A. Al-ghandoor - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by A. Al-ghandoor

ABSTRACT Industrial electricity demand is responsible for about 31% of total electricity demand i... more ABSTRACT Industrial electricity demand is responsible for about 31% of total electricity demand in Jordan. This paper analyzes the changes in industrial electricity demand during 1998-2005 years and identifies the factors affecting this demand. In order to gain greater insight into past electricity use changes, a Laspeyers decomposition approach was used to disaggregate changes in the electricity demand of the Jordanian industrial sector into production, structural, and efficiency effects. To accomplish the objectives of this paper, the Jordanian industrial sector was disaggregated into seven sub-sectors: mining of chemical and fertilizer minerals, paper, plastics, petroleum, cement, iron and steel, and others industries. A major finding of this paper is that although increased industrial production caused electricity demand to increase between 1998 and 2005, significant improvements in energy efficiency and structural shift have contributed to reducing the rate of this increase.

This paper highlights efforts to design and fabricate a lab-scale integrated module to generate a... more This paper highlights efforts to design and fabricate a lab-scale integrated module to generate and purify hydrogen from sea water obtained from Gulf of Aqaba in a totally green process. The electrochemical reactor performance was controlled and monitored online. Multiple regression analysis was used to produce a model to show the effect of panel temperature (Tc), solar irradiation (Ir) and current (I) on the production of hydrogen (Q): Q = 158.0047-0.37203×Tc 1.6 + 0.02923×Ir 1.4 + 0.006901×I 2 This model was selected according to the highest R 2 and R 2 adj and model significant according to ANOVA statistical analysis based on F-and P-tests. The produced hydrogen was further purified using a Pd-Cu membrane and the results revealed that the membrane was able to separate and purify hydrogen from the feed mixture with infinite selectivity in the studied range of variables.

ABSTRACT This paper proposes a system for the utilization of dissipated heat from the surfaces of... more ABSTRACT This paper proposes a system for the utilization of dissipated heat from the surfaces of cement processing kilns at the Jordan Cement Factories in heating heavy fuel oil used in the burning process of these kilns. It is proposed that this can be achieved by circulating thermal oil inside large coil-shaped tubing which is placed around the kiln's shell. The heated thermal oil then transfers the recovered heat to the heavy fuel oil inside a heat exchanger. This is intended to effectively reduce the cost of energy (both electricity and diesel fuel) currently used to heat the heavy fuel oil to facilitate its pumping to the processing kilns. The proposed system can also be considered as an environment-friendly system since it utilizes available wasted energy and reduces the resulting emissions of cement production processes.

With the rapid and sharp rise in energy prices in Jordan, energy cost is becoming a value that ca... more With the rapid and sharp rise in energy prices in Jordan, energy cost is becoming a value that cannot be ignored in the Jordan's industrial sector. However, there are still many practices adopted in industry that do not take energy efficiency as a prime consideration, but rather focus on immediate and direct savings in materials and machinery. This study examines

This study presents an analysis of the energy consumption patterns in 10 Arab countries: Saudi Ar... more This study presents an analysis of the energy consumption patterns in 10 Arab countries: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, and Algeria. Commonalities and variations between these countries are discussed and explained through key economic and energy indicators, and the relationship between the overall final energy consumption per capita and the GDP per capita is examined. The distribution of the final energy consumption across different sectors is also analysed, and the patterns of consumption in the industrial, transportation, and residential sectors are discussed with focus on the types of energy consumed, and the main drivers of this consumption. The findings and the conclusions of this study are believed to be beneficial to the national energy policy planners in identifying possible strengths, weaknesses, and areas of emphasis and improvement in their strategic energy plans.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009

As a small, non-oil producing, Middle Eastern country of a young and growing population and rapid... more As a small, non-oil producing, Middle Eastern country of a young and growing population and rapid urbanization, Jordan, like many countries all over the world, was and is still facing the problem of meeting the rapidly increasing demand of electricity. The main objective of this study is to review many current aspects of the Jordanian electricity sector, including electricity generation, electricity consumption, energy related emissions, and future possibilities, based on time series forecasting, through the term of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) arrangement under the Kyoto Protocol, in which the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan had signed lately, which allows industrialized countries with a greenhouse gas reduction commitment to invest in projects that reduce emissions in developing countries as an alternative to more expensive emission reductions in their own countries. Several scenarios are proposed in this study, based on projected electricity consumption data until year 2028....

Journal of the Energy Institute, 2010

A thermodynamic, one-zone, zero-dimensional computational model for a diesel engine is establishe... more A thermodynamic, one-zone, zero-dimensional computational model for a diesel engine is established in which a working fluid consisting of various gas mixtures has been implemented. The results were compared to those which use air as the working fluid with variable specific heats. Most of the parameters that are important for compression ignition engines, such as equivalence ratio, engine speed, maximum temperature, gas pressure, brake mean effective pressure and cycle thermal efficiency, have been studied. Furthermore, the effect of boost pressure was studied using both the gas mixture and dependent temperature air models. It was found that the temperature dependent air model overestimates the maximum temperature and cylinder pressure. For example, for the air model, the maximum temperature and cylinder pressure were about 1775 K and 93?5 bar respectively at 2500 rev min 21 , and the fuel/air equivalence ratio W50?6. On the other hand, when the gas mixture model is used under the same conditions, the maximum temperature and cylinder pressure were 1685 K and 87?5 bar respectively. This is reflected on the brake mean effective pressure and cycle thermal efficiency, which were both overestimated in the case of using the temperature dependent air model. The conclusions obtained in this study are useful when considering the design of diesel engines.

In this study two techniques, for modeling electricity consumption of the Jordanian industrial se... more In this study two techniques, for modeling electricity consumption of the Jordanian industrial sector, are presented: (i) multivariate linear regression and (ii) neuro-fuzzy models. Electricity consumption is modeled as function of different variables such as number of establishments, number of employees, electricity tariff, prevailing fuel prices, production outputs, capacity utilizations, and structural effects. It was found that industrial production and capacity utilization are the most important variables that have significant effect on future electrical power demand. The results showed that both the multivariate linear regression and neuro-fuzzy models are generally comparable and can be used adequately to simulate industrial electricity consumption. However, comparison that is based on the square root average squared error of data suggests that the neuro-fuzzy model performs slightly better for future prediction of electricity consumption than the multivariate linear regressi...

International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 2010

International Journal of Exergy, 2008

Department of Industrial Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13115, Jordan E-mail: ghand... more Department of Industrial Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13115, Jordan E-mail: ghandoor@hu.edu.jo *Corresponding author ... I. Al-Hinti, B. Akash and E. Abu-Nada ... Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13115, ...

International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, 2013

ABSTRACT This study presents a comparative energy and emissions analysis of 15 Arab countries. Th... more ABSTRACT This study presents a comparative energy and emissions analysis of 15 Arab countries. The relation between energy consumption, CO 2 emissions, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and population is analysed in each of these countries through various energy and CO 2 emission indicators: GDP Per Capita (GDPPC), TPES per capita (TPESPC), TPES/GDP, CO 2 /TPES, CO 2 per capita and CO 2 /GDP. This study also analyses the final energy consumption in these countries according to the type of energy used in addition to its distribution in different sectors.

International Journal of Energy Research, 2009

ABSTRACT This study analyzes changes in industrial aggregate electricity intensity, during the pe... more ABSTRACT This study analyzes changes in industrial aggregate electricity intensity, during the period 1998–2005, and identifies major factors affecting the aggregate electricity intensity change using the refined Laspeyers method decomposition technique. The Jordanian industrial sector was disaggregated into seven groups: mining of chemical and fertilizers, paper, plastics, petrochemical, cement, steel and others industries. Aggregate electricity intensity has decreased from approximately 1.30 to 0.93 kWh US$−1 in 1998 and 2005, respectively. The analysis showed that the structural and efficiency effects contribute to decreases of around 21 and 79%, respectively, of total aggregate electricity intensity decline in the industrial sector. Such result is considered of high importance for energy and/or electricity analysts and planners, in Jordan and other countries, especially for the purpose of forecasting future demand more logically and without unnecessary exaggerations. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

International Journal of Energy Research, 2008

ABSTRACT Two forecasting models are developed for forecasting the U.S. manufacturing aggregate fu... more ABSTRACT Two forecasting models are developed for forecasting the U.S. manufacturing aggregate fuel and electricity intensities. The models are both simple to apply and capable of identifying the effect of underlying forces of aggregate energy intensity change. The validation of the results provided by these models is performed by comparing these results with those rendered by conventional decomposition techniques based on economic index numbers. The results indicate that the aggregate fuel intensity is expected to decline by 3.2%yr−1 from the year 2000 to 2010, of which 1.1%yr−1 is due to structural effect, i.e. a share of 32.9% of aggregate fuel intensity change. The results also show that in the same period the aggregate electricity intensity is expected to decline at a rate of 1.2%yr−1, of which 0.6%yr−1 is due to structural effect, i.e. a share of 46.3% of aggregate electricity intensity change. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2010

This paper presents diesel engine simulation taking into consideration heat transfer and variable... more This paper presents diesel engine simulation taking into consideration heat transfer and variable specific heats. A dual Weibe function is used to model the heat release. It was found that early injection timing leads to higher levels of pressure and temperature in the cylinder. Also, it was found that BMEP is more sensitive to equivalence ratio than to engine speed. Higher values of equivalence ratio lead to lower thermal efficiency even an increase in the value of BMEP was revealed. For medium engine speeds between 2000 and 3000, it was found that the optimum equivalence ratio is between 0.5 and 0.7. However, for low engine speeds the optimum equivalence ratio was around 0.35. For high engine speeds the thermal efficiency was almost independent of equivalence ratios higher than 0.4.