Fuminori Nakatsubo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Fuminori Nakatsubo

THE ANNALS OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH, Mar 31, 2010

Early Childhood Education Journal, Apr 12, 2021

The Japanese Journal of Educational Research, 2014

Research on Early Childhood Care and Education in Japan, 2012

Computers & Education

This study clarifies the reasons Japanese parents experience difficulties in using the temporary ... more This study clarifies the reasons Japanese parents experience difficulties in using the temporary childcare system for parental relief. Three factors were identified following a literature review of previous research related to temporary childcare systems and information from the official websites of each municipality. First, it was difficult to identify the little information provided about institutional procedures. When parents attempt to use the temporary childcare system for parental relief, they need to collect information and procedures from over one month prior and it is necessary to organize with the childcare provider in advance. Local governments may not provide enough information and may not maintain or manage temporary childcare systems. Second, temporary childcare was difficult to use for parental relief because of unconscious bias. For example, the unconscious bias, i.e., “childcare is the mother’s responsibility,” means that principals may not respond positively to the...

The purpose of this study was to explore the possibilities of ECERS (Early Childhood Environment ... more The purpose of this study was to explore the possibilities of ECERS (Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale) and SSTEW (Sustained Shared Thinking Emotional Well-being) between countries through defining the common characteristics of the Asia-Pacific region. Recently, discussions on the process quality in the quality of Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) have been increasing. At the same time, rating scales for process quality have been developed and become popularized. This study focused on ECERS-3 and SSTEW. In our previous study, we defined the common characteristics of the Asia-Pacific region through analyzing “Innovative Pedagogical Approaches in Early Childhood Care and Education” (UNESCO, 2015). That research led to considering the possibility of using ECERS-3 and SSTEW. There are two main findings. First, it has been used as evaluation tools prior to now, but this study identified the characteristics of ECEC across the Asia-Pacific region. Second, we suggested a new ...

This study clarifies how do US researchers recognize Japanese culture of early childhood educatio... more This study clarifies how do US researchers recognize Japanese culture of early childhood education and care and consider the significance of Japanese culture of early childhood education and care through reviewing 5 US studies that focused on socialization of children at Japanese nursery school. As a result, US researchers recognize Japanese culture of early childhood education and care as follows. First, White & LeVine (1986), Walsh (2004), and Tobin (1992) recognize values of socialization of children in Japan as not adapting children to group life but instilling them selfhood of “omote” and “ura”. Second, White & LeVine (1986) recognize Japanese childcare method encouraging the socialization of children is “Love-oriented techniques”. And they recognize this method influenced by Japanese implicit educational theory, such as “pamper”. Third, Tobin (1992) and Walsh (2004) recognize that the environments of space, time, and word in Japanese nursery school are influenced by Japanese i...

The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of how multi-vocal visual ethnography is appl... more The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of how multi-vocal visual ethnography is applied in the world and to examine its possibilities and problems as a research methodology. Twenty-three academic articles using multi-vocal visual ethnography were collected and analyzed. The analysis results revealed the following: (1) multi-vocal visual ethnography is used as a tool for understanding not only the “visible,” but also the “invisible.” (2) The technique is used not only in comparative cultural research, but also as a tool for capturing different perspectives within a single culture. (3) Photographs and websites are used as cues, in addition to videos. (4) Cues consist of a variety of content. Unlike conventional ethnography, multi-vocal visual ethnography is a research methodology that has the potential to promote dialogues between researchers and people in and outside the field

広島大学附属幼稚園では,『子どもの経験から振り返る保育プロセス』(秋田他,2010)を用いた保育カンファレンスを,外部に対して公開し,一緒にカンファレンスを行う試みを行った。本研究は,内部の保育... more 広島大学附属幼稚園では,『子どもの経験から振り返る保育プロセス』(秋田他,2010)を用いた保育カンファレンスを,外部に対して公開し,一緒にカンファレンスを行う試みを行った。本研究は,内部の保育者にとっての,公開カンファレンスのメリット・デメリットを明らかにするとともに,公開カンファレンスを実践しての気づきや示唆を得ることを目的として行われた。 内部の保育者からは,今までない新たな視点を与えられるというメリットが多く示された。保育者以外が事例を収集し,ファシリテーターが進行をし,自園が有する特有の文化や価値観に縛られていない外部参加者が発言するという,普段とは異なる要素の加わった公開カンファレンスが営まれることで,自園のカンファレンスにはない「新たな気づき」を得られる可能性が示され,特にベテランの保育者にとって有効である可能性が示唆された。同時に,特定の子どもに対する援助を探る際には園内のみで行う方が有効ではないかとの意見も示され,メリット,デメリット双方が浮かび上がった。また,公開カンファレンスを成立させる要因として,ビデオ映像や,「安心度」・「夢中度」という評価基準の存在の意義が示された

This study outlines the social background and difficulties faced by one Japanese woman, Hanako, w... more This study outlines the social background and difficulties faced by one Japanese woman, Hanako, who is responsible for paid work, childcare, and housework. Data were collected through interactive interviews and analyzed using Ueno’s qualitative analysis method. Specifically, data were collected using LINE, a smartphone app. The focus of the study is a woman who feels overwhelmed by her attempt to handle all aspects of her paid work, childcare, and housework. The study identified three factors that prevent Japanese women from playing a more active role in society. First, in Japan, the role of a married woman as a full-time homemaker is widely accepted. However, many women are now continuing to work after getting married and giving birth. If there had been no historical culture of a woman’s career as a full-time homemaker, there would be no expectation that women would be solely responsible for housework and childcare, and it would be seen as a matter of course that Hanako would conti...

Understanding children is one of early childhood teachers’ professionalism, and there are various... more Understanding children is one of early childhood teachers’ professionalism, and there are various viewpoints for teachers’ understanding of children. In recent years, the viewpoint ‘Ima-Koko (here and now)’ have been watched with interest in Early Childhood Education and Care. ‘Ima-Koko’ is a viewpoint for understanding children’s experience from children’s view (not teacher’s view). In this study, we describe what the viewpoint ‘Ima-Koko (here and now)’ means to early childhood teachers through focusing on discussion in Early Childhood Education and Care conference in a kindergarten. In the conference, participants discussed an episode of a 5-years-old girl playing with a guard at the kindergarten. We recorded the discussion and translated word for word. Next, we analyzed the data with reference to the Steps for Coding and Theorization (SCAT) method. The result of this study is summarized in the following two points:1) It is difficult for some teachers to understand children’s ‘Ima...

本研究の目的は,次の通りである。(1)広島大学附属幼稚園が実施するSICSの理念に基づく保育カンファレンスは,他の保育園の保育者に対して何をもたらすのかについて検討する。(2)広島大学附属幼稚園... more 本研究の目的は,次の通りである。(1)広島大学附属幼稚園が実施するSICSの理念に基づく保育カンファレンスは,他の保育園の保育者に対して何をもたらすのかについて検討する。(2)広島大学附属幼稚園と外部の保育者が共に学ぶためのネットワーク構築の在り方について検討する。 本研究では,調査協力者として,A保育園における4名の保育者を対象に,グループ・インタビューを実施した。研究方法として,大谷(2011)による質的データ分析法を用いた。 研究の結果,次の点が見出された。(1)他の保育園の保育者は日頃,子どもの気持ちを理解することに困難を感じていた。(2)そうした保育者にとって,保育カンファレンスは,子どもの気持ちを理解する方法論を提示するとともに,保育観の再発見をもたらした。(3)保育カンファレンスは,外部の保育者と広島大学附属幼稚園の保育者が共に学び合うためのネットワーク構築に寄与していた。The purposes of this study are as follows: (1) to examine what early childhood education and care conferences based on the idea of SICS by the Hiroshima University Attached Kindergarten bring to the teachers of other daycare centers, and (2) to examine network construction between two groups of childcare professionals to learn together. The participants in this study are four teachers from a day care center; we conducted a group interview and performed qualitative data analysis (Otani 2011) on the participants' narratives. The results of this study are as follows: (1) the teachers regula...

The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of trends in the field of early childhood edu... more The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of trends in the field of early childhood education and care and examine the kind of research done outside of Japan on the concept of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK), an idea proposed by Lee S. Shulman. The study examines the applicability of PCK to the study of early childhood teachers based on a search of the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) database. The keywords “early childhood education and care,” “PCK,” and “Shulman” were used in the database search, and ten articles that were returned were reviewed carefully. We determined that most of the studies were centered on content knowledge about mathematics, science, and technology, while only few studies focused on children’s knowledge regarding development of social skills. Some studies also focused on implicit knowledge based on Polanyi’s theory. This suggests that the PCK concept can be applied to the study of early childhood teachers in Japan as well

The purpose of this study is to decipher the characteristics of Japanese Early Childhood Educatio... more The purpose of this study is to decipher the characteristics of Japanese Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) from the viewpoint of Reggio Emilia in terms of young children’s subjectivity and teachers’ involvement. Specifically, I will discuss the characteristics of Japanese ECEC and the Reggio Emilia Approach relative to the children’s subjectivity and teachers’ involvement and examine their similarities. In doing this, I aim to decipher the characteristics of Japanese ECEC from the viewpoint of the Reggio Emilia Approach. As the results of this study made clear, the Reggio Emilia Approach and Japanese ECEC have similarities, in terms of how the curricula support children’s subjectivity and the suppression of teachers’ interventions. In addition, it was clear that Japanese ECEC emphasizes not only positive emotional experiences but also the negative emotional experiences of children

THE ANNALS OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH, Mar 31, 2010

Early Childhood Education Journal, Apr 12, 2021

The Japanese Journal of Educational Research, 2014

Research on Early Childhood Care and Education in Japan, 2012

Computers & Education

This study clarifies the reasons Japanese parents experience difficulties in using the temporary ... more This study clarifies the reasons Japanese parents experience difficulties in using the temporary childcare system for parental relief. Three factors were identified following a literature review of previous research related to temporary childcare systems and information from the official websites of each municipality. First, it was difficult to identify the little information provided about institutional procedures. When parents attempt to use the temporary childcare system for parental relief, they need to collect information and procedures from over one month prior and it is necessary to organize with the childcare provider in advance. Local governments may not provide enough information and may not maintain or manage temporary childcare systems. Second, temporary childcare was difficult to use for parental relief because of unconscious bias. For example, the unconscious bias, i.e., “childcare is the mother’s responsibility,” means that principals may not respond positively to the...

The purpose of this study was to explore the possibilities of ECERS (Early Childhood Environment ... more The purpose of this study was to explore the possibilities of ECERS (Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale) and SSTEW (Sustained Shared Thinking Emotional Well-being) between countries through defining the common characteristics of the Asia-Pacific region. Recently, discussions on the process quality in the quality of Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) have been increasing. At the same time, rating scales for process quality have been developed and become popularized. This study focused on ECERS-3 and SSTEW. In our previous study, we defined the common characteristics of the Asia-Pacific region through analyzing “Innovative Pedagogical Approaches in Early Childhood Care and Education” (UNESCO, 2015). That research led to considering the possibility of using ECERS-3 and SSTEW. There are two main findings. First, it has been used as evaluation tools prior to now, but this study identified the characteristics of ECEC across the Asia-Pacific region. Second, we suggested a new ...

This study clarifies how do US researchers recognize Japanese culture of early childhood educatio... more This study clarifies how do US researchers recognize Japanese culture of early childhood education and care and consider the significance of Japanese culture of early childhood education and care through reviewing 5 US studies that focused on socialization of children at Japanese nursery school. As a result, US researchers recognize Japanese culture of early childhood education and care as follows. First, White & LeVine (1986), Walsh (2004), and Tobin (1992) recognize values of socialization of children in Japan as not adapting children to group life but instilling them selfhood of “omote” and “ura”. Second, White & LeVine (1986) recognize Japanese childcare method encouraging the socialization of children is “Love-oriented techniques”. And they recognize this method influenced by Japanese implicit educational theory, such as “pamper”. Third, Tobin (1992) and Walsh (2004) recognize that the environments of space, time, and word in Japanese nursery school are influenced by Japanese i...

The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of how multi-vocal visual ethnography is appl... more The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of how multi-vocal visual ethnography is applied in the world and to examine its possibilities and problems as a research methodology. Twenty-three academic articles using multi-vocal visual ethnography were collected and analyzed. The analysis results revealed the following: (1) multi-vocal visual ethnography is used as a tool for understanding not only the “visible,” but also the “invisible.” (2) The technique is used not only in comparative cultural research, but also as a tool for capturing different perspectives within a single culture. (3) Photographs and websites are used as cues, in addition to videos. (4) Cues consist of a variety of content. Unlike conventional ethnography, multi-vocal visual ethnography is a research methodology that has the potential to promote dialogues between researchers and people in and outside the field

広島大学附属幼稚園では,『子どもの経験から振り返る保育プロセス』(秋田他,2010)を用いた保育カンファレンスを,外部に対して公開し,一緒にカンファレンスを行う試みを行った。本研究は,内部の保育... more 広島大学附属幼稚園では,『子どもの経験から振り返る保育プロセス』(秋田他,2010)を用いた保育カンファレンスを,外部に対して公開し,一緒にカンファレンスを行う試みを行った。本研究は,内部の保育者にとっての,公開カンファレンスのメリット・デメリットを明らかにするとともに,公開カンファレンスを実践しての気づきや示唆を得ることを目的として行われた。 内部の保育者からは,今までない新たな視点を与えられるというメリットが多く示された。保育者以外が事例を収集し,ファシリテーターが進行をし,自園が有する特有の文化や価値観に縛られていない外部参加者が発言するという,普段とは異なる要素の加わった公開カンファレンスが営まれることで,自園のカンファレンスにはない「新たな気づき」を得られる可能性が示され,特にベテランの保育者にとって有効である可能性が示唆された。同時に,特定の子どもに対する援助を探る際には園内のみで行う方が有効ではないかとの意見も示され,メリット,デメリット双方が浮かび上がった。また,公開カンファレンスを成立させる要因として,ビデオ映像や,「安心度」・「夢中度」という評価基準の存在の意義が示された

This study outlines the social background and difficulties faced by one Japanese woman, Hanako, w... more This study outlines the social background and difficulties faced by one Japanese woman, Hanako, who is responsible for paid work, childcare, and housework. Data were collected through interactive interviews and analyzed using Ueno’s qualitative analysis method. Specifically, data were collected using LINE, a smartphone app. The focus of the study is a woman who feels overwhelmed by her attempt to handle all aspects of her paid work, childcare, and housework. The study identified three factors that prevent Japanese women from playing a more active role in society. First, in Japan, the role of a married woman as a full-time homemaker is widely accepted. However, many women are now continuing to work after getting married and giving birth. If there had been no historical culture of a woman’s career as a full-time homemaker, there would be no expectation that women would be solely responsible for housework and childcare, and it would be seen as a matter of course that Hanako would conti...

Understanding children is one of early childhood teachers’ professionalism, and there are various... more Understanding children is one of early childhood teachers’ professionalism, and there are various viewpoints for teachers’ understanding of children. In recent years, the viewpoint ‘Ima-Koko (here and now)’ have been watched with interest in Early Childhood Education and Care. ‘Ima-Koko’ is a viewpoint for understanding children’s experience from children’s view (not teacher’s view). In this study, we describe what the viewpoint ‘Ima-Koko (here and now)’ means to early childhood teachers through focusing on discussion in Early Childhood Education and Care conference in a kindergarten. In the conference, participants discussed an episode of a 5-years-old girl playing with a guard at the kindergarten. We recorded the discussion and translated word for word. Next, we analyzed the data with reference to the Steps for Coding and Theorization (SCAT) method. The result of this study is summarized in the following two points:1) It is difficult for some teachers to understand children’s ‘Ima...

本研究の目的は,次の通りである。(1)広島大学附属幼稚園が実施するSICSの理念に基づく保育カンファレンスは,他の保育園の保育者に対して何をもたらすのかについて検討する。(2)広島大学附属幼稚園... more 本研究の目的は,次の通りである。(1)広島大学附属幼稚園が実施するSICSの理念に基づく保育カンファレンスは,他の保育園の保育者に対して何をもたらすのかについて検討する。(2)広島大学附属幼稚園と外部の保育者が共に学ぶためのネットワーク構築の在り方について検討する。 本研究では,調査協力者として,A保育園における4名の保育者を対象に,グループ・インタビューを実施した。研究方法として,大谷(2011)による質的データ分析法を用いた。 研究の結果,次の点が見出された。(1)他の保育園の保育者は日頃,子どもの気持ちを理解することに困難を感じていた。(2)そうした保育者にとって,保育カンファレンスは,子どもの気持ちを理解する方法論を提示するとともに,保育観の再発見をもたらした。(3)保育カンファレンスは,外部の保育者と広島大学附属幼稚園の保育者が共に学び合うためのネットワーク構築に寄与していた。The purposes of this study are as follows: (1) to examine what early childhood education and care conferences based on the idea of SICS by the Hiroshima University Attached Kindergarten bring to the teachers of other daycare centers, and (2) to examine network construction between two groups of childcare professionals to learn together. The participants in this study are four teachers from a day care center; we conducted a group interview and performed qualitative data analysis (Otani 2011) on the participants' narratives. The results of this study are as follows: (1) the teachers regula...

The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of trends in the field of early childhood edu... more The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of trends in the field of early childhood education and care and examine the kind of research done outside of Japan on the concept of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK), an idea proposed by Lee S. Shulman. The study examines the applicability of PCK to the study of early childhood teachers based on a search of the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) database. The keywords “early childhood education and care,” “PCK,” and “Shulman” were used in the database search, and ten articles that were returned were reviewed carefully. We determined that most of the studies were centered on content knowledge about mathematics, science, and technology, while only few studies focused on children’s knowledge regarding development of social skills. Some studies also focused on implicit knowledge based on Polanyi’s theory. This suggests that the PCK concept can be applied to the study of early childhood teachers in Japan as well

The purpose of this study is to decipher the characteristics of Japanese Early Childhood Educatio... more The purpose of this study is to decipher the characteristics of Japanese Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) from the viewpoint of Reggio Emilia in terms of young children’s subjectivity and teachers’ involvement. Specifically, I will discuss the characteristics of Japanese ECEC and the Reggio Emilia Approach relative to the children’s subjectivity and teachers’ involvement and examine their similarities. In doing this, I aim to decipher the characteristics of Japanese ECEC from the viewpoint of the Reggio Emilia Approach. As the results of this study made clear, the Reggio Emilia Approach and Japanese ECEC have similarities, in terms of how the curricula support children’s subjectivity and the suppression of teachers’ interventions. In addition, it was clear that Japanese ECEC emphasizes not only positive emotional experiences but also the negative emotional experiences of children