treatment of HIV-1 infection, the persistence of long-lived cells with an intact provirus precludes virus eradication and sterilizing cure. CRISPR/ Cas9 genome editing has become an efficient tool to eradicate HIV-1 genome or prevent replication. Furthermore, regulation of Cas9 gene expression by HIV can induce mutations that could inactivate the proviral genome, making a gene therapy safe by preventing the induction of non-specific mutations, which could compromise the integrity of healthy cells. In this study, isolated HIV-1 LTR, INS and RRE sequences were used to regulate Cas9 expression in HEK293 cells, and guide RNAs (gRNAs) were designed to target mutations in HIV-1 conserved regions such as tat and rev regulatory genes. We demonstrate that Cas9 expression in our system is controlled by the HIV-1 Tat and Rev proteins, leading to self-regulation of gene edition, and showing a strong antiviral effect by inactivating HIV-1 replication. Sequencing analysis confirmed that viral genome was partially excised by multiplex editing (90% efficiency), and viral capsid protein (CA-p24) was undetectable. In conclusion, the self-regulated CRISPR/Cas9 system may be a reliable and accurate strategy for eliminating HIV-1 infection whose effect will be restricted to infected cells.
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2020
This study investigated the correlations between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) ... more This study investigated the correlations between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reservoir and immune activation levels in chronic patients under fully suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: We quantified the HIV-1 proviral DNA and 2-long terminal repeat (2-LTR) circle loads from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the levels of CD38 + and Ki-67 + T-cells, and the levels of interleukin 7 (IL-7) in a cohort of patients with more than 5 years of ART at enrollment and after 1 year. Results: Among 29 participants with a median of 8 years (inter-quartile range, 6.9-9.4) under suppressive ART, we found higher levels of CD8 + CD38 + T-cells after 1 year (P = .000). We determined weak and statistically non-significant correlations between the levels of immune activation and the proviral DNA loads in CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells. Ki-67 + T-cells declined but not significantly and there was no significant correlation with the proportion of CD38 +. Plasmatic IL-7 did not consistently correlated with the CD38 + and Ki-67 + T-cells. Conclusions: We found weak but statistically non-significant correlations between the levels of T-cell activation and the proviral DNA and 2-LTR circle loads. These results suggest that mechanisms other than viral replication drive chronic versus early immune activation in the long term.
Immunology letters, 2019
The HIV-1 envelope protein (Env) mediates the membrane fusion process allowing virus entry to tar... more The HIV-1 envelope protein (Env) mediates the membrane fusion process allowing virus entry to target cells and the efficiency to induce membrane fusion is an important determinant of HIV-1 pathogenicity. In addition to virus receptors, other adhesion/signaling molecules on infected and target cells and virus particles can enhance fusion. The presence of antilymphocyte autoantibodies (ALA) in HIV patients' serum suggests that they may contribute to the inhibition of Env-mediated membrane fusion. Here, sera from 38 HIV-1 infected treatmentnaïve men and 30 healthy donors were analyzed for the presence of IgG and IgM able to bind to CD4-negative Jurkat cells. The use of CD4-negative cells precluded the binding of virus-antibody immune complexes, and allowed detection of ALA different from anti-CD4 antibodies. IgG and IgM antibodies binding to Jurkat CD4negative cells was detected in 74% and 84% of HIV-positive sera, respectively. Then, the activity of sera on fusion of CD4 + with HIV Env + Jurkat cells was determined before and after their adsorption on CD4-negative Jurkat cells to remove ALA. Sera inhibited fusion at variable extents, and inhibitory activity decreased in 58% of serum samples after adsorption, indicating that ALA contributed to fusion inhibition in these sera (herein called fusion inhibitory ALA). The contribution of ALA to fusion inhibition in individual sera was highly variable, with an average of 33%. IgG purified from a pool of HIV + sera inhibited fusion of primary CD4 T lymphocytes with Jurkat Env + , and adsorption of IgG on CD4-negative Jurkat cells diminished the fusion inhibitory activity. Thus, the inhibitory activity of sera was related to IgG ALA. Our observations suggest that fusion inhibitory ALA other than anti-CD4 antibodies may contribute significantly to the inhibition of Env-mediated cell-cell fusion. Fusion inhibitory ALA, but not total ALA levels, associated with low plasma viral loads, suggesting that specific ALA may participate in virus containment by inhibiting virus-cell fusion in a significant fraction of HIV-infected patients.
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1994
The presence of serum antibodies to Entamoeba histolytica was detected by indirect hemagglutinati... more The presence of serum antibodies to Entamoeba histolytica was detected by indirect hemagglutination in a representative sample of the 32 federal entities of the Mexican Republic. This study was designed to include biologic, geographic, social, economic, and educational variables. The total percentage of positive sera was 8.41%. Seroprevalence varied with geographic zones, with the South Central, South Pacific, and Yucatan Peninsula areas showing the highest values (>9%), and the North, Northeast, and Gulf of Mexico areas showing the lowes values (<8.0%). Seroprevalence of anti-E.histolytica antibodies seemed to increase from the northern regions to the southern areas of Mexico. These results indicated that amebiasis is endemic in the Mexican Republic, with areas of highseroprevalence not related to climatic conditions. Exposure to infectious contact with E. histolytica occurred at all ages, with a higher frequency at school age.
AIDS Research of Human Retroviruses, 2022
We present a cohort of individuals who reached CD4 + T cell counts of greater than 1,000 cells/mm... more We present a cohort of individuals who reached CD4 + T cell counts of greater than 1,000 cells/mm 3 (Hypers) after starting antiretroviral treatment (ART) and compared them with those who reached between 350 and 999 CD4 + T cells/mm 3 (Concordants). Demographic data, immune recovery kinetics, T CD4 + subset phenotypes, and integrated HIV DNA were analyzed. Data from individuals living with HIV on their first ART regimen and after 48 months of follow-up were obtained. Immune phenotype by Flow Cytometry analysis on whole blood was performed, cytokines were measured, and integrated HIV-1 DNA was measured by polymerase chain reaction. From a total of 424 individuals, 26 Hypers (6.1%), 314 Concordants (74.1%), and 84 (19.8%) discordants were identified. Hypers had a higher proportion of CD4 +-naive (Nv) T cells (37.6 vs. 24.8, p < .05), and a low proportion of CD4 + effector memory T cells (27.9 vs. 39.4, p < .05), with similar results found in CD8 + T cells. Hypers demonstrated a higher percentage of CD4 + CD45RA + CD31 neg cells with a lower response to interleukin-2 stimulation and a lower integrated HIV-1 DNA/CD4 ratio (1.2 vs. 2.89, p < .05). In Hypers, T cell recovery occurs very early after initiation of ART. Following this initial recovery state, their CD4 + T cell level homeostasis seems to be driven by nonthymic-central-Nv cells. This exceptional recovery is associated with a lower HIV reservoir, which may be related to an increase in noninfected CD4 + T cells. These patients could then be eligible candidates for cure trials.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Glycobiology, 2011
The foodborne pathogen, Campylobacter jejuni, is one of the leading causes of bacterial gastroent... more The foodborne pathogen, Campylobacter jejuni, is one of the leading causes of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide and frequently associated with the post-infectious neuropathy, Guillain-Barré syndrome. C. jejuni was the first bacterium demonstrated to possess a general N-linked protein glycosylation ( pgl) pathway that adds a conserved heptasaccharide (GalNAc-GalNAc-(Glc) GalNAc-GalNAc-GalNAc-diNAcBac) to the extended sequon D/ E-X-N-X-S/T of more than 60 proteins. We recently demonstrated that C. jejuni also produces large amounts of free oligosaccharides (fOS) derived from the N-glycan pathway. The fOS produced by C. jejuni are structurally identical to the N-linked glycan and are Self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) is maintained by leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)/STAT3 signaling. However, this signaling control does not function in mouse
Anti-HIV Effect In Vitro of Human Milk Glycoconjugates. Acosta-Blanco I1,Ortega-Francisco S1, Dio... more Anti-HIV Effect In Vitro of Human Milk Glycoconjugates. Acosta-Blanco I1,Ortega-Francisco S1, Dionisio-Vicuña M2, Méndez-Hernández EN3, Hernández-Flores M4, Fuentes-Romero L4,Newburg D5,Soto-Ramírez LE4,Ruiz-Palacios G4and Viveros-Rogel M4. 1Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Mexico City, Mexico. 2Universidad Autonoma de Puebla. Puebla, Mexico. 3Universidad Autonoma de Baja California. Baja California, Mexico. 4Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran. Mexico City, Mexico. 5Boston College.ChetnutHill,Massachusetts, USA. Sulfated glycolipids(SGs) and glycosaminoglycans(GAGs)present on the surface of colonic, vaginal epithelial and neuroglial cells bind to HIVgp120, suggesting that these glycoconjugates may have a role in HIV infection. OBJECTIVES To test the ability of the humanmilkglycoconjugates(GAGs,SGs and F3) to inhibit the infection of T-celllines and monocytes celllines by HIV-1 laboratoryisolatesin vitro. METHODS GAGs,SGs and F3 glycoconjugate...
PREVALENCE OF HIV-1 TRANSMITTED RESISTANCE IN A SURVEILLANCE STUDY IN CENTRAL MEXICO, ACCORDING T... more PREVALENCE OF HIV-1 TRANSMITTED RESISTANCE IN A SURVEILLANCE STUDY IN CENTRAL MEXICO, ACCORDING TO CALIBRATED POPULATION RESISTANCE Antivir Ther 2009; 14 Suppl 1:A173 (abstract no. 150) RA Rodriguez-Diaz, LL Fuentes-Romero, M Viveros-Rogel, M Hernandez-Flores and LE Soto-Ramirez Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion, Mexico City, Mexico BACKGROUND: The transmission of HIV drug resistant strains is an ongoing problem, especially in developed countries and not completely evaluated in developing countries. Although several surveillance resistance criteria have been developed in order to estimate the prevalence of transmitted resistance, many studies still use secondary resistance algorithms or list of mutations that do not provide comparable results. The main goal of our work was to determine the prevalence of transmitted resistance in patients with recent diagnosis in Mexico according to a calibrated Population resistance specially designed to evaluate resistance transmit...
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 2021
We present a cohort of individuals who reached CD4 + T cell counts of greater than 1,000 cells/mm... more We present a cohort of individuals who reached CD4 + T cell counts of greater than 1,000 cells/mm 3 (Hypers) after starting antiretroviral treatment (ART) and compared them with those who reached between 350 and 999 CD4 + T cells/mm 3 (Concordants). Demographic data, immune recovery kinetics, T CD4 + subset phenotypes, and integrated HIV DNA were analyzed. Data from individuals living with HIV on their first ART regimen and after 48 months of follow-up were obtained. Immune phenotype by Flow Cytometry analysis on whole blood was performed, cytokines were measured, and integrated HIV-1 DNA was measured by polymerase chain reaction. From a total of 424 individuals, 26 Hypers (6.1%), 314 Concordants (74.1%), and 84 (19.8%) discordants were identified. Hypers had a higher proportion of CD4 +-naive (Nv) T cells (37.6 vs. 24.8, p < .05), and a low proportion of CD4 + effector memory T cells (27.9 vs. 39.4, p < .05), with similar results found in CD8 + T cells. Hypers demonstrated a higher percentage of CD4 + CD45RA + CD31 neg cells with a lower response to interleukin-2 stimulation and a lower integrated HIV-1 DNA/CD4 ratio (1.2 vs. 2.89, p < .05). In Hypers, T cell recovery occurs very early after initiation of ART. Following this initial recovery state, their CD4 + T cell level homeostasis seems to be driven by nonthymic-central-Nv cells. This exceptional recovery is associated with a lower HIV reservoir, which may be related to an increase in noninfected CD4 + T cells. These patients could then be eligible candidates for cure trials.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2020
Please cite this article as: { doi: https://doi.org/ This is a PDF file of an article that has un... more Please cite this article as: { doi: https://doi.org/ This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology, 1996
The reactivities of 1,172 serum samples obtained from asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus t... more The reactivities of 1,172 serum samples obtained from asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-positive and HIV-1-negative individuals residing in Mexico to a synthetic disulfide-looped peptide from the HIV-1 gp41 (amino acids 602 to 616 [IWGCSGKLICTTAVP]) were examined by an enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) procedure. Antibodies to the synthetic peptide were detected in 261 of 268 serum samples from HIV-positive individuals (sensitivity, 97.4%). The peptide also reacted with 12 of 904 serum samples from control HIV-negative individuals (specificity, 98.7%). Western blots (immunoblots) of four of the seven serum samples that produced false-negative results in the ELISA showed that three of them reacted weakly with gp41 and strongly with gp120, p55, and/or p24. Potential diagnostic difficulties raised by the reported C1q binding capacity of this peptide were also evaluated: few and weak false-positive results were found among sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (1 of 31) and neurocysticercosis (2 of 111). In fact, strong reactivity with the peptide spotted an undetected HIV infection underlying clinical neurocysticercosis.
This study investigated the correlations between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) ... more This study investigated the correlations between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reservoir and immune activation levels in chronic patients under fully suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: We quantified the HIV-1 proviral DNA and 2-long terminal repeat (2-LTR) circle loads from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the levels of CD38 + and Ki-67 + T-cells, and the levels of interleukin 7 (IL-7) in a cohort of patients with more than 5 years of ART at enrollment and after 1 year. Results: Among 29 participants with a median of 8 years (inter-quartile range, 6.9-9.4) under suppressive ART, we found higher levels of CD8 + CD38 + T-cells after 1 year (P = .000). We determined weak and statistically non-significant correlations between the levels of immune activation and the proviral DNA loads in CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells. Ki-67 + T-cells declined but not significantly and there was no significant correlation with the proportion of CD38 +. Plasmatic IL-7 did not consistently correlated with the CD38 + and Ki-67 + T-cells. Conclusions: We found weak but statistically non-significant correlations between the levels of T-cell activation and the proviral DNA and 2-LTR circle loads. These results suggest that mechanisms other than viral replication drive chronic versus early immune activation in the long term.
Gaceta médica de México
The present work explores the use of image digitalization of western blot (WB) aiming to extract ... more The present work explores the use of image digitalization of western blot (WB) aiming to extract more information about the humoral immune response of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals, and to analyze obtained data in a multivariate manner. The digitalization and analysis of WB images was performed on 115 sera. Images were analyzed either qualitatively: dendogram and principal component analysis (PCA) or quantitatively: PCA of the total bands, taking either the antigens, which belong to the virus, or only those which do not. Results show the feasibility of mechanical diagnosis of a large number of WB images. The dendogram and the qualitative PCA satisfactorily separated white images, images with less than four bands, and images with more complex patterns. Quantitative analysis, which keeps more information, separated the images of negative, undetermined and positive diagnosis quite precisely. It was also found that the positive images with complex patterns of a...
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology, 1998
Gac Med …, 1998
RESUMEN El presente trabajo explora la digitalización de imágenes de" western blot"(WB)... more RESUMEN El presente trabajo explora la digitalización de imágenes de" western blot"(WB) para extraer mayor información acerca de la respuesta inmune humoral del paciente infectado por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia adquirida humana (VIH) y analizar de ...
Immunology Letters, 2019
Anti-lymphocyte autoantibodies (ALA) may contribute to inhibition of the HIV Envmediated lympho... more Anti-lymphocyte autoantibodies (ALA) may contribute to inhibition of the HIV Envmediated lymphocyte membrane fusion. IgG and IgM binding to Jurkat CD4-negative cells was detected in most of HIV + sera. Absorption on CD4-negative Jurkat cells reduced the fusion inhibition activity of 58% of sera. Detection of fusion inhibitory ALA, but not total ALA levels, associated with low plasma viral loads. Specific ALA may participate in virus containment in many HIV + patients.
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1994
The presence of serum antibodies to Entamoeba histolytica was detected by indirect hemagglutinati... more The presence of serum antibodies to Entamoeba histolytica was detected by indirect hemagglutination in a representative sample of the 32 federal entities of the Mexican Republic. This study was designed to include biologic, geographic, social, economic, and educational variables. The total percentage of positive sera was 8.41%. Seroprevalence varied with geographic zones, with the South Central, South Pacific, and Yucatan Peninsula areas showing the highest values (&amp;gt; or = 9%), and the North, Northeast, and Gulf of Mexico areas showing the lowest values (&amp;lt; or = 8.0%). Seroprevalence of anti-E. histolytica antibodies seemed to increase from the northern regions to the southern areas of Mexico. These results indicated that amebiasis is endemic in the Mexican Republic, with areas of high seroprevalence not related to climatic conditions. Exposure to infectious contact with E. histolytica occurred at all ages, with a higher frequency at school age.
Antiviral Research, 2020
While combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has had a great impact on the treatment of HIV-1 inf... more While combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has had a great impact on the treatment of HIV-1 infection, the persistence of long-lived cells with an intact provirus precludes virus eradication and sterilizing cure. CRISPR/ Cas9 genome editing has become an efficient tool to eradicate HIV-1 genome or prevent replication. Furthermore, regulation of Cas9 gene expression by HIV can induce mutations that could inactivate the proviral genome, making a gene therapy safe by preventing the induction of non-specific mutations, which could compromise the integrity of healthy cells. In this study, isolated HIV-1 LTR, INS and RRE sequences were used to regulate Cas9 expression in HEK293 cells, and guide RNAs (gRNAs) were designed to target mutations in HIV-1 conserved regions such as tat and rev regulatory genes. We demonstrate that Cas9 expression in our system is controlled by the HIV-1 Tat and Rev proteins, leading to self-regulation of gene edition, and showing a strong antiviral effect by inactivating HIV-1 replication. Sequencing analysis confirmed that viral genome was partially excised by multiplex editing (90% efficiency), and viral capsid protein (CA-p24) was undetectable. In conclusion, the self-regulated CRISPR/Cas9 system may be a reliable and accurate strategy for eliminating HIV-1 infection whose effect will be restricted to infected cells.
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2020
This study investigated the correlations between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) ... more This study investigated the correlations between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reservoir and immune activation levels in chronic patients under fully suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: We quantified the HIV-1 proviral DNA and 2-long terminal repeat (2-LTR) circle loads from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the levels of CD38 + and Ki-67 + T-cells, and the levels of interleukin 7 (IL-7) in a cohort of patients with more than 5 years of ART at enrollment and after 1 year. Results: Among 29 participants with a median of 8 years (inter-quartile range, 6.9-9.4) under suppressive ART, we found higher levels of CD8 + CD38 + T-cells after 1 year (P = .000). We determined weak and statistically non-significant correlations between the levels of immune activation and the proviral DNA loads in CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells. Ki-67 + T-cells declined but not significantly and there was no significant correlation with the proportion of CD38 +. Plasmatic IL-7 did not consistently correlated with the CD38 + and Ki-67 + T-cells. Conclusions: We found weak but statistically non-significant correlations between the levels of T-cell activation and the proviral DNA and 2-LTR circle loads. These results suggest that mechanisms other than viral replication drive chronic versus early immune activation in the long term.
Immunology letters, 2019
The HIV-1 envelope protein (Env) mediates the membrane fusion process allowing virus entry to tar... more The HIV-1 envelope protein (Env) mediates the membrane fusion process allowing virus entry to target cells and the efficiency to induce membrane fusion is an important determinant of HIV-1 pathogenicity. In addition to virus receptors, other adhesion/signaling molecules on infected and target cells and virus particles can enhance fusion. The presence of antilymphocyte autoantibodies (ALA) in HIV patients' serum suggests that they may contribute to the inhibition of Env-mediated membrane fusion. Here, sera from 38 HIV-1 infected treatmentnaïve men and 30 healthy donors were analyzed for the presence of IgG and IgM able to bind to CD4-negative Jurkat cells. The use of CD4-negative cells precluded the binding of virus-antibody immune complexes, and allowed detection of ALA different from anti-CD4 antibodies. IgG and IgM antibodies binding to Jurkat CD4negative cells was detected in 74% and 84% of HIV-positive sera, respectively. Then, the activity of sera on fusion of CD4 + with HIV Env + Jurkat cells was determined before and after their adsorption on CD4-negative Jurkat cells to remove ALA. Sera inhibited fusion at variable extents, and inhibitory activity decreased in 58% of serum samples after adsorption, indicating that ALA contributed to fusion inhibition in these sera (herein called fusion inhibitory ALA). The contribution of ALA to fusion inhibition in individual sera was highly variable, with an average of 33%. IgG purified from a pool of HIV + sera inhibited fusion of primary CD4 T lymphocytes with Jurkat Env + , and adsorption of IgG on CD4-negative Jurkat cells diminished the fusion inhibitory activity. Thus, the inhibitory activity of sera was related to IgG ALA. Our observations suggest that fusion inhibitory ALA other than anti-CD4 antibodies may contribute significantly to the inhibition of Env-mediated cell-cell fusion. Fusion inhibitory ALA, but not total ALA levels, associated with low plasma viral loads, suggesting that specific ALA may participate in virus containment by inhibiting virus-cell fusion in a significant fraction of HIV-infected patients.
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1994
The presence of serum antibodies to Entamoeba histolytica was detected by indirect hemagglutinati... more The presence of serum antibodies to Entamoeba histolytica was detected by indirect hemagglutination in a representative sample of the 32 federal entities of the Mexican Republic. This study was designed to include biologic, geographic, social, economic, and educational variables. The total percentage of positive sera was 8.41%. Seroprevalence varied with geographic zones, with the South Central, South Pacific, and Yucatan Peninsula areas showing the highest values (>9%), and the North, Northeast, and Gulf of Mexico areas showing the lowes values (<8.0%). Seroprevalence of anti-E.histolytica antibodies seemed to increase from the northern regions to the southern areas of Mexico. These results indicated that amebiasis is endemic in the Mexican Republic, with areas of highseroprevalence not related to climatic conditions. Exposure to infectious contact with E. histolytica occurred at all ages, with a higher frequency at school age.
AIDS Research of Human Retroviruses, 2022
We present a cohort of individuals who reached CD4 + T cell counts of greater than 1,000 cells/mm... more We present a cohort of individuals who reached CD4 + T cell counts of greater than 1,000 cells/mm 3 (Hypers) after starting antiretroviral treatment (ART) and compared them with those who reached between 350 and 999 CD4 + T cells/mm 3 (Concordants). Demographic data, immune recovery kinetics, T CD4 + subset phenotypes, and integrated HIV DNA were analyzed. Data from individuals living with HIV on their first ART regimen and after 48 months of follow-up were obtained. Immune phenotype by Flow Cytometry analysis on whole blood was performed, cytokines were measured, and integrated HIV-1 DNA was measured by polymerase chain reaction. From a total of 424 individuals, 26 Hypers (6.1%), 314 Concordants (74.1%), and 84 (19.8%) discordants were identified. Hypers had a higher proportion of CD4 +-naive (Nv) T cells (37.6 vs. 24.8, p < .05), and a low proportion of CD4 + effector memory T cells (27.9 vs. 39.4, p < .05), with similar results found in CD8 + T cells. Hypers demonstrated a higher percentage of CD4 + CD45RA + CD31 neg cells with a lower response to interleukin-2 stimulation and a lower integrated HIV-1 DNA/CD4 ratio (1.2 vs. 2.89, p < .05). In Hypers, T cell recovery occurs very early after initiation of ART. Following this initial recovery state, their CD4 + T cell level homeostasis seems to be driven by nonthymic-central-Nv cells. This exceptional recovery is associated with a lower HIV reservoir, which may be related to an increase in noninfected CD4 + T cells. These patients could then be eligible candidates for cure trials.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Glycobiology, 2011
The foodborne pathogen, Campylobacter jejuni, is one of the leading causes of bacterial gastroent... more The foodborne pathogen, Campylobacter jejuni, is one of the leading causes of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide and frequently associated with the post-infectious neuropathy, Guillain-Barré syndrome. C. jejuni was the first bacterium demonstrated to possess a general N-linked protein glycosylation ( pgl) pathway that adds a conserved heptasaccharide (GalNAc-GalNAc-(Glc) GalNAc-GalNAc-GalNAc-diNAcBac) to the extended sequon D/ E-X-N-X-S/T of more than 60 proteins. We recently demonstrated that C. jejuni also produces large amounts of free oligosaccharides (fOS) derived from the N-glycan pathway. The fOS produced by C. jejuni are structurally identical to the N-linked glycan and are Self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) is maintained by leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)/STAT3 signaling. However, this signaling control does not function in mouse
Anti-HIV Effect In Vitro of Human Milk Glycoconjugates. Acosta-Blanco I1,Ortega-Francisco S1, Dio... more Anti-HIV Effect In Vitro of Human Milk Glycoconjugates. Acosta-Blanco I1,Ortega-Francisco S1, Dionisio-Vicuña M2, Méndez-Hernández EN3, Hernández-Flores M4, Fuentes-Romero L4,Newburg D5,Soto-Ramírez LE4,Ruiz-Palacios G4and Viveros-Rogel M4. 1Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Mexico City, Mexico. 2Universidad Autonoma de Puebla. Puebla, Mexico. 3Universidad Autonoma de Baja California. Baja California, Mexico. 4Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran. Mexico City, Mexico. 5Boston College.ChetnutHill,Massachusetts, USA. Sulfated glycolipids(SGs) and glycosaminoglycans(GAGs)present on the surface of colonic, vaginal epithelial and neuroglial cells bind to HIVgp120, suggesting that these glycoconjugates may have a role in HIV infection. OBJECTIVES To test the ability of the humanmilkglycoconjugates(GAGs,SGs and F3) to inhibit the infection of T-celllines and monocytes celllines by HIV-1 laboratoryisolatesin vitro. METHODS GAGs,SGs and F3 glycoconjugate...
PREVALENCE OF HIV-1 TRANSMITTED RESISTANCE IN A SURVEILLANCE STUDY IN CENTRAL MEXICO, ACCORDING T... more PREVALENCE OF HIV-1 TRANSMITTED RESISTANCE IN A SURVEILLANCE STUDY IN CENTRAL MEXICO, ACCORDING TO CALIBRATED POPULATION RESISTANCE Antivir Ther 2009; 14 Suppl 1:A173 (abstract no. 150) RA Rodriguez-Diaz, LL Fuentes-Romero, M Viveros-Rogel, M Hernandez-Flores and LE Soto-Ramirez Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion, Mexico City, Mexico BACKGROUND: The transmission of HIV drug resistant strains is an ongoing problem, especially in developed countries and not completely evaluated in developing countries. Although several surveillance resistance criteria have been developed in order to estimate the prevalence of transmitted resistance, many studies still use secondary resistance algorithms or list of mutations that do not provide comparable results. The main goal of our work was to determine the prevalence of transmitted resistance in patients with recent diagnosis in Mexico according to a calibrated Population resistance specially designed to evaluate resistance transmit...
The Innate Immune System in Health and Disease from the Lab Bench Work to its Clinical Implications., 2022
The innate immune system plays an essential role in controlling viral infections and represents t... more The innate immune system plays an essential role in controlling viral infections and represents the first line of defense against pathogens. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) still remains as a global disease burden. Despite an effective combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) to control viral replication and to maintain a chronic infection, it does not eradicate HIV. During HIV replication, RNA genome undergoes reverse transcription and integrates the resulting double-stranded HIV DNA into the cellular genome, constituting HIV proviral DNA, that persists indefinitely in a small reservoir of latently infected cells and cannot be detected by the immune system nor targeted by cART. In acute HIV infection, viral load rises exponentially and sentinel innate immune cells recognize a wide range of pathogen-associated molecular patterns through host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) as well as cytosolic sensors. The sensing of HIV occurs in CD4+ cells, including innate immune cells and CD4+ T cells, and activates intracellular signaling pathways to induce host antiviral response. This response includes transcription of type I interferons (IFNs) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that restrict virus infection, production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and increased levels of costimulatory molecules which initiate innate antiviral immunity to control virus spread. Proinflammatory molecules are critical for confining HIV replication by activating innate immune cells and recruiting to the site of entry and to local lymphatic tissue. In chronic phase of HIV infection, an exacerbated and sustained activation of the innate immune system, in particular the type I interferon (IFN-1) system, is detrimental to the host, since it may be involved in immunosuppression and progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
In this chapter we summarize recent findings regarding the main challenges for translational research on HIV chronic infection and innate immunity: the persistence of HIV reservoir and chronic inflammation. We highlight the role of HIV reservoir to maintain a chronic and latent infection and how a sustained immune activation promotes a robust inflammatory response that contributes to innate control of viral infection and simultaneously recruits HIV target cells and promotes disease progression. We discuss the molecular basis by which innate immunity is regulated in controlled HIV infection, and how systemic effects of PRRs, cytosolic receptors, intracellular signaling pathways, specific viral-restriction factors and innate immune cells define the antiviral immune response. The close relationship between HIV reservoir and the inflammatory response is reviewed. Recent strategies targeted to eradicate reservoir and anti-inflammatory interventions are described.