Анатолий Хавкин - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Анатолий Хавкин

The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2022

Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 2019

Russia has one of the highest prevalences of paediatric chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC). Our ... more Russia has one of the highest prevalences of paediatric chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC). Our aim was to provide a detailed characterization of children and adolescents with CHC including treatment outcomes. Thus, an observational study of children with CHC aged <18 years was conducted in three hepatology centres from November 2014 to May 2017. Of 301 children (52% male), 196 (65%) acquired HCV vertically, 70 (23%) had a history of blood transfusion or invasive procedures, 1 injecting drug use and 34 (11%) had no known risk factors. Median age at HCV diagnosis was 3.1 [interquartile range, IQR 1.1, 8.2] and 10.8 [7.4, 14.7] at last follow-up. The most common genotype was 1b (51%), followed by 3 (37%). Over a quarter of patients (84, 28%) had raised liver transaminases. Of 92 with liver biopsy, 38 (41%) had bridging fibrosis (median age 10.4 [7.1, 14.1]). Of 223 evaluated by transient elastography, 67 (30%) had liver stiffness ≥5.0 kPa. For each year, increase in age mean stiffness increased by 0.09 kPa (95% CI 0.05, 0.13, P < 0.001). There was significant correlation between liver stiffness and biopsy results (Tau-b = 0.29, P = 0.042). Of This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology

The incidence of gallstone disease (GSD) and metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing every year. Th... more The incidence of gallstone disease (GSD) and metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing every year. The ICD-10 does not have the diagnosis of “metabolic syndrome” and it has been coded on the basis of the diseases despite its wide prevalence now. These are multifactorial diseases, the pathogenesis of which is intertwined and mutually aggravate their courses. There are both external and internal reasons of forming the stones in the biliary tract. Genetic factors play a significant role in the internal causes of cholelithiasis. The genetic characteristics of the patient allow to work out a personalized approach. It increases the success of drug therapy. MS is one of the main predisposing factors for the development of cholelithiasis. It also leads to more severe course of the latter. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the patologies developments are considered in the article presented with the special attention paid to the genetic component of cholelithiasis.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 2004

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Mar 1, 2016

Eating disorder is observed in infants at different developmental stages. This condition may be c... more Eating disorder is observed in infants at different developmental stages. This condition may be caused by comorbidities, organic diseases, or psychogenic causes. After birth, a child's eating behavior evolves, which largely depends on the relations arising between him, his mother, and other family members. Eating disorders may be caused by an impaired child-mother relationship: inadequate maternal behavior, excessive or poor parenteral attention. The treatment of eating disorders involves a comprehensive approach, including behavioral and dietary correction that is considered in this paper.

Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология, Jul 20, 2018

Voprosy Sovremennoj Pediatrii, 2008

The article focuses on the modern conception of etiology, pathogenesis and diagnostics ... more The article focuses on the modern conception of etiology, pathogenesis and diagnostics of chronic constipation in children. a classification of laxative medications was posed and the place of these drugs in management of constipation was shown in this work. An activity of macrogol in management of children with chronic constipation was evaluated. It was shown that macrogol 4000 is effective in treatment of constipation in children. Key words: children, chronic constipation, macrogol 4000.

Medical Council, 2017

Грудное молоко является оптимальным питанием для ребенка первого года жизни. Состав и значение от... more Грудное молоко является оптимальным питанием для ребенка первого года жизни. Состав и значение отдельных компонентов грудного молока раскрывается и изучается. Это позволяет совершенствовать современные детские молочные смеси для младенцев, которые по разным причинам не могут получать грудное вскармливание. Поскольку энергетические потребности ребенка на первом году жизни высоки и именно с жировой составляющей рациона он получает до 50% энергии, важна адаптация жирового компонента смеси, в частности, дополнение бета-пальмитиновой кислотой. Потребление младенцами смеси с бета-пальмитиновой кислотой способствует улучшению усвоения жира и кальция; повышению концентрации бифидо-и лактобактерий, формированию мягкого стула. Данные эффекты облегчают пищеварение, способствуют минерализации костной ткани, а также уменьшают продолжительность плача.

Functional digestive disorders in infants comprise a group of disorders characterized by several ... more Functional digestive disorders in infants comprise a group of disorders characterized by several specific features. They are related to structural and physiological peculiarities of the gastrointestinal tract in children during lactotrophic period of nutrition, limited pharmacotherapeutic options and supremacy of dietary correction in this age group, and psychological discomfort that has a negative impact on the quality of life of the whole family. The working protocol «Functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants’ was prepared by the Russian Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (RusPGHAN) based on the previously proposed European (ESPGHAN) and American (NASPGHAN) guidelines. The protocol includes detailed description of the current approaches to diagnosis and management of the functional digestive disorders in young children, as well as algorithm tables that can be used by pediatricians and familial physicians in routine clinical practice

The article deals with the outcomes of correction of the irritable colon syndrome in twenty 7-to-... more The article deals with the outcomes of correction of the irritable colon syndrome in twenty 7-to-12-year-old children. The correction was carried out by means of yoghurt «Aktivia» containing the strains of bacteria possessing prebiotic properties. Based on the carried out observations, the children showed disappearance of meteorism, abdominal pain and constipation, or these symptoms were less pronounced.

Journal of Hepatology, 2018

The article discusses the problem of treatment of acid-based disorders of the upper portion of th... more The article discusses the problem of treatment of acid-based disorders of the upper portion of the digestive tract in children. Mechanisms of action of various acid-inhibiting drugs, in particular, of proton pump inhibitors are analyzed. The results of original studies are analyzed referring to the use of one of the proton pump inhibitors esomeprazol in children, suffering from reflux-esophagitis.

The aim of this study was to observe the role of the genotype DQ 2.2 in patients with celiac dise... more The aim of this study was to observe the role of the genotype DQ 2.2 in patients with celiac disease (CD): serological and morphological features of celiac disease in patients with the DQ2.2 genotype Materials and methods: We examined 47 patients with СD, diagnosed according to ESPHGAN criteria. All participants were tested for antibodies to tissue transglutaminase-2 (TTG) and deamidated gliadin peptides, morphometric examination of biopsy specimens of duodenal mucosa and genotyping were carried out. Based on the results of genotyping, patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 comprised 18 patients with the genotype DQ2.2; group of 2-29 patients with other genotypes of CD. Results: an increase of anti-TTG antibodies was observed in all patients in group 1. Moreover, a moderate increase in group 1 was 55.6%, and in the 2nd group, 27.6% (p = 0.07). A significant increase of anti-TTG in group 1-44.4%, in the 2 group - 3.4% (p = 0.001). In addition, the morphological changes of the d...

In the article is represented the observation of the case of the aberrant pancreas in the 5 year ... more In the article is represented the observation of the case of the aberrant pancreas in the 5 year old child with the complaints of the paroxysmal abdominal pains and the dyspeptic manifestations in the form of liquid chair, vomitings with the use of separate products. It’s represented detailed clinical laboratory, instrument and the morphological dynamics of the clinical picture of disease, the stages of diagnostic search.

Objective. To establish the diagnostic value of the determination of leukocyte composition of inf... more Objective. To establish the diagnostic value of the determination of leukocyte composition of inflammatory infiltrate in chronic gastroduodenite in childhood. Patients and methods. We examined 103 patients aged 8-17 with chronic gastroduodenitis associated with Helicobacter pylori. To detect Hp and Epstein Barr viral infections we used esophagogastroduodenoscopy, quick urease test, bacterioscopy of gastrobiopsies. We performed the analysis of the cellular composition of the inflammatory infiltrate. Results. It was found that the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils located in the lamina and intraepithelial increases, which is associated with the degree of inflammation. Increased to the maximum was the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes, both in the body, and in the antrum. Intensity of leukocyte infiltration is directly correlated with the increased prevalence of inflammation. Persistence of Epstein Barr virus (35.9 % of patients) is followed by more severe intraepithelial lymph...

AN OPEN COMPARATIVE RANDOMIZED STUDY EVALUATES THE PROBIOTIC THERAPY EFFICACY IN 59 CHILDREN AGED... more AN OPEN COMPARATIVE RANDOMIZED STUDY EVALUATES THE PROBIOTIC THERAPY EFFICACY IN 59 CHILDREN AGED 6-17 WITH A MEDICATION CONTAINING FREEZE-DRIED STRAINS OF BIFIDOBACTERIUM INFANTIS V. LIBERORUM, LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS FAECIUM (LINEX, LEK, SLOVENIA). THE TREATED DISEASE WAS ANTIBIOTIC-ASSOCIATED INTESTINAL DYSBACTERIOSIS DEVELOPED ON THE BACKGROUND OF ANTICHELICOBACTERIAL THERAPY. THE MAJOR GROUP COMPRISED 38 PATIENTS, AND THE COMPARISON GROUP COMPRISED 21 CHILDREN. PATIENTS FROM BOTH GROUPS WERE COMPARABLE IN TERMS OF DEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS. THE STUDY FOCUSED ON THE CLINICAL DATA AND THE RESULTS OF THE INTESTINAL FLORA AND VOLATILE FATTY ACID SURVEY. THE STUDY SHOWED THAT IN THE MAJORITY OF PATIENTS ANTICHELICOBACTERIAL THERAPY CONCURS WITH ANTIBIOTIC-ASSOCIATED INTESTINAL DYSBACTERIOSIS. YET, THE MEDICATION CONTAINING FREEZE-DRIED STRAINS OF BIFIDOBACTERIUM INFANTIS V. LIBERORUM, LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS FAECIUM REDUCES THE ...