21. Mohammad Ramadani Imam A. (original) (raw)

Papers by 21. Mohammad Ramadani Imam A.

Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2015

Fruits of Phoenix sylvestris Roxb. (Arecaceae) are used to treat back pain, toothache, headache, ... more Fruits of Phoenix sylvestris Roxb. (Arecaceae) are used to treat back pain, toothache, headache, arthritis, nervous debility and as sedative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive and neuropharmacological activities of methanol extract of P. sylvestris fruit pulp (MEPS). The antinociceptive activity of MEPS was evaluated by heat-induced (hot plate, tail immersion test) and chemical-induced pain models (acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced nociception, glutamate-induced nociception and paw edema test). The effect of MEPS on central nervous system (CNS) was studied using hole cross test, open field test, sodium thiopental-induced sleeping time and elevated plus maze test. MEPS showed strong, significant and dose-dependent antinociceptive activity in all heat-induced and chemical-induced pain models at all experimental doses. Involvement of opioid receptor mediated analgesia was evident from the reversal of analgesic effect by naloxone. MEPS also showed reduced locomotor activity in both hole cross and open field tests. The increase in sleeping time in sodium thiopental-induced sleeping test and anxiolytic activity in elevated plus maze test were also significant. So, it is evident that MEPS possesses strong central and peripheral antinociceptive activity as well as CNS depressant, sedative and anxiolytic activity. The results justify the ethnomedicinal use of P. sylvestris fruit in different painful conditions and CNS disorders.

American Journal of Food and Nutrition, 2011

The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant, antidiarrhoeal and cytotoxic prope... more The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant, antidiarrhoeal and cytotoxic properties of the aerial parts of Trichosanthes dioica. The petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and water extracts were tested for antioxidant activity using nitric oxide scavenging assay, total antioxidant capacity and total flavonoid content determination; castor oil-induced and magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoea in mice were used to evaluate antidiarrhoeal activity while Brine shrimp lethality bioassay was employed for cytotoxicity test. The extracts exhibited significant radical scavenging capacity against nitric oxide. The order of radical scavenging was ascorbic acid > water extract > ethyl acetate extract > methanol extract > petroleum ether extract. The assay also revealed significant total antioxidant activity and a good amount of flavonoids in the extracts. Results of antidiarrhoeal tests at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight significantly (p<0.05, 0.001) reduced the frequency and severity of diarrhoea in both animal models. Methanol extract showed the highest inhibition of defaecation. The extracts also showed moderate cytotoxicity against Brine shrimp. The results suggest that aerial parts of Trichosanthes dioica possess significant antioxidant, antidiarrhoeal and moderate cytotoxic activities.

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014

Background: Cyperus rotundus Linn. (Cyperaceae) is used to treat inflammation, pain, fever, wound... more Background: Cyperus rotundus Linn. (Cyperaceae) is used to treat inflammation, pain, fever, wounds, boils and blisters in folk medicine. This study evaluated the antinociceptive effect of the hydromethanol extract of whole plant of C. rotundus (HMCR). Methods: The antinociceptive activity of HMCR was investigated in thermal-induced (hot plate and tail immersion) and chemical-induced (formalin) nociception models in mice at three different doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg; p.o.). Morphine sulphate (5 mg/kg, i.p.) and diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg, i.p.) were used as reference analgesic agents. Results: In the hot-plate and tail-immersion tests HMCR significantly increased the latency period to the thermal stimuli at all the tested doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) (p < 0.05). The significant increase in latency is clear from the observations at 60 and 90 min. In formalin-induced paw licking test oral administration of HMCR at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses decreased the licking of paw in early phase. All the tested doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly decreased the licking of paw in late phase of the test (p < 0.001). The dose 200 mg/kg was most effective showing maximum percentage of inhibition of licking in both early (61.60%) and late phase (87.41%). Conclusion: These results indicate the antinociceptive effect of C. rotundus and suggest that this effect is mediated by both peripheral and central mechanisms. These results support the traditional use of this plant in different painful conditions.

Heart rate variability (HRV) is reduced in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). We exam... more Heart rate variability (HRV) is reduced in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). We examined the sensitivity of a new nonlinear parameter, the Complex Correlation Measure (CCM) in patients with depression. Two-minute ECG recordings at rest with eyes-closed were analyzed. CCM was higher (0.36±0.1) in control participants compared to MDD (0.29±0.1), indicating a decrease in temporal variability associated with decreased parasympathetic function (Cohen's d= 0.7, p= 0.0008). CCM also demonstrated a larger ...

Giant, 2020

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 2016

In this study, a linear parametric modeling technique was applied to model ventricular repolariza... more In this study, a linear parametric modeling technique was applied to model ventricular repolarization (VR) dynamics. Three features were selected from the surface ECG recordings to investigate the changes in VR dynamics in healthy and cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) participants with diabetes including heart rate variability (calculated from RR intervals), repolarization variability (calculated from QT intervals) and respiration (calculated by ECG derived respiration (EDR. Surface ECGs were recorded in a supine resting position from 80 age-matched participants (40 with no cardiac autonomic neuropathy (NCAN) and 40 with CAN). In the CAN group, 25 participants had early/subclinical CAN (ECAN) and 15 participants were identified with definite/clinical CAN (DCAN). Detecting subclinical CAN is crucial for designing an effective treatment plan to prevent further cardiovascular complications. For CAN diagnosis, VR dynamics was analyzed using linear parametric autoregressive bivariate (ARXAR) and trivariate (ARXXAR) models, which were estimated using 250 beats of derived QT, RR and EDR time series extracted from the first 5 minutes of the recorded ECG signal. Results showed that the EDR based models gave a significantly higher fitting value (p<0.0001) than models without EDR, which indicates that QT-RR dynamics is better explained by respiratory information based models. Moreover, the QT-RR-EDR model values gradually decreased from the NCAN group to ECAN and DCAN groups, which indicate a decoupling of QT from RR and the respiration signal with the increase in severity of CAN. In this study, only the EDR based model significantly distinguished ECAN and DCAN groups from the NCAN group (p<0.05) with large effect sizes (Cohen's d>0.75) showing the effectiveness of this modeling technique in detecting subclinical CAN. In conclusion, the EDR based trivariate QT-RR-EDR model was found to be better in detecting the presence and severity of CAN than the bivariate QT-RR model. This finding also establishes the importance of adding respiratory information for analyzing the gradual deterioration of

Medical & biological engineering & computing, 2014

Ventricular repolarization dynamics is an important predictor of the outcome in cardiovascular di... more Ventricular repolarization dynamics is an important predictor of the outcome in cardiovascular diseases. Mathematical modeling of the heart rate variability (RR interval variability) and ventricular repolarization variability (QT interval variability) is one of the popular methods to understand the dynamics of ventricular repolarization. Although ECG derived respiration (EDR) was previously suggested as a surrogate of respiration, but the effect of respiratory movement on ventricular repolarization dynamics was not studied. In this study, the importance of considering the effect of respiration and the validity of using EDR as a surrogate of respiration for linear parametric modeling of ventricular repolarization variability is studied in two cases with different physiological and psychological conditions. In the first case study, we used 20 young and 20 old healthy subjects' ECG and respiration data from Fantasia database at Physionet to analyze a bivariate QT-RR and a trivariat...

Systole and diastole are the fundamental periods of the cardiac cycle and their relative duration... more Systole and diastole are the fundamental periods of the cardiac cycle and their relative duration is used to evaluate heart function in various physiological and pathological conditions. In clinical practice, systolicdiastolic interval is generally measured using echocardiography. However, recent studies have shown that the QT and TQ intervals of the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal can be used as surrogate systolic and diastolic intervals respectively and the ratio of beat-tobeat QT-TQ intervals can be used as the systolic-diastolic interval interaction (SDI) parameter. In this study, we propose a new parameter, beat-to-beat TQ-RR ratio, to investigate the SDI. Performance of both QT-TQ and TQ-RR based SDI measures were analyzed using a case study to detect and monitor the progression of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in diabetes. ECGs recorded in supine resting condition of 72 diabetic subjects with no CAN (CAN-) and 70 diabetic subjects with CAN were analyzed in this study. Fifty-five subjects of the CAN group had early level of CAN (ECAN) and 15 subjects were at the severe or definite stage of CAN (DCAN). The results show that variability of the TQ-RR based SDI measure can significantly (p<0.001) differentiate all three groups (CAN-, ECAN and DCAN) and the level of CAN. In contrast, the variability of the QT-TQ based SDI measures showed significant difference only between CAN-and DCAN groups. This result suggested that TQ-RR based SDI analysis was more sensitive in tracking progression of CAN than the QT-TQ based approach, which is crucial for the early detection of CAN.

This paper investigates the influence of psychological stress due to driving in city traffic cond... more This paper investigates the influence of psychological stress due to driving in city traffic condition on beat-tobeat QT interval. Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal of 16 subjects were analyzed from Physionet "drivedb" database. Total 32 segments of ECG signal was selected from all subjects. 16 of which were recorded during "Stressed" condition and rest 16 were in "Unstressed" states. Each segment was 5 minutes long and QT intervals were extracted using Berger's template matching algorithm. Heart rate corrected QT (QTc) intervals was calculated using methods proposed by Bazett, Fridericia and Framingham. The mean and standard deviation of each QTc interval time series was calculated as a feature describing average length and variability of QTc interval. The results showed that the mean QTc was lower in "Stressed" condition than "Unstressed", however none of the differences were statistically significant. In contrast, the variability of QTc intervals were higher in "Stressed" segments than the "Unstressed" ones and the difference was statistically significant. However, such difference was not present in RR intervals. In summary, QT was not prolonged due to stress but beat-to-beat QT variability increased in "Stressed" condition and this can be an effective marker to detect psychological stress.

In this study a linear parametric modeling technique is applied to model ventricular repolarisati... more In this study a linear parametric modeling technique is applied to model ventricular repolarisation (QT) variability from heart rate variability (RR) and respiration to investigate the change in cardiovascular system complexity in diabetes patients with cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN+) and without (CAN-). ECGs were recorded from 32 participants (20 CAN-and 12 CAN+), whilst in a supine resting position for 20 minutes and linear parametric autoregressive models using the first 250 beats were analysed. Models developed from the ECG derived respiration information could explain the QT-RR dynamics better than the models designed without any respiration information and may improve classification of CAN. QT-RR interaction provides useful information about cardiovascular system dynamics and autonomic nervous system modulation and ventricular repolarization on heart rate and heart rate variability.

Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference, 2013

Perturbations in the normal heart rate are generally represented by the presence of premature act... more Perturbations in the normal heart rate are generally represented by the presence of premature activation (PA) beats in the surface electrocardiogram (ECG). The presence of PA is one of the main reasons of instability in QT dynamics which could initiate arrhythmia. Analyzing Boundary-Input Boundary-Output (BIBO) stability of the short term linear autoregressive QT-RR model is a way of detecting instability in QT dynamics from the ECG. The aim of this paper is to investigate if PA is the only reason for instability in the ventricular repolarisation process, which is denoted by QT interval of surface ECG. Ten healthy subjects with normal sinus rhythm and seven patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) were analyzed in this study. 10 min long ECG data were collected from each subject of the healthy group and 10 min ECG before the start of VT were taken for each subject of the VT group. Autoregressive QT-RR model was derived for each non-overlapping 1 min long ECG segment of t...

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2008

The molecular structure of helical supramolecular dendrimers generated from self-assembling dendr... more The molecular structure of helical supramolecular dendrimers generated from self-assembling dendrons and dendrimers and from self-organizable dendronized polymers was elucidated for the first time by the simulation of the X-ray diffraction patterns of their oriented fibers. These simulations were based on helical diffraction theory applied to simplified atomic helical models, followed by Cerius2 calculations based on their complete molecular helical structures. Hundreds of samples were screened until a library containing 14 supramolecular dendrimers and dendronized polymers provided a sufficient number of helical features in the X-ray diffraction pattern of their oriented fibers. This combination of techniques provided examples of single-9 2 and-113 helices, triple-61,-81,-91, and-121 helices, and an octa-321 helix that were assembled from crownlike dendrimers, hollow and nonhollow supramolecular crownlike dendrimers, hollow and nonhollow supramolecular disklike dendrimers, and hollow and nonhollow supramolecular and macromolecular helicene-like architectures. The method elaborated here for the determination of the molecular helix structure was transplanted from the field of structural biology and will be applicable to other classes of synthetic helical assemblies. The determination of the molecular structure of helical supramolecular assemblies is expected to provide an additional level of precision in the design of helical functional assemblies resembling those from biological systems.

Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 2009

The synthesis, structural, and retrostructural analysis of a library of self-assembling dendrons ... more The synthesis, structural, and retrostructural analysis of a library of self-assembling dendrons containing triethyl and tripropyl ammonium, pyridinium and 3-methylimidazolium chloride, tetrafluoroborate, and hexafluorophosphate at their apex are reported. These dendritic ionic liquids self-assemble into supramolecular columns or spheres which self-organize into 21) hexagonal or rectangular and 31) cubic or tetragonal liquid crystalline and crystalline lattices. Structural analysis by X-ray diffraction experiments demonstrated the self-assembly of supramolecular dendrimers containing columnar and spherical nanoscale ionic liquid reactors segregated in their core. Both in the supramolecular columns and spheres the noncovalent interactions mediated by the ionic liquid provide a supramolecular polymer and therefore, these assemblies represent a new class of dendronized supramolecular polymers. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 4165-4193, 2009

Israel Journal of Chemistry, 2009

ABSTRACT The amine groups from the periphery of poly(propylenimine) dendrimers [DAB-(NH2)n] (n = ... more ABSTRACT The amine groups from the periphery of poly(propylenimine) dendrimers [DAB-(NH2)n] (n = 4 and 8) were reacted with the carboxylic groups of five different first and second generation self-assembling dendrons. The amidation was mediated by the peptide bond forming reagent 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazine (CDMT)/N-methylmorpholine (NMM). All the resulting dendronized dendrimers self-assemble into helical pyramidal columns that self-organize into columnar hexagonal and columnar rectangular 2D lattices and in supramolecular spheres that self-organize into 3D Pm3n and P42/mnm tetragonal lattices. The structural and retrostructural analysis of the supramolecular dendrimers by X-ray diffraction experiments demonstrated that supramolecular dendritic spheres are assembled from various spherical fragments, including conical and half-sphere in which the DAB dendrimer is confined to their apex. Dendritic-crown is the most frequently encountered conformation of the dendronized dendrimers that is responsible for the assembly of helical pyramidal columns.

IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, 2012

Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) has been frequently postulated to increase susceptibili... more Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) has been frequently postulated to increase susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in diabetic patients. The relation between the progression of CAN in diabetes and ventricular repolarization remains to be fully described. Therefore, this study examined QT interval variability and heart rate interbeat variability to identify any alterations of cardiac repolarization in diabetic patients in relation to severity of CAN. Seventy control participants without (CAN-) and 74 patients with CAN (CAN+) were enrolled in this study. Among 74 CAN + patients, 62 are early CAN + (eCAN +) , and 12 are definite CAN + (dCAN +) according to autonomic nervous system function tests as described by Ewing. The results showed that the QT variability index (QTVI) was significantly higher and positive in the dCAN + (0.51 ±1.32) group than in the eCAN + (-0.39 ±0.91) and CAN - (-0.54 ±0.72) groups. The QT variability to heart-rate variability ratio provides a measure of the balance between QT and heart interbeat variability. QTVI was more sensitive in identifying disease progression at all stages. Our study supports the hypothesis that QTVI could be used as a clinical test to identify early CAN and as a marker of CAN progression in diabetic patients and may help physicians in determining the best therapeutic strategy for these patients.

Acta Metallurgica et Materialia, 1993

ABSTRACT Photoemission microscopy is used to observe grain boundary migrating during grain growth... more ABSTRACT Photoemission microscopy is used to observe grain boundary migrating during grain growth in a Ti6Al2V2Zr (wt%) alloy. Analysis of the motion of the grain boundary/edge intercepts with the free surface is performed on disappearing grains. These grains exhibit parabolic shrinkage kinetics of the form 2(t)− 2(0)=−Ct. The characteristic length (t) is defined as the geometric mean edge spacing of the grain at the free surface at time t, and C is a positive constant that depends on the topology and shape of the grain below the free surface. The significance of these results with respect to grain growth is discussed.RésuméOn utilise la microscopie par photoémission pour observer la migration des joints de grains pendant la croissance du grain dans un alliage Ti6Al2V2Zr (% pondéral). L'analyse du mouvement des intersections entre joints et arêtes de grain avec la surface libre est effectuée sur les grains en train de disparaître. Ces grains révèlent une cinétique de retrécissement parabolique de la forme 2(t)− 2(0)=−Ct. La longueur caractéristique (t) est définie comme la distance géométrique moyenne des bords du grain à la surface libre au temps t, et C est une constante positive qui dépend de la topologie et de la forme du grain au dessous de la surface libre. La signification de ces résultats par rapport à la croissance des grains est discutée.ZusammenfassungDie Korngrenzwanderung während des Kornwachstums wird in der Legierung Ti6Al2V2Zr (in Gew.%) mittels Photoelektronenspektroskopie beobachtet. Die Bewegung der Schnittlinie der Korngrenze mit der Oberfläche wird an schrumpfenden Körnern durchgeführt. Diese Körner zeigen eine parabolische Schrumpfungskinetik der Form 2(t)− 2(0)=−Ct. Die charakteristische Länge (t) ist definiert als der geometrisch gemittelte Abstand der Kornkanten an der freien Oberfläche zur Zeit t. C ist eine positive Konstante, die von Topologie und Form des Kornes unter der Oberfläche abhängt. Die Bedeutung dieser Ergebnisse wird im Hinblik auf das Kornwachstum diskutiert.

$Research paper thumbnail of Elucidating the Structure of thePm$\bar 3$nCubic Phase of Supramolecular Dendrimers through the Modification of their Aliphatic to Aromatic Volume Ratio$

Chemistry - A European Journal, 2009

The synthesis, and structural and retrostructural analysis of a library of second-generation coni... more The synthesis, and structural and retrostructural analysis of a library of second-generation conical dendrons that self-assemble into spherical supramolecular dendrimers is reported. This library consists of amphiphilic dendrons with n-alkyl groups containing from 4 to 16 carbon atoms. The dendrons containing 6 to 16 carbon atoms in their n-alkyl groups self-assemble into spherical supramolecular dendrimers that self-organize in a Pm3n cubic lattice. The structural and retrostructural analysis of the Pm3n lattices generated from the supramolecular dendrimers demonstrated that the volume of the aromatic core of the spherical dendrimers is not dependent on the number of carbon atoms from their alkyl groups. This result facilitated the calculation of the average values of the absolute electron density of the aliphatic and aromatic domains of the spherical supramolecular dendrimers. The relative intensity of the higher order diffraction peaks of the Pm3n lattice increases as the volume of the aliphatic part of the sphere mediated by the number of carbon atoms in the n-alkyl groups decreases. This study demonstrates the maximum increase of the relative intensity of the higher order diffraction peaks of the Pm3n lattice generated from non-hollow supramolecular dendrimers.