Владимир Ольшанский - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Владимир Ольшанский

Behavior Research Methods

Izvestiya VUZ. Applied Nonlinear Dynamics

Purpose of this study introduces a multielectrode array (MEA) registration system in order to gen... more Purpose of this study introduces a multielectrode array (MEA) registration system in order to generate electric field images of the episodic discharges generated by weakly electric fish. A multielectrode registration system has several important features: the design of the multielectrode lattice, the amplifier circuit, the choice of reference points for differential measurements, the recovery of the absolute values of the electric field potentials, and the application of principal components analysis. Methods. There are several advantages of our MEA registration as compared with the traditional twoelectrode registration: (a) the signal-to-noise ratio is significantly increased, (b) it is possible to construct the spatial distribution of the electric field for a single electric discharge, (c) the signals’ sources can be easily separated and identified, and (d) quantitative data on the electrical potential distribution can be obtained throughout the entire experimental tank. Results. ...

Oceanology, 2020

The article is devoted to the development of an autonomous profiling system for measuring the aqu... more The article is devoted to the development of an autonomous profiling system for measuring the aquatic environment under ice. The system moves up and down in the water column along a cable with a load at the lower end, which is lowered into a lane in the ice. The system carrier is designed for transporting an acoustic Doppler current profiler and a salinity, temperature, and pressure probe. The system will be useful for long-term measurements of vertical profiles of the current speed and marine environment parameters, as well as ice draft. The article describes in detail the structure and operation of the system. The hydraulic scheme of the carrier buoyancy system is presented.

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2022

Biogeochemical cycles of carbon transformation throughout the euphotic zone of the sea are contro... more Biogeochemical cycles of carbon transformation throughout the euphotic zone of the sea are controlled by physical processes, e.g., daily thermocline, variation in solar irradiance, thermohaline convection, and intermittent mixing. These processes should be regularly observed with sufficient time resolution at fixed geographical locations. This study provides a brief overview of the carbon observational site in the Northeastern Black Sea. The focus is on the design of a new tethered profiler Winchi for the inner continental shelf part of the site. The profiler hull and two outriggers comprise an open trimaran platform that is positively buoyant and tends to maintain a horizontal position in the water. The lower end of the winch wire is secured to the bottom anchor. By unwinding/winding the wire, the profiler ascends/descends while measuring the depth profiles of marine environment parameters ranging from the seafloor to air–sea interface. After surfacing, the profiler determines its ...

Углеродные шнуры и ленты обладают рядом важных преимуществ, таких как прочность, малый удельный в... more Углеродные шнуры и ленты обладают рядом важных преимуществ, таких как прочность, малый удельный вес, коррозионная стойкость, в том числе к бактериям и грибам, экологичность и гибкость. Исследована возможность их применения в качестве электродов-заземлителей для подземного электротехнического и радиотехнического применения. Величина и частотная зависимость импеданса предлагаемых электродов в диапазоне 10 Гц ÷ 10 кГц сопоставлены с таковыми для труб из нержавеющей стали, традиционно используемых для заземления и создания антенн.

Nanomaterials, 2021

The use of different nanoparticles (NPs) is growing every year since discoveries of their unique ... more The use of different nanoparticles (NPs) is growing every year since discoveries of their unique properties. The wide use of nanomaterials has raised concerns about their safety and possible accumulation in the aquatic environment. Mussels are being considered as one of the most suitable organisms for bioaccumulation monitoring. Within our study, we focused on developing the method that can be applied in field studies of ecotoxicity and can be nondestructive and informative at early times of exposure, while at the same time being based on changes of physiological parameters of fresh water mussels. The changes in the cardiovascular and neural systems of mollusks (Anodonta anatina and Unio tumidus) were measured as biomarkers of toxic effects. Different monometallic and bimetallic NPs, silicon NPs with various ligands were applied as test substances. Changes in cardiovascular and neural functions were in good correlation with accumulation tests for all tested NPs.

Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2009

Эксперименты последних лет позволили существенно расширить список слабоэлектрических рыб с эпизод... more Эксперименты последних лет позволили существенно расширить список слабоэлектрических рыб с эпизодическими разрядами и спектр поведенческих ситуаций, в которых эти разряды наблюдаются. Так, азиатские клариевые сомы генерируют эпизодические разряды при агрессивных взаимоотношениях и нересте. Генерация особой пачки электрических разрядов самкой азиатского C. macrocephalus является частью ритуала спаривания. Эта пачка не может служить приглашением к нересту или совместному выбросу половых продуктов, поскольку генерируется уже после выброса спермы. Если самке для выброса икры необходима помощь самца, то можно предположить, что разряды нужны для координации их совместных усилий. Поскольку напряженность поля вблизи рыб во время генерации превышает пороги неспециализированного электровосприятия водных организмов, то возможны и не коммуникационные гипотезы. Одним из необходимых направлений будущих исследований представляется разработка новых аппаратных и программных средств исследований, поз...

История создания Вольтова столба, спор Вольты и Гальвани и электрические рыбы

Henry Cavendish's early studies of conducting currents executed on electric rays Torpedo esse... more Henry Cavendish's early studies of conducting currents executed on electric rays Torpedo essentially changed ideas of physicists of specifics of the electric phenomena in conducting media. In his publication in 1775 “An account of some attempts to imitate the effects of the Torpedo by electricity” he was first who described the laws of decreasing electric field in the water, proposed the idea of currents lines. He was also first who described the relationship between capacity, voltage and charge. He suggested capacity measurement methodology and procedure for and the comparison of resistance of conductors. Before Cavendish's publication among professional physicists there was a popular belief that the electric phenomena in conducting media aren't possible. The results of some Cavendish’ experiments we could explain today otherwise. This applies primarily to comparing of two variants electric ray models – wooden and leather requiring accounting effects arising at the boun...

Книга содержит аналитический обзор по электрорецепции и электрогенерации слабоэлектрических рыб, ... more Книга содержит аналитический обзор по электрорецепции и электрогенерации слабоэлектрических рыб, подробно рассмотрена физическая специфика электролокации и электрокоммуникации, предложена методика энергетического расчета устройств подводной связи и контроля, использующих токи проводимости в качестве физического носителя сигнала. На основании представлений о физиологии электросистем рыб и об особенностях распространения электромагнитного поля в проводящих средах разработаны, изготовлены и испытаны технические устройства для применения в народном хозяйстве. Для биологов, физиков, инженеров. Табл. 18. Ил. 48. Библиогр. 14 с.

The Li-Ion batteries can be made safe enough for the most critical AUV missions by using modern e... more The Li-Ion batteries can be made safe enough for the most critical AUV missions by using modern electronic components. A new modular BMS built upon Impedance Track Fuel Gauge bq34z100 and Cell Precision Protector bq77910, both by Texas Instruments Inc., is designed to monitor and protect the secondary battery of 8m×n Li-Ion high power battery cells Panasonic NCR18650PF assembled as follows (8m)PnS, where m≤6, n =1,2,…. The BMS offers dynamic commutation of the parallel packs of the sequential cells providing the AUV with a reliable and efficient battery.

Monopolar electric discharges were recorded in Ompok bimaculatus (Siluriidae). It is the first ca... more Monopolar electric discharges were recorded in Ompok bimaculatus (Siluriidae). It is the first case of electric discharges recording in Asian fish and in Siluridae fish.

Biology Bulletin Reviews, 2011

The function of weak electric discharges is conclusively proved only for two fish orders: Mormyri... more The function of weak electric discharges is conclusively proved only for two fish orders: Mormyri formes and Gymnotiformes. Every specimen of the two groups emits electric discharges continuously or quite regularly for location, orientation, and communication. The function of weak episodic electric discharges in other groups of weakly electric fish-Rajiformes, Uranoscopidae, and Siluriformes-has remained a puzzle since Darwin. Recent experiments made it possible to expand the list of weakly electric fish with episodic dis charges. The range of behavioral situations accompanied by electric emission has been expanded, as well. For instance, Asian catfish Clarias macrocephalus emit episodic discharges during aggressive and spawning behav ior. Asian catfish females emit a special burst of electrical discharges as a part of the mating ritual. This burst cannot serve as an invitation to spawning or synchronization of the release of reproductive products, because females emit it after the sperm ejection. If females need males' help for egg release, it could be suggested that discharges assist in their mutual efforts. Since the electric field strength near the fish is higher than the fish's nonspecialized electrical sensitivity thresholds, other hypotheses are possible. For example, it could be sug gested that electric fields make sperm or eggs more active. To proceed in our conceptions about the function of episodic discharges, new hardware and software are needed.

Doklady Biological Sciences, 2009

Doklady Biological Sciences, 2011

Specialized electrogeneration is a characteristic biological feature of many Siluriformes, the la... more Specialized electrogeneration is a characteristic biological feature of many Siluriformes, the largest order of modern Teleostei fish. Generation of electric discharges in some of weakly electric fish of this order, in particular, in clariid catfish (Clariidae) is known to occur only in the cases ...

Вопросы ихтиологии, 2013

ABSTRACT Исследовали влияние освещённости и феромона тревоги на генерацию специализированных элек... more ABSTRACT Исследовали влияние освещённости и феромона тревоги на генерацию специализированных элек� трических разрядов клариевым сомом Clarias macrocephalus (Clariidae, Siluriformes) во время агрес� сивно�оборонительных взаимодействий. Разряды регистрировали с помощью специальной аппара� туры у находящихся в аквариуме двух близких по размеру половозрелых рыб в течение 24 ч при че� редовании 30�минутных световых (700 лк) и темновых периодов. Выяснено, что электрическая активность клариевых сомов в темноте выше, чем на свету; к концу опыта частота генерации элек� трических разрядов постепенно снижается. Суммарное число разрядов, регистрируемых у разных пар рыб, многократно отличается, что указывает на наличие у клариевых сомов индивидуальной ва� риабельности в проявлении электрической активности. Изменение светового режима во многих случаях вызывает усиление генерации электрических разрядов, что может быть проявлением стресс�реакции. Однако стимуляция рыб раствором феромона тревоги (экстракт кожи, 0.5 г/л) не приводит к заметным сдвигам электрической активности. Предполагается, что агрессивная моти� вация, вызванная у клариевых сомов присутствием особи своего вида, преобладает над оборони� тельной, развивающейся под действием феромона тревоги, и доминирует в формировании электри� ческого ответа

Journal of Ichthyology, 2010

... 1. In an aquarium, four vertical carbon electrodes were placed connected via RC fil ters with... more ... 1. In an aquarium, four vertical carbon electrodes were placed connected via RC fil ters with inputs of instrumental amplifiers (1) whose coefficient of amplification is prescribed by resistors (Rg). ... Dazzle 150 CC CC CC CC R R RG RG R R ++ ++ + Microcontroller ADC ADC ...

Journal of Ichthyology, 2013

We studied the effects of illumination and alarm pheromone on emition of specialized electric dis... more We studied the effects of illumination and alarm pheromone on emition of specialized electric dis charges in the broadhead catfish Clarias macrocephalus (Clariidae, Siluriformes) during aggressive-defensive interactions. The discharges were recorded with a special hardware in two adult fish of a similar size placed into an aquarium, during a period of 24 h, under alternating 30 min long light (700 lx) and dark periods. The electrical activity of the broadhead catfish was found to be higher in the dark than under the light; by the end of the trial, the frequency of electrical discharges gradually decreased. The overall number of discharges recorded in different pairs of the fish was significantly different, which is evidence of individual variability in the electrical activity. Changes in the illumination regime in many cases increased the emition of electrical discharges, which could be a result of a stress response. However, the stimulation of the fish by alarm phero mone (extract of the skin, 0.5 g/l) caused no pronounced changes in the electrical activity. It is supposed that aggressive motivation caused in the broadhead catfish by the presence of another individual of the same spe cies dominated over the defensive response initiated by the alarm pheromone and, thus, dominated in the development of the electrical response.