Austin Cheyeka - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Austin Cheyeka

Research paper thumbnail of Tonga religious life in the twentieth century

Research paper thumbnail of The Lord Has Chosen New Wars": Marianist Brothers' Contribution to Moral and Integral Boys' Education in Zambia (1966-1991)

International journal of humanities, social sciences and education, 2023

BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT OF STUDY Christianity and formal education are two aspects of western civi... more BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT OF STUDY Christianity and formal education are two aspects of western civilisation, which contributed to the growing of the church in Africa. Gifford (1999) noted that, among other various Christian denominations that existed in Zambia, the Catholic Church has done a great deal in influencing and shaping Zambia"s Christian education. By 1950 the Catholic church had been established in the country for almost sixty years and a great deal had been achieved by missionaries in provision of education (Hinfelaar, 2004). Hinfelaar, 2004 adds that during this period (1950s) the interactions between the Catholic Church and the government had become so frequent and important that a permanent representation of the Church"s interest at the national level became necessary particularly in matters dealing with education. Hambulo (2014) and Carmody (2016) perceived the notion that, from the three historical stages [missionary, colonial and post-colonial]in educational provision in Zambia,it is evident that the Catholic Church has been a loyal partner to various governments in the provision of education. The Catholic mission schools served as agents of conversion (Carmody, 2016).It is from this background that the study was conducted to examine the contribution Marianist Brothers made to moral and integral boys" education in Zambia. The Marianist religious order was among missionary groups which came after other earlier missionaries had established themselves in Zambia and after the Vatican Council sentMonsignor Arthur Hinsley whose visit to Africa was to encourage more missionary groups to expand and reach out Africa (Carmody, 2021).However, this sidetracked with the national of Zambia at its independence which realised the need for secondary education which was not a priority to the colonial administrators. Most importantly it happened in the 1960s after Pope John Paul VI in Rome put out a

Research paper thumbnail of The Lord Has Chosen New Wars": Marianist Brothers' Contribution to Moral and Integral Boys' Education in Zambia (1966-1991)

International Journal of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education

BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT OF STUDY Christianity and formal education are two aspects of western civi... more BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT OF STUDY Christianity and formal education are two aspects of western civilisation, which contributed to the growing of the church in Africa. Gifford (1999) noted that, among other various Christian denominations that existed in Zambia, the Catholic Church has done a great deal in influencing and shaping Zambia"s Christian education. By 1950 the Catholic church had been established in the country for almost sixty years and a great deal had been achieved by missionaries in provision of education (Hinfelaar, 2004). Hinfelaar, 2004 adds that during this period (1950s) the interactions between the Catholic Church and the government had become so frequent and important that a permanent representation of the Church"s interest at the national level became necessary particularly in matters dealing with education. Hambulo (2014) and Carmody (2016) perceived the notion that, from the three historical stages [missionary, colonial and post-colonial]in educational provision in Zambia,it is evident that the Catholic Church has been a loyal partner to various governments in the provision of education. The Catholic mission schools served as agents of conversion (Carmody, 2016).It is from this background that the study was conducted to examine the contribution Marianist Brothers made to moral and integral boys" education in Zambia. The Marianist religious order was among missionary groups which came after other earlier missionaries had established themselves in Zambia and after the Vatican Council sentMonsignor Arthur Hinsley whose visit to Africa was to encourage more missionary groups to expand and reach out Africa (Carmody, 2021).However, this sidetracked with the national of Zambia at its independence which realised the need for secondary education which was not a priority to the colonial administrators. Most importantly it happened in the 1960s after Pope John Paul VI in Rome put out a

Research paper thumbnail of Awareness of School Based Self-Evaluation for Quality Management

International Journal of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education, 2018

The paper discusses the awareness of stakeholders in schools of school based self-evaluation in a... more The paper discusses the awareness of stakeholders in schools of school based self-evaluation in assuring quality management in twenty (20) selected public secondary schools in Lusaka Province, Zambia. The study was guided by Deming"s Total Quality Management theory. According to Deming"s Total Quality Management theory, the framework for transforming schools was based on his 14 TQM principles. Bonstingl (2001) outlined Deming"s TQM principles he believed were most salient to education reform. He called them the "Four Pillars of Total Quality Management." These were synergies of relationships, continuous improvement and self-evaluation, system ongoing process and leadership. According to Bonstingl (2001) in his first pillar, an organization was to focus, first and foremost, on its suppliers and customers. In a TQM organization, everyone was both a customer and supplier; this confusing concept emphasized "the systematic nature of the work in which all were involved". Kelchner (2008) concurred with Bonstingl (2001) by defining Total Quality Management as a system of continuous improvement that involved all workers in a business from upper management to production line workers. In other words, teamwork and collaboration were essential. Murray (2014) agreed to the definition by Kelchner (2008) by stating that "TQM took into account all quality measures taken at all levels and involving all company employees. Based on the above pillars, SBSE can be achieved with the involvement of all stakeholders which includes administrators, teacher, pupils and support staff in a school. The study endeavoured to establish how aware the stakeholders were that SBSE was being implemented in their schools.

Research paper thumbnail of Experiences of meaning in life in urban and rural Zambia

Archive for the Psychology of Religion

Meaning in life has become an important topic in empirical research in the psychology of religion... more Meaning in life has become an important topic in empirical research in the psychology of religion. Although it has been studied and found applicable in many different contexts, research on meaning in life and sources of meaning in African countries is scarce. This study qualitatively investigates understandings and experiences of meaning in life and sources of meaning among urban and village dwellers with different educational backgrounds in Zambia. Seven focus group interviews (total N = 52) were conducted and analysed, drawing on Schnell’s model of meaning in life and sources of meaning. The results indicate that the concept of meaning in life is relevant to both urban and village dwellers in Zambia. Meaning experiences and sources of meaning are associated with certain life domains: relationships; religion; education and work; leisure activities; and health and survival. Each life domain includes several fundamental sources of meaning, which can be related to Schnell’s four dimen...

Research paper thumbnail of Towards A History Of The Charismatic Churches In Post-Colonial Zambia

One Zambia, Many Histories

This chapter stimulates scholarship on the development of the Charismatic movement in Zambia and ... more This chapter stimulates scholarship on the development of the Charismatic movement in Zambia and is organized around two particular issues, the reasons that are contributing to the growth of Charismatic churches and the moot question of their leaders' involvement in the political affairs of the country. It focuses on the assumption that the period from the 1970s to the present forms a distinct phase in Zambia's religious history. While there is a wealth of scholarly literature on the major mainline or classical churches in Zambia, there has hardly been a satisfactory historical treatment of the Charismatic movement. Zambia's Christianity has been described in terms of the three 'mother bodies' which are deemed to represent ordinary Christians in public matters of the country. The period from 1970 to 1980 was a decade of Christian growth in the country. By 1980, Zambian Christians constituted 72% of the country's population. Keywords: Charismatic churches; Charismatic movement; post-colonial Zambia

Research paper thumbnail of Conversion to Pentecostalism in Zambia

Religious Conversion: An African Perspective

Research paper thumbnail of Religious Marketing and Church-Related Universities in the Public Media in Zambia

Zambia Journal of Religion and Contemporary Issues (ZJRCI) - ISSN Online: 2709-6963, ISSN Print: 2411-6254, Jul 21, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of From “White Fathers” to “Black Fathers” in Kasama and Mpika Dioceses in Zambia

Zambia Social Science Journal, 2021

Employing the missiological theory of Henry Venn (1796-1873) and Rufus Anderson (1796-1880) on in... more Employing the missiological theory of Henry Venn (1796-1873) and Rufus Anderson (1796-1880) on indigenisation of churches, this article explores the lived experiences of black Zambian Catholic clergymen, nuns, catechists and lay people at some of the mission stations that were once in the hands of Missionaries of Africa, popularly known as White Fathers, from 1891to1991 in the Archdiocese of Kasama and Diocese of Mpika. To write about the White Fathers from the point of view of our interviewees accords us an auspicious opportunity to pay tribute to Fr. Hugo Hinfelaar to whom this article and this particular issue of the Zambia Journal of Social Sciences is dedicated. Having arrived in Zambia as a young Dutch White Father missionary in 1958, Fr. Hinfelaar desired to understand the culture of the Bemba people among whom he was working. He, therefore, became a serious field worker-an anthropologist, historian and theologian. He retired and returned home in 2014, after having contributed to the efforts of indigenising the Catholic Church's clergy and inculturation of the Catholic faith in the country. The article demonstrates that the indigenisation of Kasama and Mpika Dioceses was incomplete. This is because, of the "three selves": self-propagating church, self-sustaining church and self-governing church in the indigenisation theory, the self-sustaining church has not been realised according to the respondents, although some of them spoke of the White Fathers having accomplished their mission. This article proposes a reengagement with the discourse of 'self-sustainability' which has largely been abandoned by local Catholic theologians. However, it is now an issue which has become all too apparent to be ignored as the Catholic Church becomes more and more indigenised, at least in terms of its clergy. This article proposes a new theme in Church history in Zambia, namely, the localisation of the personnel and self-sustainability in the Catholic Church in Zambia.

Research paper thumbnail of Driving the Process or Driven by the Process? The Transformation of Nkrumah College of Education into Nkrumah University College

ZANGO - Journal of Contemporary Issues, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Challenging the state: Catholic clergymen as political actors in Zambia, 1991-2002

Research paper thumbnail of The Withdraw of European Missionaries from St. Anthony's Catholic Secondary School: What are the Implications?

The Journal of Humanities - The University of Zambia, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Ng'angas - Zambian Healers-Diviners and their Relationship with Pentecostal Christianity: The Intermingling of Pre-Christian Beliefs and Christianity

Journal for the Study of Religion, 2021

The aim of the article is to establish if pre-Christian beliefs in Zambia are influencing the Pen... more The aim of the article is to establish if pre-Christian beliefs in Zambia are influencing the Pentecostal Christianity, and to establish what the healers-diviners' relationship with different Pentecostal churches is. During field studies undertaken by both authors, it has been established that many Bantu speaking people still believe in some aspects of their native religions, especially in the powers of the ancestral spirits. Christianity is the dominant religion in Zambia, but it is far from homogenous. Apart from world religions like Roman Catholicism and Protestantism, there is a plethora of Pentecostal, Charismatic, and grassroot churches, many of them not immune to ancient spirit veneration. People who are believed to cooperate with spirits are called healers-diviners who are believed to be called to their profession by spirits. A great majority is Christian who combines Christianity with their native beliefs. The field studies in 2021 were sponsored by the Polish National ...

Research paper thumbnail of Charismatic churches and their impact on mainline churches in Zambia

Research paper thumbnail of on Youth , H IV / AIDS and Indigenous Know ledges in Africa

Research paper thumbnail of Teaching zambian traditional religions in religious education: methodological considerations

Trainers of Religious Education (RE) teachers in Zambia have not seriously thought about and arti... more Trainers of Religious Education (RE) teachers in Zambia have not seriously thought about and articulated the teaching of Zambian Traditional Religions (ZTRs) in RE. No doubt they have familiarised trainee RE teachers with ‘neutral’, ‘plural’, ‘confessional’, ‘phenomenological’, ‘personalist’ and ‘existential’ and other approaches to teaching RE, but there is still a huge problem with the teaching of ZTRs. This article intends to discourage teachers from teaching ZTRs as if they were Christianity. The article brings to the fore a real problem in 21 st century Zambian education system and advances the view that ZTRs should be taught as they are, without simultaneously comparing them to other religions. Even the argument that ZTRs have changed and have been Christianised does not at all warrant teachers to present ZTRs to learners in the Christian idiom.

Research paper thumbnail of Promoting good governance and the common good in 20th Century Zambia: the role of the Church and civil society

Research paper thumbnail of Religious Education in Zambia at Fifty Years of Independence and Beyond: Achievements and Challenges

Research paper thumbnail of Irrational or rational? indigenous Bantu knowledge about HIV/AIDS in Zambian communities

Research paper thumbnail of The Definition of a Catholic School: A Catholic Educational Policy Perspective

The motivation for this article is drawn from the current status quo regarding some key stakehold... more The motivation for this article is drawn from the current status quo regarding some key stakeholders of Catholic education who lack sufficient understanding of ‘the definition of a Catholic school’ or exactly what the term ‘Catholic School’ entails. This is because they mostly define a ‘Catholic School’ in limited or restricted terms or just as ‘one run by the Catholic Church’. In as much as such a definition is somewhat correct regarding that which a ‘Catholic school’ is, it does not give a holistic or adequate meaning of a ‘Catholic School’. Further, such a definition is limited and lacks a holistic definition of such schools because they are complexities involving various key features which combining to form the true identity of ‘Catholic Schools’ worldwide. Due to the current status quo regarding the insufficient understanding of what is meant by the term ‘Catholic School’ by some key stakeholders of Catholic education in Zambia, a desk review was conducted to investigate exactl...

Research paper thumbnail of Tonga religious life in the twentieth century

Research paper thumbnail of The Lord Has Chosen New Wars": Marianist Brothers' Contribution to Moral and Integral Boys' Education in Zambia (1966-1991)

International journal of humanities, social sciences and education, 2023

BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT OF STUDY Christianity and formal education are two aspects of western civi... more BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT OF STUDY Christianity and formal education are two aspects of western civilisation, which contributed to the growing of the church in Africa. Gifford (1999) noted that, among other various Christian denominations that existed in Zambia, the Catholic Church has done a great deal in influencing and shaping Zambia"s Christian education. By 1950 the Catholic church had been established in the country for almost sixty years and a great deal had been achieved by missionaries in provision of education (Hinfelaar, 2004). Hinfelaar, 2004 adds that during this period (1950s) the interactions between the Catholic Church and the government had become so frequent and important that a permanent representation of the Church"s interest at the national level became necessary particularly in matters dealing with education. Hambulo (2014) and Carmody (2016) perceived the notion that, from the three historical stages [missionary, colonial and post-colonial]in educational provision in Zambia,it is evident that the Catholic Church has been a loyal partner to various governments in the provision of education. The Catholic mission schools served as agents of conversion (Carmody, 2016).It is from this background that the study was conducted to examine the contribution Marianist Brothers made to moral and integral boys" education in Zambia. The Marianist religious order was among missionary groups which came after other earlier missionaries had established themselves in Zambia and after the Vatican Council sentMonsignor Arthur Hinsley whose visit to Africa was to encourage more missionary groups to expand and reach out Africa (Carmody, 2021).However, this sidetracked with the national of Zambia at its independence which realised the need for secondary education which was not a priority to the colonial administrators. Most importantly it happened in the 1960s after Pope John Paul VI in Rome put out a

Research paper thumbnail of The Lord Has Chosen New Wars": Marianist Brothers' Contribution to Moral and Integral Boys' Education in Zambia (1966-1991)

International Journal of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education

BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT OF STUDY Christianity and formal education are two aspects of western civi... more BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT OF STUDY Christianity and formal education are two aspects of western civilisation, which contributed to the growing of the church in Africa. Gifford (1999) noted that, among other various Christian denominations that existed in Zambia, the Catholic Church has done a great deal in influencing and shaping Zambia"s Christian education. By 1950 the Catholic church had been established in the country for almost sixty years and a great deal had been achieved by missionaries in provision of education (Hinfelaar, 2004). Hinfelaar, 2004 adds that during this period (1950s) the interactions between the Catholic Church and the government had become so frequent and important that a permanent representation of the Church"s interest at the national level became necessary particularly in matters dealing with education. Hambulo (2014) and Carmody (2016) perceived the notion that, from the three historical stages [missionary, colonial and post-colonial]in educational provision in Zambia,it is evident that the Catholic Church has been a loyal partner to various governments in the provision of education. The Catholic mission schools served as agents of conversion (Carmody, 2016).It is from this background that the study was conducted to examine the contribution Marianist Brothers made to moral and integral boys" education in Zambia. The Marianist religious order was among missionary groups which came after other earlier missionaries had established themselves in Zambia and after the Vatican Council sentMonsignor Arthur Hinsley whose visit to Africa was to encourage more missionary groups to expand and reach out Africa (Carmody, 2021).However, this sidetracked with the national of Zambia at its independence which realised the need for secondary education which was not a priority to the colonial administrators. Most importantly it happened in the 1960s after Pope John Paul VI in Rome put out a

Research paper thumbnail of Awareness of School Based Self-Evaluation for Quality Management

International Journal of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education, 2018

The paper discusses the awareness of stakeholders in schools of school based self-evaluation in a... more The paper discusses the awareness of stakeholders in schools of school based self-evaluation in assuring quality management in twenty (20) selected public secondary schools in Lusaka Province, Zambia. The study was guided by Deming"s Total Quality Management theory. According to Deming"s Total Quality Management theory, the framework for transforming schools was based on his 14 TQM principles. Bonstingl (2001) outlined Deming"s TQM principles he believed were most salient to education reform. He called them the "Four Pillars of Total Quality Management." These were synergies of relationships, continuous improvement and self-evaluation, system ongoing process and leadership. According to Bonstingl (2001) in his first pillar, an organization was to focus, first and foremost, on its suppliers and customers. In a TQM organization, everyone was both a customer and supplier; this confusing concept emphasized "the systematic nature of the work in which all were involved". Kelchner (2008) concurred with Bonstingl (2001) by defining Total Quality Management as a system of continuous improvement that involved all workers in a business from upper management to production line workers. In other words, teamwork and collaboration were essential. Murray (2014) agreed to the definition by Kelchner (2008) by stating that "TQM took into account all quality measures taken at all levels and involving all company employees. Based on the above pillars, SBSE can be achieved with the involvement of all stakeholders which includes administrators, teacher, pupils and support staff in a school. The study endeavoured to establish how aware the stakeholders were that SBSE was being implemented in their schools.

Research paper thumbnail of Experiences of meaning in life in urban and rural Zambia

Archive for the Psychology of Religion

Meaning in life has become an important topic in empirical research in the psychology of religion... more Meaning in life has become an important topic in empirical research in the psychology of religion. Although it has been studied and found applicable in many different contexts, research on meaning in life and sources of meaning in African countries is scarce. This study qualitatively investigates understandings and experiences of meaning in life and sources of meaning among urban and village dwellers with different educational backgrounds in Zambia. Seven focus group interviews (total N = 52) were conducted and analysed, drawing on Schnell’s model of meaning in life and sources of meaning. The results indicate that the concept of meaning in life is relevant to both urban and village dwellers in Zambia. Meaning experiences and sources of meaning are associated with certain life domains: relationships; religion; education and work; leisure activities; and health and survival. Each life domain includes several fundamental sources of meaning, which can be related to Schnell’s four dimen...

Research paper thumbnail of Towards A History Of The Charismatic Churches In Post-Colonial Zambia

One Zambia, Many Histories

This chapter stimulates scholarship on the development of the Charismatic movement in Zambia and ... more This chapter stimulates scholarship on the development of the Charismatic movement in Zambia and is organized around two particular issues, the reasons that are contributing to the growth of Charismatic churches and the moot question of their leaders' involvement in the political affairs of the country. It focuses on the assumption that the period from the 1970s to the present forms a distinct phase in Zambia's religious history. While there is a wealth of scholarly literature on the major mainline or classical churches in Zambia, there has hardly been a satisfactory historical treatment of the Charismatic movement. Zambia's Christianity has been described in terms of the three 'mother bodies' which are deemed to represent ordinary Christians in public matters of the country. The period from 1970 to 1980 was a decade of Christian growth in the country. By 1980, Zambian Christians constituted 72% of the country's population. Keywords: Charismatic churches; Charismatic movement; post-colonial Zambia

Research paper thumbnail of Conversion to Pentecostalism in Zambia

Religious Conversion: An African Perspective

Research paper thumbnail of Religious Marketing and Church-Related Universities in the Public Media in Zambia

Zambia Journal of Religion and Contemporary Issues (ZJRCI) - ISSN Online: 2709-6963, ISSN Print: 2411-6254, Jul 21, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of From “White Fathers” to “Black Fathers” in Kasama and Mpika Dioceses in Zambia

Zambia Social Science Journal, 2021

Employing the missiological theory of Henry Venn (1796-1873) and Rufus Anderson (1796-1880) on in... more Employing the missiological theory of Henry Venn (1796-1873) and Rufus Anderson (1796-1880) on indigenisation of churches, this article explores the lived experiences of black Zambian Catholic clergymen, nuns, catechists and lay people at some of the mission stations that were once in the hands of Missionaries of Africa, popularly known as White Fathers, from 1891to1991 in the Archdiocese of Kasama and Diocese of Mpika. To write about the White Fathers from the point of view of our interviewees accords us an auspicious opportunity to pay tribute to Fr. Hugo Hinfelaar to whom this article and this particular issue of the Zambia Journal of Social Sciences is dedicated. Having arrived in Zambia as a young Dutch White Father missionary in 1958, Fr. Hinfelaar desired to understand the culture of the Bemba people among whom he was working. He, therefore, became a serious field worker-an anthropologist, historian and theologian. He retired and returned home in 2014, after having contributed to the efforts of indigenising the Catholic Church's clergy and inculturation of the Catholic faith in the country. The article demonstrates that the indigenisation of Kasama and Mpika Dioceses was incomplete. This is because, of the "three selves": self-propagating church, self-sustaining church and self-governing church in the indigenisation theory, the self-sustaining church has not been realised according to the respondents, although some of them spoke of the White Fathers having accomplished their mission. This article proposes a reengagement with the discourse of 'self-sustainability' which has largely been abandoned by local Catholic theologians. However, it is now an issue which has become all too apparent to be ignored as the Catholic Church becomes more and more indigenised, at least in terms of its clergy. This article proposes a new theme in Church history in Zambia, namely, the localisation of the personnel and self-sustainability in the Catholic Church in Zambia.

Research paper thumbnail of Driving the Process or Driven by the Process? The Transformation of Nkrumah College of Education into Nkrumah University College

ZANGO - Journal of Contemporary Issues, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Challenging the state: Catholic clergymen as political actors in Zambia, 1991-2002

Research paper thumbnail of The Withdraw of European Missionaries from St. Anthony's Catholic Secondary School: What are the Implications?

The Journal of Humanities - The University of Zambia, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Ng'angas - Zambian Healers-Diviners and their Relationship with Pentecostal Christianity: The Intermingling of Pre-Christian Beliefs and Christianity

Journal for the Study of Religion, 2021

The aim of the article is to establish if pre-Christian beliefs in Zambia are influencing the Pen... more The aim of the article is to establish if pre-Christian beliefs in Zambia are influencing the Pentecostal Christianity, and to establish what the healers-diviners' relationship with different Pentecostal churches is. During field studies undertaken by both authors, it has been established that many Bantu speaking people still believe in some aspects of their native religions, especially in the powers of the ancestral spirits. Christianity is the dominant religion in Zambia, but it is far from homogenous. Apart from world religions like Roman Catholicism and Protestantism, there is a plethora of Pentecostal, Charismatic, and grassroot churches, many of them not immune to ancient spirit veneration. People who are believed to cooperate with spirits are called healers-diviners who are believed to be called to their profession by spirits. A great majority is Christian who combines Christianity with their native beliefs. The field studies in 2021 were sponsored by the Polish National ...

Research paper thumbnail of Charismatic churches and their impact on mainline churches in Zambia

Research paper thumbnail of on Youth , H IV / AIDS and Indigenous Know ledges in Africa

Research paper thumbnail of Teaching zambian traditional religions in religious education: methodological considerations

Trainers of Religious Education (RE) teachers in Zambia have not seriously thought about and arti... more Trainers of Religious Education (RE) teachers in Zambia have not seriously thought about and articulated the teaching of Zambian Traditional Religions (ZTRs) in RE. No doubt they have familiarised trainee RE teachers with ‘neutral’, ‘plural’, ‘confessional’, ‘phenomenological’, ‘personalist’ and ‘existential’ and other approaches to teaching RE, but there is still a huge problem with the teaching of ZTRs. This article intends to discourage teachers from teaching ZTRs as if they were Christianity. The article brings to the fore a real problem in 21 st century Zambian education system and advances the view that ZTRs should be taught as they are, without simultaneously comparing them to other religions. Even the argument that ZTRs have changed and have been Christianised does not at all warrant teachers to present ZTRs to learners in the Christian idiom.

Research paper thumbnail of Promoting good governance and the common good in 20th Century Zambia: the role of the Church and civil society

Research paper thumbnail of Religious Education in Zambia at Fifty Years of Independence and Beyond: Achievements and Challenges

Research paper thumbnail of Irrational or rational? indigenous Bantu knowledge about HIV/AIDS in Zambian communities

Research paper thumbnail of The Definition of a Catholic School: A Catholic Educational Policy Perspective

The motivation for this article is drawn from the current status quo regarding some key stakehold... more The motivation for this article is drawn from the current status quo regarding some key stakeholders of Catholic education who lack sufficient understanding of ‘the definition of a Catholic school’ or exactly what the term ‘Catholic School’ entails. This is because they mostly define a ‘Catholic School’ in limited or restricted terms or just as ‘one run by the Catholic Church’. In as much as such a definition is somewhat correct regarding that which a ‘Catholic school’ is, it does not give a holistic or adequate meaning of a ‘Catholic School’. Further, such a definition is limited and lacks a holistic definition of such schools because they are complexities involving various key features which combining to form the true identity of ‘Catholic Schools’ worldwide. Due to the current status quo regarding the insufficient understanding of what is meant by the term ‘Catholic School’ by some key stakeholders of Catholic education in Zambia, a desk review was conducted to investigate exactl...