Abiodun Adetokunbo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Abiodun Adetokunbo

SN Business & Economics, Jun 26, 2024

Research Square (Research Square), Sep 13, 2022

Economic openness has been argued to be an enabler of growth when supported with appropriate poli... more Economic openness has been argued to be an enabler of growth when supported with appropriate policies. This study investigates the effects of economic openness on economic growth in Nigeria. It also assesses the role of institutions in enabling the relationship between economic openness and economic growth. Using annual series, vector error correction model and causality test, the study shows that economic openness have positive but insigni cant effect on economic growth. With the inclusion of institutional quality, the relationship between economic (trade and nancial) openness and economic growth shows weak signi cance, however with negative effect. The implication of these ndings is that activities put in place to ensure free ow of goods and services and capital in ows have not contributed signi cantly to economic growth. Furthermore, efforts to ensure government effectiveness have not fully translated into ensuring improved economic growth and current quality of institution might not necessarily ensure a stronger economic openness-economic growth nexus. The study recommends improved ows of goods and services with special focus on import reduction and export promotion and also recommends the promotion of stronger and quality institutions that is able to make relevant trade and nancial liberalization policies that will not distort but improve economic growth signi cantly.

Journal of economics and sustainable development, 2017

This study focused on the Child Rights Act and how relevant stakeholders, institutions and agenci... more This study focused on the Child Rights Act and how relevant stakeholders, institutions and agencies have been able to guarantee the attainment of these rights through budgetary provisions. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to determine the effects of public healthcare expenditure on the attainment of these rights. To this end, the study employed the Grossman human capital development model and fitted a time series data obtained from World Development Indicators and CBN statistical bulletin using OLS and TSLS. In the process, we observed that public healthcare expenditure has been on the increase, while the under-five mortality rate has been falling but not in the same proportion. Secondly, we observed that public healthcare expenditure is statistically significant with under-five mortality rate but with an infinitesimal magnitude of 0.017% (OLS) and 0.035% (TSLS). Public education expenditure is positively but has no statistically significant relationship with primary school enrolment. It was discovered that the incidence of mortality is higher than the child school enrolment. The findings also show that location and accessibility to both health and education facilities are important in explaining under-five mortality and primary school enrolment respectively. We therefore suggest that more proportion of the public healthcare expenditure should be allotted to the welfare of the under-five, thereby fulfilling the Child Rights Act.

In this paper, we model the relationship between fiscal deficit and inflation for Nigeria using a... more In this paper, we model the relationship between fiscal deficit and inflation for Nigeria using annual data from 1980 to 2019. We employ the Linear ARDL approach and also account for structural breaks using the Bai and Perron (2003) test that allows for multiple structural changes in regression models. The paper finds that fiscal deficit is a major determinant of inflation along with other macroeconomic factors considered in the study. However, we observe that it may be necessary to pre-test for structural breaks when modelling the relationship between fiscal deficit and price level as it performs better than when structural events are not considered. The results imply that a fiscal management process that does not encourage increased revenue and reduce fiscal deficits in Nigeria will further worsen the level of inflation in the country.

Ekonomski anali, 2021

In this paper, we model the relationship between fiscal deficit and inflation for Nigeria using a... more In this paper, we model the relationship between fiscal deficit and inflation for Nigeria using annual data from 1980 to 2016. We employ the linear ARDL approach and account for structural breaks using the Bai and Perron (2003) test that allows for multiple structural changes in regression models. The paper finds that the fiscal deficit is a major determinant of inflation along with other macroeconomic factors considered in the study. However, we observe that it may be necessary to pretest for structural breaks when modelling the relationship between the fiscal deficit and the price level, as it performs better than when structural events are not considered. The results imply that a fiscal management process that does not encourage increased revenue and reduce fiscal deficits will further worsen the level of inflation in the country.

Acta Universitatis Danubius: Oeconomica, 2019

The problem of debt overhang is becoming intractable in Nigeria. It is believed that the rising t... more The problem of debt overhang is becoming intractable in Nigeria. It is believed that the rising trend of domestic debt is determined by some factors. The paper empirically investigates the variables influencing domestic debt. Prior literature on debt had focused on external debt. Literature on domestic debt had just examined its impact on economic growth. Multivariate vector error correction framework was used to analyze data obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria, World Bank National Accounts Data and Debt Management Office between 1970 and 2015. Domestic debt investor base swings between the deposit money bank and the non-bank public. Lagged values of budget deficit, external debt and GDP growth rate explains current domestic debt in the short run. There exist bi-directional granger causalities between domestic debt and budget deficit, domestic debt and external debt and domestic debt and GDP growth rate. The study recommends reasonable budget cut, redirection of fiscal deficit int...

Future Business Journal, 2020

The misconception of services as being non-productive has led to the neglect of the service secto... more The misconception of services as being non-productive has led to the neglect of the service sector in both economic theory and applied economic researches. The Nigerian economy highly depends on the oil sector to generate revenue for the entire economy. This study examines the response of economic growth to the dynamics of the service sector in Nigeria from the windows of governance indicators. Using annual data series, endogenous growth model, and autoregressive distributed lag technique, transportation and communication service subsector is significant and positively related to economic growth. Health service subsector and transportation and communication subservice sector are significant and positively related to economic growth when governance indicators were accounted for. Interaction of the subservice sectors with governance indicators shows that none of the service subsectors were significant but were positively related to economic growth. The study shows that the activities ...

African Journal of Applied Statistics, 2019

Antenatal Care (ANC) among pregnant women is one of the greatest important factors in reducing ma... more Antenatal Care (ANC) among pregnant women is one of the greatest important factors in reducing maternal morbidity, mortality, birth injuries and other puerperal issues. In this paper, factors affecting utilization of ANC services, availability of these services, women perception towards it, level of awareness, attendance rate, sources and types of information on antenatal care services among women of reproductive age were investigated. Descriptive analysis such as tables, pie and bar charts was used for the presentation of socio-demographic and research variables. The test of hypotheses (test of association) between women use of ANC health-services and some demographic variables such as age, education, spouse education, religion and others was also carried out at 5% level of significance.

Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2011

Foreign trade plays a vital in restructuring economic and social attributes of countries around t... more Foreign trade plays a vital in restructuring economic and social attributes of countries around the world. The workings of an economy in terms of growth rate and per capita income have been based on the domestic production, consumption activities and in ...

In this paper, we model the relationship between oil revenue and current account balance dynamics... more In this paper, we model the relationship between oil revenue and current account balance dynamics in Nigeria using quarterly data from 1987Q1 to 2015Q4. We employ both the Linear ARDL and Nonlinear ARDL models and we also account for multiple structural breaks using a test that allows for multiple structural changes in regression models. The following were noticed from our analyses. First, we observe the existence of an asymmetric effect on the current account balance both in the short and long run. Second, accounting for structural breaks play an important role when modelling the relationship between oil revenue and current account balance. Third, the paper finds that oil revenue has a significant positive effect on current account balance, however, puzzling that both positive and negative shocks affect the current account balance in the same manner. Overall, the positive changes in oil revenue have considerably larger impact than negative changes. The implications for policy are d...

Future Business Journal, 2020

The misconception of services as being non-productive has led to the neglect of the service secto... more The misconception of services as being non-productive has led to the neglect of the service sector in both economic theory and applied economic researches. The Nigerian economy highly depends on the oil sector to generate revenue for the entire economy. This study examines the response of economic growth to the dynamics of the service sector in Nigeria from the windows of governance indicators. Using annual data series, endogenous growth model, and autoregressive distributed lag technique, transportation and communication service subsector is significant and positively related to economic growth. Health service subsector and transportation and communication subservice sector are significant and positively related to economic growth when governance indicators were accounted for. Interaction of the subservice sectors with governance indicators shows that none of the service subsectors were significant but were positively related to economic growth. The study shows that the activities of the education subsec-tor have not contributed significantly to economic growth. Thus, for education to contribute positively to economic growth there is a need for increase in budgetary allocation to education subsector. Efforts made to control corruption and promote government effectiveness should be reviewed frequently to checkmate the processes of governance, so that bureaucratic processes would not hinder services from contributing significantly to economic growth.

African Journal of Applied Statistics, 6 (1), 2019

Antenatal Care (ANC) among pregnant women is one of the greatest important factors in reducing ma... more Antenatal Care (ANC) among pregnant women is one of the greatest important factors in reducing maternal morbidity, mortality, birth injuries and other puerperal issues. In this paper, factors affecting utilization of ANC services, availability of these services, women perception towards it, level of awareness, attendance rate, sources and types of information on antenatal care services among women of reproductive age were investigated. Descriptive analysis such as tables, pie and bar charts was used for the presentation of socio-demographic and research variables. The test of hypotheses (test of association) between women use of ANC health-services and some demographic variables such as age, education, spouse education, religion and others was also carried out at 5% level of significance.

ACTA UNIVERSITATIS DANUBIUS 15( 2) , 2019

The problem of debt overhang is becoming intractable in Nigeria. It is believed that the rising t... more The problem of debt overhang is becoming intractable in Nigeria. It is believed that the rising trend of domestic debt is determined by some factors. The paper empirically investigates the variables influencing domestic debt. Prior literature on debt had focused on external debt. Literature on domestic debt had just examined its impact on economic growth. Multivariate vector error correction framework was used to analyze data obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria, World Bank National Accounts Data and Debt Management Office between 1970 and 2015. Domestic debt investor base swings between the deposit money bank and the non-bank public. Lagged values of budget deficit, external debt and GDP growth rate explains current domestic debt in the short run. There exist bi-directional granger causalities between domestic debt and budget deficit, domestic debt and external debt and domestic debt and GDP growth rate. The study recommends reasonable budget cut, redirection of fiscal deficit into productive capital expenditure, eliminating recurrent fiscal financing and thereby utilizing rising domestic debt. The study contributes to existing knowledge on domestic debt and affirmed that budget deficit, financial deepening of an economy, external debt, interest rate and GDP growth rate has a long run relationship with domestic debt in Nigeria.

SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business 68(4), 2018

In this paper, we model the relationship between oil revenue and current account balance dynamics... more In this paper, we model the relationship between oil revenue and current account balance dynamics in Nigeria using quarterly data from 1987Q1 to 2015Q4. We employ both the Linear ARDL and Nonlinear ARDL models and we also account for multiple structural breaks using a test that allows for multiple structural changes in regression models. The following were noticed from our analyses. First, we observe the existence of an asymmetric effect on the current account balance both in the short and long run. Second, accounting for structural breaks play an important role when modelling the relationship between oil revenue and current account balance. Third, the paper finds that oil revenue has a significant positive effect on current account balance, however, puzzling that both positive and negative shocks affect the current account balance in the same manner. Overall, the positive changes in oil revenue have considerably larger impact than negative changes. The implications for policy are designed based on gathered findings.

This study focused on the Child Rights Act and how relevant stakeholders, institutions and agenci... more This study focused on the Child Rights Act and how relevant stakeholders, institutions and agencies have been
able to guarantee the attainment of these rights through budgetary provisions. Therefore, the main objective of
this study is to determine the effects of public healthcare expenditure on the attainment of these rights. To this
end, the study employed the Grossman human capital development model and fitted a time series data obtained
from World Development Indicators and CBN statistical bulletin using OLS and TSLS. In the process, we
observed that public healthcare expenditure has been on the increase, while the under-five mortality rate has
been falling but not in the same proportion. Secondly, we observed that public healthcare expenditure is
statistically significant with under-five mortality rate but with an infinitesimal magnitude of 0.017% (OLS) and
0.035% (TSLS). Public education expenditure is positively but has no statistically significant relationship with
primary school enrolment. It was discovered that the incidence of mortality is higher than the child school
enrolment. The findings also show that location and accessibility to both health and education facilities are
important in explaining under-five mortality and primary school enrolment respectively. We therefore suggest
that more proportion of the public healthcare expenditure should be allotted to the welfare of the under-five,
thereby fulfilling the Child Rights Act

This study focused on the Child Rights Act and how relevant stakeholders, institutions and agenci... more This study focused on the Child Rights Act and how relevant stakeholders, institutions and agencies have been able to guarantee the attainment of these rights through budgetary provisions. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to determine the effects of public healthcare expenditure on the attainment of these rights. To this end, the study employed the Grossman human capital development model and fitted a time series data obtained from World Development Indicators and CBN statistical bulletin using OLS and TSLS. In the process, we observed that public healthcare expenditure has been on the increase, while the under-five mortality rate has been falling but not in the same proportion. Secondly, we observed that public healthcare expenditure is statistically significant with under-five mortality rate but with an infinitesimal magnitude of 0.017% (OLS) and 0.035% (TSLS). Public education expenditure is positively but has no statistically significant relationship with primary school enrolment. It was discovered that the incidence of mortality is higher than the child school enrolment. The findings also show that location and accessibility to both health and education facilities are important in explaining under-five mortality and primary school enrolment respectively. We therefore suggest that more proportion of the public healthcare expenditure should be allotted to the welfare of the under-five, thereby fulfilling the Child Rights Act.

SN Business & Economics, Jun 26, 2024

Research Square (Research Square), Sep 13, 2022

Economic openness has been argued to be an enabler of growth when supported with appropriate poli... more Economic openness has been argued to be an enabler of growth when supported with appropriate policies. This study investigates the effects of economic openness on economic growth in Nigeria. It also assesses the role of institutions in enabling the relationship between economic openness and economic growth. Using annual series, vector error correction model and causality test, the study shows that economic openness have positive but insigni cant effect on economic growth. With the inclusion of institutional quality, the relationship between economic (trade and nancial) openness and economic growth shows weak signi cance, however with negative effect. The implication of these ndings is that activities put in place to ensure free ow of goods and services and capital in ows have not contributed signi cantly to economic growth. Furthermore, efforts to ensure government effectiveness have not fully translated into ensuring improved economic growth and current quality of institution might not necessarily ensure a stronger economic openness-economic growth nexus. The study recommends improved ows of goods and services with special focus on import reduction and export promotion and also recommends the promotion of stronger and quality institutions that is able to make relevant trade and nancial liberalization policies that will not distort but improve economic growth signi cantly.

Journal of economics and sustainable development, 2017

This study focused on the Child Rights Act and how relevant stakeholders, institutions and agenci... more This study focused on the Child Rights Act and how relevant stakeholders, institutions and agencies have been able to guarantee the attainment of these rights through budgetary provisions. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to determine the effects of public healthcare expenditure on the attainment of these rights. To this end, the study employed the Grossman human capital development model and fitted a time series data obtained from World Development Indicators and CBN statistical bulletin using OLS and TSLS. In the process, we observed that public healthcare expenditure has been on the increase, while the under-five mortality rate has been falling but not in the same proportion. Secondly, we observed that public healthcare expenditure is statistically significant with under-five mortality rate but with an infinitesimal magnitude of 0.017% (OLS) and 0.035% (TSLS). Public education expenditure is positively but has no statistically significant relationship with primary school enrolment. It was discovered that the incidence of mortality is higher than the child school enrolment. The findings also show that location and accessibility to both health and education facilities are important in explaining under-five mortality and primary school enrolment respectively. We therefore suggest that more proportion of the public healthcare expenditure should be allotted to the welfare of the under-five, thereby fulfilling the Child Rights Act.

In this paper, we model the relationship between fiscal deficit and inflation for Nigeria using a... more In this paper, we model the relationship between fiscal deficit and inflation for Nigeria using annual data from 1980 to 2019. We employ the Linear ARDL approach and also account for structural breaks using the Bai and Perron (2003) test that allows for multiple structural changes in regression models. The paper finds that fiscal deficit is a major determinant of inflation along with other macroeconomic factors considered in the study. However, we observe that it may be necessary to pre-test for structural breaks when modelling the relationship between fiscal deficit and price level as it performs better than when structural events are not considered. The results imply that a fiscal management process that does not encourage increased revenue and reduce fiscal deficits in Nigeria will further worsen the level of inflation in the country.

Ekonomski anali, 2021

In this paper, we model the relationship between fiscal deficit and inflation for Nigeria using a... more In this paper, we model the relationship between fiscal deficit and inflation for Nigeria using annual data from 1980 to 2016. We employ the linear ARDL approach and account for structural breaks using the Bai and Perron (2003) test that allows for multiple structural changes in regression models. The paper finds that the fiscal deficit is a major determinant of inflation along with other macroeconomic factors considered in the study. However, we observe that it may be necessary to pretest for structural breaks when modelling the relationship between the fiscal deficit and the price level, as it performs better than when structural events are not considered. The results imply that a fiscal management process that does not encourage increased revenue and reduce fiscal deficits will further worsen the level of inflation in the country.

Acta Universitatis Danubius: Oeconomica, 2019

The problem of debt overhang is becoming intractable in Nigeria. It is believed that the rising t... more The problem of debt overhang is becoming intractable in Nigeria. It is believed that the rising trend of domestic debt is determined by some factors. The paper empirically investigates the variables influencing domestic debt. Prior literature on debt had focused on external debt. Literature on domestic debt had just examined its impact on economic growth. Multivariate vector error correction framework was used to analyze data obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria, World Bank National Accounts Data and Debt Management Office between 1970 and 2015. Domestic debt investor base swings between the deposit money bank and the non-bank public. Lagged values of budget deficit, external debt and GDP growth rate explains current domestic debt in the short run. There exist bi-directional granger causalities between domestic debt and budget deficit, domestic debt and external debt and domestic debt and GDP growth rate. The study recommends reasonable budget cut, redirection of fiscal deficit int...

Future Business Journal, 2020

The misconception of services as being non-productive has led to the neglect of the service secto... more The misconception of services as being non-productive has led to the neglect of the service sector in both economic theory and applied economic researches. The Nigerian economy highly depends on the oil sector to generate revenue for the entire economy. This study examines the response of economic growth to the dynamics of the service sector in Nigeria from the windows of governance indicators. Using annual data series, endogenous growth model, and autoregressive distributed lag technique, transportation and communication service subsector is significant and positively related to economic growth. Health service subsector and transportation and communication subservice sector are significant and positively related to economic growth when governance indicators were accounted for. Interaction of the subservice sectors with governance indicators shows that none of the service subsectors were significant but were positively related to economic growth. The study shows that the activities ...

African Journal of Applied Statistics, 2019

Antenatal Care (ANC) among pregnant women is one of the greatest important factors in reducing ma... more Antenatal Care (ANC) among pregnant women is one of the greatest important factors in reducing maternal morbidity, mortality, birth injuries and other puerperal issues. In this paper, factors affecting utilization of ANC services, availability of these services, women perception towards it, level of awareness, attendance rate, sources and types of information on antenatal care services among women of reproductive age were investigated. Descriptive analysis such as tables, pie and bar charts was used for the presentation of socio-demographic and research variables. The test of hypotheses (test of association) between women use of ANC health-services and some demographic variables such as age, education, spouse education, religion and others was also carried out at 5% level of significance.

Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2011

Foreign trade plays a vital in restructuring economic and social attributes of countries around t... more Foreign trade plays a vital in restructuring economic and social attributes of countries around the world. The workings of an economy in terms of growth rate and per capita income have been based on the domestic production, consumption activities and in ...

In this paper, we model the relationship between oil revenue and current account balance dynamics... more In this paper, we model the relationship between oil revenue and current account balance dynamics in Nigeria using quarterly data from 1987Q1 to 2015Q4. We employ both the Linear ARDL and Nonlinear ARDL models and we also account for multiple structural breaks using a test that allows for multiple structural changes in regression models. The following were noticed from our analyses. First, we observe the existence of an asymmetric effect on the current account balance both in the short and long run. Second, accounting for structural breaks play an important role when modelling the relationship between oil revenue and current account balance. Third, the paper finds that oil revenue has a significant positive effect on current account balance, however, puzzling that both positive and negative shocks affect the current account balance in the same manner. Overall, the positive changes in oil revenue have considerably larger impact than negative changes. The implications for policy are d...

Future Business Journal, 2020

The misconception of services as being non-productive has led to the neglect of the service secto... more The misconception of services as being non-productive has led to the neglect of the service sector in both economic theory and applied economic researches. The Nigerian economy highly depends on the oil sector to generate revenue for the entire economy. This study examines the response of economic growth to the dynamics of the service sector in Nigeria from the windows of governance indicators. Using annual data series, endogenous growth model, and autoregressive distributed lag technique, transportation and communication service subsector is significant and positively related to economic growth. Health service subsector and transportation and communication subservice sector are significant and positively related to economic growth when governance indicators were accounted for. Interaction of the subservice sectors with governance indicators shows that none of the service subsectors were significant but were positively related to economic growth. The study shows that the activities of the education subsec-tor have not contributed significantly to economic growth. Thus, for education to contribute positively to economic growth there is a need for increase in budgetary allocation to education subsector. Efforts made to control corruption and promote government effectiveness should be reviewed frequently to checkmate the processes of governance, so that bureaucratic processes would not hinder services from contributing significantly to economic growth.

African Journal of Applied Statistics, 6 (1), 2019

Antenatal Care (ANC) among pregnant women is one of the greatest important factors in reducing ma... more Antenatal Care (ANC) among pregnant women is one of the greatest important factors in reducing maternal morbidity, mortality, birth injuries and other puerperal issues. In this paper, factors affecting utilization of ANC services, availability of these services, women perception towards it, level of awareness, attendance rate, sources and types of information on antenatal care services among women of reproductive age were investigated. Descriptive analysis such as tables, pie and bar charts was used for the presentation of socio-demographic and research variables. The test of hypotheses (test of association) between women use of ANC health-services and some demographic variables such as age, education, spouse education, religion and others was also carried out at 5% level of significance.

ACTA UNIVERSITATIS DANUBIUS 15( 2) , 2019

The problem of debt overhang is becoming intractable in Nigeria. It is believed that the rising t... more The problem of debt overhang is becoming intractable in Nigeria. It is believed that the rising trend of domestic debt is determined by some factors. The paper empirically investigates the variables influencing domestic debt. Prior literature on debt had focused on external debt. Literature on domestic debt had just examined its impact on economic growth. Multivariate vector error correction framework was used to analyze data obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria, World Bank National Accounts Data and Debt Management Office between 1970 and 2015. Domestic debt investor base swings between the deposit money bank and the non-bank public. Lagged values of budget deficit, external debt and GDP growth rate explains current domestic debt in the short run. There exist bi-directional granger causalities between domestic debt and budget deficit, domestic debt and external debt and domestic debt and GDP growth rate. The study recommends reasonable budget cut, redirection of fiscal deficit into productive capital expenditure, eliminating recurrent fiscal financing and thereby utilizing rising domestic debt. The study contributes to existing knowledge on domestic debt and affirmed that budget deficit, financial deepening of an economy, external debt, interest rate and GDP growth rate has a long run relationship with domestic debt in Nigeria.

SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business 68(4), 2018

In this paper, we model the relationship between oil revenue and current account balance dynamics... more In this paper, we model the relationship between oil revenue and current account balance dynamics in Nigeria using quarterly data from 1987Q1 to 2015Q4. We employ both the Linear ARDL and Nonlinear ARDL models and we also account for multiple structural breaks using a test that allows for multiple structural changes in regression models. The following were noticed from our analyses. First, we observe the existence of an asymmetric effect on the current account balance both in the short and long run. Second, accounting for structural breaks play an important role when modelling the relationship between oil revenue and current account balance. Third, the paper finds that oil revenue has a significant positive effect on current account balance, however, puzzling that both positive and negative shocks affect the current account balance in the same manner. Overall, the positive changes in oil revenue have considerably larger impact than negative changes. The implications for policy are designed based on gathered findings.

This study focused on the Child Rights Act and how relevant stakeholders, institutions and agenci... more This study focused on the Child Rights Act and how relevant stakeholders, institutions and agencies have been
able to guarantee the attainment of these rights through budgetary provisions. Therefore, the main objective of
this study is to determine the effects of public healthcare expenditure on the attainment of these rights. To this
end, the study employed the Grossman human capital development model and fitted a time series data obtained
from World Development Indicators and CBN statistical bulletin using OLS and TSLS. In the process, we
observed that public healthcare expenditure has been on the increase, while the under-five mortality rate has
been falling but not in the same proportion. Secondly, we observed that public healthcare expenditure is
statistically significant with under-five mortality rate but with an infinitesimal magnitude of 0.017% (OLS) and
0.035% (TSLS). Public education expenditure is positively but has no statistically significant relationship with
primary school enrolment. It was discovered that the incidence of mortality is higher than the child school
enrolment. The findings also show that location and accessibility to both health and education facilities are
important in explaining under-five mortality and primary school enrolment respectively. We therefore suggest
that more proportion of the public healthcare expenditure should be allotted to the welfare of the under-five,
thereby fulfilling the Child Rights Act

This study focused on the Child Rights Act and how relevant stakeholders, institutions and agenci... more This study focused on the Child Rights Act and how relevant stakeholders, institutions and agencies have been able to guarantee the attainment of these rights through budgetary provisions. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to determine the effects of public healthcare expenditure on the attainment of these rights. To this end, the study employed the Grossman human capital development model and fitted a time series data obtained from World Development Indicators and CBN statistical bulletin using OLS and TSLS. In the process, we observed that public healthcare expenditure has been on the increase, while the under-five mortality rate has been falling but not in the same proportion. Secondly, we observed that public healthcare expenditure is statistically significant with under-five mortality rate but with an infinitesimal magnitude of 0.017% (OLS) and 0.035% (TSLS). Public education expenditure is positively but has no statistically significant relationship with primary school enrolment. It was discovered that the incidence of mortality is higher than the child school enrolment. The findings also show that location and accessibility to both health and education facilities are important in explaining under-five mortality and primary school enrolment respectively. We therefore suggest that more proportion of the public healthcare expenditure should be allotted to the welfare of the under-five, thereby fulfilling the Child Rights Act.