張祐誠 - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by 張祐誠

Compact and powerful diode laser-pumped solid-state lasers are of particular interest for many ap... more Compact and powerful diode laser-pumped solid-state lasers are of particular interest for many applications, such as laser ranging, display, remote sensing, optical storage, biomedicine, and undersea communication. Laser Q-switching technique has provided an efficient way of producing repetitively high-energy laser pulses to greatly enhance the peak power of the laser and therefore become an important technique in especially a miniature solid-state laser for producing an output power >watt level. In addition to the merit of system size reduction, monolithic integration of laser intracavity elements has the obvious advantage of reducing the difficulty with resonator loss and laser alignment. While conventional laser systems have laser gain media operated separately to other intracavity elements (e.g., the Q-switches, polarizers, nonlinear crystals, etc.), self-(internal-)Q-switching and self-frequency-doubling lasers have given good alternatives of further system miniaturization. ...

Molecular Ecology Notes, 2004

Six polymorphic microsatellite loci are isolated from the Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis ... more Six polymorphic microsatellite loci are isolated from the Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), an agricultural pest in Asia, including Taiwan. To assess their potential utility as high-resolution genetic markers, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers, amplification conditions, and an automated fluorescence detection protocol were developed. In analyses of 71 individual flies from six different areas of Taiwan, allele numbers ranged from five to 25 were detected for each locus. The observed heterozygosity ranged between 0.268 and 0.737 among these loci. No linkage disequilibrium was found. These microsatellite markers have potential utility to population structure and gene flow studies of B. dorsalis (Hendel).

Pest Management Science, 2011

BACKGROUND: The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is one of the most destructive ... more BACKGROUND: The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is one of the most destructive pests in many Asian countries. An effective strategy to reduce fly density in the field is urgently required. Recently, the doublesex of B. dorsalis (Bddsx f) has been cloned, and RNA interference (RNAi) indicates that it can reduce the offspring in vitro. In this study, a piggyBac-based construct that generates short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against the female-specific region of Bddsx was introduced into the pest to test the RNAi effects on reproductive functions in vivo. RESULTS: After embryonic injection and backcross, 21 transgenic lines with germline transformation were identified. Genomic DNA analysis showed that the exogenous transgene including short hairpin Bddsx f and a DsRed marker had integrated into the genomes of 11 transformed lines. Northern blot analysis indicated the presence of Bddsx f short interfering RNA (siRNA) under the control of a U6 promoter in transformed flies. As expected, the specific effects of RNAi led to the delay of egg maturation, and the offspring was significantly reduced. Reverse transcription real-time PCR further demonstrated that in vivo interference not only specifically inhibited the Bddsx f transcript but also repressed expression of the downstream yolk protein gene (Bdyp1). CONCLUSION: The results clearly indicate that RNAi is heritable through the expression of specific siRNA in early generations of transformed oriental fruit fly. These results can broaden the understanding of sex-related developmental mechanisms in the fly, and also offer a possible molecular approach for pest control in the future.

Pest Management Science, 2010

BACKGROUND: Information on the insecticide susceptibility of striped stem borer, Chilo suppressal... more BACKGROUND: Information on the insecticide susceptibility of striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker), is essential for an effective pest management programme. An early detection of resistance development can prompt the modification of current control methods and increase the lifespan of insecticides through the rotation of chemicals with different modes of action. In this study, the susceptibility of this pest in Taiwan to four classes of insecticides has been examined. RESULTS: Over 1000-fold resistance to carbofuran was detected in C. suppressalis collected from Chiayi and Changhua prefectures, with estimated LC 50 values of >3 mg cm −2. In addition, 61-fold resistance to cartap was found in the Chiayi population. On the other hand, all tested populations of rice stem borer were still relatively susceptible to chlorpyrifos, fipronil and permethrin, with LC 50 values ranging from 30 to 553 ng cm −2. Chilo suppressalis populations collected from the central parts of Taiwan have a higher degree of resistance to the tested insecticides than those from northern areas. CONCLUSION: The occurrence of high resistance to carbofuran in the Chiayi and Changhua areas suggests that this compound should be replaced with chemicals having a different mode of action, such as chlorpyrifos, fipronil and permethrin, to which low cross-resistance has been detected.

Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2010

The essence oil of the Alpinia oxyphylla seed has been used as a vasodilatatory and analgesic age... more The essence oil of the Alpinia oxyphylla seed has been used as a vasodilatatory and analgesic agent in pharmacology. The extraction of the essence oil in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2) from Alpinia oxyphylla seeds was investigated. Small particles were obtained after breaking open, sieving, and drying from the Alpinia oxyphylla seeds. The small particles were placed in a 5-L extraction tank in a temperature-controlled system. The CO 2 flow rate of the system was set at 1 L/min in this study. Response surface methodology with a three-factor and three-level Box-Behnken experimental design was used to evaluate the effects of the reaction parameters such as extraction time (1, 2, 3 h), temperature (45, 55, 65°C), and pressure (20, 30, 40 MPa), on the extraction yield of the essence oil from Alpinia oxyphylla seeds. The results indicate that the extraction pressure was the most important parameter affecting the yield of the essence oil. A model for the estimation of the yield was developed. Based on the analysis of ridge max, the optimal extraction conditions were established as an extraction time of 2.8 h, a temperature of 67.5°C, and a pressure of 28.5 MPa, with an expected yield of 2.78%. Extraction of Alpinia oxyphylla essence oil in SC-CO 2 under these optimal conditions was conducted, and a yield of 2.77 ± 0.19% was obtained.

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2008

A homologue of the doublesex gene (Bddsx) has been cloned from the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera... more A homologue of the doublesex gene (Bddsx) has been cloned from the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Northern analysis indicates a differential expression of Bddsx in male and female flies, as reported for other dsx genes. A structural conservation of DNA binding domain/oligomerization domain 1 and oligomerization domain 2 suggests that the doublesex protein (BdDSX) of this fruit fly serves as a transcriptional factor for downstream sex-specific gene expression. The putative transformer/transformer-2 protein binding sequence in female-specific transcript suggests that a preserved alternative splicing process found in other flies mediates the synthesis of Bddsx transcript. RNA interference (RNAi) data from adult abdominal dsRNA injection assays indicate that female-specific dsx dsRNA reduces specifically its own transcript, inhibits selectively expression of the yolk protein gene (Bdyp1), and delays ovary development. The number of matured eggs is significant reduced after RNAi treatment, but the sex ratio of offspring is not biased. Moreover, 27% of female progeny with RNAi show deformed ovipositor, but male flies are not affected. Although this is a transient treatment, the specific Bddsx f interference offers a promising and novel approach to oriental fruit fly control in the future.

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2009

To identify pertinent mutations associated with knockdown resistance to permethrin, the entire co... more To identify pertinent mutations associated with knockdown resistance to permethrin, the entire coding sequence of the voltage-gated sodium channel gene Aa-para was sequenced and analyzed from a Per-R strain with 190-fold resistance to permethrin and two susceptible strains of Aedes aegypti. The longest transcript, a 6441 bp open reading frame, encodes 2147 amino acid residues with an estimated molecular mass of 241 kDa. A total of 33 exons were found in the Aa-para gene over 293 kb of genomic DNA. Three previously unreported optional exons were identified. The first two exons, m and n, were located within the intracellular domain I/II, and the third, f 0 , was found within the II/III linkers. The two mutually exclusive exons, d and l, were the only alternative exons in all the cDNA clones sequenced in this study. The most distinct finding was a novel amino acid substitution mutation, D1794Y, located within the extracellular linker between IVS5 and IVS6, which is concurrent with the known V1023G mutation in Aapara of the Per-R strain. The high frequency and coexistence of the two mutations in the Per-R strain suggest that they might exert a synergistic effect to provide the knockdown resistance to permethrin. Furthermore, both cDNA and genomic DNA data from the same individual mosquitoes have demonstrated that RNA editing was not involved in amino acid substitutions of the Per-R strain.