çetin özay - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by çetin özay
MP MATERIALPRUEFUNG - MP MATERIALS TESTING, Dec 20, 2019
Ramor 500 armor steel is classified as a high-strength ballistic protection steel with thicknesse... more Ramor 500 armor steel is classified as a high-strength ballistic protection steel with thicknesses of 505–590 HV with a thickness of 2–30 mm. ANSYS is a simulation software program used in engineering fields. This program is used after the modeling phase and allows testing in a virtual environment before the prototype is produced. In this study, 3 mm thick and 65 × 55 mm Ramor 500 steel which is used as armor steel and basic combat vehicle in the armed forces in the market has been selected. These pairs of steel groups were combined by submerged arc welding at 250 constant amps, 20, 25, 30 volt voltages and 20, 25, 30 cm × min welding feed rates. Radiographic examination tests, metallographic microstructure and microhardness investigations of the structures formed in the intersection after the joints were performed. ANSYS package software has analyzed the mechanical distortions that occur after the merge process. As a result of the analysis, it was examined that all weldings had full penetration in radiographic examination test. In the microstructure examination, a coarse-grained structure from the weld seam to the base material and a grain structure that changed from the smaller grained structure were observed. In the microhardness test and ANSYS software, it was observed that the hardness of the welded seams increased compared to the hardness of the base material, elastic tensions were very high during the welding process and it was replaced by permanent stresses.
Bitlis Eren üniversitesi fen bilimleri dergisi, Sep 30, 2019
Öz Ramor 500 zırh çeliği; 2-30 mm kalınlıklara sahip, 505-590 HV sertliklerde bulunan yüksek muka... more Öz Ramor 500 zırh çeliği; 2-30 mm kalınlıklara sahip, 505-590 HV sertliklerde bulunan yüksek mukavemetli bir balistik koruma çeliği olarak sınıflandırılır. Aşınma, kayma yüzeyleri arasındaki mekanik etkinin etkisiyle yüzeyler üzerinde malzemenin deformasyonuna ve kaybına neden olan bir etkileşim işlemidir. Bu çalışmada, konstrüksiyon imalat sanayisinde kullanılan Ramor 500 çeliğinin ısıl işlem sonrası mikroyapı, mikrosertlik ve abrasiv aşınma direncine etkisinin taguchi metoduyla değerlendirilmesi ve etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla Ramor 500 çeliği 900 o C sıcaklıkta tavlanmış ve 3 faklı ortamda soğutulmuştur. İnceleme sonucunda mikroyapı ve mikrosertlik incelenmiştir. Ayrıca ısıl işlemsiz numunelerle kıyaslamak maksadıyla abrasiv aşınma testine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler Taguchi metoduyla değerlendirilip Varyans analizleriyle seviye ve parametrelerin aşınmaya olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Yapılan ısıl işlemler sonrasında sertlik değerlerinde esas metalin altında kalınmıştır. Seçilen bütün parametrelerin aşınmaya etkisi olmuştur. Kütle kaybının kontrol faktörleri üzerindeki etkisi countour plot renk dağılımı metoduyla gözlemlenmiştir.
Surface Review and Letters, Sep 20, 2021
In this study, Hardox 400 steel used as substrate material was coated through solid media Thermor... more In this study, Hardox 400 steel used as substrate material was coated through solid media Thermoreactive Diffusion (TRD) method using Ferro Niobium and Ferro Boron powders from carbide forming element powders. Coating was carried out in three different temperatures ([Formula: see text]C, [Formula: see text]C and [Formula: see text]C) and three different time intervals (1, 2 and 3[Formula: see text]h). Microstructures of the coated specimens were examined by optical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD); and hardness values were measured. The effects of coating parameters on coating thickness and hardness were analyzed by ANOVA. In addition, specimens were subjected to wear tests to determine the effect of hardness and coating parameters on wear. In the wear tests, Taguchi test design setup was used. The obtained results were compared with the Hardox 400 steel used under current conditions. It was seen from optical microscope and SEM images that Hardox 400 steel surface could be coated with TRD method depending on coating parameters. The average thickness of NbC–B coating ranged from 1.797[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m to 5.596[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m under different process temperature and time. Rising the coating time and temperature increased the coating thickness by 311.40%. EDX analysis showed that the coating layer was composed of B, C, Fe and Nb elements, and XRD analysis also showed that the phase in the coating layer is NbC–B. The NbC–B phase was determined to be an important factor in increasing the hardness. The coating hardness is enhanced by 320.80% depending on the coating parameters. Optimum coating thickness, hardness and wear results were obtained from high coating temperature and time. Uncoated Hardox 400 steels were worn out more compared to the coated Hardox 400 steels. The contribution of coating temperature and time to wear resistance was 1.46% and 8.02%, respectively. It was observed that the important parameter for wear volume was the applied load.
Thermal science and engineering progress, Oct 1, 2019
ANSYS package software; it is a simulation simulation software which is preferred in engineering ... more ANSYS package software; it is a simulation simulation software which is preferred in engineering fields after the modeling stage and before the prototype is produced. Ramor 500 armor steel; it is classified as a high-strength ballistic protection steel with a hardness of 505-590 HV and a thickness of 2-30 mm. In this study, 3 mm thick and 65 × 55 mm Ramor 500 steel which is used as the main combat vehicle in armor steel and armed forces in the market, is used with submerged arc welding (SAW) method of 250 fixed amperes, 20, 25, 30 V voltages and 20, 25, 30 cm/min are combined at welding feed rates. The metallographic microstructure, radiographic examination test, SEM-EDS analysis and weld stitch geometry of the structures formed in the intersection after the joining were performed and the thermomechanical analyzes after the joining process were evaluated in the ANSYS package software. In the results of working; radiographic examination test showed that full penetration was achieved in all welded joints and therefore no macro and micro cracks were observed. In the microstructure analysis, a grain structure was observed. In the form of a homogeneous distribution from the weld stitch to the base material. SEM-EDS analysis showed that elemental phase structures were homogeneously distributed. As a result of the effect of welding stitch geometries on the current strength and velocity, welding width increased while welding width increased, while welding speed increased, width decreased. In the thermomechanical analysis results of ANSYS software, heat inputs in welding stresses increased and elastic and mechanical stresses were quite high and replaced by permanent stresses as a result of deformation.
Surface Review and Letters, 2021
In this study, Hardox 400 steel used as substrate material was coated through solid media Thermor... more In this study, Hardox 400 steel used as substrate material was coated through solid media Thermoreactive Diffusion (TRD) method using Ferro Niobium and Ferro Boron powders from carbide forming element powders. Coating was carried out in three different temperatures ([Formula: see text]C, [Formula: see text]C and [Formula: see text]C) and three different time intervals (1, 2 and 3[Formula: see text]h). Microstructures of the coated specimens were examined by optical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD); and hardness values were measured. The effects of coating parameters on coating thickness and hardness were analyzed by ANOVA. In addition, specimens were subjected to wear tests to determine the effect of hardness and coating parameters on wear. In the wear tests, Taguchi test design setup was used. The obtained results were compared with the Hardox 400 steel used under current conditions. It was seen f...
Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 2019
Ramor 500 zırh çeliği; 2-30 mm kalınlıklara sahip, 505-590 HV sertliklerde bulunan yüksek mukavem... more Ramor 500 zırh çeliği; 2-30 mm kalınlıklara sahip, 505-590 HV sertliklerde bulunan yüksek mukavemetli bir balistik koruma çeliği olarak sınıflandırılır. Aşınma, kayma yüzeyleri arasındaki mekanik etkinin etkisiyle yüzeyler üzerinde malzemenin deformasyonuna ve kaybına neden olan bir etkileşim işlemidir. Bu çalışmada, konstrüksiyon imalat sanayisinde kullanılan Ramor 500 çeliğinin ısıl işlem sonrası mikroyapı, mikrosertlik ve abrasiv aşınma direncine etkisinin taguchi metoduyla değerlendirilmesi ve etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla Ramor 500 çeliği 900oC sıcaklıkta tavlanmış ve 3 faklı ortamda soğutulmuştur. İnceleme sonucunda mikroyapı ve mikrosertlik incelenmiştir. Ayrıca ısıl işlemsiz numunelerle kıyaslamak maksadıyla abrasiv aşınma testine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler Taguchi metoduyla değerlendirilip Varyans analizleriyle seviye ve parametrelerin aşınmaya olan etkileri gözlemlenmiştir.
Materials Testing, 2014
In this study, the plasma arc welded cladding of FeCrC and B4C powder mixtures alloyed with 70 wt... more In this study, the plasma arc welded cladding of FeCrC and B4C powder mixtures alloyed with 70 wt.- % Cr on the surface of AISI 316 stainless steel was investigated. Application of the Taguchi method revealed respective effects on the abrasive wear resistance of the cladding layer on the stainless steel. The abrasive wear behaviour of the AISI 316 stainless steel surfaces coated with Fe-Cr-C and with 10 wt.-%, 15 wt.-%, 20 wt.-%, and 25 wt.-% B4C was investigated by using four loads and four distances for the 220 mesh SiC abrasive. Results were analyzed by variance analysis using ANOVA, and effects of parameters on the wear rate were determined as percentage rate. Furthermore, the error ratio was statistically evaluated. The experimental results were analyzed by the respective analysis of means and variance which is discussed in detail.
Bu calismada Taguchi deney tasarim metodu kullanilarak AISI1040 malzemesinin ortagonal ve tegetse... more Bu calismada Taguchi deney tasarim metodu kullanilarak AISI1040 malzemesinin ortagonal ve tegetsel tornalama-frezeleme yontemleri ile islenmesinde kesme parametrelerinin yuzey puruzlulugu uzerindeki etkileri incelenmistir. Deneysel calismalarda isleme parametreleri olarak; islem, kesici takim devri, is parcasi devri, talas derinligi ve eksenel ilerleme parametreleri secilmistir. Deneysel calisma sonuclari Minitab15 paket programi kullanilarak S/N oranlarina donusturulup optimum kesme parametreleri belirlenmistir. ANOVA varyans analizi ile de istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmistir. Yanit yuzey yontemi ile yuzey puruzlulugunun kesme parametrelerine bagli olarak matematiksel modeli olusturulmustur. Ayrica genetik algoritma yontemi kullanilarak minimum yuzey puruzlulugu icin en uygun kesme parametre degerleri belirlenmistir. Sonuc olarak, deneysel calismalar, istatistiksel analiz ve optimizasyon islemlerinde tegetsel tornalama-frezeleme isleminin yuzey puruzlulugunu azalttigi belirlenmi...
MP MATERIALPRUEFUNG - MP MATERIALS TESTING, Dec 20, 2019
Ramor 500 armor steel is classified as a high-strength ballistic protection steel with thicknesse... more Ramor 500 armor steel is classified as a high-strength ballistic protection steel with thicknesses of 505–590 HV with a thickness of 2–30 mm. ANSYS is a simulation software program used in engineering fields. This program is used after the modeling phase and allows testing in a virtual environment before the prototype is produced. In this study, 3 mm thick and 65 × 55 mm Ramor 500 steel which is used as armor steel and basic combat vehicle in the armed forces in the market has been selected. These pairs of steel groups were combined by submerged arc welding at 250 constant amps, 20, 25, 30 volt voltages and 20, 25, 30 cm × min welding feed rates. Radiographic examination tests, metallographic microstructure and microhardness investigations of the structures formed in the intersection after the joints were performed. ANSYS package software has analyzed the mechanical distortions that occur after the merge process. As a result of the analysis, it was examined that all weldings had full penetration in radiographic examination test. In the microstructure examination, a coarse-grained structure from the weld seam to the base material and a grain structure that changed from the smaller grained structure were observed. In the microhardness test and ANSYS software, it was observed that the hardness of the welded seams increased compared to the hardness of the base material, elastic tensions were very high during the welding process and it was replaced by permanent stresses.
Bitlis Eren üniversitesi fen bilimleri dergisi, Sep 30, 2019
Öz Ramor 500 zırh çeliği; 2-30 mm kalınlıklara sahip, 505-590 HV sertliklerde bulunan yüksek muka... more Öz Ramor 500 zırh çeliği; 2-30 mm kalınlıklara sahip, 505-590 HV sertliklerde bulunan yüksek mukavemetli bir balistik koruma çeliği olarak sınıflandırılır. Aşınma, kayma yüzeyleri arasındaki mekanik etkinin etkisiyle yüzeyler üzerinde malzemenin deformasyonuna ve kaybına neden olan bir etkileşim işlemidir. Bu çalışmada, konstrüksiyon imalat sanayisinde kullanılan Ramor 500 çeliğinin ısıl işlem sonrası mikroyapı, mikrosertlik ve abrasiv aşınma direncine etkisinin taguchi metoduyla değerlendirilmesi ve etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla Ramor 500 çeliği 900 o C sıcaklıkta tavlanmış ve 3 faklı ortamda soğutulmuştur. İnceleme sonucunda mikroyapı ve mikrosertlik incelenmiştir. Ayrıca ısıl işlemsiz numunelerle kıyaslamak maksadıyla abrasiv aşınma testine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler Taguchi metoduyla değerlendirilip Varyans analizleriyle seviye ve parametrelerin aşınmaya olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Yapılan ısıl işlemler sonrasında sertlik değerlerinde esas metalin altında kalınmıştır. Seçilen bütün parametrelerin aşınmaya etkisi olmuştur. Kütle kaybının kontrol faktörleri üzerindeki etkisi countour plot renk dağılımı metoduyla gözlemlenmiştir.
Surface Review and Letters, Sep 20, 2021
In this study, Hardox 400 steel used as substrate material was coated through solid media Thermor... more In this study, Hardox 400 steel used as substrate material was coated through solid media Thermoreactive Diffusion (TRD) method using Ferro Niobium and Ferro Boron powders from carbide forming element powders. Coating was carried out in three different temperatures ([Formula: see text]C, [Formula: see text]C and [Formula: see text]C) and three different time intervals (1, 2 and 3[Formula: see text]h). Microstructures of the coated specimens were examined by optical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD); and hardness values were measured. The effects of coating parameters on coating thickness and hardness were analyzed by ANOVA. In addition, specimens were subjected to wear tests to determine the effect of hardness and coating parameters on wear. In the wear tests, Taguchi test design setup was used. The obtained results were compared with the Hardox 400 steel used under current conditions. It was seen from optical microscope and SEM images that Hardox 400 steel surface could be coated with TRD method depending on coating parameters. The average thickness of NbC–B coating ranged from 1.797[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m to 5.596[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m under different process temperature and time. Rising the coating time and temperature increased the coating thickness by 311.40%. EDX analysis showed that the coating layer was composed of B, C, Fe and Nb elements, and XRD analysis also showed that the phase in the coating layer is NbC–B. The NbC–B phase was determined to be an important factor in increasing the hardness. The coating hardness is enhanced by 320.80% depending on the coating parameters. Optimum coating thickness, hardness and wear results were obtained from high coating temperature and time. Uncoated Hardox 400 steels were worn out more compared to the coated Hardox 400 steels. The contribution of coating temperature and time to wear resistance was 1.46% and 8.02%, respectively. It was observed that the important parameter for wear volume was the applied load.
Thermal science and engineering progress, Oct 1, 2019
ANSYS package software; it is a simulation simulation software which is preferred in engineering ... more ANSYS package software; it is a simulation simulation software which is preferred in engineering fields after the modeling stage and before the prototype is produced. Ramor 500 armor steel; it is classified as a high-strength ballistic protection steel with a hardness of 505-590 HV and a thickness of 2-30 mm. In this study, 3 mm thick and 65 × 55 mm Ramor 500 steel which is used as the main combat vehicle in armor steel and armed forces in the market, is used with submerged arc welding (SAW) method of 250 fixed amperes, 20, 25, 30 V voltages and 20, 25, 30 cm/min are combined at welding feed rates. The metallographic microstructure, radiographic examination test, SEM-EDS analysis and weld stitch geometry of the structures formed in the intersection after the joining were performed and the thermomechanical analyzes after the joining process were evaluated in the ANSYS package software. In the results of working; radiographic examination test showed that full penetration was achieved in all welded joints and therefore no macro and micro cracks were observed. In the microstructure analysis, a grain structure was observed. In the form of a homogeneous distribution from the weld stitch to the base material. SEM-EDS analysis showed that elemental phase structures were homogeneously distributed. As a result of the effect of welding stitch geometries on the current strength and velocity, welding width increased while welding width increased, while welding speed increased, width decreased. In the thermomechanical analysis results of ANSYS software, heat inputs in welding stresses increased and elastic and mechanical stresses were quite high and replaced by permanent stresses as a result of deformation.
Surface Review and Letters, 2021
In this study, Hardox 400 steel used as substrate material was coated through solid media Thermor... more In this study, Hardox 400 steel used as substrate material was coated through solid media Thermoreactive Diffusion (TRD) method using Ferro Niobium and Ferro Boron powders from carbide forming element powders. Coating was carried out in three different temperatures ([Formula: see text]C, [Formula: see text]C and [Formula: see text]C) and three different time intervals (1, 2 and 3[Formula: see text]h). Microstructures of the coated specimens were examined by optical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD); and hardness values were measured. The effects of coating parameters on coating thickness and hardness were analyzed by ANOVA. In addition, specimens were subjected to wear tests to determine the effect of hardness and coating parameters on wear. In the wear tests, Taguchi test design setup was used. The obtained results were compared with the Hardox 400 steel used under current conditions. It was seen f...
Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 2019
Ramor 500 zırh çeliği; 2-30 mm kalınlıklara sahip, 505-590 HV sertliklerde bulunan yüksek mukavem... more Ramor 500 zırh çeliği; 2-30 mm kalınlıklara sahip, 505-590 HV sertliklerde bulunan yüksek mukavemetli bir balistik koruma çeliği olarak sınıflandırılır. Aşınma, kayma yüzeyleri arasındaki mekanik etkinin etkisiyle yüzeyler üzerinde malzemenin deformasyonuna ve kaybına neden olan bir etkileşim işlemidir. Bu çalışmada, konstrüksiyon imalat sanayisinde kullanılan Ramor 500 çeliğinin ısıl işlem sonrası mikroyapı, mikrosertlik ve abrasiv aşınma direncine etkisinin taguchi metoduyla değerlendirilmesi ve etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla Ramor 500 çeliği 900oC sıcaklıkta tavlanmış ve 3 faklı ortamda soğutulmuştur. İnceleme sonucunda mikroyapı ve mikrosertlik incelenmiştir. Ayrıca ısıl işlemsiz numunelerle kıyaslamak maksadıyla abrasiv aşınma testine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler Taguchi metoduyla değerlendirilip Varyans analizleriyle seviye ve parametrelerin aşınmaya olan etkileri gözlemlenmiştir.
Materials Testing, 2014
In this study, the plasma arc welded cladding of FeCrC and B4C powder mixtures alloyed with 70 wt... more In this study, the plasma arc welded cladding of FeCrC and B4C powder mixtures alloyed with 70 wt.- % Cr on the surface of AISI 316 stainless steel was investigated. Application of the Taguchi method revealed respective effects on the abrasive wear resistance of the cladding layer on the stainless steel. The abrasive wear behaviour of the AISI 316 stainless steel surfaces coated with Fe-Cr-C and with 10 wt.-%, 15 wt.-%, 20 wt.-%, and 25 wt.-% B4C was investigated by using four loads and four distances for the 220 mesh SiC abrasive. Results were analyzed by variance analysis using ANOVA, and effects of parameters on the wear rate were determined as percentage rate. Furthermore, the error ratio was statistically evaluated. The experimental results were analyzed by the respective analysis of means and variance which is discussed in detail.
Bu calismada Taguchi deney tasarim metodu kullanilarak AISI1040 malzemesinin ortagonal ve tegetse... more Bu calismada Taguchi deney tasarim metodu kullanilarak AISI1040 malzemesinin ortagonal ve tegetsel tornalama-frezeleme yontemleri ile islenmesinde kesme parametrelerinin yuzey puruzlulugu uzerindeki etkileri incelenmistir. Deneysel calismalarda isleme parametreleri olarak; islem, kesici takim devri, is parcasi devri, talas derinligi ve eksenel ilerleme parametreleri secilmistir. Deneysel calisma sonuclari Minitab15 paket programi kullanilarak S/N oranlarina donusturulup optimum kesme parametreleri belirlenmistir. ANOVA varyans analizi ile de istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmistir. Yanit yuzey yontemi ile yuzey puruzlulugunun kesme parametrelerine bagli olarak matematiksel modeli olusturulmustur. Ayrica genetik algoritma yontemi kullanilarak minimum yuzey puruzlulugu icin en uygun kesme parametre degerleri belirlenmistir. Sonuc olarak, deneysel calismalar, istatistiksel analiz ve optimizasyon islemlerinde tegetsel tornalama-frezeleme isleminin yuzey puruzlulugunu azalttigi belirlenmi...